To see subtitles in other languages: Click on the gear symbol under the video, then click on "subtitles." Then select the language (You may need to scroll up and down to see all the languages available). --To change subtitle appearance: Scroll to the top of the language selection window and click "options." In the options window you can, for example, choose a different font color and background color, and set the "background opacity" to 100% to help make the subtitles more readable. --To turn the subtitles "on" or "off" altogether: Click the "CC" button under the video. --If you believe that the translation in the subtitles can be improved, please send me an email.
Sadly, a lot of young viewers don't understand some complicated words in the video because their first language isn't English, and there are no subtitles for their native language. I'm one of them... From Slovenia
@@frankynakamoto2308 No sadly, we don't have the technology to visualize that yet, it is as of right now, explained by the laws of quantum physics, and we are unable to visually see it happening under any microscope.
I sincerely hope you have found a way to license these videos to universities and colleges for teaching purposes. They are so much more effective than the traditional tools used in most institutions.
"The BIG Bang-Bit Bang inflation/expansion of energy and information into the void 13.8 billion years ago was a supermassive white hole spawned by a supermassive black hole at the heart of a galaxy in our ‘parent universe‘. This duality combines general relativity’s singularities of infinite density in a ‘Cosmic Egg’ birth of this and all baby universes within ‘The Conglomerate‘: multiverse without random bubble universes and parallel worlds. “In the beginning”, the Planck density of the center of a SBH acts as a birth canal. SBH-SWH seed transition stages are ‘quantum tunneling umbilical wormholes‘ with energy-matter and data transformed/transferred, albeit scrambled and encoded. Our Universe is 1-in-2 trillion ‘self-similar offspring‘ each with the same inherited physical laws (‘DNA’). This simple cause-and-effect cycle/‘circle of life‘ - birth-life-death-transformation-rebirth - explains both infinite space and eternity. Reproduction is Nature’s simplest plan for spreading life for everything from cells to universes." - Seal #1a of the "7 Seals" revealed as 'Beyond Einstein Theories'; see 7seals.blogspot.com . This has triggered The Apocalypse/Revelation.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky can you please tell us your physics background? what country are you from? how did you get into physics and what university did you study at and what you currently do
In video games, if the barrier is too thin, objects can move through it without colliding if they're small&fast enough, because movement IS discrete teleportation in video games.
+Farzher That depends. In some games, it's certainly the case, and it will always happen if they only way you check for collision is to check each frame whether a barrier and the object intersect. However, there are ways to get around that; you could look at the object's velocity and see if it's either intersecting with the barrier, or will be on the other side of the barrier in the next frame. Another strategy is to keep track of where objects were the last frame, and see if the object either currently intersects a barrier, or was on the other side of the barrier in the last frame.
now I know why I was able to run through walls and even outside the 'dungeon' in Morrowwind after using the intelligence potion exploit to gain super speed.
You can help translate this video by adding subtitles in other languages. To add a translation, click on the following link: ua-cam.com/users/timedtext_video?ref=share&v=RF7dDt3tVmI You will then be able to add translations for all the subtitles. You will also be able to provide a translation for the title of the video. Please remember to hit the submit button for both the title and for the subtitles, as they are submitted separately. Details about adding translations is available at support.google.com/youtube/answer/6054623?hl=en Thanks.
@@RubberJunk1 Essentially, yes. Asking exactly where the particle is, though, is like asking which side a die is on before it hits the table. You can't really ask where a particle is-you can only ask how likely it is that we see it somewhere.
This implies a continued functionality of a similar resistance and similar continuance in all areas of particle physics, just a small nudge in either field can show remarkable behavioral change when the atmosphere of the given area is subjected to gravitational, Thermal or photaic change. Amplitude of a frequency generated by particles during emission and transference is not changed by the reflection of the wave, one wonders how a given barrier could be the conduit for observable change of the function. Thank you for this, it carries a message for those working in discerning the energy in fractal sound waves and the response of photons during bombardment.
'Quantum tunneling umbilical wormhole' explains the seed transition of the supermassive black hole in the heart of our 'parent galaxy' in our 'parent universe' spawning the BIG Bang-Bit Bang/supermassive white hole of this Universe. - part of Seals #1a The Conglomerate - Universe Creation Theory; see 7seals.blogspot.com
Liquids gases and plasma move in observable wave functions. Wave functions are common observations. A mathematical constructs that has never been observed is dark matter and dark energy
@@elshroomness In Quantum Physics, we use a wavefunction to mathematically represent properties about probabilities of particles, but this wave is not 'real' like sound or light wave. The particle still assumes some discrete value for physical properties (i.e position, momentum) that we guess the likelyhood of through this wavefunction.
Chopin, Bach, and quantum mechanics. A wonder to inspire the mind. Thank you for posting this video and its interesting graphical representation of the wave function.
Quantum tunneling does in fact have an analogy in electromagnetism. If you position two optical fibers very close to each other, the light may tunnel from one fiber to the other without actually trespassing the barrier (total internal reflection) between them. This is due to the evanescent wave that travels just outside of the fiber's core and stimulates the generation of light in the core of the other fiber.
Yes, that is correct. At least until we observe the particle. The moment we observe it, the probability for the particle's state collapses to just one option.
