How do you ensure the right phage is selected to infect the right bacterium? What are the components in the screening process? What happens if it is done wrong?
Bacteriophage only attacks specific type of bacteria there are hundreds of different types of phages and each only attacks a specific type of bacteria only also phages are harmless to human cells
You may find answer to you question if you contact Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages in Georgia who have been doing extensive research in phages for more than half a century and who have been using them to treat people. They have been doing research and using them to treat people in Poland and Russia. There is also lots of information on internet.
Dear Niaid thanks for the great video! I was wondering if you could grant me permission to use this video or another animation you may have showing the infection cycle.. We are a new startup company and we will attend an exhibition event in September so sth like that could be great to communicate what are phages actually able to do. Thanks in advance.
This footage, along with all of our videos, are in the public domain and can be freely used. We ask that you please credit the footage to NIAID. For more NIAID b-roll, visit our Flickr account at Flickr.com/photos/niaid/
I think you are mistaken. They are talking about bacteriophages. Bacteriophages only attack bacteria, not viruses. So they would have no effect on other viruses such as corona
There is a virus type called virophage though. They work differently than bacteriophages and infect other giant viruses to infect a host cell together flighting for the recourses. This can help the host cell by not letting it fill with the giant cell but it is not as helpful.
Mkay am I the only one who feels like phages created by someone or something they just seem too smart they even look like a result of intelligent design like little robots
Short Answer: Yes they are a good virus. Long Answer: Basically, there are many types of viruses, the ones that are usually considered bad are the ones that infect human cells and cause damage to our body. However, the ones that these people are talking about are viruses that infect bacteria, they're called bacteriophages. Bacteriophages infect only bacteria and nothing else, which means that if we put these into our body they will infect only the bacteria that they specifically target and not the cells in our body. Even separate bacteriophages infect different types of bacteria. So in a sense, yes they are "The good virus".
Phage won't kill us! They only willing to infect the bacterias *ONLY* They're completely harmless to us. They might be our only hope to defeat the harmful bacteria and something dat is as big as a bacteria!
My theory is that there might have been an age where an intelligent multicellular prokaryote organism was the dominant species on Earth, think humans but made up of prokaryote (bacterial) cells instead of eukaryote cells. These large bacterial animals were made up of billions of bacteria each (just like we are made up of billions of our cells). They were as intelligent or more intelligent than humans, and one day they decided to augment themselves by inventing a nanobot that could enter their cells and insert any genes they wanted to have, could be anything from super strength to resistance against cancer. These nanobots could also use the bacterial ribosomes to self-replicate within their cells after modifying them with the desired gene, but they would stop replicating after a certain amount of bots were made and they would exit the cell without harming it, going on to augment other cells and eventually doing so to every cell in their bodies. Unfortunately for them, one of these nanobots mutated and started to multiply beyond it’s normal limit, until the cell became so full of them that it burst open, releasing thousands of those mutated bots. Soon, that species’ whole population was killed due to those mutated nanobots, which we nowadays call bacteriophages. The phages became so widespread that multicellular bacterial life became impossible because the phages would tear through a macroscopic bacterial organism in minutes due to the cells all being clumped together. After the phage apocalypse, the only bacteria left were the unicellular, microscopic bacteria we’re familiar with today, which still managed to proliferate despite phages still killing a large portion of their population everyday even until today.
I think using bacteriophages to eradicate antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a very good idea. Hopefully more time and money will go towards the research involved in making this a reality.
From what I learned, in order for bacteria to gain resistance to bacteriophages, they have to trade away their immunity to antibiotics. So combining the two could trap them in a catch 22.
it was abandoned in the US in the 1940's s because the Soviet Union was the leader in Phage research at the time. ..So it was at least partly, an ideological decision that emerged out of American cold war politics ...Also drugs were seen as easier to monetize for profit, at least they were back then because of patent laws. It wasnt clear how they could patent an organism that evolved a billion years before capitalism. Now its understood, they patent the research and various procedures.
Or like watching a brown recluse spider inject its prey to consume it. 🤮 That was the end of that experiment years ago after I was almost bitten buy it… so I captured it, took it in as an experiment (to watch how it attacked another bug firsthand) and then disposed of it.
I've been struggling with cronic Osteomyelitis in my L5S1 of my spine antibiotics our not working I would love to gave this tried on me I have 2 little kids who need me thanks Robert Sharpe.
