Visual Trichome Evaluation to Determine Peak Harvest Time
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- Опубліковано 19 вер 2024
- Visual Trichome Evaluation to Determine Peak Harvest Time
Professor DeBacco
Why Look at the Trichomes?
Trichomes provide an indication of the plants ripeness and cannabinoid and terpen concentrations.
Visual evaluations may not provide an exact number, it can indicate when the greatest concentrations of these compounds are likely to occur in the plant.
A plant sample chemically analyzed is the “best” method, this is time consuming and costly so out of reach by most growers. So, the visual inspection can get very close to peak harvest with minimal cost helping growers maximize their production.
Different Types of Trichomes
Bulbous
Smallest (20 micrometers) and need an aid to be seen
Can synthesize cannabinoids and terpenes
Swell in size as they fill with oil
Sessile
Larger than bulbous (75 micrometers) but still hard to see with the naked eye
Develop early 3-week old plants
Stalked
Very large (500 micrometers) and can be seen with the naked eye
The ‘prized’ trichomes that appear during flowering
Most likely to get damaged
What We Are Looking At…
(A) An individual inflorescence, with majority of the organs covered in stalked glandular trichomes.
Arrow indicates cluster of calyces and bracts covered with trichomes.
(B) Dark field micrograph of stalked glandular trichomes protruding from calyx epidermis. Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites occurs in the secretory disk cells lining the base of the globular trichome head. The metabolites are stored in the clear subcuticular cavity above the secretory disk cells; this cavity will turn milky white to dark brown over the course of flower maturity.
(C) Graphic illustration of stalked glandular trichome structure
Color Differences of Trichomes
Clear- “Empty” not ready for harvest
Cloudy- Increased levels of cannabinoids and terpens
Amber- “Converting” in this stage desirable compounds may be changing to less desirable compounds
Can Pistils be Used?
Pistils can provide a quick guide, but it is the trichomes where the cannabinoids and terpenes are stored so this is the plant part that should be observed with attention to detail.
Traditional Method
Loupe
Works great and still recommended, but it is hard to share what is seen.
Max-see Camera Used
Compact handheld camera/microscope that can connect to an electronic device.
Actual Images from Class…
All of the following images were taken of the Abacus plants from class week 6-8 of flower with the help of a student’s Max-see camera.
Thanks Aaron!
Pistil Trichomes
While there are some trichomes that have developed on the pistils these are not the ones to focus on.
Not all trichomes contain the desirable compounds
The Brown/Amber color of the pistil is an indication that this flower is nearing harvest time, but it is the inspection of the trichomes that makes the final decision on when to harvest.
Close, But Not Yet…
Here the stalked capitate trichomes can be seen.
However, most are clear indicating it is a little early to harvest.
There is some initial cloudy trichomes, but the overall population must be taken into consideration.
Previously Clear Now Cloudy
This indicates an increase the amount of cannabinoids the plant is producing.
Notice Some Purple to the Stalks
This is based mainly on the genetics and not environmental factors, it is possible for the grower to enhance the color based on various plant stressors.
Temperature
Light spectrum
Light Intensity
Purple Concentration
The purple pigment is a sign of Anthocyanin production.
This water-soluble pigment is in a larger class of compounds known as flavonoids.
While anecdotal, some people report better symptom relief with anthocyanins.
Peak Cloudiness
This would be the earliest recommended harvest, but typically the goal is to see a few ambers before harvesting.
First Ambers Can Be Seen
Typically this marks the “optimum time” to harvest.
Link to Lecture Slides: drive.google.c...
*Due to the description character limit the full work cited for "Visual Trichome Evaluation o Determine Peak Harvest Time" can be viewed at... docs.google.co...
the work you put into these videos is just amazing. The most useful no bullshit advice. Literally all ive been searching for since starting. Every type of information should be presented this way.
Thanks for this, great to know you like the video format and content.
A fresh breath of air. Thanks so much for not dubbing in annoying, obnoxious, and distracting crappy-ass "music". Seems 99% of UA-cam posters rely on this trend to enhance their video's when in fact they are turning away viewers. And thanks to the professional, very informative video.