Thanks for the reply. Your answer leads to my next question... As I understand it, the fusion process in the Sun relies on quantum tunneling in order to have it even occur at all. Now, if a hydrogen nucleus is quantum tunneling to cause the fusion, isn't the atom both fusing and not fusing at the same time (just like Schroedinger's cat is both alive and dead at the same time)? Yet, the fusion is certainly occurring, as it releases energy. And if this tunneling atom is now both fused and not fused, has this not created matter (the atom both became part of a helium nucleus via fusion, and it also remained a hydrogen nucleus). This seems like matter has been created out of nothing.
tscoffey1 It is even weirder than that: There is a probability that the fusion of nuclei will/will not occur within a given time and location. It can’t be said to have occurred [ become “actualized”] until a “measurement-observation” is made; for instance when you see a photon from the sun bouncing off a flower into your eye. Those “probable photons” from the probable nuclear fusion potentially streaming into your eye and being possibly absorbed by molecules in your retina which then potentially causes a cascade of probable events leading to a potential electro-chemical impulse moving down the optic nerve into your brain thereby possibly triggering an avalanche of chemical reactions and further electro-chemical impulses between vast networks of neurons until perhaps your brain records the sensation-perception of light. The same said probable photon waves are also streaming outward in every direction through the universe and being possibly reflected or potentially absorbed or not. The point here being that it is not meaningful to say that the fusion event has even taken place until the result of it, production of photons and helium nuclei, have somehow been irreversibly “recorded” by the macroscopic state of the universe. Until this macroscopic alteration has taken place it is not meaningful to speak of what has yet happened- there is no “cause” until there is an “effect”. Why we perceive such a consistent and predictable macroscopic world is due to the vast number of particles involved and that the probabilities are heavily “weighted” into predicable forms. It is possible that the sun could stop shining for a moment but the odds against that are so minuscule [There is no word for how small the chances are.] that chances are [ha ha] that event will never take place but there is nothing in the laws of physics to prevent that non-event from [not] happening. In fact the laws of Quantum Physics specify that there is a chance of it happening. The universe appears to be a great casino 🎰 and one doesn’t know if they’ve hit a jackpot until the money 💰 is in the bank.
>>---------------------> That barrier represents my wife's eardrums. Sometimes particles get through, sometimes they don't. It depends on how dense she is at the time.
@Saprioof It can very easily be a wall. If it has a sufficiently strong electric field to interact with such particle. Or wave... It's complicated... ok?
As an electrical engineering student studying Zener Diodes, I can really appreciate this explanation. The way it is presented to the students is as if the electron is a ball. However, last time I checked, an electron is a probabilistic wave function. This was easy to understand and quick enough for me to get back to my studies without being distracted. Thanks!
On the quantum level, tunneling means getting over some potential barrier, which is different from a wall for instance, a particle either goes trough or not, but does not bounce off a barrier. Some particles gather enough energy to cross the barrier.
Is this why highly stable products may still decay even if it takes a very long time? Like plastic for instance. It's a solid and maybe can sublimate to a gas and even microplastics because they're is still vibration occurring (kinetic energy) and particles tend to want to isolate themselves in our universe as all things are expanding away from each other. Maybe that's not quantum mechanics that I'm describing. It definitely behaves like how entropy would work though.
+theproplady Right. Protons repel each other, but can overcome that barrier through quantum tunneling, hence there can be much fusion of them in stars.
Tesla and prior to him, over 100 years ago, said and it was accepted, that there is an Ether that permeates the entire universe, including a lot of it feeding into the Sun. Tesla said, the Sun uses that energy during fusion of H into He. .......... Einstein and modern physics say, no there is no Ether. So, in order for fusion to take place, the fusion process must get its energy from inside the protons of H. Modern physics says the Sun doesn't get hot enough to refuse the protons back together after it extracts the energy. So instead of excepting that fact that many experiments verify the existence of the Ether, they invented Quantum Tunneling to explain how the necessary energy tunnels out of the protons to complete the process and maybe tunnels back in when it is done, thereby bypassing the need to break and refuse the nucleus. They can't admit that Tesla was right.
^ Bullcrap, quantum tunneling simply follows from the uncertainty principle and the fact that time and energy do not commute. (If you look at very small time intervals Δt, then ΔE must be large, which allows protons to borrow energy for brief moments of time.) If quantum tunneling doesn't exist, quantum mechanics is wrong in almost its entirety.
MB, no Quantum Mechanics is not entirely wrong. What is wrong is what causes the waves functions. Many have studied the atomic structure and concluded that the electrons cannot stay in their orbitals by themselves. Ether is simply dipole particles of energy (photons at equilibrium.) "The Ether permeates everything in the universe." Around every electron in the atomic structure is a magnetic field comprised of photons set up around it. Those photons create a magnetic field that keep the electrons in their distinct orbital. Those waves are caused by the photons around the electron, not the electron. The wave function comes from them, and the math is the same. Quantum is caused by the particle nature of the photons already around the electrons. It takes a quanta of energy to knock one of those photons loose from its magnetic field, they do not come out of the electron. I.E the difference is that we don't need particles popping out of other dimensions or energy tunneling in or out of the nucleus. Uncertainty comes from the fact that we disturb the ether as why try to detect the electron or other charged particles.
This is an excellent explanation, it actually really helped me further understand it. I've watched a lot of videos about quantum tunneling, but they just explain what it is, not how and why it works.
Great video as always! I love being able to visualize concepts, especially quantum mechanics, since it gets difficult to understand intuitively. Just wondering, could you do a video about quantum mechanics applications in electrical engineering: Resonant tunneling diodes, tunneling transistors, Qubits and Quantum Computing?
