How Jet Engines Work
Вставка
- Опубліковано 28 кві 2024
- An inside look at how jet engines work. Most modern jet propelled airplanes use a turbofan design, where incoming air is divided between a large fan and the jet engine core, where combustion happens.
How a Jet Airliner Works:
• How a Jet Airliner Works
Get on Patreon and help fund my 3D animation obsession! It wouldn't feel right to put sponsorship segments in the middle of high quality educational content, so let's try another way together:
/ animagraffs
Need 3D illustration and animation? Have suggestions for what to explain next? Animagraffs can help! Let's chat: animagraffs.com/contact/
License Animagraffs work for your own purposes
animagraffs.com/licensing/
See more explanations of how things work at: animagraffs.com/
I use Blender 3D to create these models. It's free and open source, and the community is amazing:
www.blender.org/
Chapters
0:00 Intro
0:21 The Core
0:36 Compressor
1:18 Combustor
2:04 Turbine
2:34 Exhaust Cone
2:44 Fan
3:54 Low Bypass Engine
4:13 Afterburner
4:49 Comparison - Наука та технологія
Aeronautical engineer here.
This is the best reference video on jets I have ever seen. And I'm pretty sure I've watched most of them haha. Great work my friend.
Hey I want to become an aeronautical Engineering can I email you for advice?
I don't know how I can get in touch with you from this platform
Im dreaming of becoming a pilot and I wanna start with aeronautical engineering, do you think it's harder than other engineerings
@@yagoovirus2751 why do you want to studt aeronautical engineer if you want to be a pilot?
@Index, would you be willing to review a Fan Blade design I created? Some feedback on it & the math I used would be nice
THis is one of the best animations i have ever seen. the easiest visualization of a pretty complex thing.
I agree with you
I agree,. But it's not just a pretty complex thing, it's a hugggggee complex thing that making my brain burning since past 2 years😬
I am sometime so bad memory withtwo time,one Ipassed tuned big car the other I go back to stayway not how
Absolutely agree especially for combustion part
It is a deflating balloon that keeps getting more air than its using somehow
Great job. I am a commercial pilot, for 13 years, always wished something like this existed. If you dont mind, Id like to show this to all my cadets, who had a very blurry idea of how a Turbo Fan really works
What’s drove the fan to start spinning ?As I understand, the compressor needs the fan to move spin first to compress the air for combustion
@@shafiqfahmi7252 Auxilary power unit provides bleed air to start engines
Excellent vid. Im still fuzzy on two things. 1) Does bypass air provide thrust or just surround the high pressure exhaust for noise reduction; and 2) Do turboprop fans generate thrust as they turn or is the sole function to pull air through to the compressors and create bypass? If they do generate thrust what percent of the overall thrust is fan and what percent is high pressure exhaust?
@@samuelwatson4857 Finishing up my aerospace engineering degree this year so I feel somewhat qualified to answer.
1: Bypass air does provide thrust! Basically you can think of thrust as the change in the momentum of the air that goes through the engine; as you may know momentum is simply mass times velocity. The reason high bypass ratios (the ratio of bypass air to core air) are more efficient is because rather than accelerating a small amount of air to very high velocities, like in a turbojet, they accelerate a large amount of air to relatively lower velocities. The reason this is more efficient is that it takes much more energy to accelerate air to a very high velocity. A good way to see this is to consider the relationship between momentum and kinetic energy. Momentum is mass times velocity, whereas kinetic energy is 1/2 mass times velocity^2, so for the same momentum, the energy required increases proportionally to velocity. This can also be seen in the equations for Specific Thrust (the ratio of thrust to the mass flow rate of air consumed by the jet) and in the equation for Specific Fuel Consumption (the ratio of the mass flow rate of fuel to thrust). In a turbojet, you get a higher Specific Thrust (Tsp), and a lower Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC). Whereas in a turbofan, you get the opposite. These quantities (Tsp and SFC) are inversely proportional to one another. So the answer to your question is that yes, the bypass air does create thrust, just like a propeller does. And it does it more (fuel) efficiently than a turbojet, though this comes with trade offs such as greater engine complexity, greater size, and as I mentioned, worse Tsp, which corresponds to worse thrust to weight ratios.
2: I assume you are asking about a turbofan in this question, rather than a turboprop. In modern high bypass turbofan engines, the vast majority of thrust is produced by the bypass air that is accelerated by the fan. In fact, the optimum bypass ratio (most fuel efficient) occurs when the bypass air exit velocity = the core air exit velocity. As you can see, with a high bypass ratio, somewhere around 8-9, this means that 8 to 9 times as much air is going through the fan than is going through the core, and with the same exit velocities, you can see that the vast majority of momentum change in the air is being done by the fan. So in modern high bypass ratio turbofans, upwards of 90% of the thrust comes from the fan, rather than the core.
