Does Concrete Turn to Dust in a Vacuum Chamber? Concrete Without Oxygen Experiment
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- Опубліковано 20 тра 2024
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In this video I show you what happens to concrete cement in a vacuum chamber. This video comes from the idea spread on other UA-cam videos that if oxygen disappeared for 5 seconds then concrete structures would fall to the ground. Let’s see what happens in the vacuum chamber and why!
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By that logic, removing all oxygen would also turn the oceans into hydrogen gas.
Well yes
If oxygen was removed from all molecules, you would have much bigger problems than concrete crumbling. The human body is 65% oxygen by mass. All life would die, including the microscopic kind, as DNA itself contains oxygen.
@@imarchello the earth's crust is made of silica so the entire crust would collapse
@@wedmunds yeah but then why didn’t earths crust crumble when it had no oxygen🤨
@@skylar4941 hes just silly
*_dust is just boneless concrete_*
I'm boneless me
Tomato
why are u here
Stop copying justin.y
Why are u everywhere ?
Concrete also typically has gravel mixed in too. Concrete after it hardens [it doesn't just "dry"] it is basically a rock. Rock don't require oxygen to maintain their cohesive density.
If you put wet concrete in a vacuum it will dry/harden just fine. The quality of the concrete might be reduced because of the accelerated moisture removal via the vacuum.
water added to concrete makes crystals in the concrete expand and enter lock. and there is an air content when mixing it on industrial scale, but it needs to be balanced in order to prevent bubble texture.
rock may not need oxygen to survive but some rocks require moisture or they will break and crumble. some actually crumble and rot after being exposed to oxygen. concrete is almost as hard as rock as its made up of rock mostly but its not uniform so it will always have disadvantages.
Because the process is a chemical reaction, it's not drying or hardening. The correct term would be setting or curing.
Specifically, concrete is said to be set once it is stiff enough not to deform under pressure, such as someone walking on it. Concrete is said to be cured once it reaches full design strength.
Generally speaking, drying would imply that water leaving the mixture causes the change, and hardening would imply a physical process (such as work hardening) is causing the change.
Plus putting it on those very dry pieces of wood probably sucked some out from the bottom
I was just thinking, "It's too bad there's no Oxygen on the Moon, that must be why the Apollo Astronauts didn't bring any rocks back."
As a masonry contractor, I'm quite familiar with the properties of concrete. Concrete will even set up even under water. The reason the concrete set up slightly slower in the vacuum isn't because of lack of air but rather lack of air movement. Mortar on a corner of a building will set up faster than the rest of the wall because it experiences more air movement like wind reducing the moisture content. While this does make it set up slightly faster it does not strengthen the concrete in the long run. In fact wetting the concrete and keeping it wet during the first 7 days of the concrete cure will increase the cure time slightly but can greatly increase the strength of the concrete when fully cured, as well as more evenly cure preventing cracks.
Water boils and turns to vapor as the pressure goes down. So I would expect it to harden faster as the water is forcibly sucked out of the concrete. But I guess at some point right below the surface, the weight (and thus pressure) of the concrete is higher than 1 atmosphere, so the water remains a liquid internally.
@@cyleleghorn246 Yeah, perhaps on the surface as you said. But in the industry we call concrete "green" when it's still in it's initial cure period and at this point it is susceptible to easy damage and is the color green. This is why when concrete is "green" you do not want people walking on it. When you watch the video, the concrete in the vacuum actually cured a little slower and was greener and crumbled more. If there's high winds when you're working with concrete or mortar it set's up crazy fast because the air is pulling the moisture out of the concrete, this wouldn't happen in a vacuum.
