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How Aircraft Carrier Catapults Work
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- Опубліковано 21 жов 2021
- It’s time to see what happens during catapult operations on an aircraft carrier, both above the deck and below the deck! Steam or electromagnetic? Our favourite is #NotWhatYouThink #NWYT #longs
Music:
Rise to Power - Christoffer Moe Ditlevsen
Torpedo - Tigerblood Jewel
We Are Giants - Silver Maple
Tracker - Christoffer Moe Ditlevsen
On the Trail - Tigerblood Jewel
Virginia Highway - Tigerblood Jewel
Hordes - Jo Wandrini
Footage:
Videoblocks
National Archives
US Department of Defense
Note: "The appearance of U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) visual information does not imply or constitute DoD endorsement."
damn that launch sequence was so satisfying with his commentary
I was a catapult engineer for CVN 69 and the steam system is way more complex than anyone would ever think. After working with it for years I was still learning new things about it every day.
I am sure they have greater technology
CVN 69?
Nice.
Hmm have u ever sailed with DDG-69 and CG-69?
New ships are ditching steam for some kind of giant electric solenoid.
I worked CV 63 her final years! I can still recite fluid flows for water brakes, JBDs rotary and water brakes haha almost 20 years later. Best/worst job ever
It’s like an uncut version of Top Gun with the director’s commentary.
Now where do I sign up to ride on one of those EMALS test vehicles?
To USN CVW, obviousy.
I suggested to HRO at Lakehurst that they put out a 1st April job listing for Deadload pilot, Prop Washer etc but they said to many would apply :(
Indigo: Apply to Huntington Ingalls Shipyard, Newport News, Va. (p.s. they won't actually let you ride one, but honestly you really wouldn't want to either)
The closest you're legally gonna get is to ride a roller coaster that uses the same technology instead of the old clunky (
@@Atlessa Dude, for ~$100 you can get an hour of flight training in at least a cessna if not a citabria or something. Either of which will let anyone who's uninitiated experience the most G force of their entire life unless they drive a Radical or an F2 or F1 ... it'll be plenty.
We should simply put a large trebuchet on an Aircraft Carrier and launch planes from that as projectiles
Agreed
Sounds a lot like a missile launcher lol
Ask us
Or just shoot them from a giant cannon
The french got to the moon that way
Hmm yes great idea
They work by throwing plane so fast plane fly, thank me later
🏆
Big brain
I mean... yeah
That's why you are a delivery man.
Yea but how do they make that speed?
(I understand the joke btw)
China: "oh.. that is how it works. OK... time to copy it for my future carrier"
🤣🤣
True
I think type 003 have emals. If chinese nailed it who knows😅
Truth
People in china: you guys use UA-cam?
The puns in this channel is what makes it the best. I love it
Fantastic shot of a quadruple cat launch! This is exactly one of the things that makes the U.S. carriers the dominant warship on the seven seas. The E-mals have a lot of problems to overcome, but they're the future of the next generation aircraft carriers.
I love your sense of humor! Being informative and providing great videos is a bonus :)
The steps required to launch a plane down a runway are too complicated for my tiny brain. Thanks for making it easy to understand!
This has become my favorite channel to learn about stuff I do not need, love it!
The last time I looked at them, EMLs were effectively augmented railguns operated at a lower current… or are they not what I think?
That's basically exactly what they are.
Like bullet trains
They are what you dont think
More like Gauss guns, but yes. A railgun only makes sense when you DO want the instane acceleration to hypersonic speeds, even at the cost of almost melting the single-use projectile (it's pretty damn hot by the time it leaves the barrel, with sparks and fragments flying off but that's OK since it's gonna be EVAPORATED when it hits whatever it hits anyway). At moderate speeds, and if re-using the metal object being accelerated is important - a Gauss gun is much more efficient.
The JBD's are made up of Aluminum plates able to withstand high temperatures they are cooled with a liquid cooling system and heat exchangers with sea water. I'm retired Navy and worked the flight deck.
5:10 these are track seals that are installed after flight ops prevent FOD from entering the track. The seals the narrarator is talking about are metal.
7:00 the preheat time of several hours is a Gross exaggeration. The steam cats can be ready for operation in minutes.