Guess that makes me in the top 1% ;-)
I‘m an outdoor grower and i‘m using a mix between a lens and old hippie guides from the 60‘s (true story) so i developed a feeling for the right time to harvest. Back in the days nobody had lenses so they kept an eye on flower threads, the smell and the leaves. When all threads are brown, the smell is getting very intensive/thick and the leaves turning yellow + getting dry, it‘s harvest time 🌿
Sounds like another way to determine harvest time for sure.
Not to sound negative, but maybe that's why weed was weaker then, either a hit or a miss. I was there, and some weed was killer, mind numbing and expanding at the same time, but, no doubt, weed is better now for whatever reason.
@@rogerthomas169 intense breeding
Germany growers thank you!
Happy growing over there
@@stayinganonymous.3172 its the best bro. surreallll stg
German growers
@@ickeberlin6364 war mein erster Gedanke, habe mich falsch entschieden. Danke
@@ickeberlin6364Was für'n Bildungssystem? 👀
I like these short videos focusing on a single subject. Easy to digest and you get exactly the information you need.
Thanks for all the work you put into your channel!
Growing your own Cannabis is just so much better than relying on dubious sources.
Thanks for sharing your comments, I had some that wanted longer videos so I generated some of that content, but will keep your idea for potential future videos.
Excellent information as always, thank you
You are welcome, please share the channel with others!
Best informative videos on the web, hard stop! Thank you sir!
Wow, thanks and be sure to share the channel with others!
I'm about a week away from my first harvest 😊 and this channel has been absolutely crucial in my success.
Happy to help and hope it will be a success for you!
Great video, thank you DeBacco. I would love to see a follow up video outlining and comparing cannabanoid type and concentration at each stage of tricome development and how it changes. Thanks again 🙏
Good idea, however based on some research it will vary based on variety and potential other environmental factors such as light intensity. Thanks for the video idea and also your channel subscription!
great as always
Thanks!
Thanks debacco and Aaron!
You are welcome!
señor e visto todos sus videos, gracias x el aporte q a echo a mi educación
Feliz de ayudar y gracias por compartir tu comentario.
I recommend that Max-see microscope. I've got one and it's more than what I expected for ~$30. Picture and video quality is nice and clear.
I have it as well. Simple and perfect magnification.
Seems to be easy to use and works well.
Amazing info and well explained. Best information videos !
This is much appreciated, please share the channel with others!
@@DeBaccoUniversity I prolly have sent over 50% of ur videos for sop’s and good examples for I’d/sop/IPM on many issues and solutions . Thanks for ur professional and well explained videos on such . Keep it up and always love every video u make
Always go to this channel for informative no nonsense information 😊😊
That is the goal of the channel!
Great to see you back
Hard to balance everything, but hope you have enjoyed the recent series of videos uploaded to the channel.
Great video, well explained!
You are welcome and thanks for the subscription!
Aaron the goat with the Loup-Cam clutch.
Nice to have people willing to share ideas and equipment.
Great timing
Nice when things work out.
Thank you for another straight forward on the money easy to follow video. I appreciate you and all you do. Thanks
That is the goal of the channel so good to know it is mission accomplished!
GREAT INFO .. THANKS FOR BEING MY TEACHER !
Our teacher. It is not about me or you. It about education so the plants remain healthy so they can grow medicine to help all.
Happy to be your teacher and appreciate the comment! Despite having many students always nice to know I can convey a personalized education feel to the videos.
❤ your information wouldn't never be able to have the money or time to hear the information thank for making thing simple for us new learners big thanks
Glad it was helpful!
This is my very first grow and I just harvested on your information
Great to know and hope it was a success!
Excellent video! I wonder how many graduate programs are out there researching cannabis cultivation...
Hopefully more each year!
Thanks for these great videos. Very helpful.
Nice to know the information is helpful!
It’s about that time! Closing in on harvest of the first grow
Best of luck!
New Debacco video dropped yes dear....
lol
Hope you like the content!
Great info!! That camera is gold. It’s what I have been using for a couple of seasons now. 👍🏻
It makes it easy to show that can easily be seen in a handheld loupe.
its like you're reading my mind.
just was I was looking for. harvest time
Nice to know the content is well timed!
