ARM CPUs as Fast As Possible
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- Опубліковано 8 сер 2015
- The term "CPU" no longer just covers multi-core, PC processors...
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Who is here 5 years later when apple might have an ARM Mac.
Typing this on my ARM based laptop while watching in 1080p. Still at least 5 hours of youtube-watching battery life remaining.
Lol, me
@@MrWARRIORMONKS PineBook?
The video is 4 years old. Are you from the future?
@@zainkazi Sure, you can say I am from Aug 9th 2020, only about 3 months ahead of you :)
i have arm in my pc, when i install new parts
do some bicep curls with it
NonsensicalSpudz is it a Snapdragon or Tegra?
vgamesx1 snapdragon all the way
NonsensicalSpudz Snapdragon for phones, Tegra for tablets
***** I prefer x86 for my tablets... dem cheap atom tablets are pretty good considering their price.
i7 costs an "arm" and a leg
It costs many arms. I have an unused ARM CPU somewhere (think it's a Texas Instruments part) and that cost just $3 or so at trade prices.
Seriously dude?
goshfather ayy
Got it to 69 likes your welcome
@@yeetyeetpotatoskeet5263 it wasn't going to be there forever
Apparently, ARM won't only be for portable devices starting from now
Yes it’s also for MacBooks
@@goronslime1469 Not just MacBooks but also future iMac and Mac Pro designs.
AGEdude I know the joke is is that he is saying it’s not just for portable devices but the first device is portable
@@goronslime1469 I meant small devices like phones or tablets 😂😂😂
The Acorn Archimedes called, and also Japan's Fukugaku Supercomputer
Who is here after Apple just announced transition to ARM?
It was recommended to me after the announcement
@Cjnator38 same
Moi
Intel dislikes this lol
I am?
CPU battles? More like ARMS race? .. I'll see myself out.
This is underrated.
Why didn't apple call their phone processors the Apple Core™?
Jordan O'C and the cores would be seeds
BassToThe A.C.E ^ Yes.
BassToThe A.C.E We both know they're not powerful enough to ever need more than 1 core, so it'd be more like an avocado if anything.
Jordan O'C Because of the negative connotation as the core is the part of the apple you throw out?
dotcomGone If anything were to be thrown out, it would be the entire apple itself :)
I felt this was a rare miss from Linus. He was explaining ARM from a very x86 centric viewpoint. For example saying that ARM doesn't have a license to use the x86 instruction set is true, but gives the impression that they wanted it and have had to cobble together a second best in its place. Similarly he suggests that because ARM uses a simple instruction set, it can only do simple work. This isn't true at all. ARM can do anything x86 can do. Generally performance might be a bit slower, but power consumption is much lower. Desktop computers can certainly run off ARM and have done in the past.
Umm, but Windows RT crashed and burned because no Win32 Apps worked since they were all for X86 and not ARM
Ranjit Singh whats your point?
Hydrochloric Acid That desktop computers running on ARM have been less then successful
***** that isn't relevant to the OP
Hydrochloric Acid Just a point. I got what the OP said, but i was just giving my input on desktop computers running on ARM
I talked to a guy from ARM a few months ago, it was one of the most interesting tech conversations of my life :)
so much has changed in just 5 years. im here after apple's event. M1 chip is insane!!
It's a mobile processor for a laptop. Don't expect sUcH aMaZiNg pErfOrmAnCe because it's from o'mighty overappreciated apple. It's not insane. It's amd right now that is conquering
@@CTMKD lol the A14 chip on the iphone 12 has better performance than an i9 chip. The M1 is even faster than that, while consuming much much less power and no fans needed. Hell, the iPhone 12 can render 4K 10-bit video much faster than a decked out iMac Pro with a dedicated CPU and graphics card. So sorry, but you are factually wrong
@@CTMKD also forgot to mention the i9 requires 125 watts of power, contrasted to the A12 that only needs 5 watts
@@UriPhoneCracker All you apple people are not changing my opinion. Stop trying.
@@CTMKD I'm not an apple person. I currently use an android device and don't use any apple products. It's clear you just want to hate apple for no reason
Forgot to mention ARM is a pretty old architecture, used in a consumer device first in 1987 on the Acorn Archimedes Computer. It's only 10 years newer than x86, but older than the PPC standard Apple held onto for a good many years before going x86 themselves.
***** PPC was actually made by IBM not apple
PPC was actually made by a joint effort by IBM, Apple and Motorola.