7:26 NAVAIR is still have issues getting acceleration curves correct for safely launching aircraft. Once again steam cats can be dialed back to launch UAV's the current generation of steam cats launched propeller driven aircraft and launch smaller jet powered training aircraft.
Hi Patrick, thanks for your comments!
Regrading the preheat time, so "soaking" does not take hours?
Commenting to remember this comment🧠 Also what does FOD mean?
@@NotWhatYouThink no it only takes a few cycles of the shuttle to get up temp and the cylinder bedblocks to seal up.
@@weppwebb2885
Foreign Object Debris
Foreign Object Damage
Just for sake of knowledge, is it possible to have catapult and ramp at the same time?
The holdback is not released by pushing a button, it releases by itself when the force is right. The single use ones had a "dog-bone", a precission piece of metal that would break at a predetermined force.
I just watched that video
Yep, was just about to say the same thing
Finally, a normal length video
We publish a long video every Friday.
@@NotWhatYouThink this is just a question but could you try every Monday and Friday?
@@F16enthusiast I think not
EMALs have another safety benefit. In the event of a Primary reactor coolant leak to main steam, which to my knowledge has never happened, the steam catapults would become radioactively contaminated.
Yeah thats like 1 in a million kinda deal though. EMALS?? Nope, Id rather have reliable catapults thanks!!
@@wheels-n-tires1846 EMALS is a new tech. Steam catapults where a new tech at one point too. The benefits of EMALS far outweigh the downsides of lower reliability in the mean time.
@@curtiswhyte3297 I disagree. The emals is still performing with an abyssmal failure rate, and we have a carrier thats been in commission hiw long?? And what advantages are there??? If youre talking about sortie rate, its inaccurate, disingenious, and as of now, the failure rate pretty much cancels everything.
@@curtiswhyte3297 out of curiosity, i reread some reports and its worse than i recall!! The EMALS is supposed to achieve over 4000 launches without a failure. So far they've only been able to achieve less than 300!!
The new EM arresting gear is even worse!!! The standard is 16500, and havent been able to achieve 50!!!
The EMALS, when it fails, requires a total system shutdown, which means ALL the cats. Failures of EMALS and the arresting system have both caused the systems to be down for hours, to DAYS!! That explains why Fords first upcoming faux deployment will be limited and within range of land-so that planes wont be lost at sea if the carrier cant recover them!!! The Ford was supposed to have IOC in 2018. Five years later, we still have a totally combat-uncapable ship. The transformatiomal new tech is an unmitigated disaster for the navy and the taxpayers. Theres no vaunted advantage, real or imagined, that makes EMALS or AAG worth it. Sorry but Ill take steam cats for the win....!!!
@@wheels-n-tires1846 move on bro you can't be stucked on steam forever also failure is another step of success new tech always fails at first then it will be improved as it develops
I've always wondered how a steam catapult works. This video was a great pleasure to watch. Thanks!
this is an incredibly detailed depiction of catapult systems. Im an ABE working on an aircraft carrier and this breaks it down better than some of the courses we have to take. good job man. also, somebody needs to sand that NGL at 6:29 sweet jesus.
I prayed for a long video and i got what i wants😌
Airplane Catapult? Don't you mean
Jet Yeeter?
Um buddy there’s bots replying to you
@@ttangen8754 yeah let's report all the bots in this comment section
We didn't have a "bubble" or a hatch which opened in the middle of the deck between the two forward cats. Our catapult launch controls were in the port catwalk, out of the way, where they belong.
You should hear the impact of those cats hitting the water brakes at the end. It is like being next to an artillery piece firing. Ships company is as far away from them as possible. The air wings, when embarked, are sleeping right underneath the damn things. You KNOW a guy/girl is tired AF when they are able to sleep through a cat shot. My berthing compartment was 3-74-2-L (3rd deck, 74th frame from the front, port side relation to centerline, L is living spaces) and it woke me up every 2 minutes. I could not imagine being under them all night
Just to add: The jet engines are revved up to 100% just prior to launch and prior to breaking the dog-bone. After burners are employed at the end of the shuttle to give the extra boost as the jet drops 30-50 feet once off the Catapult. And, temperature of the steam is actually "superheated" steam. You don't actually see superheated steam because it is steam that is so hot, there is no water left in it. What you see as steam on the launch is not the superheated steam, but by product.