Awesome time since it’s coming up on outdoor harvest time!
Hope it goes well!
I have been looking for a video just like this. Thank you for your efforts.
You are welcome and thanks for the subscription!
Good stuff. Don't forget us hash makers Doc we harvest earlly for better hash.
Why?
@@paulie6446 We take them down earlly for better flavor and quality.
@@tonypalmer8556 definitely agree the taste and flavour is ten times better, but is it not very racy? Couple of times I made early hash it was a bit panicky.Thanks for answering🙏
This is intended as a general guide, each grower can select the "best" time from here;-)
@@DeBaccoUniversity Way better than a general guide my friend.
Thank you once again for continually providing comprehensive information. If I may make a humble request: Deep dive into stressors/stimulates which can impact coloration/shade/opaqueness of trichomes. I have made the pure anecdotal observation that warmer temperatures generally bring a stronger milky sooner but also tend to amber quicker; I'm of the opinion this is a function of relative VPD and/or oxidization being stronger at higher temperatures. Many years ago (Mid 1990s) I had a plant grown in the midwest, from bagseed, mostly likely of Mexican origin which had light lavender pistils and slightly pinkish trichomes. It was not anything special otherwise but I have always wondered what brought about those beautiful, and clearly rare colorations. I'd sure love it if you ever have episodes regarding these things. Thanks Again for everything.
The increase in temperature would make maturation quicker which would help explain what you have observed. Another contributing factor would be light intensity which is why some growers do a select harvest as the ones with the most light exposure tend to ripen quicker. This is often welcomed by small growers to help space out the trim work needed.
Just found your channel and i just want to say thank you. The work you put into these to make them such clean polished videos is incredible.
Great to know you found the channel and find it helpful. Your subscription and letting others know about the channel is appreciated.
Brother… thank you soo much! New York appreciates your videos!
You are welcome New York!
Thank you so much for your attention to detail, presentation skills, and scientific knowledge. I really appreciate your work. I am a novice and come to you first and basically only for this kind of information. I tell other people about your site. I would humbly purchase and wear any T-shirts your organization puts out.
Thank you very much for passing on the word about the channel to others. At this current time there is no merch, but you are not the first to request this so it is on the list of consideration.
This made me feel like I was back in science class the way this is made……best science class ever
Happy to provide a class you want to attend;-)
Many thanks for the professional and easy eplanation for deeper knowledge
Happy to help!
Served with Passion 💚
Thanks!
Once me and a friend rolled a joint strictly filled with with pistils, and we got high.
Nice to see we were right, which make sense, why wouldent it protect the entire plant to some degree.
Always nice to have science to support your observations.
@@DeBaccoUniversity 100% fact, thanks for your time and work.
Prof, awesome as always! Your class is amazing, videos, and knowledge base are unrivaled. It was an honor to learn from you and be inspired to keep moving forward. 🎉
Much appreciated and be sure to tell others about the channel!
@DeBaccoUniversity everywhere I go, when people ask where I learned what I know, I point them directly to your channel. The wealth of knowledge you teach is a benefit to so many and it crosses all sorts of borders connecting industries to each other, it's hard not to pass that on. I, as well as many others, believe in you Professor and hope you continue to lead the way with integrity and professionalism!
Thanks alot
You are welcome!
This is great information. Nice explanation. Thanks
Glad it was helpful!
❤❤ the video!! This was a very interesting and informative to watch!! Thank you professor!!
Always happy to provide interesting and informative content!
Good work
Thank you so much 😀
Yea I use that max see it's great uu can save the pics to the phone and show your friends 😆
It is a nice tool, and thanks for the subscription!
Nice solid advice, Thanx from the adirondaks
No problem 👍
Thanks Prof. great job!
You are welcome!
a big thank you from germany keep up the good work :)
Thanks for watching from Germany!
Amazing video, thank you for all you do for the community for free. @Professor DeBacco
You (and others) are welcome!
thanks bro Very Helpful
You are welcome!
plants looking like this 5:55 . So exited lol fiorst grow
Best of luck with the rest of the process!
Nice video
Thanks!
YEEEESSSS BRUVA!!! ✌♥️💯🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧
I was commenting about this recently!!