MrBearcatjew he said "standard Apple held" not "invented by Apple" so his statement is completely correct
***** Not really, as ARM keeps rolling out new architectures (armv5, armv6, armv7, armv8-A and so on) pretty often while x86 has only seen extensions like SSE and the 64-bit support by AMD. Both (series of) architectures keep pushing out new microarchitectures, though.
ZLau13 I doubt Arm completely redesigns its architecture that often.
By the way, ARM family was used as desktop processor units. Because ARM Holdings was once Acorn Computers, the coolest company ever, which developed BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes and licenced ARM architecture to my beloved DEC and not so beloved, Intel. So Apple, what were you doing in that time? Selling ten Macintoshes for year to schools and hardcore fans? Acorn was on top of the world, man.
Jakub Lulek You said it mate.
Yeah, but they fucked up catastrophically. Apple may have went downhill for a while after they sacked Steve Jobs but Chris Curry completely flushed his company down the shitter! "We chose the name Acorn so we would show up before Apple in business directories!" Really, Chris? I can't find Acorn anywhere :D
Chris did create my beloved ZX Spectrum though while he worked at Sinclair Research so I still love him even if he did throw away the chance of rivaling the American greats. Chris made Acorn bankrupt by accidentally ordering his factories to build the wrong thing, Clive Sinclair thought computers would be a fad and stopped his company making any more of them so he could concentrate on his failed electric car/bike and Alan Sugar wanted Amstrad/ABM to rival IBM when he should have been concentrating on smaller competition and couldn't get his foot in the door.
Three British companies that dominated the home computer market outside of North America and all of their owners were fucking teapots with the business sense of three dead fish! Commodore was the only American company that managed to get a foothold in Europe before all of our companies committed suicide..
@referral madness The Atari ST was very popular in the UK, Germany and other countries. The previous Atari 8-bit home computers not so much.
I prefer saying ARM as 'A.R.M.' with three syllables just like how I pronounce AMD as 'A.M.D.'. I don't know why, I just do.
This is how say it as well. Glad I'm not the only one
Cakefish You are not alone....
Like SQL vs S.Q.L.
***** I say it like "A.R.M" because it's ARM and not Arm. Weird reasoning I know but seems logical to my brain.
pranav nachnekar what do you think about the alienware x51 i5
Motherboard chipsets As fast as possible
Yes I am not a good day for the next few weeks of school tomorrow and I'm still not sure what I
+gonatrollya I meant yes
+Matapatapa done
3:26 I briefly thought that was Berkel.
***** ...Wut?
TehOnlyShoe Angela Merkel is a German politician.
though ***** , Jess meant Nick van Berkel.
(van Berkel by the way is a Dutch name and they all pronounce it wrong)
***** Quit it with the wrong "corrections". It's annoying and the only one who likes it is you (you liked your own post... I only feel pity)
***** The fella deleted his messages so you might not know what he typed(and it's been a while so neither do I)
What I do remember is he kept spewing false information(I think it was grammar related, not sure)
I just call people out when they spew false information, people will get the wrong idea.
I don't see where I acted like an SJW.
+Jess He really does.
Apple: *announces transfer to ARM processors*
UA-cam: Hey, wanna know about them?
This was released 5 years before the announcement lol
@@adithyaudupa i know, I'm just saying how convenient UA-cam recommendations are.
@@MishaMykha True 😁
For the second time actully
The whole point of ARM is that it isn't 'specialized', it's a RISC based CPU.
I was wondering if Linus would mention the difference between RISC and CISC but he didn't.
+Dan Harris You could say it is specialised in being unspecialised.
ARM is not fundamentally more/less efficient than x86 because of this. They are just different instruction sets. ARM based designs seem to be gaining a lot of efficiencies since the smartphone revolution but this is just through implementing the same strategies that Intel has for years. Soon physics will catch up with them too and there will be nowhere to go.
+Dan Harris I am pretty sure at the heart of modern x86, there is a RISC design. x86 CISC instructions are translated (or something like that) to something the RISC core can use.
He did talk about the reduced instruction set and related differences. Just saying it has RISC says little. There's a difference between knowing the name of something, and knowing something.
Other manufacturers specialize arm, i.e., tpm, smu, etc
What's up with the stock images haha
Roger Lopez UA-cam money, and moving I suppose
Editor: *Shows PS4 that doesn’t have backwards compatibility*
Me: Why you triggering me boy!
would be cool to see something like an APU, x86CPU cores+ARM or other low instruction set arcitecture+low latency GPU on a single chip
Try to ask on a forum
Am i the only one who watches linus and doesnt have a gaming pc?