So here we are really talking about the localised effect in a quantum field (QFT) and the barrier is an energy barrier in another field. This means it's quite possible for a portion of the wavelet to appear on the other side of the barrier just as it's possible for single shake of a rope to have some portion pass though something holding it at the other end with various strengths.
So basically it's the chance that a quarter step intersects with the barrier and a collision check succeeds. We live in a simulation and it was coded by Nintendo.
Yet another epic physics video from Eugene Khutoryansky. You take the complex abstract concepts and break them down into simple visual representations.
To Eugene Khutoryansky, Assuming that the particle may move in any direction at any moment, e.g. upward, downward, or in the opposite direction. How can we calculate the probability of its location when it may be found in a 360 degrees spread, which may equal to its original position's potential before it starts its next move & create another different amplitude??? Thank you very much for your wonderful, clear 3D mobile representation of the changing amplitude, but can we assume that the direction of the moving particle doesn't change??? Please help me understand it better, I'll be most grateful!!!
A practical example of quantum tunneling with a barrier are transistors. A transistor works by switching on and off an electric field gate that allows electrons to pass through in order to calculate. However as the transistors become smaller and smaller to fit more of them on a chip, so does the gate. Now we're at the point where the gate has become so small that electrons starts to leak through the gate via quantum tunneling, causing data errors. This isn't something that affects your current computer of course, but engineers are now facing major difficulties to further improve the performance for future processors.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky trying to interpret this, is it a consequence of Heisenberg Uncertainty? Could it be due to the uncertainty of the particle's initial energy, or momentum, to break through the barrier? The reduction in magnitude of the wave function across a barrier would then be an expression of a it being very unlikely to possess enough energy/momentum to get through, right?
This video was absolutely amazing. You got my subscription with this one and I'm sharing this on various forms of social media so that other people have the opportunity to see what it is that you are creating and to enjoy it as well. Thank you.
Very nice. You discuss the effect of having a thicker/thinner barrier on the amount of tunneling. I wish you would also discuss the effect of the mass of the particle (light = more tunneling, heavy = less tunneling). This is important to illustrate isotopic effects on reaction kinetics.
Dear Eugene Khutoryansky , Thanks very much for you great explanation about quantum tunneling and other physics videos of yours , they are all very clear and helpful
Thanks for the compliment. I understand that not everyone is able to donate, and thanks for sharing my channel. Sharing my channel and encouraging people to subscribe is one of the best ways people can help my efforts. Thanks.
Ok I see with this diagram I understand how a power partial packet moves down along a conductor, & the electrons oscillates vibrating but nut moving down the wires. Makes sense now, thank you
This is great, but in reality isn't the "barrier" also another wave function? I mean, it can't be a solid block like that because it has to be made of particles, and they all have a wave function, right? Would have been nice to see that explanation, and how the two wave functions would interact.
Very fascinating! I'm still quite confused on how all this is possible but i guess we all feel that way when it comes to quantum physics. In any case, this video helped me immensely, and i'm finally starting to understand these phenomena a bit better :). Thank you!
I'm only in Physics 1 which is a mix of old Physics AB in highschool , This stuff Is fascinating especially when relating it to what I know in Calculus
there is a huge problem with the diagram - that there is no true wall, if we are at the level of a wave or photon then there is no wall but giant holes or other atoms and since most of space with in atoms and between atoms is empty space then there is no wall but lots of empty space and I can see how tunneling can take place between these giant gaps
Each barrier we set up, the particle has less and less probability to make it through to the other side, the wave function loses energy. Energy loss is equal to probability loss? beautiful video.
Really well-done graphics...both style/informative-wise. It's almost too good in that it could leave the viewer thinking "Ok...got it...that makes sense." No, it doesn't make sense. There's simply no way to truly describe classically what's happening here...and that's true even despite the existence of this video. That it happens, however, is indisputable. And be thankful for that. Quantum tunneling is why we have sunshine.
I think ik what causes this, there is a small gap in time that allows the particle to travel through? Meaming the magnetic feild of both of them must match up for particle to pass through. Basically oscillating magnetic feilds. Its the only idea that comes to mind. There must be a hole in the barrier allowing passage of particle, and if there a whole time is involved, and an electric barrier does have a magnetic feild because electricity and magnetism are tied together. And if they must line up it must mean the magnetic feids of the particle and the barrier are spinning around each other.. Idk maybe im wrong but what else would make sense... So if i wanted to send steel through lead i would have to alternate the steels magnetic feilds to allow it to pass through the lead, but it would require a vast amount of strength and at the right speed
But does the barrier have a wave function itself? And if It does,does this wave function have a role in the probability of passing/not passing of the particle?
It would seem that if the amplitude of the waveform is attenuated in passing through the barrier, then the particle is at a lower energy state. Since the probability of the particle is the square of the amplitude of the wave function, after passing through the barrier, the particle has less probability of occupying locations and has therefore decreased in volumetric size. Quantum tunneling reduces the probability of the particle occupying all locations on the waveform past the energy barrier.
+John Doe, the energy is related to the frequency, not the amplitude. We have a lower probability of the particle being present after the barrier, but this doesn't mean that the particle has less energy after the barrier.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Correct. I forgot, E = h * nu., where "h" is Planck's constant and nu is frequency. Thank you for reminding me of Sophomore level high school physics. So for massless particles like photons in a vacuum, c = nu * lambda, where "c" is the speed of light, nu is frequency and lambda is wavelength. So E = h * ( c / lambda). So the energy is inversely proportional to wavelength. Now how do I relate wavelength to amplitude? As the amplitude attenuates, does the wavelength remain constant? You reduce the contribution of some of the harmonic components to modify a wave form. But in the case of quantum tunneling assume equal attenuation of all harmonic components. There has to be some affect on energy when you attenuate wave amplitude, unless amplitude is merely the square root of the probability of a particle being at a certain location.