Fun fact: You never see steam, it's an invisible gas.
The Holdback bar is a colour coded metal bar and specific of each aircraft. it is designed to physically break when launch thrust/tension is applied. It’s a disposable single use object.
China actually has somewhat of an advantage developing emals for their upcoming supercarrier. They already have linear induction motors in use for their super trains. So they would need to step up the technology in its capability and make it seaworthy. There's a few more things I have to do but I'm not going to go into those things.
I knew exactly how steam catapults work, so this is what I thought :D
The first person to catapult from the carrier must have balls of steels.
The EMALS may be newer but goddamn the steam catapults look cool
Technically the button doesn't release the holdback. The button fires the catapult shuttle. The holdback literally breaks under additional tension. There is a piece of it that remains in the aircraft nose gear until the plane is recovered and it is removed.
The breakable holdbacks were used in the past. They have reusable holdbacks these days.
@@RocketToTheMoose ahhh I was unaware of this! Thanks!
@@RocketToTheMooseThe reusable Holdbacks are referred to as RRHB (Repeatable Release Holdback).
It's like a Slingshot, but for expensive things
UA-cam’s definitely having some problems. This ain’t the first time this happened, but I saw this video two times on top of each other.
One of the JBD Operators was roasting marshmallows on the jet's thruster when the Aircraft Director came by he quickly hid his marshmallows and said, "it's not what you think".
Jumping into the ocean right next a aircraft carrier must not be too bad.
mmmmm, maybe it beats being far from the ship and waiting for a rescue helo, but the BN in that aircraft never left his seat pan and his chute never had time to open and slow his entry. He was pretty beat up upon recovery, more so than his pilot his chute semi opened). They were lucky to get out when they did as 5 degrees more and they would have been fired directly into the water's surface at 85 mph (and before their chutes deployed) and that would be just like hitting concrete at highway speeds.
@@chrismaggio7879 pilot was probably trying to shoot sideways so the carrier didn’t run them over lol
@@alyssadavenport629 You are not wrong!! it is a big fear to be bulldozed by a 97,000 ton ship traveling at 35kts. The standard move when leaving the deck is for Cat 1 (right front cat) to roll to starboard when they achieve airworthiness. Cat 2 is to roll left, precisely for that reason. The Waist Cats (3 & 4) roll left usually or they maintain a straight forward heading seeing as they are already shooting away from the bow of the ship by a few degrees. As a green shirt I have stood on the bow9with other green shirts) playing the Leaning Game. You open your load coat and lean as far forward as you dare, with your toes at the very end of the deck! The wind holds you up and sometimes the wind wavers you do these little drops that scare the shit out of you! Looking down 90 feet to the water is absolutely terrifying even with the 3 foot wide safety net. You see the power and force of the water against the hull and about pee yourself. But we lived dangerously and this was the game.
*float coat* not load coat ??
Finally my Comment! but Not what you think.
„You know those steam catapults we have? Let‘s switch em up for what is essentially a railgun that shoots planes!“
„Hell yeah!“
At 1:30…..incorrect. The steam pressure is always exactly the same.
Thank you.
I like this channel as it is - the voice with the endless knowledge and unique humor. There is no need for face reveal, if you ask me.
Your explanation was fun and thorough.
One thing: The holdback is not "released." It's designed to break at a designated tension. This ensures that the catapult has reached that minimum force required to launch the plane. Unless it's defective or the cat loses pressure after the initial part of the stroke ("cold cat").
Thanks for pointing that out.
When you say “designed to break”, do you mean it gets damaged and cannot be reused?
@@NotWhatYouThink: Yes. It breaks in two at the designed weak point. You can see on the metal bar it has a narrow point machined into it.