Nope.
Rhys sopniewski No.
Rhys sopniewski gaming pc? Pfff I'm watching linus on my Overclocked Titan Abacus G-sync edition
24 Joy How do you watch videos on a GPU?
Nope:
You need to update this video guys.
And 8 years later, we are just about to see arm chips in windows
This didn't age well.
Arm is big dog atm 🤣🤣
ARM is actually a product of Acorn from back in the 80's when they made the Acorn RISC Machine (RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computing) architecture
anyone else think he was going to sponsor at 2:05?
Secret lab !
This video was awesome and funny. Kudos to the editor, and good job to Linus. The sped-up playback makes him sound even more cracked out in these.
thanks for this video guys! I never knew about this before today. You learn new things every day!
3:32 aged like milk
yeah well this was made in 2015 so it took a while
1:55 That picture though...LOL
Who is here because Linus has a beard now
ARM = Acorn Risc Machine, the first of which was used in the Acorn Archimedes, which in turn was the successor to the Acorn BBC computer.
actually, Intel's 64-bit instruction set was licensed from AMD
What are you talking about? ia64 is a real thing! Apologize to Itanium. Apologize!
Yeah, Intel's ambitions for 64-bit fell through, then AMD released a 64-bit CPU based off of the old ia32 architecture. With their tail between their legs, they licensed AMD64 and branded it EM64T (which I have heard means Embarrassing Move in 64-bit Technology).
Who came here after Apple’s event and the announcement of the transition to ARM for Mac?
me
You explain things awesomely. Subscribed.
"dominated by x86"
Cries in AMD64
x86-64 is (mostly) compatible to x86
phones use an ARM CPU?
yep
BeGamerSl there are some which use x86 cpus, like the zenfone phones, with atom cpus
I have the slow one
AirsoftSlo ya
yup
2:38 why did he show an image of the Xbox One and PS4 if they are poor examples of backwards compatibility?
It is interesting to watch this video after 8 years and realize how much things have changed in the use of the ARM cpu architecture. When Apple company switched to their own Apple Silicon M series of processors based on the ARM architecture we now have computers that very powerful in the computational area and at the same time considerably lower in electricity consumption to run them.
This video needs to be updated for today's ARM race.
Did you put of stock image of a PS4 up when talking about backwards compatibility???
***** The PS4s CPU is the same as in the XB1 (Custom AMD 8-Core APU), so technically it has backwards compatibility, its just that Sony chooses not to integrate it... but you do have a valid point...
James Wallace Sony chose not to integrate it so they can force you to re-purchase the games that get ported over to the PS4. Or, you can purchase a PS Now subscription for only $20 Per Month..
James Campbell Not true. The PS4 is theoretically BC compatible with other x86 software (eg PC software). The PS3 isn't x86 so would require emulation. And emulating the Cell Processor would be incredibly difficult and expensive if not impossible.
Who’s here after Apple announced ARM Mac?
me
i was trying to figure out who owns the arm architecture
Me 😂
Hallo Melodia lol ok 💀
Me
You'r the only one who i really enjoy watching him. Thanks for all the effort you put into videos.
These explanations are so valuable. Thanks Linus !!
hey this got recommend to me a day after Apple announced the move to ARM
New editor? supper annoying pics and sound effects...
This was published in August
Of 2015 at that
Super*
Thank you! This is informative and simple!
Loved the cheeky zoom on the ps4 when he said "backwards compatibility"
M1 has started it all
The comparison was somewhat lacking.
x86 is a niche product nowadays - x64 all the way.
And while ARM is more power efficient, it can never come even close to the performance of x64 due to the nature of its design.
Want to multiply two matrices, add another matrice to that, and then store that in memory?
Well - with the extensions present in x64 you can do a 4x4 matrix multiplication in a few clock cycles while the ARM would be 4x slower at least.
So depending on the work, an ARM and an x64 CPU both clocked the same, the x64 could be anywhere from just as fast to orders of magnitude faster.
X86-64 is still x86 just specified for 64bit
bensemus x x64 has a lot more instructions available at standard already compared to x86.
It is based upon 86 but extends it heavily.
ABaumstumpf im not saying it doesn't extend it with heavy modification, just that it is an extension of x86 and not a stand alone thing.