+John Doe In Quantum Mechanics. Particles can only have certain energy states between which they jump. In the time independent Schroedinger Equation used to calculate atomic orbitals, energy is the proportionality constant between a particle's waveform function and the result of the Hamiltonian Operator applied to waveform function. So a particle's waveform function does not have an amplitude in units of energy. But the Hamiltonian operator applied to a particle's wave form divided by the wave form function gives units of energy. For the time dependent Schroedinger's equation, Planck's constant multiplied by the partial derivative of a particle's wave form function multiplied by the imaginary number is equal to the Hamiltonian operator applied to the particle's wave form function. I think the Hamiltonian operator introduces units of energy and the particle's wave form function has a unit less amplitude. Interesting, I completely forgot about calculating electron orbitals.
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Sadly, a lot of young viewers don't understand some complicated words in the video because their first language isn't English, and there are no subtitles for their native language. I'm one of them... From Slovenia
If you want to help add subtitles in a language that I don't already have, please send me an email. Thanks.
Is there any video that actually shows it in real life, with real particles
@@frankynakamoto2308 No sadly, we don't have the technology to visualize that yet, it is as of right now, explained by the laws of quantum physics, and we are unable to visually see it happening under any microscope.
@@garrettwilson3032 is there any time frame of when this Quantum Tunneling can or could be recording with video in real life?
I sincerely hope you have found a way to license these videos to universities and colleges for teaching purposes. They are so much more effective than the traditional tools used in most institutions.
+Fraser MacDonald, thanks. All colleges and universities can show all of my videos simply by playing the UA-cam videos in their class.
+Fraser MacDonald "More effective", I strongly agree with you.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky i do that to my students with more than great results . thanks from egypt
Right on!
I completely agree!
Shalom
Musical pieces are Chopin's prelude in e minor and bach's prelude in c major, from the well tempered clavier book i.
gracias
That music is so sweet, I cannot concentrate on what she’s saying.
Victor P. Thank you
Muchas gracias || Thank you very much. : 'D
Oo
You are the only one giving mathematical and conceptual understanding to physics concepts accessible to the laymen. You sir are invaluable.
"The BIG Bang-Bit Bang inflation/expansion of energy and information into the void 13.8 billion years ago was a supermassive white hole spawned by a supermassive black hole at the heart of
a galaxy in our ‘parent universe‘. This duality combines general relativity’s singularities of infinite density in a ‘Cosmic Egg’ birth of this and all baby universes within ‘The Conglomerate‘: multiverse without random bubble universes and parallel worlds. “In the beginning”, the Planck density of the center of a SBH acts as a birth canal. SBH-SWH seed transition stages are ‘quantum tunneling umbilical wormholes‘ with energy-matter and data transformed/transferred, albeit scrambled and encoded. Our Universe is 1-in-2 trillion ‘self-similar offspring‘ each with the same inherited physical laws (‘DNA’). This simple cause-and-effect cycle/‘circle of life‘ - birth-life-death-transformation-rebirth - explains both infinite space and eternity. Reproduction is Nature’s simplest plan for spreading life for everything from cells to universes." - Seal #1a of the "7 Seals" revealed as 'Beyond Einstein Theories'; see 7seals.blogspot.com .
This has triggered The Apocalypse/Revelation.
@@BradWatsonMiami however, minutephysics believes that the "big bang" is not a big bang but an everywhere stretch in an expanding infinite universe
If you like this video, you can help more people find it in their UA-cam search engine by clicking the like button, and writing a comment. Thanks.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Great as usual.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky can you please tell us your physics background? what country are you from? how did you get into physics and what university did you study at and what you currently do
+zohim chandani He's an electrical engineer. He was born in Russia and raised in USA, I think.
+zohim chandani Google his name.
Nick Name I agree except that Discovery Channel isn't shitty imo.
Very nice! The animated wave functions helped me visualize what was going on, which made this video refreshing to watch. 😊
Thanks.
In video games, if the barrier is too thin, objects can move through it without colliding if they're small&fast enough, because movement IS discrete teleportation in video games.
+Farzher That depends. In some games, it's certainly the case, and it will always happen if they only way you check for collision is to check each frame whether a barrier and the object intersect. However, there are ways to get around that; you could look at the object's velocity and see if it's either intersecting with the barrier, or will be on the other side of the barrier in the next frame. Another strategy is to keep track of where objects were the last frame, and see if the object either currently intersects a barrier, or was on the other side of the barrier in the last frame.
+GreenJalapenjo that's true. "raycasting" is the common technique.
It was just an interesting note, not meant to be an analogy or anything
So true! This is why I have at first thought of quantum tunneling as "a glitch in the universe".
now I know why I was able to run through walls and even outside the 'dungeon' in Morrowwind after using the intelligence potion exploit to gain super speed.
Farzher No-clipping ?
A wonderful visualization of one of the key concepts of quantum mechanics!
+Pär Johansson, thanks. I am glad you liked it.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky, how did you create the visualization? what visualization software did you use? Thank you.
@@jayson224 Eugene makes his 3D animations with Poser.
