Geology 14 (The Ocean Floor)
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- Опубліковано 1 сер 2024
- Glad to have you studying with me! I have more content in the works and I hope you'll enjoy it. For those that are interested, the best textbook out there is this one: amzn.to/47VNed8. However, it's a little old now (two of the authors have passed away) and if you prefer a newer textbook, I would recommend this one: amzn.to/45UFDcR
For other introductory geology lectures: • Introduction to Geology
This video is my lecture on the ocean floor. It covers abyssal plains, mid-ocean ridges, the continental shelf, and many other seafloor features and geology. I hope you enjoy it! This video is also closed captioned.
Best teacher on the internet...period!
Just wanted to let you know we are using this to help understand ocean topology for an ocean planet in my game Lodestar! Even 7 years later people are still learning from this. :D
Thanks again for doing these. You are a great lecturer.
Youre the best !! Thank you!! you make the classes more fun and interesting! :D
amazing topics really really love to watch this kind of videos for days and years. tnx for taking the time.
Thank you for doing these. They are amazing and are really helping me in school.
Well done and very informative. Thanks
This was one of my favorite lectures in this series so far! I live on the Rio Grande. Now I am interested in looking for evidence of this in my area.
It is very interesting. The Rio Grande Rift extends from from Mexico/US border (actually further south but not as well defined) into Northern Colorado or at least up to the Colorado River. There are extensive volcanic rocks from the rifting found along the rift in New Mexico but mostly dies out in southern Colorado. The Rio Grande marks the eastern edge of the Colorado Plateau which has been interpreted as an intercontinental "micro" plate. The Colorado River is often considered the northern boundary of the plateau and the youngest volcanic rocks in Colorado are found along the Colorado River near Dotsero (as part of the evidence of the late Cenozoic microplate movement (eruption date approx 10,000 years). See Rio Grande Rift Wikipedia page.
These vids are really helpful. Thank you so much for the uploads. xx
I love these videos. You do a great job of describing high concept topics.
I do want to shout out Marie Tharp right at 21:40. She did most of the work for Henry Hess to "discover" sea floor spreading. But she is systematically left out of history due to her gender. Women can be great geologists too!!
(Not to down play Henry Hess. He was a very smart man who did great work. But the discovery of sea floor spreading belongs to Tharp not him in my opinion)
I agree. She is definitely one of the great pioneers in the geosciences and to do her justice for her contributions would require a full lecture on her alone.
Thank you. This was very helpful
thank you are helping me through my college geology course. thank
Happy to help!
Fantastic stuff...always having to think in million year processes becomes normal
You should give names for other videos rather than links because links expire or change as is the case in this video (at the end)
Your videos are fantastic
Glad you like them!
you should make a playlist on structural geology, or paleontology, or silicates
I have considered doing the structural geology course lectures and putting them online, but I haven't had the time as yet. It is on my list of courses I'd like to create for youtube though.
@@EarthandSpaceSciencesX please make vedios on structural as well as pale tology
What happened to Geology 13?
In production.
Hi . Stil missing 😉
Thanks sir
There are a surprising amount of inherently valuable minerals and rocks in the ocean.
Why are some of the series of lectures missing? Like 15 for example. It is referenced as being a part of the next but is missing.
Geology 15 is here: ua-cam.com/video/sPJJT6zxd0k/v-deo.html
The full playlist is being "renovated" and improved lectures are being produced right now, hence the reason some are missing.
@@EarthandSpaceSciencesX thank you so much for all the effort. I love it. You rock!
30:05 "Of course, every ocean has a start by breaking a continent, that's just kind of the way that it works. It's not the other way around. Continents don't form from the breaking of oceans, it's the other way around."
Can we please take a moment in our forward progression in understanding to consider all of the evidence with respect to the Expanding Earth (Growing Earth) theory? The model, previously held as the consensus, was dismissed in favor of plate tectonics because of a lack of a mechanism for *how* the Earth could have expanded. However, the process can be explained and observations such as that "every ocean forms by breaking a continent, not the other way around" are how the Expanding Earth process would have occurred, where Earth was a single landmass of what we observe presently as "continental shelf" and internal pressure was building up from a yet unrecognized mechanism until the crust ripped apart and the system was freely able to grow to a larger radius with magma being released at the fracture lines and pushing the continents apart until a new equilibrium was reached. Some of the fractures were complete and formed oceans while others did not completely fracture and formed regions such as eastern Africa rifting and the fault lines of the western US.