Actually some ARMs contains SIMD instructions and HW for it
I think this explains a bit about my experience with chromebooks back in school, being closer to an android than Mac or Windows.
arm has some nice things like the NEON instruction set which is a SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple-Data) extension for arm, and that really speeds up cpu intense calculations like video and audio processing by vectorizing it. And 64-bit arm cpus are on the way, so they are not too far behind.
WHo is here in 2023 and thinks this video has to be updated ? 😁
Intel only lets AMD have the X86 because more competition is bad for business,but that means less competitive processors. Intel has the closest thing to a monopoly legally possible! Another flaw in free market economies.
But the technology has been advancing, so it's a much better example of a near-monopoly duopoly where innovation still occurs compared to something like the graphing calculator market, where testing boards basically only allow TI giving them a monopoly despite the existence of competition.
AMD invented the x64 extension to x86 that allows 64 bit instruction and licences it out to intel, so whos letting who
thank god amd has come back and competition is a thing again
How is that a flaw in the free market? They created the instruction set, it is their intellectual property, and they profit from it.
Not as close of a monopoly as Google
Linus, You guys rock, These little vids in the past...day? Have taught me more about computer things than 2 years of college level class's...thank you for not charging tuition.
ARM for laptops and desktops are here. Although wasn't first they are the most significant player. Others are watching closely and will be imitating them.
Repackaged CISC vs RISC arguments begin.
You totaly confused the advantages of x86 and ARM :S... firstly ARM is the manufacture. Its really the x86+, that contain x86, ,i386 (32 bit instructions), x87 (flotingpoint), MMX (FFT instructions), SIMD 1,2,3,4.... (multiple input instructions), 3D now (transform instructions) and x64 (the 64 bit instruction set).
For are its a similar situation with the cortex instruction set. Its really just the core instruction (that is basically the x86 and the i386) that is run inside inner core of the CPU. The other instructions is called from a other part of the core. With processors like piledriver, this part is shared with two inner cores.
The thing is that x86 inner core is CISC so it can run all instructions inline regardless of length. So they can call the x87 part to do basically inline instructions. For Cortex based CPU the inner cor is RISC but the other external instructions may not be. So the inner core have to package the instructions, send them away, wait for a answer and keep processing. This lockes up the processor while other instructions is made. The 8 cores or so can still work independent of each other, but they can´t work independent of there FPU:s.
This is one of the reasons why x86 processors is faster. The other is that it have a higher instruction per clock cycle, and this basically is a increased flexibility of the x86 core.
Its true in principle that a RISC core consumes less power per instruction than a CISC core, but that its really just true for inner core instructions. On modern CPU there is so much ad on so it don´t really matter any more. You can run x86 just fine on a smart phone. But its basically the same problem as ruining a ARM on a desktop. Most programs is not made for it. When ARM first entered the smart phone market there was a diverse flurry of processors, they beat out all of the strange once, so now they are basically the only one. The program converged at the cortex instructions so now its quite hard for any other instructions to enter the market. Its still a lot easier than in the desktop market, but still quite hard.
Today in high performance operation a x86 is still more power efficient than then a cortex CPU on high work loads. This was not always true, and its mostly the case from intel i series processor.
It took me a few reads to figure out that "cortex instruction set" is what ARM uses.
Yea... but only the modern once. I don´t know the level of compability, but older ARM processors use a other instruction set, While similar, not identical.
Who is here 5 years later after apple announcing ARM M1 Mac?
ARM was in PCs such as the BBC Micro and Acorn Archimedes Series. They run on RISC. The ARM company is based in Cambridge, UK and license the architecture out. It was spun out acorn computers when it liquidated in the mid 90s.
Can we get leg CPU's next?
woosh
nope, leg gpus to go with the arm cpus, quite fitting actually.
ok, bye. cool
lol that name tho
Was this the old
RISC vs CISC
argument?
The SquareSpace ad at the end... Only Linus could pull it off. =) Cause I watched it through all the way to the end since Linus was doing his best.
We need a episode 2 of this
ARM stands for Advanced RISC Machines btw
Wrong it stands for acorn risc machine
o sorry m8
no pr0b1em m8
Ownzem K the dank méméz
RandomVideos great reply
The dark net as fast as possible
Nice first generation Subaru Legacy cluster there at 0:17, for anyone wondering
donkeytits1 noticed too
donkeytits1 cuz I have that car
i dont know why but linus ads are the only ads i like to watch(not him specifically but everyone on his channels)
"Dildo racing" ok.