Sorry for this essay of a response but I hope it's helpful!
@@tonybalogna123 very good answer. To answer the other part of the question, turbofans do reduce jet noise, but the fan produces its own noise, overall noise is reduced however.
can you imagine, "ah yes, so you set the air on fire and it go... but what if we set the air on fire twice, maybe it go twice?"
_Afterburner explained in one sentence_
It's not even just setting the air on fire twice, more like setting the fire on fire again.
what if we set the fire... on fire
Idea: what if we set all of the air in the world (except for where the thing is) on fire? Then the object would be everywhere at once
I don't know how afterburner works before I saw this comment section.
THANKS!
This video makes me so sad because I just found it, and then discovered you only have 3 videos on your channel. My gosh your content is beyond exceptional! I hope you are able to see how talented you are...making the complex simple and clear is so amazing, and you do this better than anyone I’ve seen on UA-cam. Thank you for these amazing videos and now I just have to wait and hope hope hope (“hope” repeated intentionally) for more!
@animagraffs please make some videos. We know its not easy to make such videos, but we need your detailed explanations for complex stuff.
Check out his website in the description!
What a great comment and compliment! I wholeheartedly agree. This is now one of my favorite educational channels ever on UA-cam!
Excellent visualization and presentation! Very easy to understand. Keep up the great work and you’ll be well on your way to a million subs!
it's been 10 months and he's still at 22.5k. you have cursed him
Tom Foulds ahhhh! I mean this is the kind of stuff people like. Not sure why it’s not hitting the UA-cam algorithm :(
I just noticed he was under 1M. 🤯
@@ytsub7 he doesnt upload
@@mattrittman he doesnt upload ):
This was by far the clearest, easiest to understand, and best animated explanation I've seen yet. Thank you!!!
Hey Jake, this was a very well-done video.
Great animation and explanation. Keep it up!
Hey! Love your videos!
The ending was terrible. It just stopped abruptly.
Hey! Younger self!
That was the most badass turbine engine graphic and explanation i have ever seen.
I'm a commercial pilot. Many are commending the quality of this animation along with your presentation. I agree with them! Granted, it takes a lot of time making those animations as well as the research into it. The quality though is worth it and I wonder why did you stop making videos for UA-cam? Please return, and as an incentive, I've subscribed to your channel.
Yeah back one future hero
I just discovered your videos and all I have to say is PLEASE MAKE MORE! You explain this so simply yet so thoroughly that it makes total sense. I could never understand fully how a jet engine worked but this explained it so well.
I currently work on CFM56 aircraft engine, your animations really help me fully visualize how they work. Thanks.
This was really helpful, I’m not sure why but understanding how ICE and TJ engines work is just so satisfying
The best visualization I've seen about turbo fan engines. Awesome!
Aero combustion chief technical scientist here. This is truly one of the best videos I have seen explaining this topic.
Your ability to animate these incredibly complex concepts and explain them in a succinct way for a general audience is simply unbelievable. I really hope that you receive the amount of views and followers that you deserve. Just incredible work all around… thank you so much for this free knowledge.
This video is insane! It covers the engine in high detail, and the animations are fantastic! Keep up the good work!
As someone who's just about to finish Thermodynamics and is studying aerospace engineering, this is beyond badass. Thank you!!
Do you know if the F-16 uses a turbofan or turbojet engine?
I searched it in Google and also in some videos and didn't find the answer
@@Elturbo157 While I don't have the expertise to comment on the designs of specific aircraft by heart, on a Wikipedia search it looks like F-16s usually operate on turbofan engines for propulsion. But if that is untrustworthy, I unfortunately cannot provide additional help
@@Encorous Thanks anyway, and good luck with the studies
@@Elturbo157 Thank you. Best of luck with whatever you're doing
Absolutely fantastic explanation and demonstration thank you!
I watch this channel alot and I can honestly say they are the best, easiest to understand explanations of complex engineering ive seen on UA-cam. Keep up the good work
Great brief and very clear explanation: congrats.
Good work !I am really impressed to see this masterpiece.Even after learning big big books...students fail to understand the mechanism behind dis,but this video will just clear all the doubts .Thanks man!
Straight to the point. No long intro BS. That's why I keep on coming back to this channel. Very informative and well put together. Big up.
This is why I’m happy to grow up with internet, everything I don’t understand I can look up for free. Very nice to have such high quality animations and presentations
I love the internet for the same reason but sometimes I worry that I don’t retain anything because I’m so stimulated.
Pilot here. Been flying jets for 22 years and I've never heard the cowling referred to as the diffuser. The diffuser is usually the "cookie cutter" looking thing after the turbine stage and can be seen while looking in the tailpipe.