@@Ryan-ff2db thank you for explaining it more. It does make sense that as concrete cures with an exothermic reaction (releases heat) that wind will speed up the process by giving it wind chill. And in a vacuum, since there is no wind or even air to conduct the heat away from the concrete, this would become a blackbody radiation problem, which is the slowest way to get rid of heat. Same reason it's so easy for space ships to overheat in space due to human warmth and electronics, even though at all the same settings they'd be running very cold anywhere on earth surrounded by air or touching the ground. There's just nowhere for the heat to go, nothing for it to travel into to escape the ship, or in the case of this video, to escape the concrete and allow the reaction to continue
I feel like "if all oxygen disappeared concrete would crumble" is based on some ridiculous, hypothetical case of "aliens literally took every oxygen atom off the planet", at which point crumbling concrete would be the least of our concerns.
We'd turn into hydrogen gas
I'm thinking QAnon had something to do with it!
time to get gassy
@@mawinstallation6626 no
Shouldn't silicate be SiO3? In the video it says SiO5.
There’s rocks in space, so I’d assume it’s still solid in a vacuum.
@@idiot5637 The most I would expect is that Concrete would be weakened in a vacuum somehow. But the idea that it would turn to dust is pretty extreme...
@@idiot5637 yea, it would be a pretty limiting structural material if it required atmospheric oxygen to retain its strength. And given that its used in basically EVERYTHING, it wouldnt make sense to have such a major restriction like that.
Amen
@@idiot5637 I believe at least some of those videos are more along the premise “what if all oxygen atoms suddenly disappeared one day” to include oxygen atoms bound in compounds. Under that premise they are probably correct; concrete is a mixture of various oxides and removing the oxygen from those compounds by whatever mystical means would be catastrophic. Just not very likely.
The thing about concrete in vacuums is, on that basis, a misunderstanding of the premise of the videos.
Not that they aren’t still clickbaity trash.
@@randombloke82 that's what i was thinking.
Oxygen is not air. If oxygen really disappeared, oxygen compounds such as water (and sugar!) would also dissappear. and i think we all know water doesn't just cease to exist when put in a vacuum...
I love how Action Lab knows the result, but he takes his time to do all these experiments anyways to settle these myths once and for all.
He also demonstrates the scientific method quite well, he allows us to learn via discovery by doing the discovery for us in his videos.
Very patient, good job.
I sure hope most schools are still teaching very basic chemistry, but starting to have my doubts....
nothing but remembering all sixhundred and sixty six letters of LGBTQ NX cubed.
you can’t pull out oxygen that’s already bonded to the concrete molecule
"Concrete molecule"
@@joesegovia6170 -- Hehe
Isn't vacuum just removing air or whatever gas is inside?
for electric string it’s removing the air within the chamber, but it would have 0 effect on the concrete since the oxygen molecules are bonded to other molecules within the concrete. What people mean when they say it would turn to dust is that, if ALL oxygen disappeared, including the molecules bonded to the concrete, the concrete would lose all structure and turn to dust.
Concrete isn't a molecule or an atom on its own, it's a composite mixture...
She: Honey, what are you watching?
Me: What happens to concrete in a vacuum.
She: Alright, what does happen to concrete in a vacuum?
Me: Well, nothing.
...
LOL
LoL!!! Good one, buddy! :D
i know.... just wasted 11 minutes of my life. sorry but this video was for the views, not for the likes
@@maik1982 science isn't your thing, it's it?
As long as you’re not watching smut right?
I may be mistaken, but concrete is a product of hydration, where the water allows the cement particles to come together around a molecule of water. Considering that there is hydraulic cement, which doesn't need oxygen to make. The hydrating water is essentially locked in a crystal cage.
The only thing that a vacuum might do is lower the vapor pressure which allows the water to escape the cement. Probably not enough to free the bound water, but it might require less energy when you apply heat to it. If you apply enough heat, the water breaks out of the concrete, and you're back to the initial ingredients. Limestone is an example of a rock which needs water to be in rock form. If you heat it, it turns into burnt lime (Calcium Oxide).
I think there are some products which might be weak enough where a vacuum might liberate the water molecules.. maybe gypsum or epsom salts. Vacuum distillation and vacuum drying is a think (freeze drying is forcing the water to crystallize and sublime out).
Interesting question, but boring answer ;)
Appreciate everything you fill my brain with but also, awesome shirt!
