Krakatoa - The Great Volcanic Eruption
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- Опубліковано 17 жов 2024
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Docudrama about the gripping story and events leading up to the cataclysmic eruption of the volcano Krakatoa in 1883.
On 27th August 1883 the uninhabited island of Krakatoa blew itself out of existence with an explosion the equivalent power of 150 million tonnes of TNT. The eruption was so loud that the sound was heard over a twelfth of the Earth’s surface, the shockwaves reverberated around the entire planet, seven times. This explosion also caused giant tsunami, the largest of them twice the height of those of 2004. These enormous waves wiped out 165 Indonesian towns and villages killing over 36,000 people. Within hours news of the disaster was transmitted around the globe, and scientists of the time struggled to comprehend the geological forces that caused the tragedy.
Indonesia has so many volcanoes and earthquakes because of its geographical position. The archipelago that starts in Northern Sumatra stretches over 3,000 miles south. It has been created by the forces where two of the tectonic plates that make up the Earth’s surface, meet. The ocean floor of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Asian landmass of the Burma Plate are in collision. As they push against each other the heavier ocean floor is forced underneath the lighter continental rock. Krakatoa lies directly above this subduction zone.
This film reconstructs the true stories of survivors from their accounts and diaries, to piece together what happened in the months leading up to the most famous eruption of all time.
![[UA] NAVI vs MOUZ | BO5 | IEM Rio 2024](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/CMBYk0cbGoA/mqdefault.jpg)
This has to be one of the best documentaries of Krakatoa that I've ever seen. Well-done to those who participated in the film's production.
Yup agree. This and bbc's krakatoa the last days documentary were well done.
I’m sorry but it is hard for me to take seriously what is an essence a document-DRAMA for an actual documentary. Seems sad to me that to pander to people they have to turn the history to in part a dramatization. For example, letting us know that the Chinese used grasshoppers to predict volcanic eruptions via a scene of a young lad informing the head scientist this is so. I mean, really! It’s not that I am questioning the validity of the fact- it’s more that I find it a little bit unpalatable that to seriously learn about this important event we have do so in the form of historical drama which may take whoever knows what liberties the writers might take to keep the masses interested.
I know- you are probably thinking why is it then that I didn’t just get off my high horse and just change the “You Tube channel” to something else-or perhaps read a book. Well, I certainly did not get any further than this scene before I stopped watching I can assure you....But for whatever reason I felt the need to get my thoughts out there- sorry if I upset anyone.
I've watched this so many times but it's so well done 👏
@@johnd8776 You seem to not understand why docu-dramas exist. Let's look at from a bigger picture. There are things that the general public enjoys, you know, superheroes, action scenes, happy endings, etc. These are things many members of the American population share (this documentary was made for an Western audience in mind) when it comes to the media they consume, so there are things that just tend to have more appeal than others.
With that in mind, a natural disaster is a terrifying thing, something most people don't like to think about, but are fascinated by the forces that cause them, instead of how it affects people. Watch a lot of videos on natural disasters, and the most popular ones depict the event happening, not what happens to the people. In America, there is this ideal of individualism, and it's generally harder to get the population to care about a large group of people, in comparison to an individual or a few people. Which is why many popular documentaries go for a dramatic style of presentation, using dramatization as a way to tell the story, and to guide the viewer along, giving them someone/something to invest their emotions in. This documentary probably wouldn't be as popular if it was just someone narrating information about the event with animated backgrounds, the story element keeps people enamored, it's why storytelling is so important.
Not everyone will like these types of documentaries, but as long as they stay factual, and stick what they know best, they are both helping with the awareness of the event and being well, factual.
@@justwolfex Well said. I like docu-reenactments vs docudramas; for example, I like this and the one on Pompeii that combines archaeologic finds with the reenactments (of course we don't know exactly how the people acted or what they thought exactly, and unfortunately, they didn't have the means to document events in those days. I wouldn't be interested in seeing a docudrama about the Boxing Day tsunami and I won't watch one about 9/11 for the reasons John D listed.
I just want to give a shoutout to the lighthouse watcher.
In just one massive sweep of nature's cruelty he loses the lighthouse, his family and probably his home, effectively his life. And what does he do? Puts a lantern on a stick and continues his job keeping folks at sea safe, because that's what he came there to do. What a man!
You forgot,,, survived a direct hit from a 40 meter wall of water.
@@drewp1974 437
What else would there be to do? I couldn’t think of anything better to do.
Wont see anyone doing this today..ESPECIALLY.libtards
@@drewp1974 a WA
The fact that the lighthouse keeper continued to guide ships with whatever scraps he had left to protect them from running aground, despite just having lost his wife and child, is truly heroic.
I'm remembering the officer in a little town in Ohio during the 1974 tornadoes.. She was manning the dispatch center all the time she was aware that her family was in ground zero for the worst zone of the destruction... She was a"rock"!!!
I don't remember her name, but I will never forget her courage... 🌹
Love
Toemang the light house keeper. What a Man.
"We were the tenants in our own land"
"47 Coloniser die got widely reported, Thousands of local didn't even get identified".
We have a whole bunch of reason to hate the Dutch. but we don't. We forgives and choose to live in peace and harmony.
Maybe that's why we live happier with a lot less worldly things then others.
Maybe that's why we always have a smile in our faces.
Come visit Indonesia, our hands wide open to welcome you, to embrace you, whoever you are, there'll always be a space for you here.
That was his job
@@kaningrat
I Feel you have a heart of gold, and my favorite place in the planet. I am on the west coast Oregon of USA
I've watched a lot of documentaries about volcanic eruptions (I'm a geologic junkie) and have never seen one SO masterfully done as this one. I've always have been drawn to the Krakatoa eruption ever since I was a kid looking wide eyed at a book in school about the eruption. It will forever fascinate me. I agree with all other comments about the honor and strength of that lighthouse keeper. I'm just glad his story, and others from the captain and crew of the ship that survived endured to this day.
My moms parents came from slaves from Virginia. Pernelia McDaniel was mated to a man named McDaniel, Scottish man who was a slave along with his family.
On the slave log, she had 3 children with him. He was also listed with his wife and five children as servants also being poor.
Pernelia had a 3 year old son, a 6 year old daughter and Nancy. When they were sold she could not find the younger ones but did find Nancy as she was 17 when she got her back. If the slave were half white they faired better..the next slave log 5 years later showed the youngest ones were not on the list as they were sold never to be found.
