Punic Sicilian Wars - The Battle of Himera (480 BC) DOCUMENTARY
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- Опубліковано 10 чер 2024
- A history documentary on the Battle of Himera in the First Punic Sicilian War. Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.com/invicta. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch "World's Greatest Ships" about iconic naval vessels and the rest of MagellanTV’s documentary collection: www.magellantv.com/series/wor...
Long before Carthage and Rome faced off in the climactic Punic Wars for control of the Mediterranean, the island of Sicily played host to a series of 7 great wars between the Carthaginians and the Greeks. But to understand these Punic Sicilian Wars we must first understand the nature of the region. The documentary begins with an exploration of the geography and history of Sicily before tracing the stages which progressively drew Carthage into this theater of operations.
The First Punic Sicilian War would eventually break out when the Dorian Greek tyrants, Theron and Gelon, threatened to lay claim to the island of Sicily. In response, Ionian Greeks called upon Carthage for help. The Punic Senate was all to happy to oblige and now sent a massive invasion force under the command of Hamilcar the First. This assault from the west would coincide with the Persian Invasion on the Greek homeland in the east under King Xerxes.
We then follow the campaign in Sicily which culminates in the climactic battle of Himera in 409 BC! You can learn more about the armies of Carthage through our Units of History episodes:
The Sacred Band of Carthage : • Units of History - The...
Carthaginian War Elephants : • Units of History - Car...
Numidian Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
Balearic Slingers : • Units of History - The...
Sources and Suggested Reading:
"The Carthaginians" by Dexter Hoyos
"Carthage's Other Wars" by Dexter Hoyos
"Carthage Must Be Destroyed" by Richard Miles
Credit:
Research = Vaughan Fenton
Script = Vaughn Fenton
Narration = Invicta
Art = Penta Limited
#history
#documentary
#military
Part 2: ua-cam.com/video/A7q8BVfFurM/v-deo.html
The greek colonization of Sicily and their interactions with the local population is a very interesting topic ( that's basically hundreds of years of coexistence between them) one that deserves a video on it's own.
I wonder what all the ancient people groups were like
Good thing you didn't put "peaceful" before "coexistence". I mean, the locals, yeah, they got along quite nice, like always. The leaders? Those who held the blades? Those who held the land? Those who talked to the gods? Those who sent ships sailing from one end of the sea to the other? Those are the ones who sent their boys maul each other at Himera (and so many other places).
@@zamzamazawarma928 i mean coexistence doesn't have to be peaceful.
@@GothPaoki true as that may be, can you think of a more appropriate, less petty squabble that could have been used as the open door to release unto the world that passionate dramatic retort he had burning inside of his heart, begging to be let out? Nothing like a hypothetical disagreement in the yt comment section to showcase his magnum opus. When opportunities are scare, create your own and choose the brightest stage.
@@GothPaoki
True, although depending on the kind of "coexistence", it can be hard if not peaceful.
I have a small apartment in Sicily, about a 10 minute drive from Ancient Solunto. The existing ruins, up on top of a hill are amazing to visit. One can still see the influence of all the previous civilizations. Phoenician, Greek and Roman. The city layout is primarily Greek, but one can see the Roman influences in the surviving mosaic floors and traces on Roman red paint on some of the walls.
A very concise overview of a complex political situation. I just visited Sicily and its many archeological sites including the small island of Mozia, where the Phonicians settled and traded and were for the time very sophisticated. And, naturally, the abundance of Greek temples and Roman architecture….well worth visiting for any history buff!
A friend of mine will be visiting Italy soon, I'll inform him of your view on Sicily, thanks.
My Grandfather came from Agrigento and my wife and I are planning an extensive trip there within the next year. Might have gone earlier except for all the C-virus disruption.