This is strange ... on Star Trek Voyager in the first season, there is an episode where they talk about a virus that has infected a specific civilization and they call it "The Phage". It's even spelled the same. But these viruses here are supposed to attack bacterial infections without harming their hosts. I wonder why the writers chose to call the virus in that particular episode "The Phage"?
Is consideration being given to the fact that these living organisms could have negative side effects? Once they are done with the bacteria cells, is it possible that they would mutate and start feeding on other cell types? Is it possible that they might release substances that could cause a detrimental effect on the very organism they are meant to save?
Phages only specialise in one bacteria, which mean, hypothetically, if you have 2 infection, you would need 2 types of phages to kill them, because phages dont care for anything but its one and only bacteria Human cell is too different, it would take a whole new course of evolution for phages to target human, the chance is like, "what if your lungs became selfware and attack your own body?" In fact, there are about 1 million billion of them inside your intestines right now
Phage used to treat bacterial infections will be selected (or in some cases engineered) to attack only the specific bacteria they will combat. It is extremely unlikely that therapeutic phages will evolve to recognize and attack other types of bacteria or human cells. Phages are highly specific, and only make copies of themselves in the presence of the bacteria they target.
I am a little late, but if anyone can answer this I would appreciate it. Could phages be responsible for curing or causing the remission of diseases in situations where alternative or homeopathic cures are thought to be responsible? From what I understand, the phages used to cure various diseases are found in nature, identified, and selectively reproduced in a lab setting in order to make enough of that particular phage for theraputic purposes. Does this mean if somebody with a particular disease comes across the a phage that kills that bacteria in the wild it would have no observable effect? At what threshold does a phage stand a chance of killing the bacteria? From everything I have been able to find, it seems like even a few phages could use a host bacteria to reproduce on a massive scale because they take over the bacteria and force it to produce more phages until the bacteria bursts.
Thank you for your inquiry. Patients with bacterial infections have been found with natural phages that have the potential to cure the infections. What has yet to be documented are cases where the observed natural bacteriophages have cured the infections. For example, rice water stool (a form of diarrhea) is a common occurrence in patients suffering from cholera, and bacteriophages which will attack the bacteria causing cholera are often found in this stool. For more information on this finding, please see the following paper: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304168 There are still many aspects of phage science which require further research, such as how many phages would be needed to treat different kinds of bacterial infections under different circumstances. We hope this information will be useful to you.
@@niaid Thank you so much for taking the time to respond to me.. It is difficult to this type of information and believe me I have tried.. there is a lot of research to be done it seems! Thank you for the article I will be reading it ASAP.
Sugar cane memory wooden cane wooden dragon 2024 feng shui mercury iron magnetic planet sun rise location diwata maya mula multi spectrum up davao morong space port catfish flying fish nebula cats eye crab nebula atom magnetic electromagnet light
@@xistl4278 since they are actively living in you body since birth. Bacteria are humanity's enemy and phages kill bad bacteria with ease. Very good for us. Plus antibiotics are starting to suck and also kill good bacteria too. Not worth it.
Does Womezon Remedy really work? I see lots of people keep on speaking about Womezon Remedy. But Im not sure if it's good enough to cure your bacterial vaginosis issue inherently .
Thank you for your inquiry. Bacteriophages are viruses which attack specific kinds of bacteria. However, they do not attack other viruses or human cells. Thus, they are unlikely to be an effective treatment for viral infections. We hope this information is useful to you.
@@ansh6370 Thank you for your inquiry. Antibiotics are designed to work against bacteria or other simple living organisms that can cause disease. These drugs are not effective against viruses. Some viral infections can be treated with antiviral drugs, and many viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines. We hope this information is useful to you.
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John 3:16, Ephesians 2:8-9, Romans 4:5, Jesus Christ is the only way, KJV
When I was studying microbiology, I was speaking to my professor about this very application. The problem we discussed was that this sort of treatment is usually only valid for the first treatment. You could never use the phage a second time if the patient becomes reinfected because the body would develop an immune response to the phage, as it is a foreign invader. Is this still an issue, and if so, how do you combat it??
You and your professor clearly only think in global concepts. There is a limit to how fast your body will remove the phage. So if you overload the system with a high concentration, immunity to phage is a non-issue.