When the were freed, Pernelia lived with Nancy got married to another ex slave John Miller. They had Grace..Grace told my mom how her .I'm Nancy said when Kracatoa exploded the sky was orange and the air was cooler than normal.
Grace was born in 1991 and married Nelson Vinton Lethridge in Ohio, Gallia County. They had mom and mom hadcme.
I also love history and can't get enough of it too. Life is always amazing. I saw yoyr name and just had to share. Take care cousin. Paula
@@videorocketzmillar007milla5😅
Coloniser thé captain with clandestine passengers.
The Dutch had a very orderly and beneficial form of government in those colonial days.
@@videorocketzmillar007milla5 Oh awesome!!! I'll have to check out some genealogy and see if there is any relation to them. Thanks for telling me!!!
I'm Indonesian, I live near Krakatoa volcano, namely in Bakauheni District, South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. here the scenery is very beautiful.
how big is the new volcano now?
Beautiful and deadly.
Aside from the looming danger in the background?
22:35 To see how the ocean just stopped for a short moment, and went back to normal was amazing. Nature is really strong.
God is an amazing designer!!!
@@nickyjean175 and the Devil is an amazing destroyer
@@nickyjean175 no
@@BJenno no
i though it was lava under water at first
I sailed past what was left of Krakatoa in '85 when I was in the Navy.
There was a smallish island smoking in the gap between the larger outer part of the remaining island and Langi island.
It was named "Anak Krakatoa" (Child of Krakatoa).
Since then that small smoky island has increased in size dramatically as the volcano continues to regrow. (About an extra 540 ft. since then)
I was told at the time that the 'hole' left by the original explosion was approximately 6,000 ft deep.
that anak krakatoa is often still active and throwing eruption every now and then.
WOW.. so that initial 6000 ft deep under sea caldera that collapsed when Krakatowa erupted is now a 6540 foot new volcano. That is over a mile for you folks playing at home . What an awsome experience you had Boss Dog. Thank for chairing. Yes , I meant chairing. lol. your adventure makes me want to get up and go. Very cool Boss dog.
@@trevormiles5852 😁
@@trevormiles5852on its way to be a super volcano
Wow. Thanks for the first hand account
50:12 what an awesome sight. The entire eruption in a physical time lapse. Incredible. I remember watching this as a kid and being traumatized by the eruption and tsunami sequence
Q IPO
You thing THAT is traumatic. Just wait 'til you meet the "God", responsible. He/She/It, is an ornery old cuss and an ornery old cuss, was He/She/It. JUST IN TIME FOR (ornery old) CUSSTMAS!!!!!!
@@ihavefallenandicantreachmy2113 You grandstanding goofy Bible thumpers are seriously THE braindead clowns of the UA-cam comment section.
You have a preferred version of invisible supernatural super being....being adult, you should be ashamed of yourself being that freaking gullible.
The dedication of that lighthouse keeper is the most amazing thing I've ever heard.
Just like prvt Doss the battle medic
This documentary catches my attention not only because of the anecdotes of Krakatoa's eruption like the bittersweet survival of the Beyerincks and the keeper of the Fourth Point Lighthouse, but also the mentioning of two interesting Dutch Government steamships: Governor-General Loudoun and Berouw. If I can visit Indonesia in the future, the Berouw mooring buoy monument and the ruins of the Fourth Point Lighthouse would be my go-to spots.
The lighthouse keeper was a truly hero. Indonesia must be proud to have such brave people.
I have infinite amounts of respect for the lighthouse keeper who stood at his post even after it was destroyed and he was nearly killed
Boats are important it’s life saving
This is the best Krakatoa documentary I’ve seen.
I agree. This and bbc's krakatoa the last days documentary were well done.
You should've read my Doctor's report after I stubbed my toe.
@@actsismmljcorrectlyobeyed6190 blocked and reported
😆😅🤣😁😂
I agree too but I seem to remember a longer version of the same video.🤔
I began watching this out of mere curiosity and had no intention of watching the whole hour and a half of it. I just couldn't stop watching though. This was a really great production.
I’ve watched this at least 10 times
@@cruisepaigeI had this on DVD. Watched it countless times as well.
@@brandonsavitski "Digital Video Disk." JUST IN TIME FOR DISXMAS!!!!!
when i was a child my mum told me about this. she was born in 59. her great grandmother told her about the "sound heard around the world". wow!
Damn
Saya orang indonesia, berterima kasih atas dokumentasi ini, sekarang kami memiliki anak krakatoa, yang bebarapa waktu lalu erupsi membuat tsunami kecil serta memakan korban yang berada ditepi pantai yang sedang mengadakan konser termasuk vocalis Band Seventeen tersebut.
I love how around 51:00 the guide is interested on how the event happened and how the scientist is more than happy to explain it. I just find that really wholesome.
I knowww so cute 😊
Videos like these are a sobering reminder that nature is always the one in charge. No matter what we do to the planet, eventually it is going to win, and we can do nothing to stop it.
ElveeKaye Really, you think so?? You're so smart!!
ElveeKaye
Not really, we can just fuck up the planet and move to mars, humanity is more powerful than nature
@Love well when you think about it, what has humanity done that can even come close to the scale of this volcano? And this is comparatively small when you look at super volcanoes such as the Lake Toba volcano and the Yellowstone volcano. I think it's very arrogant to suggest that we can change the planet as much as these monster volcanoes do.
Agreed.. only a stupid, naive man who thinks he can conquer the mother nature..
Those scientists had some balls to climb up onto an erupting volcano. If I felt a single earthquake while staying near a volcano, i'd get the hell out of dodge immediately
Anything for science :)
The were Dutch.
They did think it was over, too.
Ignorance is bliss.
YES!!!
100 percent agreed
The most famous and the biggest eruption in recent history. One of the best stories and studies needed to be told.
Tambora 1815 was ten times larger
@@aron1332 toba: *laughs*
@@aron1332although Tambora eruption was way stronger in scale, the Krakatoa eruption is deadlier. 36k casualties vs Tambora's 10k.
@@holycoke6133 the Toba eruption is still a THEORY until now. Plus the keyword here is RECENT.
@@MyClinton123 it wa during the belle epoque
I recall my 75 year old grandmother in England telling me about krakatoa when I was a young man. I never thought much about it until later on in my life , I'm tempted to visit the area on my next visit to Indonesia. I'm being pulled like a magnet.