Also, the combustion chamber is basically a diffuser with a lot of holes poked in it, to ensure the air is at the right speed and condition for burning
Other than that, everything was very accurate. Good video!
The video does misidentify the fan duct as a diffuser. A diffuser is characterized as any part of the propulsion system that has a smaller inlet and a bigger outlet that reduces air velocity and converts it into increased pressure and temperature. For example the inlet duct on an F-100 served as a diffuser. It had a small opening in the front of the airplane that led to the larger diameter inlet into the engine. Its purpose was to reduce the high velocity of the supersonic airflow entering the duct and convert it to increased pressure at a lower velocity and higher temperature as it entered the engine. On a turbofan powered jetliner if the diameter of the inlet is smaller than the diameter of the fan then that space in front of the fan is called a diffuser. It also reduces the velocity of the incoming air while increasing the pressure as well as the temperature of the air flowing into the fan. Obviously the diffuser on a subsonic airliner will be a lot less radical than the diffuser on a supersonic jet fighter.
As you pointed out other areas of the engine are also diffusers. The area around the combustor is a diffuser because it converts the kinetic energy of the airflow coming out of the compressor into pressure to force the air into the combustor. Then the area behind the combustor is a diffuser because it converts the velocity of the gas coming out of the combustor into increased pressure to drive the turbines.
@@joevignolor4u949 Diffusers work inversely at supersonic speeds, that's why the SR-71 had variable position cones at the intakes of each engine
These are seriously high quality animations - I assumed when I started to watch that you had maybe a million subs or so. This stuff must take a ton of time to make, but the result makes it totally worth it!
Best video on jet engines I've seen. Awesome!
Never could figure these things out but with your visual and seeing it in small details. Especially grateful you made this.
Just WOW! I never came close to understanding how jet engines work until this video! Thanks for the awesome animation and keep up the good work
Man what a marvelous production and a professional presentation that's how videos should be edited and produced and what make us love and appreciate youtubers like you , keep up the good job.
This... This right here, is possibly the BEST explanation of commercial and military jet engines I have ever seen.
One of the only videos I've seen that actually explains turbojet vs turbofan that there is a fan and a core in a turbofan and mentioned the type of combustor. Good video.
Wow! I've been scratching my head about jet engines for a long time! One the best videos on a complex topic!
the best video watched so far on the working of jet engine...and the graphics are spot on.....brilliant mate...
Wow, now this is how a visualized presentation should be done ! Not to complex but detailed enough with step by step visualization, superb
Just a quick add about the "hot turbines", it's not just the metallurgy and coatings that allow the turbines to stay in their solid metal form instead of liquid (which they certainly could be at the temperature of the gas coming out of the combustion chamber), there is a lot of uncompressed "cool" air being "injected" to the core of each turbine and then bleeds out through many, many precise and small holes in the hot turbines. This keeps the turbines cool throughout their normal operation.
As a A&P rated mechanic I have to say this is the best explanation/video I’ve seen and the only thing that could make it easier to understand is if things were explained more linearly (front to back)
Wow - VERY good animation & presentation. Best I've seen maybe. Bloody well done. I would think many companies would see this and think "I want our graphics to look that good!"
Great presentation, well designed, good job
You solved the mystery I was wondering about since childhood.... God bless you~
This is the best video on UA-cam, like period.
Love to have you back
Please keep posting 😇
Very nice explanation, thank you very much for your great effort
Its truly amazing what humans have done. These are pieces of art.
Great video! thank you for your effort making this!
Really interesting stuff 🔥
Your content is the most impressive I have seen yet ...just pure well explained information, and no mumbo jumbo. I wish this was the standard!
Salute :)
studying for my a&p coming up and this video comes up in my recommended thanks for helping
Absolutely amazing! I always wondered how these things worked, and had no clue about the afterburner area.
Great work!! :)
just amazing, honestly never seen any video that explains a complex topic in such an understandable way. our education system should be like this. thx for the video. expect more Edu videos from you !!
The F1 video led me to this and all your other videos......TG people like you exist, keep up the GOOD WORK.
Just came across this channel and i love stuff like this. This is the stuff the History channel use to play. Now it’s nonstop tuna fishing and other shows that don’t belong on the history channel.
The ignitors (spark plugs) are only used during start up or in an emergency flame out scenario. The cumbustion is continuous and self sustaining once at iddle speed or above.
He clarified this about 2/3 into the video.
Good Narration work Jake! I feel it makes your presentation seem much more powerful. Kudos.
Excellent video. Thanks a lot I really struggler to understand anything until I watched this 😁
Amazingly detailed and easy to understand the high-level simplified overview. Thanks!
Dude this is another level animation.
Which software did you use to make this.
You inspired me.