Bacteria: I am inevitable
Phage: *and I am, phage*
Toilet Paper How bacteria spells phage: M Y D O O M
Hello Inevitable, I'm Phage
human cell skin:
no.
A long time ago bacteria were our phages.
@@moonlightgaming3067 there not bacteria, there bacteria *killers.*
Thanks, little dudes.
:D
❤
🙂
They are the 1st on the deadliest killers on the planet and we are 2nd
@@gamingmoran9597 actually its the opposite
Highfive to those microscopic heroes.
Hell yea.
I have to corect you they are not heroes.
They are Chad heroes.
Bacteria: Haha am stronk. No antibiotic can defeat me.
Bacteriophage: Omae wa, mou shindieru
How do you ensure the right phage is selected to infect the right bacterium? What are the components in the screening process? What happens if it is done wrong?
Bacteriophage only attacks specific type of bacteria there are hundreds of different types of phages and each only attacks a specific type of bacteria only also phages are harmless to human cells
Well some phages kills bacteria that are related from others
You may find answer to you question if you contact Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages in Georgia who have been doing extensive research in phages for more than half a century and who have been using them to treat people. They have been doing research and using them to treat people in Poland and Russia. There is also lots of information on internet.
Dear Niaid thanks for the great video! I was wondering if you could grant me permission to use this video or another animation you may have showing the infection cycle.. We are a new startup company and we will attend an exhibition event in September so sth like that could be great to communicate what are phages actually able to do. Thanks in advance.
This footage, along with all of our videos, are in the public domain and can be freely used. We ask that you please credit the footage to NIAID. For more NIAID b-roll, visit our Flickr account at Flickr.com/photos/niaid/
Those phages are like ninjas that kill e coli.
Covid 19 if there were virophage: wait WHAT?!
Cancer: i am in danger
Bacteria! Hey, how did a daddy long legs get in here?
Phage: Asta La Vista baby
I can't believe from what I see that nature made those things....
Those exist from longer then we do
The enemy of my enemy is my friend
Wait thwy helping to kill bacteria?! Oml i tough they are bad 😥
So do the viruses stay with you? Is the cure worse than a disease?
Are Backteriophage helping humans?
Yes
WE NEED THESE NOW PLEASE I BEG YOU
I think you are mistaken. They are talking about bacteriophages. Bacteriophages only attack bacteria, not viruses. So they would have no effect on other viruses such as corona
There is a virus type called virophage though. They work differently than bacteriophages and infect other giant viruses to infect a host cell together flighting for the recourses. This can help the host cell by not letting it fill with the giant cell but it is not as helpful.
Is everything alright?
Antibiotics: I used to help the world
This reminds me of Neon in the Matrix
Mkay am I the only one who feels like phages created by someone or something they just seem too smart they even look like a result of intelligent design like little robots
Mother Nature
There is always a bigger fish, but in this case it's a smaller fish
anyone else noticed the Sturge Webber?
cool
#DrObahistoricalherbs💐
Is this a good virus?
Short Answer: Yes they are a good virus.
Long Answer: Basically, there are many types of viruses, the ones that are usually considered bad are the ones that infect human cells and cause damage to our body. However, the ones that these people are talking about are viruses that infect bacteria, they're called bacteriophages. Bacteriophages infect only bacteria and nothing else, which means that if we put these into our body they will infect only the bacteria that they specifically target and not the cells in our body. Even separate bacteriophages infect different types of bacteria. So in a sense, yes they are "The good virus".
@@salt5605 they're our niggas
Gimme dem robot viruses
what happens if they mutate into something destructive to humanity? also they ugggg-leee
6
Im wondering will phage kill us if its walking on our hands
Phage won't kill us!
They only willing to infect the bacterias *ONLY*
They're completely harmless to us.
They might be our only hope to defeat the harmful bacteria and something dat is as big as a bacteria!
Ther are already on your body
@@shrodingerscat8940 🤢🤮
@@shrodingerscat8940 Good, they should be able to destroy dust mites then, yes?
@@DivineDestiny77 dust mites are too big for them and not their targets
Blocked nvidia
Animal bio assistant tele iday bion satellites Russia with cube sats dish lusha erik kula tele cry chariots flying horses winged animals horses revelation with flying archangels defeat trojan horses greek greece system fuel cells sunlight corona gravity assist both
Yuk!