@Old Iron Wow, that's crazy. I would love to go visit that volcano, but I'm way too far away :(
you might wanna learn the local language as well as locals tend to charge way more for foreigners
I wouldn't recommend it not after what happened in my country!
I don't know if you know but Krakatoa are no longer exist, the mountain just explode it self in 2019 I think...
@@DanyalElia reply one year later. Update Anak Krakatau, 2022 it already has new cone for 100m height after 2018 eruption. The volcano is more wide now.
Wow, this was an Outstanding documentary. Thanks for taking us there.
1:21:14 'it appears that Krakatoa is preparing itself for another huge eruption'
Little did they know that Anak Krakatau would erupt in 2018 where most of the crater collapsed and sunk into the ocean which caused a tsunami.
Rest In Peace all the beings that lost their lives...very sad...well done documentary
Weird to think that we're the descendants of all the people who survived this calamity and many more to follow.
Didnt they say that the sound of the explosion was heard 2000 miles away??? I can only imagine how loud it must have been to those within view of the volcano... 😣
They became deaf i guess.. If it was heard 2000 miles away it would be a not so loud thud i guess..
Most of those in view of the volcano were not around to discuss it afterward.
Many survivors became deaf from it. Ear drums were damaged hundreds of miles away. But it's not always like that. When Mt. St. Helen's erupted in 1980 people far away heard the explosion but many people near the volcano didn't know it had erupted until they saw the approaching blast because the sound went up and away from the mountain itself.
Dom M The blast was also approaching at close to the speed of sound initially - and the speed of sound rises in hot gases (by 1.5 times at 400C to 1.9 times at 700C typical of pyroclastic flows).
Basically it hits you before you hear it at close range.
they are absolutely deaf.
Wonderful documentary. Enjoyed watching it. Would love to see more such documentaries about nature.
I first read about krakatoa when I was about 7yrs old I'm now 77 this was the best documentary I've seen in all those years
Your now 79😮
As a man with a fiance and child, im not sure I could've remained working after my wife and kid were killed by a tsunami- my ultimate respect and sympathy goes to him, as well as any others who were caught by this legendary eruption
Did they mention that 1000's became deaf from the high energy of the sound waves this made?
People on a ship 40 miles away got ruptured eardrums.
100 miles away a 172 db sound level was recorded.
+Sukram Sukram
172 db is a LOT of db! But my mom would say that my guitar amp is louder ...
Jim Dille
LOL :)
wasn't Munch's "der Schrei" (the Scream) based on the skyline after Krakatoa?
+Sukram Sukram People always forget about that. When Toba went off and very few people were around, the db level was insane. Very good chance anyone close was turned deaf immediately. The same thing will happen if Yellowstone goes off, something higher in frequency than a jet engine will blast over thousands of square miles.
+Peder Hansen Atmospheric pressure and audio compression waves can be measured with air pressure measuring tools. One kind of tool is called a barometer.
They had these back then in case you were not aware.
100 miles away from Krakatoa, a barometer at the Batavia gasworks registered the related spike in pressure at over 2.5 inches of mercury. That converts to over 172 decibels of sound pressure.
Here's the scary thing: Kratakau is still considered an _active_ volcano. Today, Anak Krakatau, the new volcano that subsequently formed after the 1883 eruption, still erupts on a regular basis and another gigantic eruption could happen at any time....
+George David Trolling: fail.
sacto1654 so is Vesuvius in Italy last time it erupted was 1944
There is nothing to worry about unless it stops erupting on a regular basis. The absence of regular small eruptions is what triggered such an enormous eruption.
Even if it stopped erupting today, it would be several decades or even 1-3 centuries before a major eruption like this.
***** Nobody cares, now go be a whiny emo somewhere else.
The Rookie takes one to know one
Im watching this coz of quarantine.its so amazing documentary.
AGREE
ua-cam.com/video/YuU0ULdORy0/v-deo.html
Fuck, don’t give 2021 any ideas.
I watched this in my free time in school before we went in lockdown
I was born in Washington state and happened to be working in Oklahoma at the time of the Mt St Helens eruption. One of my workmates family lived close to the eruption so , we were particularly interested in what was happening. We really realized the extent of the disaster when we found a layer of ash all the way in Oklahoma covering our truck.
I was in junior high when Mt St Helen erupted. I remember the sky's after wards out east..instead of blue , they were a green hazy type of sky. And that was in NW Ohio
That was a cold summer
I’m originally from New Hampshire, and apparently even we had ash come down heavy enough to cause traffic problems. (I wasn’t alive when the eruption happened though.)
I was still in my father's ballsack when Mount St. Helens erupted in 1980.
Old school scientists were dedicated as all hell.
Kevin Harris I know right!!
Old Iron, in certain ways perhaps it was. However, in most ways it absolutely wasn't (for instance this video reminds us of western dedication to the slavery that is colonization).
Old Iron, you said that it was a much better time for humanity in certain ways. If you would mention specific ways (i.e. the apples), then perhaps it would be unnecessary to bring up the oranges. Is it really this easy to get a SJW label now? All I have to do is mention something not too great about western history/society? Considering you seem to be able to write intelligible sentences, there is no need to jump to classic "I don't have any arguments"-remarks such as "SJW!" or "snowflake", etc.
Claiming that something is human nature does of course not make any difference when speaking of the actions of people that presumably have moved past the unstoppable urge to follow any basic instinct they might have. It's also human nature for a jealous lover to murder his potential rival, but the argument doesn't hold up during a murder trial.
And yes, it's not only western countries that are guilty of this, but in the period we're discussing, countries in the west are undisputed champions of international cruelty. Lacking any supernatural powers, it's of course hard to see whether or not any country could be better off with being colonized (it would however be a really lucky accident, as this was no part of the colonizers' motive), but considering that this exact argument was also used as propaganda by most empires during colonization, I would be careful to take it to heart too easily. It's at best an unprovable hypothesis, and at worst a voice of support for one of the darkest chapters in history.
Hardly triggered, but perhaps I misunderstood your SJW-comment. In that case, feel free to elaborate, as I saw nothing of the kind in this video.