You can help translate this video by adding subtitles in other languages. To add a translation, click on the following link:
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You will then be able to add translations for all the subtitles. You will also be able to provide a translation for the title of the video. Please remember to hit the submit button for both the title and for the subtitles, as they are submitted separately.
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Thanks.
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Does this mean the particle exists on both sides of the barrier at the same time until we observe it?
@@RubberJunk1 Essentially, yes.
Asking exactly where the particle is, though, is like asking which side a die is on before it hits the table. You can't really ask where a particle is-you can only ask how likely it is that we see it somewhere.
This implies a continued functionality of a similar resistance and similar continuance in all areas of particle physics, just a small nudge in either field can show remarkable behavioral change when the atmosphere of the given area is subjected to gravitational, Thermal or photaic change. Amplitude of a frequency generated by particles during emission and transference is not changed by the reflection of the wave, one wonders how a given barrier could be the conduit for observable change of the function. Thank you for this, it carries a message for those working in discerning the energy in fractal sound waves and the response of photons during bombardment.
You repeated yourself at 3:52.
'Quantum tunneling umbilical wormhole' explains the seed transition of the supermassive black hole in the heart of our 'parent galaxy' in our 'parent universe' spawning the BIG Bang-Bit Bang/supermassive white hole of this Universe. - part of Seals #1a The Conglomerate - Universe Creation Theory; see 7seals.blogspot.com
Amazing visualizations and simplifications of the most difficult concepts, helped me gain great intuition in many of these subjects. Thanks:)
It's necessary to point out that wavefunction isn't a observable.
biologist here, what does it mean for a wave function to be an observable.
It’s actually debated whether or not the wave function is real or just a mathematical construct
Liquids gases and plasma move in observable wave functions. Wave functions are common observations. A mathematical constructs that has never been observed is dark matter and dark energy
@@elshroomness In Quantum Physics, we use a wavefunction to mathematically represent properties about probabilities of particles, but this wave is not 'real' like sound or light wave. The particle still assumes some discrete value for physical properties (i.e position, momentum) that we guess the likelyhood of through this wavefunction.
@@brandonklein1 Is it dumb to think they are imaginary in our reality but real in the quantum field?
Chopin, Bach, and quantum mechanics. A wonder to inspire the mind. Thank you for posting this video and its interesting graphical representation of the wave function.
incredibly good video. These series are changing my perspective on quantum physics, and teaching me more than I ever learned in any physics lecture.
Quantum tunneling does in fact have an analogy in electromagnetism. If you position two optical fibers very close to each other, the light may tunnel from one fiber to the other without actually trespassing the barrier (total internal reflection) between them. This is due to the evanescent wave that travels just outside of the fiber's core and stimulates the generation of light in the core of the other fiber.
Very informative! I also love the fact, you showed the particles in a 3D waveform!
Thanks.
GREAT video!
disturbing and distracting music but still very very awesome.
the way the narrator explains is also very clear and free of ambiguity.
Very well explained. Even I was able to understand it!
Thanks.
You all made this so easy to understand. Thank you so much!
Thanks.
Doesn't the particle actually do both - bounce off *AND* pass through the barrier, according to quantum uncertainty?
Yes, that is correct. At least until we observe the particle. The moment we observe it, the probability for the particle's state collapses to just one option.
Thanks for the reply. Your answer leads to my next question...
As I understand it, the fusion process in the Sun relies on quantum tunneling in order to have it even occur at all. Now, if a hydrogen nucleus is quantum tunneling to cause the fusion, isn't the atom both fusing and not fusing at the same time (just like Schroedinger's cat is both alive and dead at the same time)? Yet, the fusion is certainly occurring, as it releases energy. And if this tunneling atom is now both fused and not fused, has this not created matter (the atom both became part of a helium nucleus via fusion, and it also remained a hydrogen nucleus). This seems like matter has been created out of nothing.
tscoffey1 matter, and dark matter bro, u answered ur own question, nice job einstein
tscoffey1 It is even weirder than that: There is a probability that the fusion of nuclei will/will not occur within a given time and location. It can’t be said to have occurred [ become “actualized”] until a “measurement-observation” is made; for instance when you see a photon from the sun bouncing off a flower into your eye. Those “probable photons” from the probable nuclear fusion potentially streaming into your eye and being possibly absorbed by molecules in your retina which then potentially causes a cascade of probable events leading to a potential electro-chemical impulse moving down the optic nerve into your brain thereby possibly triggering an avalanche of chemical reactions and further electro-chemical impulses between vast networks of neurons until perhaps your brain records the sensation-perception of light. The same said probable photon waves are also streaming outward in every direction through the universe and being possibly reflected or potentially absorbed or not.
The point here being that it is not meaningful to say that the fusion event has even taken place until the result of it, production of photons and helium nuclei, have somehow been irreversibly “recorded” by the macroscopic state of the universe. Until this macroscopic alteration has taken place it is not meaningful to speak of what has yet happened- there is no “cause” until there is an “effect”. Why we perceive such a consistent and predictable macroscopic world is due to the vast number of particles involved and that the probabilities are heavily “weighted” into predicable forms. It is possible that the sun could stop shining for a moment but the odds against that are so minuscule [There is no word for how small the chances are.] that chances are [ha ha] that event will never take place but there is nothing in the laws of physics to prevent that non-event from [not] happening. In fact the laws of Quantum Physics specify that there is a chance of it happening.
The universe appears to be a great casino 🎰 and one doesn’t know if they’ve hit a jackpot until the money 💰 is in the bank.