Who's here after Apple Silicon (ARM) announcement?
Me
the ARM chips where designed in the United Kingdom which was part of ACORN computers which was spun off to make ARM chips, The inventor of the ARM PROCESSOR is Sophie Wilson.
This is getting my favorite channel of youtube
Dildo race? What?
Yeah... Just... Yeah. That happened.
I could ask so many questions, but I don't want to hear any of the answers.
That Blind Guy Watch it :D Hilarity ensues.
It's unlikely to replace x86 In windows pc's anytime soon..
2019: Surface with Arm CPU's
Yeah but it's hot garbage..
@@Alexander-jr8nw The new surface did! It uses an emulator
For the really small power-sipping devices like door locks, its more likely that they would use something like a PIC or Atmel AVR processor, running at a few kilohertz (if that), rather than the relatively power-hungry ARM. (Although my personal favorite is the SX instruction set.)
just watched WWDC2020 an Apple has an ARM Mac
can i emulate x86 on arm?
You can try, but it requires porting over and changing a bunch of code.
Gizego from what I understand it's possible but it's super slow
I just wanted to run my windows forms game in a raspberry Pi 3
DOSBox runs fine on ARM. In fact, I'm able to cross-compile from ARM to x86 using a Raspberry Pi 3
i think via also makes x86 cpu's.
Cyrix also made x86-compatible CPUs. Which, I've heard, had the best integer math core out there.
hey linus I have a question
if like what you said does a chip operate in a keyboard like razer or a mouse
does it use ARM technology or razer made it themself ??
Thanks Linus! Another home run. Best tech information videos to have ever been brought to life.
Do one on AVR processors!
Quarker what do you think about the alienware x51 i5
Quarker They are based on ARM's architecture, so they already explains what matters in this video.
Laurentiu D Only a small percentage are. Most are based on Atmel's original architecture.
Better not. We can read the wiki pages ourselves.
If ARM can't do complex tasks as X86 then why is Apple ditching X86?
Vishal Batra ...Because this was from 5 years ago and the platform has improved immensely.... you dumbass.
@@Iam_Dunn ARM can never match the performance of x86 even if it has improved a lot you dumb fuck shit.
@@Iam_Dunn do you call everyone asking questions dumbass? Perhaps you need a lesson or two in how to behave you dumb piece of shit
You do find ARM in your PC, usually as a small controller on a HDD or some other device.
When creating XAML animations on Windows 8.1 NT It forced me to cache EVERYTHING in order for it to work. In other words, ARM CPUs are much more limited when it comes to these sort of things.
Who else is here after WWDC?
Please don't confuse microprocessors and CPUs. Microprocessors have built-in ROM, RAM and CPU.
I also didn't really like your analogy about the instruction set because its pretty much backwards, ARM CPUs have more registers so can theoretically multitask better which also explains the better power consumption, and saying one is more 'closer to the metal' is just weird, they're both the lowest level code physically possible.
I do understand how this was probably a difficult to topic to explain simply :/
Lee Fogg well in a way arm cpus can work "closer to the metal". even in x86 assembly, there is more abstraction in the x86 assembly language. they are both physically as low as possible on their own designs but comparatively they one is lower.
Lee Fogg Thank you, I was looking for this (so I don't have to write it myself). I'll add that ARM (being based on RISC architecture) has a reduced instruction set compared to Intel's x86 and thus doesn't have "to handle as much stuff".
Wrong. You're confusing an microprocessor w/ an microcontroller. Example: ARM Microprocessor: SPEAr600; ARM Microcontroller: STM32F769I
You're correct, I forget the difference sometimes.
You're correct, I forget the difference sometimes.
I still have a Strong-Arm powered RiscPC, (with the SRAM Kinetic cache; hogging the DMA port) wow history there.
Back in the 90's a desktop with an ARM cpu knocked the socks off x86 PC's.
PowerPc? that was indeed impressive. I'm still upset that IBM gave up on that.
X86 technology is old. All new cpus are x64 or x86-64, technology invented by amd.
jowarnis x86 is still the core ISA. -64 is just an extension to the ISA that implements x86 on for 64 bit processing. you are still using x86. the same can be said from "ARM". cpus don't adopt arm as a whole, we adopt implementations of arm such as aarch64 and aarch32. but despite the extension its still arm.