However, you clearly lack any real knowledge of the horrors of colonization, and prefer to "whaddabout"-it with the insistence of talking about Islam being worse. Yes, don't worry, I'm not forgetting that the scary muslims also did bad things. You keep mentioning that colonization was wrong, but your attitude seem to be that it was a lucky break for the colonized, and I've yet to see you making any real mention of why it was wrong. It's impossible to know that Indonesians would be better off, but it's quite possible to know that it was not the colonizer's choice to make (neither the west or otherwise), and any possible bright sides would be a pure by-product (because colonies was only about profits, without regard for the local population) of a morally indefensible act.
When making my comment, I honestly didn't think I would be met by a hard defense for colonization, but here we are.
Colonializm in its entirety is absolutely one of the darkest chapters in history, with millions lf people killed (I don't see why comparing the human nature of murder with the human nature of colonizing in any way is out of line), enslaved, and immense amounts of land ripped from indigenous people. You only speak of Indonesia, which is a tiny fragment of the injustices happening all around the world for centuries. This video is about Indonesia, but the time period you're glorifying goes far beyond Indonesia.
old iron, are you white? just that the sjw crap is usually spouted by racist old white men who have never been stopped and searched just because they happen to be walking down the road!!
I cannot believe that the crew is standing in Anak Krakatoa's crater, a wildly active volcano, at time marker 1:25. Volcanologists are some of the bravest and yet craziest people on the planet, but we desperately need them and what they learn!
true
Not really. That things got enough instruments all over it that they'll know it's going to erupt before it does.
@@rosiehawtreyblew itself up again since his comment…
Active volcanoes with regular eruption is scary, but nothing compared to an active volcano with regular eruption that suddenly goes dormant for no reason. That's a ticking nuclear bomb waiting for the countdown hits zero.
I'm worried about fuji now
Char
Try google " mt. sinabung"
@@sigitprabowo6472 it's active and most of it's eruptions are not much destructive.
Yeah what about old faithful area right in this country. How destructive will that b when it blows?
I can't imagine what the decibel level of the explosion could have been to be heard over 12% of the Earth.
It had to pulverize rock itself into atoms,on the level of many nuclear explosions,for example.
Still stunning that anyone,anyone in the region, survived at all.
Like the lighthouse keeper,there should be a memorial honoring him in particular there.
We are nothing in the true face of nature's power.
Just to clarify, 1/12 means 8.33% rather than 12%, still wildly impressive. An eruption in Quito could be heard all the way in New York City, Paris to Astana, or Dublin to Boston.
Hats off to the captain of the ship. He knew that the ash was still hot and that they need to throw all gunpowder overboard. 👍🏻
Captain Lindeman was a brilliant and experienced captain. Based on the fact that he was so accurate in his writings about the eruption shows that he probably had seen eruptions like that before and knew of the dangers. and was quick to act upon it.
Who direct this film is genius.maybe one of the ships crew that realize it.maybe the gunpowder is in storage.hats off to the director
J
LshslhflldslsklhFSgdlslcmslhfsngdh
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I sailed past Anak Krakatoa in 1985. It was relatively small at the time but smoking. From pictures I've seen recently it has grown quite a bit.
I had my daughter watch this as a History lesson, and when she was learning about the earth crust. She's fascinated by volcanoes.
Krakatoa just sounds like a wickedly badass volcano name.
wait until you hear about Novarupta in Alaska
And a bad god
Came for the young Richard Pryor thumbnail, stayed for the excellent documentary. Well done.
He really does look like Richard Pryor 🤣 Good call!
Spot on
@@wendirose509 sssssssssssssßsssßssssßssssssssssssssssssßsssßssßsssesssssssß we ssessßßsssßsßßßsßssßßßßssßßsßßsßßßsßßßssssssssssssssssssssssssssssßsßssezssssezessssßsßßsßssßsssßsßßßßeßsßsßssssßssßsssssßssßssssßßßßssssssssssßsssssssssssssßßßßßsßßßsssssßßßaaaaaaaaaaaàaààsasàaaaaaaaaa
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@@brendonfritz4468 I like your funny words magic man
What distinguishes Indonesia from other countries is actually MOTHER NATURE, the biological mother in Indonesia is Mother Nature because one above all. I have studied for 24 years about international history documenting the history of natural disasters in Indonesia and have visited Indonesia in 2010, 2015 and 2018. This country has a natural category at a really high level. This country made me have an amazing experience when I was there, it can even be ascertained to be sick, tired, disappointed, goosebumps, give up, cry, happy, laugh, excite, afraid, shaking, wounded and can even die others at the same time. A country that I am very interested in learning about nature there and I enjoy, actually a trip to Indonesia is not about a relaxing and calm trip but about adventure and exploration by accepting the natural consequences there.
It turns out that the power of Mother Nature in each country is different, each country has a different Mother Earth and no power is the same. The only country that has Mother Nature that can kill so many people is Indonesia (Estimated death toll is at least 10,000 - 95% of human deaths worldwide). The topic that discusses natural disasters in Indonesia is on a global scale because many countries have assisted in evacuation or donations in Indonesia, because it cannot be denied that nature in Indonesia can also cause damage to various countries with very risky status. The level is not only destructive but can kill.
Even international history records no volcanic eruptions from other countries that can kill at least 30,000 people in one explosion except for volcanoes in Indonesia. That is nature in Indonesia whose strength is not kidding and is very strong. Volcanoes Vesuvius, Pinatubo, Etna, Helens, Stromboli, Sakurajima, Fuji, Kinabalu, Azufral, Inthanon and others cannot come close to the fatalities of volcanoes in Indonesia because Indonesia was not originally an archipelagic country, but was called SAHULLAND and SUNDALAND (Mainland, not Islands).
Even in 2004, the rampage of the Mother Nature in Indonesia was also the mastermind that killed ± 230,000 people in various countries because near Sumatra (Banda Aceh) there was broken soil that collapsed in a canyon in the sea which caused tsunamis to many countries. Even Bali and Lombok experienced natural disasters in 2018 so all international tourism coming to Indonesia was closed due to the earthquake, Krakatoa eruption again in 2022, Toba, Samalas, Ancient Bratan, Ancient Sunda Volcanoes, Earthquake Lampung, Earthquake Sulawesi, Earthquake Maluku and so on (Those are just a few examples, there are too many to mention). Even from 1,000 researchers internationally and many international websites give the predicate that nature in Indonesia is "VERY ABNORMAL".