@@clieding I liked reading this. Thank you.
>>---------------------> That barrier represents my wife's eardrums. Sometimes particles get through, sometimes they don't. It depends on how dense she is at the time.
Boomer
-COLOMBIANCHANNEL-TM uh how?
-COLOMBIANCHANNEL-TM bitch that’s not a reason. It’s called being on the app when you replied you fuckin dipshit
it is beyond physics bro...science fails to explain the nature of a wife.
surearrow I can say the same about my husband.
what is the barrier made of? protons, electrons, neutrons, or emptiness; which one?
The barrier is an electric field.
Thanks.
A potential barrier.
@Saprioof It can very easily be a wall. If it has a sufficiently strong electric field to interact with such particle. Or wave... It's complicated... ok?
As an electrical engineering student studying Zener Diodes, I can really appreciate this explanation. The way it is presented to the students is as if the electron is a ball. However, last time I checked, an electron is a probabilistic wave function. This was easy to understand and quick enough for me to get back to my studies without being distracted.
Thanks!
+6thHorseMan, glad you liked my explanation. Thanks.
I am very impressed with how the wave function spirals like that on the graph.
This is one of the most beautiful videos on youtube. Thank you Eugene
Thanks for the compliment.
On the quantum level, tunneling means getting over some potential barrier, which is different from a wall for instance, a particle either goes trough or not, but does not bounce off a barrier. Some particles gather enough energy to cross the barrier.
Is this why highly stable products may still decay even if it takes a very long time? Like plastic for instance. It's a solid and maybe can sublimate to a gas and even microplastics because they're is still vibration occurring (kinetic energy) and particles tend to want to isolate themselves in our universe as all things are expanding away from each other. Maybe that's not quantum mechanics that I'm describing. It definitely behaves like how entropy would work though.
These animations are awesome. Thanks for the great work, Eugene.
+BoIoko, thanks. I am glad that you like my animations.
Thanks Eugene for your outstanding informative videos.
Thanks.
Quantum Tunneling is what keeps the sun shining, right?
+theproplady Right. Protons repel each other, but can overcome that barrier through quantum tunneling, hence there can be much fusion of them in stars.
Tesla and prior to him, over 100 years ago, said and it was accepted, that there is an Ether that permeates the entire universe, including a lot of it feeding into the Sun. Tesla said, the Sun uses that energy during fusion of H into He. .......... Einstein and modern physics say, no there is no Ether. So, in order for fusion to take place, the fusion process must get its energy from inside the protons of H. Modern physics says the Sun doesn't get hot enough to refuse the protons back together after it extracts the energy. So instead of excepting that fact that many experiments verify the existence of the Ether, they invented Quantum Tunneling to explain how the necessary energy tunnels out of the protons to complete the process and maybe tunnels back in when it is done, thereby bypassing the need to break and refuse the nucleus. They can't admit that Tesla was right.
^ Bullcrap, quantum tunneling simply follows from the uncertainty principle and the fact that time and energy do not commute. (If you look at very small time intervals Δt, then ΔE must be large, which allows protons to borrow energy for brief moments of time.) If quantum tunneling doesn't exist, quantum mechanics is wrong in almost its entirety.
MB, no Quantum Mechanics is not entirely wrong. What is wrong is what causes the waves functions. Many have studied the atomic structure and concluded that the electrons cannot stay in their orbitals by themselves. Ether is simply dipole particles of energy (photons at equilibrium.) "The Ether permeates everything in the universe." Around every electron in the atomic structure is a magnetic field comprised of photons set up around it. Those photons create a magnetic field that keep the electrons in their distinct orbital. Those waves are caused by the photons around the electron, not the electron. The wave function comes from them, and the math is the same. Quantum is caused by the particle nature of the photons already around the electrons. It takes a quanta of energy to knock one of those photons loose from its magnetic field, they do not come out of the electron. I.E the difference is that we don't need particles popping out of other dimensions or energy tunneling in or out of the nucleus. Uncertainty comes from the fact that we disturb the ether as why try to detect the electron or other charged particles.
MB, here is how Quantum Mechanics works.hitchhikers.wikia.com/wiki/Infinite_Improbability_Drive
This is an excellent explanation, it actually really helped me further understand it. I've watched a lot of videos about quantum tunneling, but they just explain what it is, not how and why it works.
Glad my video was helpful. Thanks.
What do we want?
*PHYSICS*
When do we want it?
2:04
Great video as always! I love being able to visualize concepts, especially quantum mechanics, since it gets difficult to understand intuitively. Just wondering, could you do a video about quantum mechanics applications in electrical engineering: Resonant tunneling diodes, tunneling transistors, Qubits and Quantum Computing?
+David Boucard, applications of quantum mechanics to electrical engineering are topics for future videos. Thanks.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky awesome!!!!
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky IM SO EXCITED!!!!
fantastic. animation, voice, synchronisation all superb
Thanks.
So here we are really talking about the localised effect in a quantum field (QFT) and the barrier is an energy barrier in another field. This means it's quite possible for a portion of the wavelet to appear on the other side of the barrier just as it's possible for single shake of a rope to have some portion pass though something holding it at the other end with various strengths.
So basically it's the chance that a quarter step intersects with the barrier and a collision check succeeds. We live in a simulation and it was coded by Nintendo.
Yet another epic physics video from Eugene Khutoryansky. You take the complex abstract concepts and break them down into simple visual representations.
+ZombieSS77, thanks for the compliment.