A cool book set in the Sicilian-Punic wars is Tyrant, by Manfredi (can’t remember his first name)
Does a good job of making the history engaging by following the tyrant of Syracuse, his rise to power and wars with Carthage
Valerio Massimo Manfredi
Thanks for the recommendation. I just ordered a copy
I never thought I could view this part of Carthaginian history on youtube, thanks for covering the period! But I think the simultaneous attack on greeks by Persians and Carthaginians is nothing more than greek speculation imo. But the first battle of Himera should be dated to c.480 B.C video date is the second Carthage-Sicilian war which was commanded by the grandchildren of the Hamilcar "Hannibal and Himilco respectivelyibly.
Updated the date, thanks for the catch
That last word in ur paragraph pfffft lmao
@@curiodyssey3867 responsitrilitrance...
Great video about a topic that's often overlooked by the punic wars ( Greeks and Carthaginians were fought for 3-4 centuries before the Romans started to became to major player ) looking forward for Dionysus timoleon and agathocles
Thanks to all who voted for this next wave of Carthaginian content! You can catch script previews and get art downloads for all episodes on our Patreon: www.patreon.com/InvictaHistory
Magelantv has romanian subtitles?
@@Hello-ig1px it was a pleasure to dive into that history as I was myself completely unfamiliar with Rome’s campaigns of vengeance.
It's always nice to hear about little known historical times. Can't wait for you next video on this interesting time period.
💕I love your voice so much that when I imagine my perfect submissive twink bottom boyfriend he sounds just like you 💋💖💕
I guess some of this is what the old guy in True Romance was talking about to the mafia capo.
A fascinating topic! Especially before the planned trip to Tunisia 🎥(I will also visit Sicily one day) ;) Strength and Honor!🗡
Wasn't Iraq your next Trip to film?
@@starcapture3040 My list is long, I will visit Iraq for sure!
@@ancientsitesgirl keep it going!
Welcome to Tunisia 🇹🇳
Awesome history lesson as always guys! Happy to see this was voted in as it is an offer overlooked conflict in the broader Punic wars context, being Sicily the key to control Mediterranean trade
Yet another brilliantly informative video 👏
More documentaries about the mongols and vikings please:)
one word ! AMAZING.
This is such an amazing period which is most of the time, left behind until the punic wars between Rome vs Carthage.
It's pretty cool how intense the war is for a small island! I can't wait for more!
As a descendant of Sicily I appreciate all the information on the island I can get 🙏🏻
I love the numbers given in the ancient sources!
10:26 That was an ingenious and bold move by Gelon! His men probably loled all the way to the Carthigenean camp!
Historical recaps are back! 🙏 This is what Invicta really excels at.
Outstanding production quality!
Good video ⚔️
Fantastic video, what a fascinating period of history!⚔
Please continue the others , this just perfect 😭
Looking forward to this I love these these largely uncovered conflicts
Really fascinating information. Thanks for sharing and God bless you!
Great work 🫰🏻🫰🏻🫰🏻 Thank you 💜💜💜
Those Pictures are simply gorgeous
To commemorate the victory at the battle of Himera the tyrant of Akragas constructed lots of temples in Akragas on a low hill with a valley below. Those temples are still in good shape to this day and we call that valley the temple valley here in Agrigento, or Akragas 🤣
Thank you for blessing me with this during my nightshift ✌
Great work guys!
great video, thank you
Love your documentary s
Thank you soo much for making videos about PUNIC wars. Please make video about 2nd punic wars after cannae
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
Can’t wait for the next one!
Good video!
Great video! I was just researching the tyrants of Syracuse. I would love to see more videos on their lives!
Absolutely gorgeous visuals. I would also be really interested in something like a literary beak down of some of the primary or secondary sources used for this topic’s research.
I really enjoyed this and hope it is the start of some Carthaginian history and campaign's.
Damn y’all, over a million subs. Congratulations
I haven't even watched yet but already liked because I know it's awesome! Thanks for all you do.
That is one sexy topic
Good job
EXCELLENT ! YES ! Early Carthaginian history.