1:00 _clarifies the difference between concrete and cement_
5:34
Hahaha i didnt even notice
Well, he was talking about *cement* he've put into the vacuum chamber earlier but it's still funny
Bruh moment 😂🤣🤣🤣😂
Thank you, I have no idea why it took him 11 min to prove a simple concept
You still need some type of gravel reguardless of size formula for concrete 1 cement 2 sand 3 gravel = concrete if you add iron bars in some type of lattice structure it helps with flexibility and it’s “re-enforced concrete” not to mention the other additives to speed up or slow drying time.👍🏻
NASA did this study. Glass, steel, and concrete created in 0 oxygen is much stronger.
All hail civil engineering!
no tiny air gaps less likely to break
Imagine humans created in a 0 oxygen environment
Harder but more brittle, not necessarily stronger
@Joe no air doesn't mean no space
Really interesting. I'm not a chemist so it was really nice to have the chemistry explained!
That was really interesting. I heard that the ancient Romans knew how to make concrete that could set underwater. I'd love to see you do something with that. Maybe an explanation of the differences between it and normal concrete or some kind of side by side experiment.
Most concretes will set underwater. What the romans had was self-repairing concrete - made using lime conglomerates.
From Wikipedia:
"Recent research (2023) found that lime clasts, previously considered a sign of poor aggregation technique, react with water seeping into any cracks. This produces reactive calcium, which allows new calcium carbonate crystals to form and reseal the cracks."
Honestly, that's pretty freakin' genius.
@@eddyblackmore2834 It's not genius, it's a result of literally being incapable of creating purer cement. The presence of the impurities are what results in an incomplete and inefficient reaction, thus leaving material which can react later. They could not have done any different if they tried, it's just a natural result.
@@eddyblackmore2834 Well, they didn't really know why they were doing it, only that it works. It's still fascinating though
@@joramzimmermann5375 who says they didn't know?
@@catsabotage3362 There was a ton of knowledge about chemical reactions from long ago. The arabs collected a lot of the chemical recipes of the old mediterranean and middle-east empires in a book called Al Chemia. They had esoteric (and spiritual) explanations about why some substances react one way in certain situations and another way in other situations. Finally the Europeans use and tested an old greek theory of atomic elements and the concept of thermal energy instead of the standard classical elements air, water, earth and fire and were able to formalize the mathematical formulas recipe books we call chemistry,
They mean that it would collapse if every oxygen molecule inside the concrete were suddenly removed, which is impossible to test
Daniel Walther how about the meteorite rocks in space?? There's no oxygen in space right?? Yet they're still solid..
@@alphaalpha3557 there is oxygen in space. Oxygen molecules that are a part of larger compounds. I'm not referring to pure oxygen as a gas.I'm talking about just the molecule W 8 protons. If every one of those were to instantaneously dissappear in just about anything it would fall apart
For example if you were to remove all the oxygen molecules from water (h2o) it would just turn into h2 which is hydrogen gas, and also dust from whatever else is in your water like minerals and impurities and whatnot.
@@Gangstabean420 I think you confused him at ( there is oxygen in space ) but you completely lost him at ( larger compounds ) he was gone by ( protons ).
Impossible
people: "all the concrete would turn to dust if we removed the oxygen!"
the concrete without oxygen:🗿
The experiment isn't actually without "oxygen". Concrete does have oxygen molecules inside of it's structures. When you put concrete in a vacume it doesn't break up because only the oxygen in the air is sucked out, but not from the concrete.
@@thatpersononline right
@@thatpersononline Use your Grand Magic to suck out the oxygen instead
@@incognito7705 It isn't. The are Oxygen molecules present IN concrete, which got there by a chemical reaction. And you can only suck out the Oxygen from the atmosphere, not from the compound which makes up concrete.