MILKY TO ORANGE! 💯
Thanks!
thank you!
You are welcome!
Thanks
No problem.
Great info!
Thanks for watching!
Hi, I’m an outdoor grower and I’ve repeatedly seen flowers that look ripe due to a significant % of amber present, however a significant amount of buds themselves will be clearly underdeveloped after ripping the bud open and inspecting. This seems to be largely due to high variability in bud development across buds on the same single plant. Is this high variability common? Additionally, I have seen 10 plus % amber in combination with mostly clear trichomes. Any insights? Thank you in advance sir.
I also noticed this but i harvested because mold already is an issue in that stage here
Yes it's common, buds with the most light exposure will turn amber first. So this it the top most colas, and if outdoors also the southern side of the plant in the northern hemisphere. You can do what's called a progressive harvest and take those colas that are in the amber window. This will allow light to the rest and you can harvest those a week or two later.
This is likely due to the high light intensity from the sun causing the plant to protect itself with the amber color formation. Hope this helps.
Much appreciated
You are welcome!
My cellphone cam takes perfect photos of my trichomes if I set it on macro and get close to the buds. Then I expand the pictures and I can easily see the trichomes. It's actually easier than using the little microscope that connects to my phone. I have that too and it's not as stable for pics in the grow tent. I can get just as clear and close as the pictures in the video. So maybe try with your phone and see if you can get clear pictures on macro.
What about cultivars that skip the cloudy stage?
Should the indicator of the first ones turning amber still be used or is it better to wait for most to turn amber?
Start with a few amber and do a staggered harvest if possible and then you will know the answer for sure... as long as you label and keep track the different harvest times.
@@DeBaccoUniversity awesome, thanks!
thanks Professor, perfect timing for us New Englanders as harvest time approaches. Just an aside: can you share your educational backround ( ie-degree's and universities) just wondering, great content as usual.
Actual professor at more than one university, a few degrees with Ph. D. being the highest earned. Thanks for the subscription.
May harvest early just to avoid further mite damage. This heat has them thriving.
Yes. RadoShack lighted microscope, handcheld pocket version.
That can be effective for sure.
My newer Android phone takes great photos on its Macro setting. I use those pics to judge the trichs.
Another effective method.
❤❤🎉
Thanks!
Question: My 30X loupe was OK, but would a 60X loupe be better or as effective? I'm low key, frugal and probably not going to buy a microscope and I don't necessarily love my phone so I don't know about those magnifiers that can be attached to its lens.
That max-see cam was only like 60 bucks on Amazon. It goes to 1000x but recommend you get the stand. It also helps to clip off small sections of the flower for a more still shot. A small clipping here or there will not be missed but can provide great info.
There are handheld loupes that have both a 30x and a 60x so you can start here.
Thank You for all of your shared information.
Any time glad you liked the video.
I like your videos I'm surprised you did not mention that some varieties trichomes will never turn Amber
These tend to be a smaller % of the population.
Nice mate!!
I have transparent & cloudy & berstein trichomes at the same time?
I'm little bit confused... it's like 40% cloudy, 30% transparent & 30 % bernstein.
Wtf is wrong?😂
Sounds like harvesting is in your near future!
As usual, an excellent presentation! Is there any truth that harvesting when the trichomes are at different stages (clear vs cloudy vs amber) gives different type of high (head buzz vs sedative effect)?
Not that I know of, and thanks for the subscription!
NorCal ❤
Thanks NorCal!
nnnice !
TTThanks !
4:43 I have this. It works amazing! And crazy. Didn’t know you’re at UConn. I’m not far away. Maybe I’ll see you on a cannacticut hike?
I have been known to travel so no telling where you might find me;-)
Thank you a lot for such useful content! I've watched couple of your videos and they are very informative and useful. But as beginner I still find something a bit confusing. My 1st question is: in this video you are telling that first amber trichomes is the "optimum time" for harvest but in other videos I heard mentioning 20% of amber trichomes is the perfect time. So which statement is more correct?
my 2nd question is: growing outdoor in the greenhouse during last week I see web across flowers and remove it, also while checking with 60x microscope I can notice tiny bugs. How much should I be worried about it? is removing web mechanically is enough? Is there any better way of getting rid of them? Should I consider to harvest a bit earlier since all this "tiny spiders" issue?