This video is a whole vibe 👌👌
From a heavy jet pilot - superb. Accurate representation and explanation. One of the highest quality I’ve seen
this is fantastic man. Great work I always wanted to know how these engines worked and this video easily explains all of that with superb visual representation.
Fantastic animation! Would you mind sharing what application(s) were used to create the video? Thanks!
Thanks for this, I’ve always wondered how they work and now I know! The animations were excellent
What a great video!
Never on the UA-cam, there were this good of a video explaining Jet Engines.
You've solved all of my questions I had for Jet engines, Thank you soooo much!
Hands down THE BEST animation and explanation. Great job!
Incredible video! Animations are the only things that help me gain complete understanding of a subject, fantastic job!
Btw, how long does it take you to make these animations? It must be a grueling process.
So, essentially the theory is suck, squeeze, blow, go.
Cool video. Thanks for posting. ✌️
That calm music background helps me focus. Thanks for this video👍🏻😁
A & P Mechanic here...
I second @Index on the best reference for a video on jets...you should do a video devoted to the science behind lift!
Not only is the visual work excellent, the music really set up the mood. What is the name of the song?
Excellent work. I just came from the watch video. My only suggestion is: Go a little slower. Make the videos a little longer. Pause at each segment and allow generous time to look at the animation. Your work is excellent and not only deserves to be viewed and appreciated, but also a slower pace would improve people's ability to absorb and retain. Just my suggestion! Many thanks for the good work.
it is at reasonable speed. Watchers can always pause themself if they need more time
Excellent content and presentation. Great research. 😊
THIS IS the best animation explaining how it works that I've found. Thank you
These engines use to be such a mystery to me as a kid, but ever since UA-camrs like you, I feel like a jet engineer
Im just watching a lot of things in UA-cam in preparation for my future isekai adventure.
👁👄👁 your not planning of jumping in front of a truck, are you?
I never quite understood how jet engine worked until I watched your amazing production. Outstanding work ! Thank you
About the best explanation on this not so difficult subject seen so far ! Concise, and fine animation besides that. Who could ask for more? 👏
Oh! Now your next Boeing is coming loaded with my engines.🤔
But I won't be a passenger on that ajrplane lol
Now i will make jet engines 😌
There are a lot of videos like this on YT, but this one has extraordinary graphics, and isn't too long too.
The best engine animation I ever saw!! Finally understood the need of that big fan
Would be even cooler with the metric system 😩. Especially since this is a very technical topic ...
UA-cam has an option where the community can submit their own subtitle version. Since it's just me doing these projects and they're an incredible amount of work, I did the U.S. English version and am hoping others can help with other languages. I think a UK English or even International English version with metric conversion would be great if you want to help out!
I still don’t get it lol
No words man. Incredible job. I get chills reading the aero engineer comments and how stoked they are. Also, your f1 video had me watching over and over 🤘🔥🙏🐊 Keep killing it!
Thank you for the broken down quick ride into how it works.
This explanation was far better then the first example that showed up in my search. That would have 14 million views and it wasn't half as good as this one. Thanks
The BEST explanation of how a jet engine works! Great production!
Thanks for making this!
*Thanks for adding fighter jets engine as well!* 👍
I worked in the design department for one of the major aero-engine manufacturers for a number of years. Just wanted to say well done - the animation was fantastic but importantly all the information was accurate and exactly how we might describe it in the industry.
The only very small nitpick is that not every engine will have a 4 stage IP and a 10 stage HP compressor since it varies from application to application and between companies who have varying house styles. But apart from that, spot on!
Amazing video. I searched on 'the working of a jet engine'. Couldn't get a better hit than this. Wow. Thanks for making, and explaining it to us in all this detail. Also for the contrast between airliner jet engines and airforce jet engines. Never new this before...
Best explanation I've seen and there are plenty out there. The combination of your narration and excellent animation actually made it understandable, thanks!
Thank you so much. I’ve been trying to learn about jet cars, and what the white plumes of smoke are, and what the beautiful, powerful, percussive bursts were, and I was having a surprisingly difficult time getting into. This video was exactly what I was looking for. Great stuff. Thank you.
Great work.
Stunning visuals and very clear explanation.
Best description of how a jet engine works that I've ever seen.
Good animation. Remember that turbie stages ALSO have stators, but they are in front of the rotor blades. These are called turbine nozzle guide vanes and they ACCELERATE gas flow for maximum power extraction. Good job.
Excellent description of how jet engines work. Well done and thanks for sharing.
Loved the explanation❤ Excellent!!
This was really helpful in prepping for airline interviews! Thanks!
One of the best explanation that i have ever seen about jet engines
I don't think anyone or anything can explain jet engines this good in 5 minutes.
Amazing. Thank you to whoever did this