Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology and diagnosis | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy
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- Опубліковано 11 вер 2014
- Created by Matthew McPheeters.
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My dad passed away of HCM when I was four months old and im the only child of his out of 4 that has the same condition is him but mine is called hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, I found out when I was 14 and I’m almost 16, last year February I had an ICD implanted in me and ever since it’s been rough. And in a way I feel special because the gene chromosome that caused my hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy I’ve been told that me and only one other person in the entire world have that same gene.
My dad has this, and after a really bad experience after PE in my junior year of high school, I went through all of those tests mentioned and we found out I have it too. Before then we thought all I had was a simple heart murmur since I was a kid. Early detection is best since, like he says, most people with it can be asymptomatic and sudden death could be a very serious and tragic outcome of this like with Caleb Bratayley.
the murmur must always be investigated thoroughly this is just one of the diseases in which it is heard so the cause must always be known to predict the prognosis.
The illustrations fantastically aided!
Thank you for uploading this! It really helped me understand the illness. I am getting screened in a week and being 15 years old im pretty freaked out
Just started watching Khan videos. They're great, thanks for taking out the time to make these!
I was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy last year, i was screened for it about 6-8 years before but came out "clear" witht the exception of a very mild murmur.
After suffering some minor symptoms earlier last year i went to the doctors, and after months of elaborate tests and visits to the GP i was given the diagnoses.
Not one person has been able to explain what hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is as well as this, i had a vague idea before - but this is clear and eloquent. I understand the mechanics of whats going on inside me now.
Thank you Khan Academy i really do appreciate the time and effort that goes into these videos.
Mr Josh I have H.C.M. otherwise known as hypertrophic cadrio myopithy im currently 11 years old.....my left heart muscle is enlarged im soon having surgery to shave off some of the muscle.i take lisinopril and atenalol look it up if u want but thanks for the vid im relaxed now !!!!!
+Biggie Chesse Did you have the surgery? How did it go?
Thanks to Khan Academy for the subject Cardiomyopathy you dealt with. Maximum cause are unknown but known causes like valvular disease, Hypertension, Vitamin deficiencies, Postpartum cardiomyopathy can be controlled if patient take advice from Physician in proper time.
i love this!!! you make it so easy to understand. thank you
Amazing video, I understand HCM so much better now! Thank you!! :)
This is a brilliant series of info vids on the whole topic of cardiomyopathy!! Clear, concise and very self-empowering. Thank you very much indeed for all the hard work you put into setting up these wonderful presentations. A real gift to humanity!
I think that it is very sweet of you to say so@Peter de Ruyter . I agree 100%!!
Thanks a lot for information
Great Video! Thank you!
love the khan academy!! thanks!
Thanks for this video khanaacademy.. U guys are a blessing to med students like me
wow that was good. Comprehensible and compact.
This was sooo helpful, (Studying for Step 1) ....
WTH mann how can someone explain dis nicely ... 💯% gratified
I'd like to point something important .. That hypertrophy can be observed in ECG and the ECG won't be normal as you said !!
Yes, but that would not be diagnostic, many conditions can cause LVH seen on EKG. Only HCM can cause the increased septum to wall ratio seen on echo. So an EKG is helpful but not diagnostic for structural heart diseases. Now if we're talking about ischemic heart diseases, then EKG's are a must.
Exactly. There is going to be nonspecific changes and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Perfect!!!!!
perfect. thanks
Great explanation 👌🏻👌🏻
It is awesome explanation ,very easy to understand
Great job
Not quite there with the explanation of intermittent outflow obstruction. Due to hypertrophied septum , blood flow develops increased velocity in Systole which in return produces Venturi effect and so the Anterior Leaflet of Mitral Valve is sucked onto the outflow exit side of blood which causes the obstruction and in addition mitral valve regurgitation. Correct me if I'm wrong
Good job
Thank you very much
Love the video
Happy birfday Caleb
super helpful video. i loved how you were able to explain the shrinkage of the outflow tract due to lesser filling of the ventricles, causing a louder HCM murmur. Thank you!
Love you caleb
#bakedpotatoforlife :)
Is there any type of medication in HCM treatment that is administered pn (per necessity) when symptoms occur along side a regular regime? Let's say you're well medicated but after a sudden run you get shortness of breath to the point of near fainting. Is there then any medication one would take to relieve these symptoms immediately?
Chest pain is also a symptom due to ischemia fron increased O2 demand (inc.myocytes)& or due to an abnormal intramural coronary artery
can longterm, chronic hypertension cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Which would be the key pathological events that would cause hypertrophy in a person treated with hemodialysis?
almost diagnosed myself with this, but no murmur found :D
thank you very much but can you please explain why ACE and non dihydropyridines CCB are CONTRAINDICATED in HCM
Is it basically an enlarged heart?
rip caleb
can you please thicken the pencil you draw with because it's harder for me to see . if its possible. thank you
Caleb ❤️❤️❤️😭
I miss him so much😭😞
I miss him too 😭
Mary Coppock what’s happened ?
