WHAT IS X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (XRF) and the Applications of XRF in the Elemental Analysis of Artwork
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- Опубліковано 26 сер 2020
- WHAT IS X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (XRF) and the Applications of XRF in the Elemental Analysis of Artwork
In this video, we learn about X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, how XRF spectroscopy works, and how we can use XRF in cultural heritage. We learn how each element has a specific fingerprint in XRF analysis, which enables us to use XRF in art for the elemental analysis of artwork. Some of the applications of XRF in cultural heritage include the analysis of paintings, sculptures, mosaics, coins, etc. X-ray fluorescence can also be used for the XRF mapping of paintings, revealing the distribution of elements in paintings.
Comment below and let me know if you could analyze with XRF any object or site of cultural heritage, which one would you choose?
My blog post on "X-RAY FLUORESCENCE for the Elemental Analysis of Artwork": www.mariabaias.com/post/x-ray...
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Scientific research from the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York showcasing XRF mapping of paintings:
Van Gogh’s Irises and Roses: heritagesciencejournal.spring...
Johannes Vermeer’s Mistress and Maid: heritagesciencejournal.spring...
WHAT IS CULTURAL HERITAGE? And how can we preserve our world heritage through Science? • WHAT IS CULTURAL HERIT...
THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF TANGIBLE HERITAGE: from atoms to molecules to crystals • ATOMIC Structure and M...
WHAT IS THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM and Applications of Electromagnetic Waves to Cultural Heritage • WHAT IS THE ELECTROMAG...
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About me: My name is Maria Baias. I'm a scientist and a Sci-Fi/Fantasy writer. When I was working in academia, in my research, I use different scientific methods to study precious objects of cultural heritage, such as ancient mummies and bones, paintings, and violins. One of my scientific research projects involves developing a scientific method to identify fake paintings. I love our world heritage and I want to share with the world fascinating cultural heritage stories through my videos, my blog, and my novels.
#CulturalHeritage #HeritageScience #Science #scienceeducation #xrf
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Thank you for watching! I hope you enjoyed learning about my favorite scientific method, XRF, and its applications to cultural heritage.
You did a nice presentation. So cheerful. SUBSCRIBED
Thank you! I'm glad you liked it! And thanks for subscribing! 🙂
very intersting and informative videos mam love from pakistan
Thank you! I'm happy to hear you found it interesting.
Great explanation!
Thank you!
Wow! It's a Nice video!
Thanks for watching! I'm happy to hear you liked the video! 😊
Great video !
Thank you!
Very interesting!
Thank you!
XRF is a very fascinating method! I would love to see how XRF can be used to analyze many of the mosaics in Morocco. The culture around mosaics or as its locally named "Zellij" in Morocco is very fascinating, especially with many locations that are centered around this culture. I think it would be interesting to see how XRF can be used to analyze the materials used in creating this tangible heritage and even culture.
XRF would be very helpful in the analysis of mosaics as it can identify the pigments on the mosaics.
I can feel you are so passionate about it. Great job with the video. Love the content and your energy.
Thank you! I do love this method! Glad to hear you liked the video! 😊
I would love to apply the XRF method in analyzing the color paintings of the Korean palaces. As I have mentioned during class, a lot of Korean palaces were rebuilt after burning down, and I think it would be really amazing to see the differences between the materials used in the past and materials used to make the palace seem more realistic to the past palaces.
That would be very interesting to analyze and compare the pigments before and after restoration of the Korean palaces.
I would love to use the XRF in objects obtained from cultural heritage places around in Mexico. Using it in things like vases, daggers, arrows. Using XRF I would be able to see details about my ancestor's way of life which was very connected to the earth and their spirituality and knowing the materials they used for certain things could give me a lot of insight.
XRF would be very helpful in investigating the kind of objects you mentioned. Is there a specific object connected to the spirituality that you would like to analyze?
I would love to examine the ancient wall paintings at Lascaux cave, the oldest wall painting to have been discovered. There are hundreds of paintings that depict animals, and there are also handprints that the ancient painters left on the walls. It would be interesting to find out what kind of elements are present in the materials used to create those primitive versions of paint.
I would love to do some experiments in the Lascaux caves!
I am happy to watch you video. I would like to use this tool for rock art study.
XRF would be a very good method for studying rock art as it can help identify the pigments that were used for creating the art.
Hi Professor. This was really interesting to learn about. Back in Ethiopia, we have many ancient religious books that are stored in the museums as well as in Churches and Mosques. Most of these books use different colors in their writing. I would really like to see what material was used to create the ink using the XRF method.
XRF would be very helpful in the analysis of ink and identifying the elements that are present in the ink.
If I had the opportunity to use XRF in cultural heritage, I would want to use it to analyse the pottery samples in Taiwans National Palace Museum. There is a huge pottery collection in the National Palace Museum in Taiwan, and it is organised by the eras in which they were created. Although the collection ranges from the Dark Ages, Middle Ages, to Modern Times, I am more interested in analysing the pottery created in different Chinese dynasties. Because pottery making was big in ancient China, I would like to see how the composition of potteries differed between dynasties like the Shang, Zhou, Qin, Tang, Song, or Ming. Using XRF, I can see exactly which materials, and substances, and their proportions were used in making them. I am interested in possibly seeing whether or not these material choices correlated with their geographic location, climate, wealth, or even culture heritage - or, in addition, whether or not these material choices affected their longevity and strength. I think that there might be some interesting results that we can find using XRF in this application.