INJECTOR.
modern medicine suffers at the hands of capitalism and computer generated graphics
Highly Resistant Bacteria: you cant defeat me
Antibiotics: I know, but he can
Bacteriophage:
Highly resistant bacteria: i will evolve
Phages: lol
Bacteria have one way to counter Phages, BY REMOVING THERE DRUG RESISTENCE LOLOLOLOL
@@BlitzkriegTechno are you from kurzgesagt gang
@@dhanushchandranakkalakunta151 yes but I also got more information from outside sources
@@BlitzkriegTechno and then we can use the antibiotics LMAO hhahahahahya
It all seems so mechanical as if they are advance nanobots. Inside our bodies.
And that's exactly what they are, ancient nanobots
@@cecilitaH Probably alien. Those bodies, scream created.
@@BelleRiverHeating I agree, panspermia, you have meteorites with bacteria, dna, and amino acids being found everywhere.
My theory is that there might have been an age where an intelligent multicellular prokaryote organism was the dominant species on Earth, think humans but made up of prokaryote (bacterial) cells instead of eukaryote cells. These large bacterial animals were made up of billions of bacteria each (just like we are made up of billions of our cells). They were as intelligent or more intelligent than humans, and one day they decided to augment themselves by inventing a nanobot that could enter their cells and insert any genes they wanted to have, could be anything from super strength to resistance against cancer. These nanobots could also use the bacterial ribosomes to self-replicate within their cells after modifying them with the desired gene, but they would stop replicating after a certain amount of bots were made and they would exit the cell without harming it, going on to augment other cells and eventually doing so to every cell in their bodies. Unfortunately for them, one of these nanobots mutated and started to multiply beyond it’s normal limit, until the cell became so full of them that it burst open, releasing thousands of those mutated bots. Soon, that species’ whole population was killed due to those mutated nanobots, which we nowadays call bacteriophages. The phages became so widespread that multicellular bacterial life became impossible because the phages would tear through a macroscopic bacterial organism in minutes due to the cells all being clumped together. After the phage apocalypse, the only bacteria left were the unicellular, microscopic bacteria we’re familiar with today, which still managed to proliferate despite phages still killing a large portion of their population everyday even until today.
@@sportsfails4998 impossible we would have at least a trace of intelligence on their dna
I think using bacteriophages to eradicate antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a very good idea. Hopefully more time and money will go towards the research involved in making this a reality.
Yes
From what I learned, in order for bacteria to gain resistance to bacteriophages, they have to trade away their immunity to antibiotics. So combining the two could trap them in a catch 22.
it was abandoned in the US in the 1940's s because the Soviet Union was the leader in Phage research at the time. ..So it was at least partly, an ideological decision that emerged out of American cold war politics ...Also drugs were seen as easier to monetize for profit, at least they were back then because of patent laws. It wasnt clear how they could patent an organism that evolved a billion years before capitalism. Now its understood, they patent the research and various procedures.
Who’s here from Kersegzat only me okay
Kurzgesagt you mean? Oh then me too
Canadian _Oreo4 no I am here too
Lol hope the 21 likes satisfied your ego
Same
Me
Bacteria has left the chat
They're so cuuute
so in the end, there will always be a parasite that will feast on you.. let this be a lesson kids
Yeah, it’s called the Democratic Party, AMIRITE?
The lytic cycle is so repulsive. Like watching a spider egg hatch.
Or like watching a brown recluse spider inject its prey to consume it. 🤮
That was the end of that experiment years ago after I was almost bitten buy it… so I captured it, took it in as an experiment (to watch how it attacked another bug firsthand) and then disposed of it.
bacteria: you cant defeat us imune system: OH YEA? SAY HELLO TO MY TINY FRIEND
Haha! Youre very corny
Bacteria: HAHA!!!! I WILL KILL YA
Phage: not today... 💉
immunity:nice battle im gonna sleep
Russia has been researching phages since the soviet union was still standing - one step ahead
1:42 possible Jeopardy material, "Who is Felix D'herelle?"
And why are these guys non-living?
I've been struggling with cronic Osteomyelitis in my L5S1 of my spine antibiotics our not working I would love to gave this tried on me I have 2 little kids who need me thanks Robert Sharpe.