To Eugene Khutoryansky,
Assuming that the particle may move in any direction at any moment, e.g. upward, downward, or in the opposite direction. How can we calculate the probability of its location when it may be found in a 360 degrees spread, which may equal to its original position's potential before it starts its next move & create another different amplitude???
Thank you very much for your wonderful, clear 3D mobile representation of the changing amplitude, but can we assume that the direction of the moving particle doesn't change???
Please help me understand it better, I'll be most grateful!!!
A practical example of quantum tunneling with a barrier are transistors. A transistor works by switching on and off an electric field gate that allows electrons to pass through in order to calculate. However as the transistors become smaller and smaller to fit more of them on a chip, so does the gate. Now we're at the point where the gate has become so small that electrons starts to leak through the gate via quantum tunneling, causing data errors.
This isn't something that affects your current computer of course, but engineers are now facing major difficulties to further improve the performance for future processors.
thanks Eugene xoxo
This woman taught me physics to the core thank you much I started with you from your first video which was algebra
The wonders of computer graphics! Fantastic well done!
Thanks for the compliment about my video.
What is a barrier? Also, thank you so much for including both real and imaginary parts of the function, and labeling the axes!
A barrier could be an electric field. Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky trying to interpret this, is it a consequence of Heisenberg Uncertainty? Could it be due to the uncertainty of the particle's initial energy, or momentum, to break through the barrier? The reduction in magnitude of the wave function across a barrier would then be an expression of a it being very unlikely to possess enough energy/momentum to get through, right?
This video was absolutely amazing. You got my subscription with this one and I'm sharing this on various forms of social media so that other people have the opportunity to see what it is that you are creating and to enjoy it as well. Thank you.
Thanks for the compliment and thanks for sharing the link to my video. I am glad to have you as a subscriber.
Very nice. You discuss the effect of having a thicker/thinner barrier on the amount of tunneling. I wish you would also discuss the effect of the mass of the particle (light = more tunneling, heavy = less tunneling). This is important to illustrate isotopic effects on reaction kinetics.
Incredible feeling after watching such a great video on the behaviour of the particle......
I am glad you liked my video.
Dear Eugene Khutoryansky , Thanks very much for you great explanation about quantum tunneling and other physics videos of yours , they are all very clear and helpful
Thanks.
Thank you once again for showing us what we can't see, makes it so much easier to understand.
+luigisf, thanks.
I cant believe it. Finally i could undetstand clearly 1 whole video about quantum theory…
Thanks for the video, that beginning view is very nice.
You have an amazing talent for teaching. I can't afford to donate on patreon, but I'll make sure to share your channel. Your channel is a godsend.
Thanks for the compliment. I understand that not everyone is able to donate, and thanks for sharing my channel. Sharing my channel and encouraging people to subscribe is one of the best ways people can help my efforts. Thanks.
Ok I see with this diagram I understand how a power partial packet moves down along a conductor, & the electrons oscillates vibrating but nut moving down the wires. Makes sense now, thank you
Small things are silly
@Martijn Abelskamp bro you don't have GF
@Jacob Zondag black holes: hold my paradoxes
I do not agree, the smallest things are the conceptually biggest.
haha
@@user-en6dy4xj1e The small things are wierd, the big things are wierd, everything is strange ~_~
This was an awesome explanation, I had a hard time understanding this before.
Thanks for the video. Your visualizations are very helpful.
+Eddie Miller, glad to hear that my animations are helpful. Thanks.
Quantum physics is bone chilling stuff.
The clam music helps to keep the classical mind from freeking out.
I was willing to get video about quantum tunneling and I got it , thanks a lot
+Sangeet Chand, glad to give you the video you were hoping for. Thanks.
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky me
I can now understand my favorite subject physics easily. This because of you
Thanks. Glad my videos are helpful.
This is great, but in reality isn't the "barrier" also another wave function? I mean, it can't be a solid block like that because it has to be made of particles, and they all have a wave function, right? Would have been nice to see that explanation, and how the two wave functions would interact.
Very fascinating! I'm still quite confused on how all this is possible but i guess we all feel that way when it comes to quantum physics. In any case, this video helped me immensely, and i'm finally starting to understand these phenomena a bit better :). Thank you!
This channel is gold
Thanks.
Thanks, i was just reading about this yesterday, what are the odds ;)
+jestaa, Quantum Probability states that the odds are good. :)
Very nice...clear and easy to understand !!!
Thanks.
Very beautiful this video, Eugene Khutoryansky!
Congratulations for your job. I love your job!
+André Barbosa Thanks.
That was a fantastic illustration.
Thanks.
What an amazing content you are serving... Love from India 🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳
Thanks.
I'm only in Physics 1 which is a mix of old Physics AB in highschool , This stuff Is fascinating especially when relating it to what I know in Calculus
Lisa Jones I know up to BC in Calc, I'll retake BC again in College then move on to Multi-Variable
great video. i understand what i didn't for 10 years
Love the fact you got classical instrumentals playing.
Seems like a neat magic trick exhibited by nature .. very nice video
A very nice simulation illustrating quantum tunneling. Thank you !
Please take all of my money. This video was AMAZING. So easy to understand.
Is this what is happening during superposition?
4:04 The point was so important it had to be made twice
there is a huge problem with the diagram - that there is no true wall, if we are at the level of a wave or photon then there is no wall but giant holes or other atoms and since most of space with in atoms and between atoms is empty space then there is no wall but lots of empty space and I can see how tunneling can take place between these giant gaps
Each barrier we set up, the particle has less and less probability to make it through to the other side, the wave function loses energy. Energy loss is equal to probability loss? beautiful video.