Each country has a different Mother Nature, because the history of international researchers is always observed, studied and documented in each country. Mother Nature in Indonesia is labeled as "So beautiful but killer". If the total is 1500 - 2022, Indonesia experiences ±800 million natural disasters (from the smallest to the largest "MACRO, MEZZO, MICRO"), imagine how crazy and strong it would be. Even natural disasters from other countries do not come close to that figure. The tantrums and natural brutality in Indonesia that are recorded internationally have even hit Africa, Europe, America, Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. Even until it was written and immortalized by researchers from European, Chinese, Russian, Nordic, Slavik, US, UK, Arabian, Indian, African, Latin, Korean and Aussie. Just imagine how strong and crazy nature is there.
It is undeniable that Mother Nature in Indonesia is indeed very beautiful, strange, unique, diverse, different, amazing and extraordinary but is actually the mastermind behind the most brutal killers in the world (It can have a fatal impact on other countries, not just 1 or 10 incidents recorded in history).
After all, we as humans cannot blame Mother Nature there (Indonesia), because nature there has the will to rage every time when it wakes up from its sleep. Even in 2022, Indonesia experienced 2,654 natural disasters (January - Oct) this is really brutal.
There's even a band Within Temptation making a song called Mother Earth, In the lyrics, it really describes Mother Nature in Indonesia, which often happens. Where it turns out that the vocalist (Sharon Den Adel) has lived in Indonesia. Also where the USA (Spongebob Cartoon series) once mentioned "SQUIDWARD KRAKATOA" which is the name of a volcano in Indonesia that experienced a massive explosion in 535 B.C and 1883. This is why I am very interested in Indonesia, because all of it is in one country.
It can be said that basically human civilization (MAN-MADE) in Indonesia has always fought against "its own biological mother / Mother Nature". Every years in Indonesia, natural disaster more than 1.500 - 10.000 natural disasters. This signified that his strength was at the highest level since human history was formed.
Indonesia really has 2 different sides of Heaven and Hell colliding simultaneously, capturing the moment of traveling to Indonesia for me personally is very impressive and awesome.
My message to Indonesia is to be happy and grateful for those of you who have "biological mothers" who have been named as 2 different categories in the world on a global scale from the past until now, in the eyes of researchers on Mother Nature. Natural history in Indonesia is engraved, documented and enshrined in many countries in the world "Your mother was very extraordinary".
July 2022, Anak Krakatoa erupts again but on a smaller scale (VEI 2) you can check in google, because this is real.
Samalas, Ancient Bratan Bali, Ancient Sunda Supervolcano, Agung Bali, Bromo, Kerinci, Patah, Raung, Ileboleng, Wayang Windu, Lumut, Rinjani, Batutara, Gamalama, Lewotobi, Todoko, Dempo, Jayawijaya, Geureudong and so on : Hey Krakatoa, can we join the party? We envy you so much that mom always allows you to erupt.
Anak Krakatoa : You have to ask permission to Mother first before the eruption.
±500 volcanoes in Indonesia : I'm afraid it's better not to deal with Mother, if she wakes up from her sleep we will all be destroyed.
Mother Nature in Indonesia : Never try to wake me from sleep, I never hesitate to give consequences.
All Nature Places in Indonesia : Ok Mother, we really absolutely love you.
Information about volcanoes in Indonesia, that there is a supervolcano warehouse that makes Indonesia an archipelago that was originally Indonesia as a mainland. 70% The land in Indonesia collapsed into the sea (SAHULLAND AND SUNDALAND).
It wasn't mother nature that caused the volcanic eruption, it was God
Wow!!! Thank you for your information. Fascinating information.
You are amazing . Thank you for your insight. Your parents must be proud of you
Java Island was once colonized by the Dutch/VOC and then taken over by the British/EIC but rumors were that the governor representing the EIC at that time Thomas Stamford Raffles afraid of volcanoes in Indonesia, so he exchanged bolsters for the island of Java with the island of Singapore, which at that time Singapore was controlled by the Dutch, finally Singapore was controlled by the British and Java was again controlled by the Dutch.
I know about our country's mega disasters but never to this scale of information you wrote. The literal heaven and hell colliding here somehow can be felt to my very core
It is difficult to conceive how much energy was expended to obliterate an island the size of Krakatoa.
It is too hard to understand how it reverberated 7 times around earth,when Krakatoa was just a tiny volcano.
Cuz ur stupid
+Jeff Bowling wow kid
lol
It is so far out of our experience we have nothing to measure it against.
I've watched this documentary at least 5 times. I keep coming back here because it's super interesting and every time I discover something new.
Anyone else blown away by the fact that the lighthouse man survived this whole thing?
Sounds like everyone else WAS in fact, blown away.
@@MtnTow LOLZ....that was funny.
@@sv9943 not funny
Lighthouses are ten feet thick granite walls, a wave can go over them and they are designed to withstand it
@trf12567 Try not to be silly and do some research
This will be known to some of you but for the most detailed, moment by moment account of this eruption, as well as placing it in its proper historical context, definitely give the book “Krakatoa” by Simon Winchester a read.
He starts slowly and really sets the mood by describing the Sunda strait, the town of Batavia (now Jakarta), even the flora and fauna. Also, the geological processes at work. But patience pays off when the volcano goes boom. Masterful author, A+ book.
😅 LoL goes boom
Extremely well done and worth your time. How shameful to a lack of a true memorial to those lost.
How many people have died over time ? Who knows. Start a go fund me for memorials for every human lost.
How about extinct species.
And the guy who prepares your Starbuck's venti cappuccino.
It's all they could do back in the mid to late 1800's. Not every name could have been known as many whole families were wiped out from the tsunami alone. Many were also uneducated, so adding names no one knew how to spell was also a barrier not easily overcome. They did the best they could with what they had at the time. At least they did something to remember those who had met such tragedy.
For a long time, I thought it had been a steam explosion as originally thought, but this was very informative. It boggles the mind that 11 cubic miles of volcanic material was ejected.
"Of course it's science.. Everything is science."
A man ahead of his time.
“I’ve heard that the Chinese use grasshoppers” Sorry, but I couldn’t hold back my laughter when I heard the young lad utter those words! Sad that it seems that people are confusing a docudrama(underscore drama) for a documentary....
Science means Knowledge. You saying it..as if it is a cult.😁
Running from a 37 meters wall of water, I can't even imagine that
Yea because you would be more, than likely. Dead before you could, comprehend it.
