Nav Tattva Prakaran 44 - Paap Tattva 11

Поділитися
Вставка
  • Опубліковано 4 гру 2024
  • NAV TATTVAS
    Jain philosophy can be described in various ways, but the most
    acceptable tradition is to describe it in terms of the Nav Tattvas or
    nine fundamentals. They are:
    1) Jiva (aatma)
    2) Ajiva (non-living matter)
    3) Punya (results of good deeds)
    4) Pap (results of bad deeds)
    5) Asrava (influx of karmas)
    6) Samvar (stoppage of karmas)
    7) Bandh (bondage of karmas)
    8) Nirjara (eradication of karmas)
    9) Moksha (liberation)
    1) Jiva: All living beings are called Jivas. jivas have a
    consciousness known as the aatma, which is also called the atma (aatma -
    chetan). The aatma and body are two different entities. The aatma cannot
    be reproduced. It is described as a sort of energy which is
    indestructible, invisible, and shapeless. Jainism divides jivas into
    five categories ranging from one-sensed beings to five-sensed beings.
    The body is merely a home for the aatma. At the time of death, the aatma
    leaves the body to occupy a new one. Tirthankaras have said that the
    aatma has an infinite capacity to know and perceive. This capacity of
    the aatma is not experienced in its present state because of accumulated
    karmas.
    2) Ajiva: Anything that does not have an aatma is called ajiva. Ajiva
    does not have consciousness. Jainism divides ajiva in five broad
    categories: dharmastikay (medium of motion), adharmastikay (medium of
    rest), akashastikay (space), pudgalastikay (matter), and kala (time).
    3) Punya: By undertaking wholesome activities, we acquire punya or
    good karmas. Some such activities are providing food or other items to
    the needy people, doing charity work, propagating religion, etc. When
    punya matures, it brings forth comfort and happiness.
    4) Pap: By undertaking bad activities, we incur pap or bad karmas.
    Some such activities are being cruel or violent, showing disrespect to
    parents or teachers, being angry or greedy and showing arrogance or
    indulging in deceit. When pap matures, it brings forth suffering,
    misery, and unhappiness.
    5) Asrava: The influx of karman particles to the aatma is known as
    asrava. It is caused by wrong belief, vowlessness (observing no vows),
    passions, negligence, and psychophysical activities. Such and influx of
    karmas is facilitated by mental, verbal, or physical activities.
    6) Samvar: This is the process by which the influx of karman particles
    is stopped. This is achieved by observing samiti (carefulness), gupti
    (control), ten fold yati-dharma (Monkshood), and contemplating on the
    twelve bhavanas (mental reflections), and parishaha (suffering).
    7) Bandh: This refers to the actual binding of karman particles to the
    aatma. Bandh occurs when we react any situation with a sense of
    attachment or aversion.
    8) Nirjara: The process through which we shed karmas is called nirjara.
    Karmas can be shed either by passivity or active efforts. When we
    passively wait for karmas to mature and to give their results in due
    time, it is called Akam Nirjara. On the other side, if we put active
    efforts for karmas to mature earlier than supposed to be, it is called
    Sakam Nirjara. Sakam Nirjara can be achieved by performing penance,
    regretting, asking for forgiveness for the discomfort we might have
    caused to someone, or meditation, etc.
    9) Moksha: If we rid ourselves of all karmas, we will attain moksha or
    liberation.

КОМЕНТАРІ •