Or Intel
X86-64 wouldn't exist without X86
Idunnohuur x64 was created because x86 has a limitation in the dates it can handle. I think the limit was 2034, then x86 cannot go further, correct me if I'm wrong with the date.
LadrilloRojo
32 bit sucks. The end.
Looks like Nvidia got it
Yeah lol. I literally had to come here to watch this
I don't actually subscribe to this channel for the info..
But the videoediting is comedy gold! Whoever is doing that needs a raise Linus ;)
ARM cpus are coming to the laptop market 2019
Watching this in 2020 after Apple released ARM chips for all macs
Same
Arm sux. $800 iPad Pro cannot run what a $300 laptop with an i3 can do easily
Correction apple a has similar architecture
+Alex Maiorov
That's because its $300 of hardware in $500 of aluminium.
Raspberry Pi is good in many ways. Being a competitor to desktops and laptops is questionable. A chromebook costs about the same as a pi plus an SD card, a case, a network card (for older pi that don't come with it), either a larger SD card or a USB storage device, a keyboard, a mouse, and a monitor, plus separate shipping on each item potentially, and is a lot more powerful in terms of CPU and memory.
Yes ARM is just a toy with lower power consumption! If they would like to buff up the performance,then the power advantage is GONE.And the Raspy is a bad example with the shared USB, ethernet bus. I've a Raspi 3 and the performance suck when is about networking.
Just watching this on an auto gen playlist. I think you should def keep the beard Linus!
Would be nice to revisit this considering the new apple silicone ARM
My Snapdragon 808 heats up to over 80 degrees Celsius. My 4790k heats up to max 75 degrees Celsius under load.. I think my mobile CPU is defective xD
Peshyy what do you think about the alienware x51 i5
Future US Marine haven't even looked at what it looks like and what it has. :D
I'm comparing an ARM processor to an i7 desktop processor.
In this video, Linus said the heat output of ARM processor is times lower than the one of a desktop CPU. Not in my case. And this chip is on my LG G4. I think I'm going to ask for a replacement
oh, Im on console right now and Im trying to get into pc. I was just wondering if it was good
Well, for me Alienware PCs have always been a bit overrated. I like building my systems and I'm quite happy. You can ask on the LinusTechTips forums for help if you want, they're a great community :) I bet you can get something a bit better for maybe the same price or less, depending on where you're located ^^
And I'd like to welcome you to the PC Master Race army ^^
Peshyy The difference between your 808 and i7:
One is passively cooled, one is actively cooled. Your i7 kicks out WAY more heat than your 808, but the i7's heat is dissipated by your cooler. If they put an i7 in your phone, it would melt, if it had enough power to run it for more than 5 seconds.
This isn't even close to right....
"The term "CPU" no longer just covers multi-core, PC processors..." The "CPUs" in all sorts of devices you're talking about are called microcontrollers. They literally predate the PC so I am not sure why you're talking about redefining "CPU."
As a quick comparison; ARM is faster, X86 uses less RAM, X86 has years of backwards compatibility(the reason nobody's in a hurry to switch PCs).
The technical side of it is much more complicated. X86 is a CISC cpu which means that it does more than one task in a single command; this means that programs are a lot smaller(once upon a time, program commands actually used measurable amount of RAM), however the achilles heel of CISC is that not even command takes the same amount of time. This might not sound like much of a problem, but frequency is a very important factor in circuit design and CISC can vary by 4 or 5 times. Because of this, RISC, which use to be the inferior design, became the standard. ARM on the other hand(pun not intended), was designed from the ground up around RISC.
While X86 is a CISC design, almost all X86 computers are actually RISC; the reason X86 gets so hot is because it has added circuits to convert X86 code into useable RISC code.
So the short of it is, X86 is a ghost of the past that people can't get rid of because of backwards compatibility.
Amir Abudubai x86 isn't actually cisc anymore. It is risc with a cisc wrapper, because its actually faster to emulate cisc on a risc processor rather than run it natively. The DEC alpha showed this.
Ibm's power architecture is pure cisc however.
A microcontroller has the processor, chipset, and memory built into it, a microprocessor is a only a CPU. The CPU/MPU contains no peripherals while a MCU is literally an entire computer on a single die.
ARM comes in both MCU and MPU variants.
I freaking love theese stock images
See also: MIPS, low-RISC, RISC-V, POWER, for other instruction sets/CPUs.