How Humans (almost) Beat Malaria
Вставка
- Опубліковано 20 чер 2024
- Malaria is one of the diseases that’s the closest to eradication possible. I brought on my friend, Susanna Park MA, to help tell the story of how humans have gotten this far in their treatment of malaria.
Susanna’s podcast: podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast...
Susanna’s Instagram: https: sujanee
☠️NONE OF THE INFORMATION IN THIS VIDEO SHOULD BE USED AS MEDICAL ADVICE OR OPINION. IT IS FOR GENERAL EDUCATION AND ENTERTAINMENT☠️
🔗 L I N K S 🔗
📱Instagram: / patkellyteaches
🐦Twitter: / patkellyteaches
💰Patreon: / corporis
🔬Main channel: / corporis
📜 S O U R C E S 📜
A line-by-line, fact checked version of the script can be found here. You do not have to be a Patron to view:
/ vaccine-script-48256662
💻 C O N T A C T 💻
If you’d like to sponsor a video or have other business inquiries:
patkellyteaches [at] gmail.com
#historyofmedicine #medicalhistory
Quick clarification: the map at 12:53 shows the countries identified by the WHO who were on track to eradicate malaria according to the goal they set in 2016. Same thing with the the two malaria-free countries at 12:56. We're talking about the WHO program here, not all countries that have eradicated malaria ever.
I thought malaria was far more prevalent - it looks like we have made some real tangible progress over the last 60 years. I was in Zimbabwe in 1995 and the malaria prophylaxis medication made me so sick, seems like medication and prevention tactics have really improved since then. Thanks for the video
even your first video is professional
A little behind the scenes secret, this was the first video on **this** channel. I've been making videos since 2018, but only started this channel in 2021. I've got lots of experience!
@@PatKellyTeaches - Your other channel isn't in your channels tab.
@@Nmethyltransferaseso? maybe he doesn’t want you seeing them??
@@PatKellyTeachesI was gonna say, HIS FIRST?! DANG!
@@PatKellyTeachesYou state only 2 countries are malaria free, yet a simple google search shows 42 are malaria free? As an Australian where it hasn't been an issue in 40 years, what gives?
There's only one human disease we've eliminated worldwide. But we've also eliminated a livestock disease called rinderpest.
I stumbled across your channel a few days ago and have been binge watching your content ever since.
It blows my mind that you have been making these incredibly well researched and impeccably presented videos for 2 YEARS!
100% gained a subscriber and I am grateful to see your subscriber count has ticked up and up even in just the last few days.
Keep up the awesome content 👏
Malaria is called "bad air" and the city of Buenos Aires got its name as "good air" because it was far enough from the malaria stricken eastern side of the continent
Sri Lanka eliminated malaria in 2016 with help from the WHO and is now in the PoR phase. But it is short of money and there is a constant risk of re-introduction via the Port of Colombo.
I prefer my quinine with juniper-infused ethanol.
When my dad was doing his PhD (geology, specifically vulcanology) in Papua New Guinea in the early nineties, despite taking prophylactics, he still somehow got malaria and dysentery AT THE SAME TIME. He nearly died, lost a few stone (and he was already lean), and he had a super dark tan, and shaved his head due to the head. My mum went to get him from the airport but walked right past him and screamed when she realised it was him as he looked skeletal. For a few decades symptoms used to rear up again if he got run down, injured or unwell (etc) and it was just so awful to see him grow thru all of that.
You know what I always found interesting is that one of the genetic markers that actually increases our malaria resistance, is also related to our vulnerability to heart attacks.
Resistance to something takes generations upon generations to develop, and it is usually a give-and-take situation. This is also true with bacteria. Bacteria, when responding to a human’s antibiotic use, give up something that makes them more virulent in order to resist the antibiotic. When the antibiotic is not used for a long period of time, the bacteria revert in order to get back that virulence. Bacteria are better at this than humans because they can produce generations so much faster than us.
@@legitpancake4276I would add that most living things are better than humans at many things
Restsrance to maleria is also linked to sickle-cell.