@@incognito7705 Oxygen is present as a binder agent in concrete. It forms cement into a cohesive mass. There are pores in the concrete, yes, but so is in our bodies. When he put his hand in the vaccum, going by the same logic, it should have sucked stuff from his body. But it didn't. Same happens here. The only way concrete will turn to dust if Oxygen as an element disappeared in concrete.
I think it might crack assuming there are air/gas bubbles trapped into it. But since it's poreous might stay in place (definitly not turning into dust, though...). As for the wet one, I don't believe it will dry well since the "drying" is a réaction between cement and water wich will boil. But then it will stay in gas form in the chamber so might react a bit...dunno...let's see :)
After watching, I was part right...and thus part wrong ^^ I'm quite surprised to see water did not evaporate before reacting with cement.
Very interesting point you re highlighting 👍🏽👍🏿
"So, you use cement to make concrete." THANK YOU!!! Thank you for explaining that! I test concrete for a living and it bugs the snot out of me when people say "cement" when they mean "concrete". It's like saying I'm going to bake a flour. Or, have a piece of flour.
Well... i mean its not like they just teach that in school.
...eh???
From me - a thicko...
I used pure cement once, big mistake....
But why this even happening? It is two distinct things, why would possibly anyone mix them up?
@@AlexandrKovalenko "mix them up" heh heh heh heh heh surely that was a pun right?
I worked with concrete years ago. During that time I learned or was told several things not mentioned in your video.
1- A normal pour (like homeowner sidewalk) would harden enough to walk over it in a day or two. Bad idea. It isn't set enough. A full set time would normally be over 3 weeks. But long before that it would survive normal wear and tear (walking or bicycling on it). A day or two is too soon.
2- Stronger mixes (more cement) cure faster and get hotter. And the strength may be needed for a "structural" application.
3- A standard guide would be to cover fresh concrete for a day or so. Why? Because some of the water trapped inside couldn't evaporate if the outer surface has hardened and dried. And you would prefer the concrete to "set" from the inside out.
4- Water is trapped inside curing concrete and it takes time to dry. Harry Homeowner makes a BBQ pit and uses it too soon. Then it blows up as the trapped water turns to steam inside the mortar.
5- Concrete is formulated for various applications, often by adding chemicals before mixing. Some make it set faster, as you would want in cold weather. You want it setting before the water in it can freeze. Or you add a chemical that entrains air within the concrete. "Air-entrained concrete contains billions of microscopic air cells per cubic foot. These air pockets relieve internal pressure on the concrete by providing tiny chambers for water to expand into when it freezes."
Minor comment that is normal for all of us. We frequently swap "cement" and "concrete." as you did in the video.
I thought hardening of concrete was because of some kind of chemical reaction instead of water leaving it?
@@vksasdgaming9472 I think it is both. The chemical reaction creates a lot of heat. Especially if there is a higher percentage of cement. Or possibly some additives put in to accelerate the setting. I guess the water is part of that, and does seem to get released during the process. Having the surface moist may allow a path for the internal water.
@@vksasdgaming9472 Both: the reaction with oxygen and/or water and/or CO2 is what makes It harden, but water needs to be removed slowly, so the cement slurry or concrete has the desired porosity, texture and elasticity.
Kinda similar to how important is removing water gradually when baking bread or cakes.
P.S.: There is the exception of using hydrophillic cement, since It is designed to harden when damp and inside/besides water. In that case, only the reaction with water matters.
A standard 50/50 3500psi exterior has chemicals in it to help it set quicker...standard set time is 28 days and can be accelerated with the aid of chemicals
that was like the longest comment ever..
I'd guess if the vacuum is strong enough and is maintained continuously while curing concrete, you'd lose a lot of water through increased evaporation, might get dryer than Ideal. There's probably also more bubbles caused by boiling water. I guess micro bubbles on the surface and/or a lessened curing at the surface because of a deficit of water near the surface probably explains the slight colour difference in your experiment.
This was actually really interesting. I expected a different outcome with the concrete setting in a vacuum. That was a cool experiment. Got a good lesson in concrete aswell
Concrete: *does not turn to dust*
*Thanos didn't like that*
ً*slow clap*
Aqil Hizam was it though?