Great work on all ur vids!!!. Thank you, sir!!! Maybe a Mithridates VI of Pontus, The Poison King?!?!?!
history really is a treasure throve, you can't really market the sicilian wars directly for a movie or series
but if you take this and incorporate the events into a fictional story you get something that has the detail of history and the apeal of fantasy
Do one on Agathocles and his campaign that reached as far as the walls of Carthage.
Finally!
Would love to see a video on ancient Irish/ Gael culture. We do have monuments older than the great pyramids of Egypt, after all...
Sweet a new vid
Nice
The intro just made me want to go to sicily for the summer lol
In 480 bc the whole known world from Spain to Pakistan. Warriors from Europe, Africa and Asia attacked Greece at the same time. The few stood against the many. This must have been the most heroic page in human history.
There is an in depth history of Rome on UA-cam that I first heard of this somewhat forgotten but important conflict.
After their Long struggle with the Samnites .Rome extended their control southward and came in contact with the struggle going on in Sicily .
The result is History.
Although Spain was another issue.
Interesting
Greetings to our Sicilian brothers!
More hellenic content, let's go!!
I question the sources used for the numbers in this battle. 150,000 killed in the retreat? And just under half escaped? Implying around 300,000 Carthaginians? What? Whilst it's an interesting tale in terms of the political consequences of the war, the numbers involved seem wildly upscaled.
Ye, I was suprised the narrator didnt put the number in question, very casually claims Carthage at 480 BC could muster one of the biggest army ever in the history of antiquity :)
I agree. Kings and Generals did a much better job in comparison by down scaling the numbers and stating that the Carthaginians most likely had only a bit more men than the Greeks.
@invicta you should do a series of videos on the celts (Irish, Scottish and vikings) from the roman antiqueties era. I know the celts were a large influence on the creation on Hadrian's wall
10:28 ah the story of the Sicilian Horse, more realistic than the Troyan
Good video! This topic is really overlooked, especially the fact that it happens at the same time of Xerxes' invasion of Greece. This is also why Greek city-states in Sicily could not send many ships to participate in the battle of Salamis.
Just one note, the term "Hellenistic" is conventionally used for the period after Alexander the Great, here it would be more appropriate to say "Hellenic" instead.
Awesome work! Is Polibius your main source? Anyone else?
without the victory of Himera you wouldn't be able to see the Valley of the Temples in Akragas (Agrigento) which were built by Punic captives.
Thanks for the recognition bro
Could you cover the Welsh teulu warriors for your next units of history video?
Bro...we had sooo much bad luck in sicily
I really appreciate your videos thank you
Anything from the Conan books or movies would be really cool honestly.
I like that Invicta uses BC instead of BCE for dates.
I didn't know both invasions happened at the same time. I wonder how the relations between Carthage and the Persians was.
can we see some sub saharan empire conquest vids by any chance?
wow
It is truly incredible that the Greeks were able to defeat the simultaneous invasion of the two most powerful States in the world at the time...Also the way Gelon took out the Carthiginian command is something that sounds so modern...like a Delta team taking down ISIS leadership
Carthage at that time weren't very powerful
@@MohamedRamadan-qi4hl they were pretty powerful actually.
@@nisarbo3781 not empire status
@@MohamedRamadan-qi4hl what do you mean? in 480 bc they had already established an empire. Between 550 bc to 500 bc under the reign of Mago I. The founder of the powerful & long-lasting magonid dynasty they've expanded towards the entire Maghreb from Morocco to Libya, into Corsica, Sardinia, western sicily & spain by conquering locals as well as taking older phoenician cities there such as gadir. They've had a fleet of 200 triremes available for the invasion of himera in 480 bc & during the 5th century bc they've well explored west africa up to Gabon and traded as far as britain & ireland. They exerted such an authority that they closed the straits of gibraltar after the battle of alalia in 535 bc for all foreigners & thus solely controlled the access to the Atlantic and had the monopoly & all the trade routes there especially tin trade.