The process being that the Earth's magnetic field is literally composed of a flow of particles able to pass unabated through the Earth but locked in a gravitational orbit where they travel in a Figure-8 orbit, the sum total of which produces what we observe as the magnetic field of the Earth. These particles diverge from the center and converge over and over again at the center of the planet. As a result, the high concentration of particles causes collisions where the systems merge and become larger macroscopically to the point where lighter molecular weight atoms are even able to be created in the process. This caused the Earth to produce high quantities of water and other lower density materials which they exuded a pressure outward which ultimately was put on the cold, hard, rigid outer shell until it overcame the crust's resistance and the planet ruptured, it was then flooded with the materials built up within the planet--large quantities of water, namely--which ultimately receded into the ocean beds as a newly formed ocean floor was created in the process.
This process was rapid causing shockwaves of energy so powerful that they shaped the world. Island arcs are not at plate collision boundaries, they are formed by shockwaves of energy that were spontaneously released on the outer surface of the planet. For instance, the Marina Trench was formed so rapidly that to the west of it we can literally see a stamped imprint of its motion as waves of energy rippling especially from the epicenter in the Pacific Ocean region were bouncing off of the more rigid continental shelf and mountains were formed. This is why the Pacific is the "ring of fire"--because all of the volcanoes are essentially mountains that were formed in the presence of water. The presence of water during the formation of the mountain is essential. The Indonesian Archipelago was formed by waves of energy that bounced off of Asia towards the south rather than directly entering the continent, and these waves built up to the point where they spewed a huge island arc out into the newly formed region between Asia and Australia. Those that penetrated more directly literally bounced back and pulled continental shelf away sufficiently so as to produce island arcs where their energy flow is away from the continental body, such as Japan.
For instance, the shockwave of energy that was released when South America and Antarctica's final tips of connection severed rippled through the newly formed ocean floor, still malleable, which was shaped and shows the path that the energy traveled, once more producing an island arc. Fiji and the surrounding islands follow a pattern that only waves colliding can explain, specifically shockwaves so energetic that they instantaneously produced the islands in a swirling shape when their energies sufficiently dissipated so as to stop being able to move mountains. What is left is an imprint of two waves colliding and the energy required is not sufficient when we assume plate tectonics, but rapid Earth expansion where the Earth went between two long phases of equilibrium with a transitional intermediary phase that is rapid, like a reaction or a supernova or radioactive decay, and so on, is able to explain these distinct swirling waves of island arcs.
Just my two cents of course. :)
Thanks for the great lectures, I do love them all even if I analyze them from an odd angle.
Sorry if I'm absurd. At 34:00, you also mention that older lithosphere subducts at points up to 90 degrees, such as the Mariana Trench. If the Earth expansion process occurred over a short period of time where as materials were released to the exterior they rapidly cooled and became more dense and, as this occurred, they began to sink in the still hot newer materials, particularly when they were caused to overlap by deflecting back off of the continents.
The Atlantic shows very little signs of this because the crust split along the line of the Atlantic but the process began when the Earth ruptured in the region of the crust that was west of South America. The only evidence we really see in the Atlantic is around the Caribbean Islands, and these are almost undoubtedly caused by the shockwave of energy that occurred when the Yucatan Peninsula was split from Honduras, sending a shockwave east forming the Caribbeans and perhaps bringing chunks of continental shelf along with it as islands of Puerto Rico and others, while some newly formed of material released from the Earth. It may be that this is the actual epicenter of where the Earth's crust split, it's "weakest point" from an internal pressure.
But in the Pacific, the energy was so vast that it deflected off of the continents and back in on newly formed ocean bed when the older material was growing more dense and so it sank into the newer material. All of which was frozen in time as the energy dissipated and the shapes held their form.
This is why the Mariana Trench is shaped like an arc, although the shape itself appears to be stemming from deflection off of the Philippines. As the waves of energy that were deflecting off of Asia and traveling along its coast brought more material, it piled up into islands that then caused subsequent waves of energy to begin to be reflected back out into the Pacific Ocean. When the Phillippines were formed, the energy that was deflected off of them, as well as through the China Sea continental shelf region, takes the shape in the first "stamp" of the motion of the energy to the west of the Mariana Trench in the region that looks like Florida. And then the energy arcs more substantially as it reaches its final position as the Mariana Trench.
Is it possible to please say what the name of the video you are recommending is as the link no longer works. Thanks.
Remind where in the video I make a reference to another video...
37:58 onwards... thanks.
Unfortunately, I no longer have my notes of the name of that video. Sorry about that.
No probs, thanks!
Why the Pacific plate does not subduct under North American Plate at San Andreas Fault? Why only there it does not?
That's a complicated story related to the history of a plate called the Farallon Plate. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farallon_Plate
Thank you. I am taking Earth Science course and I will read carefully.
the YT link at the end isn't working anymore :(
I need to update the video.
Hey, did you skip #13?
It will be a brand new lecture focused entirely on Earth’s Interior. Will discuss the mantle and the core and should be recorded sometime within the next six months.
@@EarthandSpaceSciencesX Ok, thanks! I'll be looking forward to it.
masah oky