@@SimpLich trying to live especially right now is hard to stay safe!!
Yeah could use help with it forsure message me!!
This is your cure pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36959360/
Those things literally look terrifying
Lol
Let’s hope they are to rogue harmful cells! You can make a brilliant phage therapy for yourself, look up and research Gc-MAF
The coolest micro-creatures I have seen - bacteriophages...!!!
Bacteria: who are you?
My name is Phage. BacterioPhage.
AHHHHH! THAT VOICE IS SO ANNOYING
This is strange ... on Star Trek Voyager in the first season, there is an episode where they talk about a virus that has infected a specific civilization and they call it "The Phage". It's even spelled the same. But these viruses here are supposed to attack bacterial infections without harming their hosts. I wonder why the writers chose to call the virus in that particular episode "The Phage"?
Their like flood carriers and infection forms
Is consideration being given to the fact that these living organisms could have negative side effects? Once they are done with the bacteria cells, is it possible that they would mutate and start feeding on other cell types? Is it possible that they might release substances that could cause a detrimental effect on the very organism they are meant to save?
Phages only specialise in one bacteria, which mean, hypothetically, if you have 2 infection, you would need 2 types of phages to kill them, because phages dont care for anything but its one and only bacteria
Human cell is too different, it would take a whole new course of evolution for phages to target human, the chance is like, "what if your lungs became selfware and attack your own body?"
In fact, there are about 1 million billion of them inside your intestines right now
Aucun problème
Les phages n'attaquent que les bactéries
Bacteria: i will end you
Phage: yes
I wish phases could just kill COVID-19
@Nicholas Negron
Oh
But not COVID-19 right?
@Nicholas Negron like what kind of virus. Last time I checked viruses couldn't kill other viruses
I just realized,this virus seems familiar to a cartoon.....maybe Steven universe...
YOLEX GAMING
Can’t believe Mother Nature copied Steven universe smh
The injector machine?
Ye xD
Jimmy neutron
Lol ye jokes
The Soviet Union was doing this in the 70's. They already were using 2 tons a day.
Everybody gangsta until phage enters the chat
I somehow have a hunch that this will go wrong somehow. Just a tiny, tiny hunch.
Drug resistant bacteria: the body shall die lmao
Phage: no u
Phages are kinda cute but i want one in me now thx cuties
You need phage?
There's millions in your body right now
Fauchi is guilty
One question! Do Phages kill good bacteria like Lactobassilus?
They kill bacteria soooooo
@@rolebub2955 :O
@@imsogood77 but they only go to bacteria that there genes kill so maybe
Phage used to treat bacterial infections will be selected (or in some cases engineered) to attack only the specific bacteria they will combat. It is extremely unlikely that therapeutic phages will evolve to recognize and attack other types of bacteria or human cells. Phages are highly specific, and only make copies of themselves in the presence of the bacteria they target.
@@liam_dory Oh...so I think we might use phages to fight infections in the future! :)
I am a little late, but if anyone can answer this I would appreciate it. Could phages be responsible for curing or causing the remission of diseases in situations where alternative or homeopathic cures are thought to be responsible? From what I understand, the phages used to cure various diseases are found in nature, identified, and selectively reproduced in a lab setting in order to make enough of that particular phage for theraputic purposes. Does this mean if somebody with a particular disease comes across the a phage that kills that bacteria in the wild it would have no observable effect? At what threshold does a phage stand a chance of killing the bacteria? From everything I have been able to find, it seems like even a few phages could use a host bacteria to reproduce on a massive scale because they take over the bacteria and force it to produce more phages until the bacteria bursts.
Thank you for your inquiry. Patients with bacterial infections have been found with natural phages that have the potential to cure the infections. What has yet to be documented are cases where the observed natural bacteriophages have cured the infections. For example, rice water stool (a form of diarrhea) is a common occurrence in patients suffering from cholera, and bacteriophages which will attack the bacteria causing cholera are often found in this stool. For more information on this finding, please see the following paper: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304168
There are still many aspects of phage science which require further research, such as how many phages would be needed to treat different kinds of bacterial infections under different circumstances. We hope this information will be useful to you.
@@niaid Thank you so much for taking the time to respond to me.. It is difficult to this type of information and believe me I have tried.. there is a lot of research to be done it seems! Thank you for the article I will be reading it ASAP.