Is there any infectious disease that is stranger than malaria? Just reading the basics of how it infects the body was a series of "It does *what* now?" reactions from me.
Ohh dude. There are fascinating microbes everywhere. Rabies is the most interesting to me, but the disease progression of tuberculosis is fascinating too
@@PatKellyTeaches would you consider a video on Milwaukie protocol and/or other uses of medically induced coma?
If you think that’s strange, just look at Hookworm. When a human steps barefoot on contaminated soil, larvae in the soil burrow into their skin and enter the bloodstream. From there, they make their way to the lung alveoli, crawl up the trachea, and then get swallowed down the esophagus to their eventual goal of the intestine. There they become adults, mate, cause prolonged infection for years, and lay eggs in the feces to infect the next person 🤯
There's quite a few medications we use to treat malaria. Surprisingly, Doxycycline is the most commonly prescribed prophylactically in my workplace. Doxy is probably one of the best wide spectrum abx (short for antibiotic).
Can’t wait to see more from you!☺️👍🏼
More to come! I'm actively writing new videos, knowing that I finally have somewhere to put them
Your channel is exceptional. Great work.
You can also get malaria from blood transfusions. It's one of the tests that they do when you donate blood in the UK. I failed as I have antibodies, but they can't tell the difference between an infection and just being exposed to it.
As a medical student, I've really wanted to find some medical history channels
I stumbled on your channel about 2 days ago, and I've been hooked since, even though I have Pediatrics finals in 3 days😂
You're amazing man!
Malaria has been around as far north as Finland, the last cases have been seen around 1944-1945. There is a lot of evidence about it.
After the Roman Empire fell, southern Europe was ravaged by malaria. P. vivax was all over Europe as far as Finland, P. falciparum was endemic in along the large rivers and southern Europe, especially so in Italy and from Rome down South. So much Europeans being exposed to malaria in the tropics....
Same goes for the US, after introduction, malaria was endemic into areas almost up to Canada, with P vivax in colder areas.
The “almost” caveat is scary when you consider diseases like tuberculosis that have reappeared only to be more dangerous than ever.
I’m not sure if TB is more deadly now than it was historically, other than antibiotic resistance.
But Syphilis is what comes to mind when you think of the opposite. In the 15th and 16th century it caused terrible bone lesions, horrible disfigurement, rotting of the skin, and other terrible things. Now, even without getting penicillin, it takes decades to develop tertiary syphilis, and even then tertiary syphilis doesn’t come close to the grotesque things that happened to people hundreds of years ago.
@@legitpancake4276although I must say TB is scarier for sure anyway. I didn't get that vaccine everyone got in school, and just never got round to it after. Also seems harder to avoid than syphilis. There's a degree of your own doing having a role there which TB could just inadvertently happen easier.
Wow great video!
There is a large area of the globe that has chlorquine resistant strains of Malaria. The only option is Doxycycline which is quite effective but does cause sun sensitivity and sometimes hypersensitivity reactions. Border areas of Thailand and many parts of Southern Africa are in this category.. Doxycline also has the benefit of no mental side effects like the other drugs.
hi patrick kelly! hope this comment finds u well. would definitely appreciate u making more videos involving pathologic human parasites :)
What about the role of artemisinin in reducing malaria deaths?
Very interesting and informative video, but it would have been better if you'd mentioned that *DDT* is the preferred insecticide for Indoor Residual Spraying. DDT has saved hundreds of millions of lives, but unjustified restrictions on DDT have cost tens of millions of lives.
The cocktail gin& tonic started out as a malaria preventive/treatment. The only way the British could get soldiers to take their quinine was to mix it with gin & adda a litle lime juice.
I live in finland so no malaria here. But weirdly. It used to be. And even used to spike in cases on winter. The reason? Living in "savupirtti", smokehouses. And open water in buckets that too. It used to be called "horkka" and still when someone is shivering heavily it is said that they look like that are in horkka. Not many people know the origins of that saying either but it's the reason i discovered that weird bit in history. Also savupirtit are cool, though living in them seems like a somewhat miserable way of existing. Or not, didn't dig that deep in them.