Surfs up! ;*0
At that moment he knew he fucked up
But from mountain tambora bigger
@@MrAthera where exactly is tambora?
UA-cam has been recommending this for a year, I'm watching now because of the Tonga eruption/tsunami. It's hard to imagine this level of sudden destruction.
Such intense cinematography and acting on this, i get chills everytime i watch this
Say! You ARE really shaking! I assure you, there's no need to be so nervous.
Why Van Helsing was really after Me, the true story is like this...
Dutch exploiting S.E. Asia 1888, whispering: - "Ssssssshh!! don't wake up krakatoa...sssssshh!! quiet..."
Me: - BAAH!!!BAAAAHHH !!!!!! HEEEY!! WHAAAT THE FUUUUUUUCK!!!!!!!! WAKE UP YOU STUPID BUUM!!!! BAAAAAAAHH!!!!!!!!! LOL!!!!
@@CyanBlackflower ...huhhh?
And today, just 4 hours ago in Indonesia, a tsunami just happened in Sunda because of seabed movement around Anak Krakatao
La historia se repite or the story is back again
sad the public was not alarmed.
It's unlikely that Anak Krakatoa will violently explode if it is to follow the pattern of its former Krakatoa Volcanoes. All the former eruptions mentioned had been plugged up and stayed inactive for well over 200 years. Anak Krakatoa is still active. It's likely that Anak Krakatoa will make a violent expansion and cause a smaller tsunami (bigger than the one just released, but not 40 meters tall), but I seriously doubt it will explode as violently as it previously has.
@Coy Leigh from volcanologist of course
@Coy Leigh why so mad fucker
Impressive.
The Lighthouse Keeper stood at his post, warning shipping of the submerged rocks -
reminds us of the petrified Roman soldier at Pompey - Heroic stuff.
I never heard of him. Must google him.
Brilliant, gripping..... Educational and entertaining. Gimme much more of this.....
Amazing documentation. Difficult to comprehend how many people heard the sound waves and precipitation effects long after. And to the artist Ascroft who drew the sunsets changed by the atmospheric effects.
An observation on the Ascroft sunrise/sunset paintings -
Why do archivists permit visitors to press ungloved fingers upon precious documents that are otherwise stored in acid free boxes protected from 'harm'?
Look But Don't Touch might best be the instruction before files are opened and displayed for study.
This documentary repeatedly aknowledges the value of contemporaneous images and reports which have been, and should continue to be, preserved. Mis-handling defeates the purpose of preservation.
I'm literally crying.. It must be really terrifying for them. I can't even imagine the horror. Also pain of losing people you love..
Life in those days was terrifying.
"I've always wanted a volcano." Well young man, there you have it.
This is such a good documentary, it really puts nature in perspective. It just goes to show how the world has all the time in the world, we don't. All comments are excellent.
Captain Magma. Get him angry and he's bound to explode."Krakatoa!"
Keegan Helphenstine LOL Spongebob.
The Elastic Waistband! "I can finally touch my toes"!
It's erupt, not explode. Get it right scrub.
Oh yes, Keegan. Oh....yes.
FullCircle Empire /
R.I.P caged parrot, you never stood a chance
shouldve freed him from the cage atleast
@Voracious Reader what can you do when you live in a period where volcanology is quite unknown and you don't expect a cumulonimbus cloud of ash to form over your head as well as a 40 metre tall tsunami, its not their fault that nature killed the baby and the parrot.....im sure that if they had the modern tech that we have they'd have more time to escape and have the baby live and probably have time to release the parrot or any other animals they possessed.
The nanny was carrying the cage as they came out the door. Hopefully she dropped it and it broke open, giving him a chance.
Rest In Peace to everyone that was involved..
@@hatemf23 Even if the parrot was freed it still wouldn't have been able to survive due to all the ash in the air. It would wouldn't be able to fly, and even if it could fly it would still suffocate because of the ash.
How would you dislike something educational like this great video.
Its just all the other jealous and not as active volcanoes
@@aj9530 bruh😂
All the uneducated people
Unsupervised...
why do people that have nothing of any substance to say...still insist on a comment about the like buttons?
This was very well put together and presented.
Nice to see a production that is both factually accurate and artistically entertaining.
Well done. 👏🏻👍🏻
What pisses me off is that they do not mention Rogier Verbeek a single time. His accounts of the eruption are to this day the guide to modern volcanology.
You are apsolutely right !
That Dutch geologist and natural scientist deserved to be remember practicly 'till the end of the Earth's vulcanic activities, by which J mean very, very long future!
@@dusanninic9572 Yes I agree!
This is, without a doubt, a cause for concern. I suppose it was due to the competitive nature of the scramble for the occupation of overseas territories at the time. He was just wiped from historical records surrounding the eruption. Keep in mind that this eruption occurred while colonization was still underway in the global south.
@@admirebetera6544 Yes I just don't see how he can be wiped from historical records considering that his written works about the eruption is still used today as a guide to modern volcanology. So his name lives on in that and that guide probably is the guide to this documentary itself seeing as his written work about it is the best one out there.
Great film, very informative and very well done especially on recreating those scenes from the old days. Warm greetings from Indonesia :)
it is nice that they created a story line but it seems now days that the bulk of people take these stories to be what actually happened and believe its true history. over 50% of this program is imagination and speculation as to what happened to the characters not actual history. sadly our history is being seriously diluted by the imaginations of writers who create a story line that is entertaining
@@robnoregon Still better than your average spoon feeding Nova American syle documentary with annoying music and editing and interviewee overly animated fit for a 12 year old's attention.
Unless robnoregon has a way to time travel back to 1883 to ensure authentic coverage, he's doing too much.
@@robnoregon what bullshit your sprouting huh🙄
@@robnoregon there are documents left
Such documents and first hand knowledge has been taken as truth throughout history
So ill listen to that
They neglected to mention the sound waves. Ketaimbang was only 23 miles from the explosion yet men on ships 40 miles from the eruption were struck dumb when the sound wave hit. The loudest sound Earth's atmosphere can carry is 194 decibels. The Krakatoa was probably in the area of 200-250 db. It then turns into a pressure wave which cooks and crushes everything in it's path until it loses power through distance. So how did the colonial ruler and his family escape with their hearing?