@@KutWrite Not quite correct, at least not for many years, there was a time when we actually had color coded "dumbbells" that connected the holdback bar to the maingear, and each color denoted the aircraft and the "breaking point of that dumbbell". We had boxes of them sitting mid-deck next to the manhole. We called it a breaker bar for that reason. The more modern aircraft holdback bars, or breaker bars, have calibrated connections designed to "break" or pop open at predesignated and specific pull rates... just like the old ones except there are no half-dumbbells stuck in the maingear and half in the breakerbar, both of which were FOD, and or missiles if the got caught in the jet blast from the departing aircraft! had it happen twice when I was first training and set my mind right on the dangers it presented. The new ones are recalibrated constantly for safety reasons.
@@chrismaggio7879 OK. Thanks for the update! I often wondered what happened to the half that stayed with the aircraft. Whether they got caught when the gear retracted, etc.
I love these aircraft carrier videos.
2:08 sounds like you were trying to keep in laughter
Holdback his laughter
One of your better videos really appreciate it
2:58 that’s a super sick pose
Yeah it is. It does make me giggle however because it's a dramatic way to tell the pilot "ok you can take off now". But I agree it looks super cool.
“No no not my face reveal”
Yes your face reveal
ITS ABOUT DRIVE 😤
ITS ABOUT POWER 🔥
WE STAY HUNGRY😈
WE DEVOUR 👹
PUT IN THE WORK 💪
PUT IN THE HOURS ⌚
AND TAKE WHATS OURS🥶
@@scout8473 BOT
@@scout8473 I feel disappointed with humanity...
@@suhandatanker same
@@suhandatanker why
I like EMLs better because it doesn’t drench the deck in thick white steam
The complexity of these ships is incredible
I've always wondered how those worked thanks
🥉
5:20 Isambard Brunel would be very proud :P
“Precisely choreographed” sees man dancing under a jet
European ingenuity.
We truly are the mothers of invention.
Very captivating video! Learning is fun!
2:58 dangit!!! We will keep waiting.
Nice 👍
Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video.
How Not What You Think would explain catapults: 11:14 minute video. How i would explain catapults: Yeet the plane.
9:32 Raises (not begs) the question
Yeah you don’t want to lose your best pilots from failed launching.
Excellent video, highly informative ! Thanks for posting.
Wow at the man who got clipped by that wing. Hope he made full recovery.
Now i know which catapult to buy for my Aircraft Carrier. Thanks!!!
When he cracked at holdback operators i died laughing
Yeah xD
It's an improvement over being married to the Bridal
That's a big o' torque wrench at 4:55
I love your long vids sooo much
Im leaning this now!
Thanks for the Very Educative Video!
how to overdramatize everything is the main theme of this channel
Very good informative video. I always wondered about the sealing of the catapult cylinder and it reminds me of Brunel's atmospheric railway, but that used a leather strip.
Steam, hydraulics and a lot of grease haha I lived working the cats during my enlistment
My step dad was working on a carrier walked somewhere to do somthing and the cable snapped and cut a guy in half right were he was standing before he has ptsd time to time about it
*fearful noises of just reading this*
Good explanation!!
I need one of these to get my post lockdown ass out the door in the morning
9:32 It's not even a question, just look at the Admiral Kuznetsov.
Am I first?
🥇
I once saw a video of a Russian fighter get launching from a stationary Russian carrier which speaks a lot since first, the carrier didnt even have a catapult and second, it's stationary. I dont know the take off weight of the jet but the skii ram seems to be a big factor.
I think electromagnetic catapults are more safer then the steam catapults and also more fast for another launch
Did you just hear the narrator? The failure rate of electromagnetic launchers is still higher than steam launches. However, steam catapults have had about 60 years of use and improvement. Electromagnetic launch systems are about a decade old. So given time I suspect they will be just fine.
@@chuckaddison5134 I am not sure whether safety is directly connected to reliability.
If a failure always is a complete malfunction for the electromagnetic catapults it could still be safer when failing 100 times more often.
Depends really what a failure is, the video sounded like it being quiet safe while no mention of what a failure for steam catapults means
Can only load the airplanes to the catapult so fast. By having 4 catapults 2 on bow and 2 on the waist, can load and alternate bow and waist Cats 1, 3, 2, 4 and launch 4 aircraft in 2 minutes.
@@whirledpeaz5758 Kind of correct, but check out the last scene in the vid where all four are shot on sequence from all cats and all 4 aircraft are in the sky at once. We practiced that once in a while but you are correct that in normal rotation and cycles plan on 30 seconds between any cat shots and a couple minutes in war-mode to set up the next bird on each cat.