You missed the WHO DDT campaign.
Yeah, DDT is the reason the US had no malaria cases for a few decades.
U deserve million no idea why its slow..
I am baffled to see no mention of dr ronald Ross who discovered the life cycle of malaria in presidency general Hospital in Calcutta, india. He was later awarded with the Nobel Prize for this.
4:25 Because then the Gin & Tonic was born!!!!
Swamp draining was also a very important step in removal from developed countries
A video on brucellosis?
" Daddy's doing sister Sally/Grandma's dying of cancer now/*the cattle all have Brucellosis*/but we'll get through somehow, yeah/ we'll get through somehow....." Warren Zevon, "Play It All Night Long"
Wait... am i missing something or can u create a vaccine to a protozoan? Guess if it's something ur immune system can learn to target itll work but i always think vaccine goes along with virus like antibiotics and bacteria although that would be a bit of a missnomer.
Such a nice and handsome guy with such informative videos.
a video on monkeypox please
Mosquitoes don't bite me. I can stand in a swarm and I receive no bites. Of course, I live in the Midwest and never go anywhere else. I am wondering if this will still help me avoid malaria were I to ever visit an area that is malaria prone.
Gosh you're lucky! I'm the exact opposite. I've joked with my boyfriend for decades that my blood must be delicious because it really does seem like every mosquito in my area seeks me out. There are days I will get 20+ bites while he gets zero. Come to think of it, after 25 years together, I honestly can't remember even a single time he's ever complained about being bitten my a mosquito.
It seems like years and years of these constant bites has caused my immune response to increase significantly. When I was a kid, I could get bitten and think nothing of it after a day or two. Now, those bites swell up almost to the size of a golf ball, to the point that it causes bruising and they itch me to death. Oh, and the swelling and itching can last for weeks. I found a tick on my arm on June 6 this year and the swelling and itch just went away within the past two weeks.
It would be interesting to see if there really is some scientific reason people on such opposite ends of the spectrum seem to exist: one who is never bitten and one who is just an all-you-can-eat buffet.
@@JW-vi2nh oh gosh. That's awful. If I knew what I'm doing that makes me unappetizing, I would let the world know91. My poor son doesn't get bit a lot but he always has a bad reaction to them.
I’m the same way, I’ve never really been bitten by bugs often. I spend my fair share of time outside and in the woods, and I could probably count on one hand the number of times I’ve been bit by a tick, and the number of mosquito bites isn’t much higher. I remember one time in high school I went on a hike with a friend and when we got out of the woods, I had 2 ticks crawling on my legs and he had something like 20 on him and 7 or so bites. And with mosquitos, they barely even will get close to me, especially if there are other people nearby
@@BobbyHill26 if only we could figure out why and bottle the "formula". 😂🤣😂
I live in South Asia and boy oh boy I'm like a beacon to mosquitoes
I literally have a ton of anti mosquito products in my room and it's not going well for me coz of all them chemicals
Wherever I go I immediately get swarmed in 2 to 5 mins
I'm legit thinking about moving to somewhere cold all year.
I love dragon flies just because they are so efficient and effective at mosquito control
Whenever I see one I always thank it for it's services
It looks like the algorithm picked you up. Good luck
to the grandparents who always took their tonic water with quinine
But what about tuberculosis? That kills so many more
For people looking for a quirky thing to donate to. Lids. Probably included in other malaria prevention projects but if you want to tell people what you donate to, telling them you donate to bucketlids is delightfully weird and actually saves lives. Also woke i guess if you want to brand it like that.
It would be my go-to place if i wasn't so keen on education as the primary means on improving lives. Malaria is a serious thing. But. Well. Education goes to preventing that too, just not in as direct of a way. And. Well. If you can donate, just donate to anything. There are some projects more meaningful than others but mostly anything helps. And if it's a thing you want to tell people about, even better. Awareness is good. And if awareness comes from joking about where you donate, even better.
