Atelectasis Types, Pathophysiology and X-RAY Findings Simplified

Atelectasis is a condition in which a small or large area of lung tissue collapses, resulting in decreased exchange of gases within the lungs. It occurs when the alveoli, small air sacs that line the lung, collapse.
Alveoli are located at the end of each bronchiole, which are small branches off of the bronchi, or air tubes. The alveoli are the site of gas exchange in the body, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to exit.
Usually, they are lined with surfactant, which is a liquid layer that prevents the alveoli from collapsing.
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