He couldn’t take it anymore so he snapped
What do u mean who is thanos
@@aqilhizam4073 you have no sense of humor
Alternate title: the action lab makes people stare at a concrete block for 11 minutes
lol😂
More like five minutes
Not just them also us
If they didnt the believers of the dustification would call bullshit lol this is for the dustifiers not those with intellegence
Fast forward works for me…. Peace, man.
I'm glad you made this.
What affect concrete more than Oxygen is just plain 'ol common air. Down south like where I work in Texas, that is not an issue. Up in the Northern states though concrete needs 2.3 to about 9% air. This is to allow it to expand and contract with the freezing temps without cracking. When temperatures get to below freezing the concrete (unlike freezing water), concrete squeezes in on itself. When the temps go up to the 80-100's the concrete expands, like water does when it freezes. This expanding and contracting over time can cause the concrete to crack if it is above ground and exposed to the weather. The air in the concrete acts like the expansion joints do and give the concrete some give. The cracking issue is compounded if it is wet out. Rain will soak into the top layer for up to ¾ of an inch while the rest stays dry. The air in the concrete gives it enough buffer to keep the wet layer and the dry part intact.
Q:What do you think will happen
Me: "Nothing"
Q:How sure are you?
Me: "110 Percent"
*Turns on vacuum*
Me: "Why am I nervous all of a sudden?"
When you have a test and dont have learned but you cant cheat for it because she is constantly looking at you
Laom
Lmoa
omaL
oLma
100% nothing will happen!
Aggree
Its common sense tbh
+
I feel like I've wasted 11 minutes of my life :(
Me too. Concrete will just probably become depressurised and the upon sudden pressurising I guess that's what makes it brake.
I just watched this one, I love your vacuum chamber did you build it or buy it? The landscape stone you used may not be just concerned. The company I worked for, which I'm not moving right now, would donate their solid waste from paint and polymers to mix into concrete for landscaping stones. This was an environmentally safe way of disposing of solid paint waste. As well as it added strength to the landscaping stones and they could use it for coloring I believe as well it was told to me. I don't know if having a polymer in the Stone as a binding agent to the concrete would add anything else to it. I was also wondering if it had any air pockets in it that would pull the air out during the vacuum. I'd be interested to see what that vacuum chamber would do to certain natural stones or geodes since they usually carry some level of moisture or air pockets in natural stones.
@@huntershepherd8838 Sorry, I tend to spill out when I start talking.
Good points made. For concrete and most rocks, their own toughness will likely always withstand 0 atmospheres, regardless of any air bubbles, unless the rock is thin, soft, and filled with quite a lot of fluid/gas compared to its size. Even the vast majority of geodes wouldn't pop in a vacuum.
Interesting, thanks for sharing this.
A few points here:
- For concrete to turn to dust, you'd need to pull it to it's tensile breaking point. Which is roughly 3Mpa (mega pascal) for homemade concrete.
- Mpa is a measurement of force of impact on a certain area. It's important how big the area of measurement is. Let's say the area is 1cm square. In this case a vacuum or anything else would need to pull with 30kg of force on every single square cm of that concrete piece to reduce it to dust. Quite a lot of force on such a small area.
Another way to look at it is if for example you attach a 3x3 inches metal plate with glue to concrete. You'd need around 170kg (375 pounds) of pulling force on that steel plate to pull concrete apart. If the glue is strong enough that is.
- Concrete takes a whole month to fully cure, but it reaches 60% of it's strength in a day. I'm a construction engineer by trade, so I know a lot about concrete.
- An additional point to all curious about why concrete falls apart, it is because of carbon dioxide (CO2) it bonds with hidroxides in cured concrete, reduces it's ph value, and returns it to it's more natural form - limestone components so it crumbles away. So essentially in space concrete is everlasting, there is no co2 to chemically destabilize it. While in Earth's atmosphere it's destined to fail the moment it's made.