Sterile mosquitoes also
I just took a pic of a mosquito in my house (the normal ones in my little area) and found out I live amongst the Woodland Malaria Mosquito (Anopheles punctipennis) which actually makes me lucky.. for now anyway. The most common mosquito spreads four separate, potentially lethal diseases that you actually stand a serious chance of catching. 24% of these "northern house mosquitoes" just a county over were infected with west nile.
Not sure of where you live but if you live in the States, malaria only in the last 3 months has had local transmission in Texas and Florida. Hopefully it won't become endemic.
@@FreejackVesa hopefully this won't happen up north where I live. I think I'm still lucky that these ones spread malaria and aren't the common little ones or the ones with bands on their legs. Both of those spread much more disease but if this one ever starts it'll be bad.
@@CJM-rg5rt agreed. Fortunately I don't think malaria is going to become a major problem here. As much as people like to trash the CDC post-COVID, their surveillance apparatus is quite good and mitigation would likely not be too difficult. I actually worked with the CDC and several States setting up automated "syndromic surveillance" which automatically collates information about exposure to various diseases and pathologies for the CDC, so they are on top of it.
Transmission in Texas and Florida you say???? Those are the states that the Gates Foundation released their mosquitos in for their “gmo mosquito control” program. Lord help us all.
bad air
It's all parasite
You state only 2 countries are malaria free, yet a simple google search shows 42 are malaria free? As an Australian where it hasn't been an issue in 40 years, what gives?
Great question. Yes, while malaria is gone from a bunch of countries, that section was talking about the WHO's 2016 eradication efforts for even more countries. Of the countries that the WHO identified in 2016, 2 of them (at the time of recording) had succeeded -- Algeria and Paraguay. Source here: www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01684-8#:~:text=In%202016%2C%20the%20WHO%20targeted,people%20died%20from%20the%20disease.
they ha vent me ha no still leary as always have bean im inc red able not in cure able 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
not in Malawi. That is where Malaria Empire is.
American Indians were not the first Americans
It seems the reason people died who were not exposed to diseases is not some kind of evolution, but they simply were not exposed to the diseases in childhood, when the immune system is the strongest, and keeps whats it learns for later.
Conversely, are any of these diseases ever serious when the immune system has been exposed in childhood (absent malnutrition)?
Also the weird thing is malaria was endemic in europe. I haven't heard of an explanation why it went away? Could it be just the usual, no more malnutrition? Also, it's not like europeans succumb to malaria now, when visiting africa, like they did in the old days.
Malaria mainly kills kids, so exposing them to it is the last thing you want to do and why one way to fight the disease is to give kids anti malaria drugs during malaria season.
Europe got rid of it through incecticide, access to treatment and changes in mainly farming, but this is somewhat recent. As late as WW1 malaria was more deadly than the Bulgarians on the Greek front.
Europeans usually take malaria drugs while there, and expose themselves less to the mosquitos, and when they get it they have access to treatment.
Such diseases are more than enough reason to not believe in a good God
She's reading teleprompter 😌
FYI: Europeans didn't capture their slaves themselves. They bought them from already existing slave markets. There you go.
Also by the time period they are talking about, the anti-slavery patrols had been going on for some time and it was, at least in the British Empire, outlawed.
Royal Navy had this "slavery bad" thing figured out a lot sooner than the whole UK did.
@@michalsoukup1021 It was the poliics back in the UK driving the anti-slavery patrols, read a little into the history of it. From the late 1700's slavery was outlawed within the UK itself but it took longer for the rest of the empire, in part because of the limited degree of self rule many had regarding their own internal laws.
@@StonedDragons yes, there were some politicians who supported the navy. But there was enough pro slavery politicians that the admiralty had to play the "we try to tell them to not commandeer everything, but you know how sailors are" game for years before eventually the sensible "exterminate all slavers on spot no matter the flag" orders could be given
Infections, pandemics, etc are Mother Nature’s way of creating harmonious balance for all life on our planet. In other words, she’s trying to say, “There are too many of you here, something’s gotta give before the entire planet becomes a wasteland”. In our (humans) hubris, we’ve collectively decided to give Mother Nature the middle finger because apparently we know better 😂