What’s up
The issue is how electro magnetic cats can be shut down by an EMP. Looks like the Nimitz would be laughing in the end.
The steam cats still rely on electronic control systems.
@@Viktor_EE it's not the mechanism itself, but the digital controls for the cat that the green shirts use to set it. Its completely digital.
@F B I I love how that entire paragraph is one of the first results on Google, just paraphrased. Please elaborate more.
Remember to me the time when french pilots land 3 at the same time on a US carrier, the crew freaked out so much lmaooooo
Oh my... as a former Greenshirt I was very concerned by the deckhand at 2:04 not having the ability to attach the holdback bar!! This is the simplest of procedures and just the way that same crewmember waddled away with the t-rex hands means there is a serious learning curve with this one. That Chief needs to keep a watch on this one as everyone is at risk. Other than that great work shipmates.
That's my bird! At one minute, 13 seconds. VFA-113 STINGERS
It’s exactly what I thought. The catapults are driven by steam generated by the nuclear engines of the ship.
Man those hold back bars are gd heavy
I know how model glider catapults work. Place the ring around the glider hook, pull back to high tension until the stake pulls out of the ground, flies back and shoots cleanly through the upper right thigh muscle 2" below the testicles. I was 12. I had a long learning curve.
Even with the water brake, the catapult shakes the ship with a loud thud...
ngl, I liked the narrator's humor here
Steam made by the heat from the reactor goes to accumulators on the 03 Level and provides the pressure for the catapults. It turns out it is what I think unless it's the ford class and that's basically a rail gun shooting jets.
A lot more complicated than I thought.
10:17 Planes in the Kuznetsov and INS Vikramaditya take off that way, full afterburner and flaps as well as a ramp
Yes, but with aircraft designed for that purpose, whilst simultaneously taking a huge hit to operational capabilities.
I watched 3 videos prior to this one, this being the only video which explained expediently.
I'm here cause of china's type 003 fujian aircraft carrier launch btw.
Another Great British invention.
This was a very interesting and educational video. Thanks.
They basically yeet it off the ship and hope it’s fast enough
Great video. Thank You. This is very interesting them.
You put two carriers in front of each other and get twice the runway length.
We taxied aircraft over the JBD immediately after the previous aircraft was airborne. Never had a single nose tire problem.
But there have been instances of visitors without proper boots melting the bottoms of their shoes.
@Synjd Crispy and as saying went "I'd give my left nut" to be back there, never having left the place. I was thinking with the wrong head 👇 , got married & got out.
the electromagnetic one is clearly superior, because they're much cooler B)
Hmmm, Rachel, not so much the correct argument. It is much cleaner, quieter, and more easily configured to the changing aircraft, (and half the damned ship isn't designated to all the associated piping and accumulators and such!) but they can suffer from far far more tiny glitches in electrical components and software issues, as well as EMPs, and are less robust, than the old steamers. Steam cats are noisy, steamy, greasy, and antiquated by modern standards, but there is a reason they haven't been replaced until now... reliability and damned near bulletproof. My Audi A-6 Twin Turbo (far superior, by your argument) was in the shop more times than I can count for silly 5 cent parts and computer failures, where as my 1996 carbureted V-8 Chevy truck (far inferior by your argument) never missed a road trip and required only basic oil changes and tires for 20 years. So I would have to argue that "superior" has to be defined by the results of its workload and reliability, and so far the EMALS needs some serious great results to be defined as superior. I know it will one day meet its expectations, but by then it will be considered old and carriers will all be maglev or vstol/drones. Besides, the cat steam rising on a freezing cold day in the North Atlantic was the only thing that kept us from freezing to death on the deck! haha
11:00 launches 4 jets at the same time
Delivery man knows his physics
EML failure rates may be down to 5 failures per 1,000 launches -- but steam failures are at 2 failures per 10,000 launches... that's still a 25X increase in failures over steam version!
N'y a t'il pas une grosse dépression lorsque l'on quitte le pont à l'avant du navire qui peut créer une défaillance moteur...?
I was waiting for danger zone to start playing