Is it "destined" to fail literally, as in if the mixtures is poured/cured in atmosphere, it's already been exposed to factors that inevitably lead to failure? Or is it the sustained presence of atmospheric variables that _eventually_ lead to failure?
I'm wondering if it's possible to replicate concrete in vacuum, and if possible, if it would have a positive impact on the materials durability/properties.
@@Nikolai18A You can pour concrete in vacuum, it's an anaerobic chemical reaction, it needs no air to cure. Its also common practice and desirable to cure test samples of concrete underwater for 28 days so the tests have as little as possible sample deviation. The carbonatization process is constant, the concrete absorbs CO2 from atmosphere for years and decades, and very slowly but surely loses it's properties. It's also not that it loses its integrity altogether, it loses some, it's rather that it gets much higher acidity and rebar inside corrodes and then breaks apart, then what was standard pressure can break the same construction easily. That's why you see rebar exposed and corroded and breakaway concrete on old buildings. So yeah as long as we live, CO2 is present in the atmosphere and standard Portland Cement made concrete from limestone is inevitably gonna fail.
The Materials Engineer has entered the chat.
Or, put simply, concrete is strong and can handle 1 atmosphere of pressure whether it's from the outside or the inside.
as more CO2 is added to the atmosphere concrete would last for less and less time based on this
Odd, I always thought that in a vacuum, a brick turns into bread.
Same...
I thought things just spun quickly round a tube
No you idiots, it turns into a pink and purple bunny rabbit...with sparkles.
How stupid you are. The Moon is made out of concrete and it still didn't crumble in the vacuum of space!
@@TheKitMurkit lmao what? The moon has different theories of how it was made. It might not be concrete. Might even be a dried up ball of magma. So a spherical Igneous rock. That's why it's so white is one theory that I personly believe in. So we can't say that it doesnt crumble because of that 1 theory that might be wrong.
Love this Series❤️
People are missing the point. The hypothetical "removal of oxgen" means all oxygen everywhere -- and tied up in mixtures, compounds, and molecules. Not just air.
And the question asked @ 3:44 "Does concrete need air to dry?" is not quite a correctly-worded question. The water added to concrete does not "dry" per se, but the water actually becomes part of the concrete and binds chemically to the other ingredients in the concrete (as he explains beginning @6:50). That's why concrete gets stronger if you keep it wet while it's curing.
He thought the concrete would go
“Mr. Stark I don’t feel so good”
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⡾⠏⠉⠙⠳⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠞⠉⠙⠲⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣴⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⡀⠀⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷ ⠀⠀⢠⣟⣋⡀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡀⣧⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇ ⠀⠀⢸⣯⡭⠁⠸⣛⣟⠆⡴⣻⡲⣿⠀⣸⠀⠀OK⠀ ⡇ ⠀⠀⣟⣿⡭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⠀⠀⣿⠀⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇ ⠀⠀⠙⢿⣯⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⡿⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⠃⠀⠀⠘⠤⣄⣠⠞⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡦⢤⡤⢤⣞⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣿⣏⠁⠀⠀⠸⣏⢯⣷⣖⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢲⣶⣾⢉⡷⣿⣿⠵⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣼⣿⠍⠉⣿⡭⠉⠙⢺⣇⣼⡏⠀⠀⠀⣄⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣧⣀⣿.........⣀⣰⣏⣘⣆⣀⠀⠀
Nani
@@abramjsseneca9116 how??!!
@@ItsPlayer01 copy and paste
Bob, I don't feel so good...
And people called me an idiot because i never believed solid concrete would turn to dust in space and oh look I was right
@@dirtyolmuppet4090 so we can't watch videos made by morons?
your mother idk about you but I do my best to ignore stupid people. Is this guy some amazing genuine scientist? No is he dumb? maybe to some people but honestly why are those people going out of there way to watch some one they think is stupid? Kind of seems like a oxymoron
@@dirtyolmuppet4090 well he probably didn't know before he clicked the vid and only after watching came to that realization. You can't just assume he is a subscriber. Personally I don't think he's stupid either. Just misinformed.