Is there a single area that's been more contested than Sicily? Maybe Egypt and/or Israel but 2500 years separate this conflict from WWII. So many wars and different cultures have fought over this island in between.
"GREEK SIGNATURE DNA influence can be seen in Southern Italy and Sicily, where the genetic contribution of Greek chromosomes to the Sicilian gene pool is estimated to be about 37%, and the southern Balkans"
Di Gaetano, Cornelia; et al. (2009). European Journal of Human Genetics. 17 (1): 91-99.
That's the case with all of southern Italy really at least untill second ww in which musollini tried to get rid of all greek influence in the area as part of his nationalist agenda and a lot of Italians with greek roots had to flee the country.
The greek genetic input in Southern Italy, although important, is still debated, because ancient southern italians and ancient greeks were already genetically similar.
That's a lot of rape, buy I imagine the Roman rape is even worse
@@esti-od1mz ancient southern Italians weren't similar to ancient Greeks. They were greeks. Almost all of southern Italy was colonized hundreds of years before the romans by greek colonists.
This is exactly why that greek influence both in genetics and it terms of culture persisted in southern Italy for so long.
@@GothPaoki so, let me say that I know that there is a genetic input from Greece: but it is still debated. The sikanians from Sicily and the minoans from Crete were genetically closer, despite being many kilometers distant from each other. There is a genetic overflow, from Cyprus to Southern Italy, due to the ancient european farmers, and that's why ancient italics and ancient greeks were already genetically similar. To be fair, southern italians are pretty much close to the southern greeks, since in the north of Greece there is more balkan admixture. Italy and Greece shared History: a lot of greeks may have italic genes.
yeeeeessss!!!
The carthaginian dominance in Sicily was much different from the greek colonization. The carthaginians never established colonies in Sicily by force, but they let the locals keep their settlements in exchange of special commercial agreements and participartion in internal affairs: that's why the elymians built so many cities in western Sicily (elymians were pretty powerful: a war against them would have been an error for the Carthaginians). While the ancient greeks came to Sicily with the clear intention of establishing their settlements, hardly letting the indigenous live alongisde them. That why in the IV century the italics tribes of Sicily and Italy started rooting against the greeks, causing the greeks to loose territories or even Cities ( Catania was captured by the Mamertini, Cuma by the campanians, Posidonia by the lucani, the sicels founded Cities in greek territories and so on). To these days, the southern italian regions keep the names of the italic tribes who founded them. In most cases, Carthage endorced these rebellions against the greeks.
EDIT: I wasn' trying to say that the Carthaginians were saints. They weren't. A lot of factors made them decide that direct control wasn't worth it. Such as the power of the elymians, and the presence of the greek cities. In Sardinia and Spain they held a more direct control.
The carthaginians slaughtered countless Sicilians. The Greeks settled colonies and made peace and mixed with the natives peacefully. Instead of lying get the facts.
@@nebuchadnezzarii5691 to be fair, both sides killed. And the sicilians also killed the carthaginians or the Greeks. Also, both sides were carried by sicilian military men, that is confirmed by Professor Villari. The greeks mixed with the natives only after the natives got REALLY belligerant. Siracusa was being conquered by Ducaetius. They understood that they couldn't treat them as second class citizens. Also, the carthaginian empire guaranteed the liberty of many Greek cities, such as Messina and Lentini. That doesn't mean that Carthage was good. They did this in their interest. In Sardinia and Spain they were more brutal. Get your facts.
@@esti-od1mz true. I’m sorry for my bias.
@@nebuchadnezzarii5691 no problem. I wasn't trying to tell that the Carthaginians were saints. They simply decided that Money were more important than direct control. Have a nice day
@@esti-od1mz yeah it’s that all peoples committed atrocities no matter who it was at times. Have a nice day as well.
Please cover Indian Elephant archers in the "units in history" category.
❤
Poseidon coming in clutch many times
I hope you cover some of the famous Greek tyrants
When is the Carthaginian Navy video coming out?