I vaguely recall reading/seeing other docos referring to everyone (who were still alive, within direct vicinity of the cataclysmic sound shock, losing their hearing for hours/days/some didn't regain their hearing at all..?
If the loudest sound the Earth's atmosphere can carry is ~194 dB, which it is, then why would you think it could carry a sound wave of 200 - 250 dB? There is only so much compression that can occur, because there is only so much rarefaction that can occur. So if the compression front is leaving a rarefaction vacuum of 100%, then how could it carry more than that? Where would the extra pressure come from?
Not trying to be rude, just want to know how you're thinking of it.
Brian Roberts There's also another thing they forgot to mention: The pyroclastic flows crossing the Sunda strait and hitting the coast of Sumatra.
Just thinking off the top of my head and feel free to completely ignore me on this one but wouldn't the over pressure come from compression. A blast wave travelling out from the blast centre would pile up against the stationary air mass. The compressed air would virtually become a solid and sound can indeed travel far more effectively in a solid. Thus the higher DB sound levels close to the blast centre. It's a theory anyway. We don't know everything about everything yet. A lot of screwy strange things have yet to be offered any sort of explanation
Brian Roberts they were indoors when it blew and the surrounding vegetation also absorbed some of the sound
I was looking at a list of the names of all volcanoes in Indonesia, it was indeed very amazing because the shapes were very diverse, unique, strange and the same time dangerous. I want to meet all volcanoes in Indonesia. There is even a friend of mine who uses the name of a volcano in Indonesia (Ferdinandz "Tandikat").
Let's play music :
(Henson - Sahara Slowed Version) 😎
I am Indonesian by birth, and my hometown lies in a volcano, and it is still active
It is called Mt. Tangkuban Parahu, literally means *capsized boat* and when you see it from my hometown (heck even from my house). You could see why it named that way
When you see it, the volcano formed a trapezoid barrier, like a capsized boat. It also inspired local legend that the volcano happened because a particular man was angry for failing his mission to build a boat and a dam, so angry he kicked the boat and it became a volcano.
The volcano is still pretty much active. Not long ago it erupt an ashed and pumices, to the point that my backyard full of ash and i have to wet it to clean my backyard
ah i remember reading about this eruption being 180 decibels and 194 is the threshold of a sound wave on the earth's surface. sounds crazy and unbelievable that this eruption could be heard half way around the world.
Yellowstone will be even bigger
@@rosamontoya9154 yes it will wipe everything out. pretty scary.
I live in New Zealand a year after Mount Pinatubo erupted in 1993 the sunsets were incredible. The sky was deep red and purples streaked with hues of bright orange. This went on for at least another year. I had never seen anything before or since to match this spectacle.
Are you sure you didn't smoke something??
@@karlmeyer9473 Nope it was a national wide spectacle and was even reported on the news. It was astounding it lasted for months. I have never seen such colours before or since.
I went to Anak Krakatoa in september of 2012 and spent the night on Rakata. It was a large eruption going on at Anak Krakatoa at that moment. It was quite a sight, especially during the night.
not only was krakatoa the loudest explosion ever heard at that time but the air shock wave was recorded to have traveled around the earth 7 times before it got too weak to register on any of the gas works pressure gauges.
I bet that guy regretted never taking that walk with his wife, or spending more time with his baby. Don't miss those chances in life, because 'tomorrow' may never come.
Well they never said that actually happened
@@colatf2 Maybe it was artistic licence on the part of the writers, but the point still stands, I think.
Very well observed!! We are all here to learn from others.
Maybe she did get that walk with her husband. There's 3 months calm period until the great eruption. Maybe he agree to walk with his wife sometime during that 3 months.
Yeah... Let's all move to volcano land
WOW!! That was amazing to watch! What a time it must have been... And the information passed on, obviously invaluable! Thank you for the wonderful view of a piece of history. 💖
One hundred and fifty million tons of TNT, or 150 megatons if you will, is equivalent to the blast of 3 Tsar Bomba (which measured between 50 - 57 megatons when it was dropped by Soviet Union on Novoya Zemlya in the Arctic Circle). The effects of that nuclear blast was felt for nearly 300 miles around ground zero with windows being broken by the shock wave that followed. Even though the bomb was exploded above ground to lessen the fallout, this thermonuclear bomb produced more radioactive debris which was worse than USA's H-Bomb that was detonated on the Pacific island in 1954. It was called a Castle-Bravo shot that gave rise to Japanese monster movies (I.e., "Godzilla"), and it poisoned the fishing crew on Lucky Dragon #5 as well as the islanders who lived around the area. Castle-Bravo's blast was measured at the unexpected 15 megatons (15 million tons of TNT by comparison) because Lithium-7 was not supposed to split and provide the Deuterium with the Tritium bonus. The scientists at Los Alamos calculated that the blast would be around 5 megatons. What they got was 15 mt. instead. As they scratched their heads, more calculations followed.
Great post. Mt Tambora ( see post above) was 800 megatons of TNT in power. Either way, I'd rather not see it happen!!!!
If we had fusion power plants energy wouldn’t be a problem anymore. In fact if we had that it would be the beginning of a new age in human technology. Endless energy.
I think you’re mistaken, but no harm done.
Dustin Newman endless energy yet endless problems. Nuclear waste.
John S Rous Fusion, not fission.
Question -
Wouldn’t this have acted more like a shaped charge? We know from Barnes-Wallis that shockwaves and direction change the profile of explosions.
I am fortunate to have come across this documentary while cruising UA-cam. It was both comprehensive and heartbreaking. Although Krakatoa tragically erased many lives, the memory of the them will survive forever.
The anak KRAKATOA erupts in Dec 2018 caused a tsunami. Hundreds of people died and many more is missing.. Be safe. #PrayforIndonesia :,
Personally.....I'd like to hear more on how the lighthouse keeper survived being hit by a 40 meter wave that destroyed his lighthouse.....kudos for remaining at his post!
I remember watching this documentary many, MANY years ago, and I can't believe I just randomly found it like that.
The forces of nature that caused the water to freeze was remarkable, Rampino has not only studied this eruption but also the Toba eruption. I would recommend all to get his Cataclysms book on Geology history
Excellent documentary! Picture and sound beautiful. Very informative! Thank you so much for uploading! 🌋😳
I love this too, from the Dutch perspective but with a large amount of scientific research done during the documentary.