I've got to say, I love your videos
Thanks.
Really well-done graphics...both style/informative-wise. It's almost too good in that it could leave the viewer thinking "Ok...got it...that makes sense." No, it doesn't make sense. There's simply no way to truly describe classically what's happening here...and that's true even despite the existence of this video. That it happens, however, is indisputable. And be thankful for that. Quantum tunneling is why we have sunshine.
Ty for explaining how the afterlife and rapture work
I love the graphics in your videos!!!
you described things that is as random as a smoke! It definitely a big clue of uncleared science... great job!
Thanks.
In five minutes I learned more than in 45 minutes on school lesson :)
+Michał Erbel, glad to hear that it was helpful. Thanks.
This is my favourite topic of quantum mechanics. Thanks for this video
+Rakesh Prasad, glad to have made another video on your favorite topic. Thanks.
In short: No matter, how thick the boundary is, there's always a nonzero chance that the particle can pass through to the other side.
I think ik what causes this, there is a small gap in time that allows the particle to travel through? Meaming the magnetic feild of both of them must match up for particle to pass through. Basically oscillating magnetic feilds. Its the only idea that comes to mind. There must be a hole in the barrier allowing passage of particle, and if there a whole time is involved, and an electric barrier does have a magnetic feild because electricity and magnetism are tied together. And if they must line up it must mean the magnetic feids of the particle and the barrier are spinning around each other..
Idk maybe im wrong but what else would make sense...
So if i wanted to send steel through lead i would have to alternate the steels magnetic feilds to allow it to pass through the lead, but it would require a vast amount of strength and at the right speed
Good information, with pleasant music.
That's a good demonstration, for Vortex Energy.
Passing throught the Center of
Vastness.
can it ever be the case that the wave function or a portion of the wave function passes through the first boundary of the barrier but not the second?
Do you work on team to create all of your amazing videos? Or do you work on your own? Because it's mind blowing🤯
I make all my animations myself. My friend Kira does the narration. Thanks for the compliments.
But does the barrier have a wave function itself? And if It does,does this wave function have a role in the probability of passing/not passing of the particle?
Feeling ashamed of myself, my brain can't comprehend this. I will be back again after understanding quantum physics basics properly.
Wonderful presentation, Eugene. All the best, man !!
+Marciø Aleksandravičius, thanks for the compliment. I am glad you liked it.
Great job, Eugene. Can't wait for more videos.
+Feynstein 100, thanks. More videos are on their way.
Thanks, this channel is truly amazing.
Thanks for the compliment.
Great video! Nicely paced, with time to assimilate the concepts with (relative) ease...
Thanks.
your vids are great! thanks for making them.
+62calum, I am glad that you like them. Thanks.
It would seem that if the amplitude of the waveform is attenuated in passing through the barrier, then the particle is at a lower energy state. Since the probability of the particle is the square of the amplitude of the wave function, after passing through the barrier, the particle has less probability of occupying locations and has therefore decreased in volumetric size. Quantum tunneling reduces the probability of the particle occupying all locations on the waveform past the energy barrier.
+John Doe, the energy is related to the frequency, not the amplitude. We have a lower probability of the particle being present after the barrier, but this doesn't mean that the particle has less energy after the barrier.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Correct. I forgot, E = h * nu., where "h" is Planck's constant and nu is frequency. Thank you for reminding me of Sophomore level high school physics. So for massless particles like photons in a vacuum, c = nu * lambda, where "c" is the speed of light, nu is frequency and lambda is wavelength. So E = h * ( c / lambda). So the energy is inversely proportional to wavelength. Now how do I relate wavelength to amplitude? As the amplitude attenuates, does the wavelength remain constant? You reduce the contribution of some of the harmonic components to modify a wave form. But in the case of quantum tunneling assume equal attenuation of all harmonic components. There has to be some affect on energy when you attenuate wave amplitude, unless amplitude is merely the square root of the probability of a particle being at a certain location.
+John Doe In Quantum Mechanics. Particles can only have certain energy states between which they jump. In the time independent Schroedinger Equation used to calculate atomic orbitals, energy is the proportionality constant between a particle's waveform function and the result of the Hamiltonian Operator applied to waveform function. So a particle's waveform function does not have an amplitude in units of energy. But the Hamiltonian operator applied to a particle's wave form divided by the wave form function gives units of energy. For the time dependent Schroedinger's equation, Planck's constant multiplied by the partial derivative of a particle's wave form function multiplied by the imaginary number is equal to the Hamiltonian operator applied to the particle's wave form function. I think the Hamiltonian operator introduces units of energy and the particle's wave form function has a unit less amplitude. Interesting, I completely forgot about calculating electron orbitals.
can you do one on collapse or decoherence?
Amazing video. Your work is, simply put, brilliant. Greatly appreciated!
Thanks for for the compliments.
Guys, there's a non-zero chance for you to pass through a wall if you run at it real fast! Try it!
Trevor Grover But since we have a lot of particles, it is nearly impossible.
It is ZERO maybe out to ten decimal places, or more, or less.
Yeah, but guys, remember there never *is a zero.*
So technically yeah, you could totally run through a wall.
Maybe that's what happens in Harry Potter! Guys the Harry Potter world uses quantum tunneling!!
The wall u r talking about is not a wall of energy
And as always....Magnific!!!
Thanks.