@@hadeelali5057 a kid named Caleb Leblanc died in 2015 from undiagnosed Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
that youtube kid who died from this didn't even know he had it
the worst part is that this disease may have no symptoms at all
Isn't the difference between EDV and ESV the stroke volume not the ejection fraction? Which explains why in cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the EDV may drop due to the decrease in space but ESV remains the same (no contractility issue) which makes stroke volume decrease. Because both SV and EDV are dropping, EF=SV/EDV, EF remains preserved.
Correct
EKG will not be normal: LVH will be seen
I have concentric left ventricle with hypertrophy and my ekg was normal
#Calebgonebutnotforgotten :)
I don't think the contraction ability goes down. It actually becomes hypercontractile. No?
Contractility and ejection fraction are generally normal until late disease when you can develop biventricular systolic failure also. It's obviously not good to get that far in the process as that's end-stage HCM
I have questions regarding the ways to increase and decrease the intensity of the murmur in HOCM. You mentioned decreasing the preload (Valsalva, or standing up from a sitting position), will increase the murmur, due to less blood in the LV, which will mean the hypertrophied septum has less blood pushing it away from the LVOT, increasing turbulence, and increasing the murmur sound, correct?
What I don't understand is, how come increasing the preload (inspiration, squat, leg raise), DECREASE the murmur, when the increased preload coming into the right heart should push the interventricular septum to the left, obstructing the LVOT, increasing turbulence, and increasing the murmur sound? Why doesn't that happen, the same way how Pulsus Paradoxus basically works?
Thanks.
With increased preload, alhtough there Is an increase in pressure in the right chambers (which in would cause the septum to be pushed into the left ventricle) the pressure in the left ventricle is even greater, thus avoiding this motion of the septum and therefore keeping a wider passage of blood flow towards the aortic valve. Hope this helps.
Estela Cabral thank u for the reply. Im actually laughing at my previous comment as i learned much more anout the condition in 7 months since then
+Hassan Raza you're very welcome. I'm glad you were able to find the answers you needed long before my answer ;)
I'm 36 years old. Recently I do medical health checkup and found Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy, my LVEF is 83% in Eco cardiogram. and EF is 72% in Cardio MRI report 2 days ago, EDV -102, ESV-28 , SV-74, EF-72, Mass-136. my body weight is 76 KG, blood pressure 130/75. I'm worried about this (Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy). Please give me a suggestion I'm very worried.
Hello
I've had it for 30 years just loose weight and stop drinking alcohol.....oh but keep smoking weed 😜 seriously just slow down and take care of yourself better....only one you! I hope this puts you at a little ease.
he brought me here to
Can you do a video about Hypertrophic Cardiomypathy and Steroids?
no caleb spam please save that for news videos
This is how Caleb Logan Bratayley died 😢 😭
Is it possible to develop this later in life? Or are you born with it? I ask because when I was 24 I went to ER with bad chest pain. EKG (ECG?) came back normal as well as X Ray. When I was 25 I developed really bad heart palpitations so I went and saw a cardiologist. I had a heart ultrasound and the Dr said my heart was very normal, strong and health, and the right size. Turned out my palpitations were due to a food allergy (an additive in a supplement I was taking). Now I'm 28. I'm very fit and healthy, have always been into cycling and lifting weights, but lately I have gotten into running and I have been doing a lot of running. I have had some mild chest pains lately and some palpitations as well as feeling a little more winded than usual when trotting up the stairs. Is it possible to develop this condition in my late 20's even though cardiologist said my heart was normal when I was 25?
It is genetic
I wasn't diagnosed with HOCM until I was 60. All of my genetic testing so far has been negative. I had one bout of atrial fibrillation 10 years earlier prior to HOCM diagnosis accompanied with a sudden heart murmur. In retrospect, I think that may have been the beginning of HOCM for me.
ProtagonistNonTheist you have to be born with it I have it, it really sucks 😕
Please reply i have recently been fainting and having chest pain. I am scared and have read about this. I heard about people dying from this at 13. I am scared to sleep tonight in case i dont wake up. Please reply i am panicking 😖😩😭😰
Studying for finals brought me here
Just been diagnosed....😔
I'm sorry bro
I am actually diagnosed with HCM. I’m 11.
My prayers to you and you can still have a good life .
@@Aznag1980 thank you
caleb spam is too much
this is instant kill or you actually suffer?
For some people it can be instant kill, for an example one of my friend passed away because of this, there was no signs of HCM only after his death. But his sibling, has it and hasn't passed away either. So it can be both ways.
well maybe both
Can't u teach straight to the point? I'm tired of knowing how heart pumps blood, I already know that.
Maggy Watkins couldn't you learn to be nice?
Maggy Watkins well then go someplace else. You should be appreciative of his work. What a jerk.
Well MAGGY some people don't know if u don't want to watch the stuff u already know skip ahead DUHH