Both make sense. 😕
This was very interesting. I'm "watching" (which really means listening) this while I'm at the office working and telephone/video conferencing with clients, courts and other attorneys who seem to have forgotten how to be civil during this whole Covid-19 chaos. Thanks for posting. This is actually helping me maintain my sanity (or what's left of it)!!!!
How goes the sanity?
Oh they have been rude and weird for a long long time now...
@ Raymond NO ONE CARES what you were doing, seriously 😆
@@djfresh9870 Wishing you the best
@@djfresh9870 And you just demonstrated the truth in what he was saying. Ignoramus.
The Tsunami of 2004 reminds us that we live on an active planet,
Anak Krakatoa / Son of Krakatoa continues to grow in size and
the viscosity of the magma continues to be monitored by the
Indonesians
The distinctive power of nature should never be underestimated
1st August 2019
This was great! There’s not much that gives me chills, but seeing the representation of the ocean stilling and then the height of the tsunami and coral getting tossed like driftwood definitely gave me chills! So many horrid deaths, I’d simply have hoped for a quick one with a rock to the head (unless I had a real shot at scrambling up to high ground)! Nature wins every time, and we just have to cling to chance. Wild and fascinating.
Check out Valdez, 1964.
Don't be such a wuse.
I SAW AN INTERVIEW WITH A NATIVE WHOSE GRANDFATHER WAS SAVED FROM THE DRAWBACK FROM THE TSUNAMI BECAUSE HE WAS IMPALED ONTO SOMETHING THAT PREVENTED HIM FROM BEING WASHED OUT TO SEA.
I didn't know that Anak Krakatau meant "Son of Krakatoa". You can see eruptions of it in UA-cam videos in the present day. As long as it continues with its small, regular eruptions, the magma vent is open, and the pressure can be released. The big explosion in 1883 came after 270 years of dormancy, and buildup of cataclysmic amounts of pressure.
anak means child in filipino
@@xx-luvluv"𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐤" 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐮𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐧 (𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐚𝐧, 𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐚𝐧, 𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐨, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞...)
In Tagalog (Filipino) "anak" is "son". Obviously a common word in the languages of the area.
@@xx-luvluv It also meant son in Indonesia where the Krakatoa is located.
Let's all help our Indonesian fellow human beings! They've been through a lot.
sickening to think the alerts set up after 2004 failed.
martin theiss They recieved a lot of donaations to help set those up. Where's that money?
@@todaywefly4370 Indonesia is known for poor governance when given money for purposes outside of external oversight.
Only well educated people who aware about the cathrastope of natural disaster, other than that, they belive a such disaster is God's punishment because sins and non believers and some of uneducated people even do not want to know because they believe that they are completely safe, nothing happened in their area for hundred years. Very very hard to educated people in Indonesia.
What I know Indonesia government did install the warning Device, but it keep lost (battery and solar panels) faster than they can replace.
This was an excellent docudrama! Very nicely done - one of the best I've seen.
Are you even a real person? This was a documentary.
+TheEvilFlyingToaster
It's a film that tells the story of the eruption. Or perhaps more correctly, a docudrama.
This is something that doesn't know if it wants to be a documentary or a docudrama
It was a documentary that involved historic dramatization based on journals, etc. Very well done really.
E Kramer I dunno, this just seems like a half and half half baked project with repetitive facts
It’s absolutely mind boggling how the mixing of two different types of magma could create an eruption of that scale. 🌋
ME: Please dont erupt Krakatoa!
K: Okay, I pumice..
lava out loud
Huge props to that lighthouse keeper.
The scary part is we can do nothing to stop volcano eruptions. Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy is another volcano that can erupt killing untold thousands. It happened to the town of Pompeii during Roman times.
Town of Pompeii? More like city lol.
The scareys part is it is still active.
@@ADrunkCrayfish really, you’re gonna be that guy?
I think it was 79 A.D. And it covered Herculanium. . . . . . . . . smh
Eat more veggies!
Great video about such a significant event in recent history. One small detail I would like to mention is the strength of the explosion: Modern estimates put the most powerful explosion at around 250 MT of TNT. The most powerful explosion caused by humans was the Soviet/Russian Tsar Bomba (detonated on October 30, 1961), a prototype built to demonstrate the effect of a thermonuclear bomb, is often quoted to have had an estimated effect of 50 - 60 MT of TNT; though in the theory it could have been up to maybe 100 MT of TNT, but it was decided to limit the effect. The size of that bomb is quoted to a weight of 27 metric tonnes, a length of 8 metres and a diameter of 2,1 metres.
Just goes to show that earth can overshadow anything wrought by human hands.
It's fascinating and phenomenal.
They should not have used nylon netting. That makes u know it's a modern take on an old happening, otherwise very good
@@carolynortiz-rodriguez664 😆 it happend in the 1880s of course
I'd recommend the book about Krakatoa by Simon Winchester for the novice volcanologists and historians.
Agreed it is one of the best books I ever read.
Thanks. I'll see if my local library has it.
Watching from Jamaica peace 🇯🇲🇯🇲🇯🇲
What a documentary, like a film😮😮
Well, this was pretty Damn good! The family has log books from my Great grandfather as well as diaries from my Great grandmother who lived in New England / mid Maine, 30 inland from the coast, during the time following the eruption of Krakatoa. Though for the first year they knew nothing about a volcano 10, 000 miles away at the time. They both tell stories...though in very different ways of the effect/s, OF THE RED SKIES, the crops 'not growing right', the animals not breeding like usual. The SNOW ONE AUGUST to everyone's horror. The MYSTERIOUS sounds that no one could explain.
Wow... crazy. Little did they know that all of those bad things that happens that year is cause by a Volcano explosion
Big respect to that artist that spent more than 4 years documenting the scene from I think it was London? His diligent work in charcoal allows the future generations to see what happened back then.. maximum respect.
seems to be a guy called: British artist William Ashcroft. well done sir salute you.
Not charcoal dear, oil pastels, charcoal would be grey scale, black and white
I liked watching all this and it's scary to think about what we can expect from natural disasters Almighty GOD is still in control today
I had a book about volcanoes as a kid, and Krakatoa's eruption scared the shit out of me for years. There I was, some six year old kid in a nearly landlocked state, going about my daily life just genuinely worried about tsunamis lmao
2020 has been a hell of a year, we can't rule it out at this point
This is one of the best documentaries I have ever watched.
Nicely done. I learned something today.