Thank you a lot!
1: You are not likely to catch the first tichome so by time you see one there are likely more. Starting with the first sight is good as estimating 20% can be a challenge for some. So, if you do the first harvest at fist sight this is something that makes it easy to adjust earlier or later. Typically the 1-20% amber is the target range.
2: Likely spider mites, these can be a big issue see other videos on the channel for this issue.
do you look at the trichomes on the leaves or the bud...
Bud. Look at the colas and more than one cola
Bud trichomes just at cloudy stage as harvest ,leaves could be first before anything on the flowers not just the Top Bud's either focus on middle of the plant.
Focus on the area on the bud and thanks for the subscription!
Came here to learn about trichs stayed for the squirrel
Thanks for your attendance and subscription!
6:57 people are wetting their knickers for this stuff right now and I don't know why!
They try to keep that pink coloration in when they make the extracts!
This allows you to see it;-)
First of all thank you once again for the great video sir.I also use the same microscope that your student uses. But I find it difficult to focus on pistils while using the microscope. Should I search for trichomes on the sugar leaves instead? Or should I look for them directly on the bud/pistils?
Also when is the best time to start flushing,just by looking at the trichomes? Mine are 60 percent clear and 40 percent milky,should I start flushing ?
Trichomes determine peak harvest so that is where you should focus, with the greatest attention to the ones on the actual bud. Flushing can depend on the substrate you are using. Longest time for soil, shortest for hydroponics. Check the channel for more details on this process.
@@DeBaccoUniversity Thank you alot sir
It's been a long time
For what?
Thank you for the video!
I have six, 8 foot tall plants in an outdoor tent. They are a few weeks away from harvesting! So excited. It's legal in Ohio.
I feel the same way in Virginia. It's uplifting to know that the Orcs ultimately lose.
Best of luck and hope everything goes well!
The professor here makes no mention of the fact that when the plant is harvested greatly decides the effect it will have. Milky trikes will produce more of an up (sativa-like) high where pure amber will sit you on the couch with a bowl of ice cream. Personal value judgement on when to take them.
I find if the weed is cropped too early it gives me massive anxiety, I need that cropped late stuff! ✌♥️💯🇬🇧
Variety also has a large impact.
Would it be fair to say the first sign of any amber, harvest? I'm new to this particular strain. Kosher Kake.
That is a good starting point.
Worst part of it being legally some grower are just trying to get it to market asap so not ready for harvest and is not cured right. Then you get the grower trying to get more yield letting the overgrow way past harvest. Also been seeing more and more of the what i call baby seeds, not full seeds but very tiny pinhead size looking seeds everywhere.
Timing is important as well as knowing the grower and the product they are producing via testing.
Any advice on getting plants to finish quicker? My plants look doneish and then they sprout a whole new bud on top. I usually finish with a 12 hour cycle will lowering it to 11 help? Unfortunately I have no means to control temperature. I heard someone mention banana peels can trigger an quicker finish, something about the chemicals they outgas.
Good quality often takes time and patience.
am i right in thinking the tricomes on the leaves turn amber first but you want the tricomes on the flower to turn?
Focus on the flower trichomes;-)
Can you give a link to the exact camera model used for the pictures? :D 😊
It was not mine, so follow the general details in the slides to provide a general starting point.
Professor DeBacco, do you partake or do you just have an interest in this specific plant?
The goal is to provide quality education both online and in person when possible.
@@DeBaccoUniversity Well you certainly do that mate. Cheers from Australia, love your channel and content. 👍
Right before or at peak cloudiness for me
Use this as a general guide.
IS THERE A "TIME OF DAY" THAT IS BEST FOR HARVESTING ? I HAVE A PURPLE KUSH & KUSH CAKE OUTDOOR READY ON SUNDAY, WONDERING BEST TIME TO CUT'EM DOWN, I'VE HEARD JUST BEFORE DAYLIGHT IS BEST !
This will not have a large impact on the end product so it is growers choice.