#Phages are the best
Hey, thanks spidery things
its like a nano bot mechanicaly produced in your body
phages are cool and everyone can agree
Sugar cane memory wooden cane wooden dragon 2024 feng shui mercury iron magnetic planet sun rise location diwata maya mula multi spectrum up davao morong space port catfish flying fish nebula cats eye crab nebula atom magnetic electromagnet light
Like a nano robot
I like phages
I wish there was an immune cell that would produce these guys.
Thats not possible cells cant produce viruses
@@macdoworkerventi3986 yeah because the phages only go for bacteria, they don't go to human cells
Who knows, one day, with the advancement of technology and genetic coding, we will add one ourselves :)
Phages: Prepare for trouble!
Antibiotics: And make it double!
They will not be available for a hundred years but thanks for something 😂😂😂
Thanks little robots
these are absolutely horrifying
They keep you alive so I think you should thank them.
in what ways
They are kind tho
@@xistl4278 by killing bacterias ya know
@@xistl4278 since they are actively living in you body since birth. Bacteria are humanity's enemy and phages kill bad bacteria with ease. Very good for us. Plus antibiotics are starting to suck and also kill good bacteria too. Not worth it.
steven universe fans: ahh spinel's injector
Ikr I was thinking about that too
But thanks to these guys killing bad bacterias.
kurzgesagt is great
Please let me know that how these phages identify into good microbial flora, and bad bacteria in human body?
They don't know the difference between "bad" and "good," certain types of phages attack certain types of bacteria
They are cute
Talked about this in grad school in the 70s.
The enemy of my enemy is my friend
Then little guys are lit 🔥
How would people even get this, oh god.
Is that alive? Does it have consciousness? Creepy micro alien shit
No it's a virus
Good phage, bad phage,, the phage in covid 19 is attacking what bacteria in humans or do phages attack all bacteria given the chance to mutate
a bacteria phage is a virus ,viruses have phages,why wouldn’t one think, a virus is a phage
The scary part is that they're are also viral pages too...
Finally natural is different and better
Next war of the worlds, Bacteriophaghes
Is there an issue with white blood cells? What did I miss? This is extra af and unnecessary fr
Your not the sharpest tool in the box it seems
What exactly is Womezon Remedy? How does this thing really work? I see lots of people keep on speaking about this bacterial vaginosis remedy.
Does Womezon Remedy really work? I see lots of people keep on speaking about Womezon Remedy. But Im not sure if it's good enough to cure your bacterial vaginosis issue inherently .
Wait. Can it kill the other viruses like somekindof poisened?
Thank you for your inquiry. Bacteriophages are viruses which attack specific kinds of bacteria. However, they do not attack other viruses or human cells. Thus, they are unlikely to be an effective treatment for viral infections. We hope this information is useful to you.
@@niaid
So what do you do if a virus becomes immune to antibiotics?
@@ansh6370 Thank you for your inquiry. Antibiotics are designed to work against bacteria or other simple living organisms that can cause disease. These drugs are not effective against viruses. Some viral infections can be treated with antiviral drugs, and many viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines. We hope this information is useful to you.
@@ansh6370 that question is wrong
Why dont we try to use the phages against the coronavirus
because they only kill bacteia
Awesome explain
I am a bit confused 🤔.means are this phage are bacteria 🦠 or anti-bodies ?
A virus that attacks bacteria.
They are virus, a natural virus that specifically killed bacteria.
Guided missiles that multiply
How bacteriophage inject it's DNA in to the host as it is non living out side of host cell
the name of that is bacteriophage!!
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John 3:16, Ephesians 2:8-9, Romans 4:5, Jesus Christ is the only way, KJV
When I was studying microbiology, I was speaking to my professor about this very application. The problem we discussed was that this sort of treatment is usually only valid for the first treatment. You could never use the phage a second time if the patient becomes reinfected because the body would develop an immune response to the phage, as it is a foreign invader. Is this still an issue, and if so, how do you combat it??
Is gentically modifying the Phage possible?
@@kogan6025 kurguzugt
Phages are still viruses....meaning they can evolve also against bacteria
You and your professor clearly only think in global concepts. There is a limit to how fast your body will remove the phage. So if you overload the system with a high concentration, immunity to phage is a non-issue.
Possibly different types of phages?
oh, yeah I see it you say it already