Taking a bit longer than expected but should be this upcoming week
Thank you! Been looking forward to it!
Carthaginians and Greeks fight over Sicily for decades.
Then Rome enters the chat
Centuries not decades
8:38
now im stoke for more - dba campaign here i come
You've to choose in which has better drip
Roman officer - Greek officer
Roman cavalry - Greek citizen cavalry
Can you do a video about Alexander the Great in Judaism, please? This is a very interesting topic!
more
For the algorithm
Rome: Why aren’t your roads leading to Rome?
Beautiful story
'These Greeks have come to help us'
How do you know?
'I don't, its all GREEK to me
Wait for next episode
*Two hundred years, seven wars (eight, if you count Pyrrhus' invasion), and neither the Greeks nor the Carthaginians ever gained decisive control of Sicily. The Romans conquered the entire island in just fifty years, and held it without contest for seven hundred years.*
Yes, two powers are battleing each other while third jumps in afterwards, nothing unseen in history.
Carthage controlled most of Sicily after the Phyric war thought, except southeastern part around Syracuse:upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/First_Punic_War_264_BC_v3.png/1024px-First_Punic_War_264_BC_v3.png
carthage won in the end due to them controlling most of the island
@@nisarbo3781 Most is not all.
Pyrrhus did but yeah rome was a thing then
@@nisarbo3781 well not really pyrrhus defeated them and took almost all of the island he only left because of rome not because of carthage plus Syracuse outlived carthage
I see Sicily and think of a contingent of the Sea Peoples hundreds of years before...The Sicels(?)
Patton had it right when he wanted to cut off the krauts retreat into Italy
With the help of the Mafia.....
Now I'm suspicious as to why Carthage did not send reinforcements to Tyre when Alexander besiege them.
Because carthage was an independent state
@@hannibalbarca8411 i mean Tyre was the dominant big boy alpha of the Punic world and Carthage was just 2nd or 3rd place. When Tyre fell to Alexander, Carthage become the number 1.
@@GeorgeEstregan828
Tyre was phoenician
Carthage was punic
There's a difference
Tyre was only inhabited by phoenicians
But carthage was a mix by phoenicians ,local north Africans, Europeans,south saharans ...
@@hannibalbarca8411 the word punic is a latin word for phoenician
@@hannibalbarca8411 oh wait i think phoenician in latin is Phœnicia
….further….oops the pace has slowed. It needed to
11:35 Treacherous Greek gonna treacherous Greek.
Hello
How did the Greek forces "infiltrate" the Carthaginian forces so successfully? Wouldn't the Carthaginians have noticed pretty quickly that they spoke a different language etc?
Not really, since they had specifically called on *Ionian Greek* allies for cavalry reinforcements. By the time they were close enough to tell the difference, it would've been too late.
Being sicilian myself and proud of my romsn ancestry
Greeks not Romans.
@@akragas4394 How do you know? The Romans were there, as well.....
@@Lassisvulgaris because the Hellenes are in Sicily since the Bronze Age until the Byzantine times. The Romans used Sicily only as a colony for exploitation and to dump their mercenaries and criminals.
@@akragas4394 So @Peter Sclafani can not be of Roman descendance, as he claims...?
@@Lassisvulgaris why don't you read about the panic wars. If I'm not mistaken it was romans against the greeks and then the carthagians
Yes the romans conquered sicily. The war lasted about 20 years.
They also took over Sardinia, corsica. From the 1st panic war.
Ok, your voice during the Magellan TV ad sounded a bit… different. Deeper and more appealing overall. Is it possible you’re working with a vocal coach or something?
Does the name of the Tyrrhenian Sea have anything to do with the city of Tyre?
No, it is a coincidence. The Tyrrhenian sea derives its name from the etruscans, who dominated in the Area. They called themselves initially Tarasenna>Trasenna>Rasenna>Rasna later
@@esti-od1mz thanks S T
@@svendb7 you're welcome!