@@DeBaccoUniversity WHAT IS YOUR TAKE ON MILK FOR SEPTORIA ? I HAVE 3 WITH A SLIGHT CASE OF IT WITH 4 WEEKS LEFT. ANY INFO WILL HELP
Just zoom in on the photo. No loupe or special camera necessary
This helps provide higher resolution and details.
🙂❤👍
Thanks!
Are the hours altered or consistent 12/12?
Thinking about experimenting with 14/10 to 10/14 over six weeks with certain strains or cultivars to see if it'll have an effect.
Trichomes never seem to turn cloudy, but always remain clear just like the garbage they sell at the stores.
Typically an 18/6 (lights on / dark) to a 12/12. What advantage does the altered photoperiod provide?
@@DeBaccoUniversity I'm not there yet
i have read for years that solid milky is too far, amber is way too far--i believe when they are just going to milky, they are supposed to be ready, and that you want to get them before they go to full-on milky/opaque. Somewhat clear/ghostly swirly milky and still just slightly translucent is probably best. When you reach amber, most the THC and other chemical components have broken down to simple sugars--way too far.
Do you have test results?
Grow your plants out for it's entire life cycle.
Think you need to have a better buzz... smoke another joint! 🤣
How do you determine the "end" of the life cycle?
Thank you very much. That was a very good video. It helped me out considerably again thank you.
You are welcome!
my soil ph is 6 ....my runoff is ph 4-5....plants are not responding..what do i need to do ?
You may want to run your additional nutrient solutions on the basic side to get things closer to neutral.
I thought the rule of thumb was. You wanted 75% of the plant to turn amber, before harvest .
It's personal preference, if you want weed that is more energetic (more anxiety) crop earlier, if you want weed that puts you to bed no matter how awake you feel, then leave it to go 75% Orange. Trichomes not Pistols by the way.
This can be variety dependent and 75% amber may be too late for some varieties.
Thanks yall, for the feed back
last picture "optimal" had many clear ones 😂
Good starting point at least, it would have been nice to let the flowers go a little longer, but the semester was ending.
...boy what did I look, inspect, check. Did every pre-harvest trick. Twice. Even flushed it with a cold german beer. But sweet, dear plantie refused to finish, all trichomes remained clear.
For me the best time to harvest was in this case? Exactly the moment when I lost patients.
Did the fan leaves die or fade early? Was it a pure sativa strain that can take up to 18 weeks? I need more information. One time I didn’t feed, I was a new grower, I sent pics all in the discord, nobody told me to feed it. That’s what it needed though. Because I’m always afraid of screwing up I have the tendency to do opposite of most growers. I used to under feed and under water. But yeah that time the fade came at the end of week 3, the trichomes didn’t really mature and the buds were pretty smalls
@natas12rm why you need more info's? You are a bit confused. As my comment indicated: The plant has been harvested. And it was a random strain from an Auto-Mix pack from Fastbuds. So it could have been any genetic from their portfolio.
And your Sativa confusion comes from the fact that breeders don't offer strains which need more than 18 weeks.
What is even scary: You give advice as comment but the video you commented on HAS all the answers.
Means: Your advice SHOULD have been to watch the educational video again. Which is a bit more valuable than a random comment.
Scary.
@@MrEiht also how can I buy chocolate Thai with a 16-18 week flower? Literally right now, but you got it bud… also he never addressed trouble shoots for issues with trichomes that won’t mature. You’re such a clown. Some poor guy out there asking for help in the comments somewhere will still be left in wonder because people ran into you. lol it don’t bother me man. I have 2 perpetual grows. I just thought because he didn’t address it and I had that problem when I started growing I’d help.
@@MrEiht and the fact it was an auto was the type of information I needed. But again have a nice day. You got this buddy
@natas12rm you are so sadly confused. Why do you ignore English words? There are Sativas which bloom way longer than just 18 weeks. YOU think 18 weeks is long. Because you are confused.
Even worse, a sativa-ish auto will bloom way longer than an indica-ish auto. Because simply knowing Ruderalis is in there is NO info at all. Yet you THINK this is an information, usable.
You are scarily confused and don't read properly.
My first grow was in 1995, so I seen some plants, and confused people.