That would be such an interesting research project! XRF could be used to answer the questions you posed on the pottery materials. And what's great is that it's non-invasive, so all the pottery can be analyzed using XRF without damaging any of it.
Thank you! Would you ever consider doing a video about gamma-ray spectroscopy? I believe it is quite a similar process
I currently don't have planned additional videos on scientific methods because my current video focus is more on natural heritage and using science to understand interesting places on Earth.
This was a very interesting method to learn about! I would love to use XRF to analyze different types of natural environments, such as beaches, rainforests, or state parks. I would like to learn more about how we can use XRF to analyze a certain environments, such as studying the geology of the location, conducting soil surveys, and field analysis.
XRF is very useful in geological studies as it can help identify which elements are present in geological samples.
Nice✨️🤝🏻
Thank you!
Thanks a lot . It was editing. I am engineering student and I am searching for the practical applications of x-ray fluorescence method of analysis
X-ray fluorescence has lots of practical applications in cultural heritage.
This is indeed an amazing and exciting method! I would be really interested in using the XRF method in analyzing the paintings on the wall of Voroneț Monastery in Romania. This is well known about its unique and intense shade of blue used in the paintings on the walls inside and outside and I think it would be very interested to learn more about this cultural heritage from my country.
Me too!! We were actually discussing a possible collaboration with a friend on the artwork from the Moldavian monasteries.
I live near a city called Taxila which in ancient time was known as "Takshashila". It dates back to 5 century BCE and used to be the capital of the Gandharan empire. The UNESCO recognizes many ruins in Taxila as World Heritage Sites and the Taxila museum has protected some 1400 Gandhara-Era artifacts dates as old as the 1st century BC. However due to limited resources and technology, the history and importance of these artifacts remain unknown to this day. By using XRF, I will be able to see important details about the making of these artifacts which include coins, statues. Furthermore, the cultural and spiritual importance of the materials used to Buddhists of that era can also be explored. The possibilities of what can be found are endless when the proper resources are used.
This is very interesting and thanks to you sharing about Taxila, I've just learned that the Mahayana branch of Buddhism took shape there. I'm learning Buddhism now and I love learning new details.
I am most interested in seeing the results of XRF in Van Gogh's art. His art to me is quite colorful and has a unique art style compared to other artwork completed in his time. That said, it would be interesting to find the composition of the plethora of dyes Van Gogh used in his paintings to even further appreciate the complexity and amount of dyes he used to compliment everything and ultimately create his famous colorful paintings.
Have you checked the two papers listed in the video description? Those are studies done by scientists at the Met on Van Gogh's paintings and they show really beautiful XRF maps recorded on Van Gogh's paintings.
I would love to use the XRF technique on stained glasses of very old churches. I admire the beautiful colors of them and it would be interesting to find out what kind of elements are present to create those magnificent hues. I heard that nanoparticles of some elements were used so they are different in color than the commonly known colors - such as gold nanoparticles being some other color like red!
I agree with you - the stained glasses in old churches are so beautiful and worth investigating, especially if we use non-invasive methods like XRF.
Origami artists use many different kinds of paper for their work, from washi, to wenzhou, to double tissue. I think it would be really interesting to use XRF to see how the elemental make up of each kind of paper is different.
While the question is interesting, this might be a bit challenging as XRF has problems detecting lighter elements, only some of the more specialized instruments have that capability under specific measurement conditions.
I am also very interested in using the XRF technology to analyse ceramic samples. For example, when blue and white porcelain was first created, they were decorated with this extremely rare cobalt blue pigment from Persia. Chinese blue and white porcelains created in the successive dynasties showed different shades of blue because local pigments were later introduced, and the firing technique also changed. When the visual vocabulary of blue and white was communicated to different regions of the world (such as modern-day Iran, the Netherlands, and Japan), different pottery centres made their own formula for the blue decorations based on what was available. I would like to know if the elements used in these glazes and their concentration are different.
That would be a very interesting application of XRF in search for differences/similarities between the blue pigments.
I would love to apply the XRF method to Dunhuang grottoes art. It is a classic art heritage of great value combining architecture, sculpture, and mural in China. It would be interesting to know what kind of pigments and paints were applied to this magnificent art space which was praised as the biggest museum of fine arts in the world.
XRF would be very helpful with this and could help identify so many different pigments that were used there.
I really enjoyed this video a lot. it was super informative! do you have any further information on the topic, especially on the topic of spectroscopy of paintings?
Thank you! I'm happy to hear you enjoyed it. Some of the other videos I have on my channel are about other spectroscopic methods that we can use to study art and the paintings structure video talks about the different methods we can use to access different layers of a painting. I'll definitely be making more videos in the future related to the application of different spectroscopic methods to paintings.
Unlike the ICP which is destructive analysis.. the XRF is clean and easy tool for elemental analysis.. it only tells you what elements in there.. but doesn't tell you which compound.. to do so you have to do XRD analysis combined with SEM analysis.. the one she explained was ED-XRF, but there is WD-XRF which is more powerful and gives better resolution.. unlike the ED, the WD-XRF requires sample preparation, such as powder pellets, or fused beads for solids.. the ED-XRF is handgun like, and it is much much cheaper than the WD-XRF.. even the spectrum for each is different where the WD-XRD has relative intensity on the y axis.. I tried to make it as easy as possible for the normal person to understand..
Hello Madam... I'm women, working with gold testing XRF. is it bad for me.? What amount of intensity of radiation does XRF have?
jumping jack lol