@@yourmother5810 sorry late reply but I'm just now going thru my emails and seeing this! I don't think he is dumb either just why the comment in the first place? He did a experiment to show what would or wouldn't happen to the object in the vacuum seal
Water will turn to hydrogen if we remove the oxygen too
You do a great job - you're, now, 4M+ subs says so. For best scientific result, single variable changes work best.
You can use the comet example. A comet is a mixed conglomerate, which travels in space where you have vacuum
As a builder I offer the following clarification on the terminology for those who are interested:
Concrete is a combination of cement, fine aggregate (sand) and course aggregate (sharp rocks).
Sand & Cement mixed together without the course aggregate is called Sand & Cement which is also called Mortar (for bonding bricks) or Grout (used between your tiles).
Sand & Cement mixed with Clay is called Render.
Originally though, Mortar was made from only Sand and Lime as Cement was too expensive for most applications. The advantage of this mix being that Sand & Lime can be recycled if it is ground down and remixed with water to make wet Mortar again.
With all of these cement based products, additional additives can also be added to improve plasticity, accelerate drying times, delay drying times or even to make the product less permeable to water, depending on the desired application. The faster you cure concrete the more it cracks.
And cement based products shrink as they cure, so products like “non-shrink grout” overcome this because they have an additive that expands the product slightly as it cures while the cement shrinks at the same time, therefore the net effect is “non-shrink”.
I learned more from this comment than the video.
Wow. Thanks for that comment. You did great at explaining things.
Make your own channel and explain things like this.
hi rich, when donate?
"Sand & Cement mixed together ... is called Sand & Cement"
*hmm sounds right*
I'm 100% sure that the concrete will just remain the same, I just can't imagine it crumbling to dust
Of course not. Oxygen is in the bond. A vacuum isn’t going to remove it anymore that it’s going to remove the block.
Most people would just assume they're talking about the gas but I think they were still fine to interpret 'no oxygen' as oxygen within compounds too. It'd just break down a LOT more stuff than concrete.
Originally I would have assumed that it would stay as is in vacuo, since concrete formation is a chemical not a physical process. My lay reasoning behind this is that concrete doesn't get its compression strength from atmospheric pressure, it gets it from the exothermic reactions and chemical bonds that occur and form while the concrete is setting. So introducing concrete to a vacuum surely should not cause it to crumble or lose any of its structural integrity or even any of its properties seen under normal atmospheric conditions.
But on second thought I was considering the fact that concrete is actually quite porous and the lack of inward pressure against the concrete could cause enough outward pressure from the air pockets inside the concrete to generate enough cracks to allow the concrete to crumble.
So after a little more consideration, I would assume that either A- No, or B- Depends on how porous the concrete is or possibly other aspects of its inner structure or makeup. Probably wrong, just a guess.
1:46 - THIS is why you're here.
Under appreciated comment
Thank you so much
yeah on a lot of videos i get bored and click on to something else if the narrator is still rambling on after the first minute...
Like name like work 😀
Yes
This guy can make "watching concrete to dry" something interesting. Coming up: "What happens if you try to dry paint in the vacuum" that's my irrational request now xD
I kinda want to see that now...
@@MinistryOfMagic_DoM Great! Now we just need his 3.5M subs to join us and he'll do it
Right after that -
"What happens if you don't mow the grass in a vacuum?"
it’s gonna lahm 100%
@NexusGen Inc. well if neil Armstrong foot sill on the moon then paint should still be wet
How does aircrete, the special light concrete with a large amount of tiny air bubble in it, react in a vaccum chamber. Will the pressure of the air bubbles in it makes it slowly erode into dust?
Got to love the 90's school science video music in the background
I love how you address the facts without putting anyone down for confusing how this works!
TM
"Facts don't care about feelings" 😜
This was a puzzling belief in the first place , why would concrete crumble to dust without an atmosphere
I didn't hear any facts, all I heard was stupid fucking annoying background music so I shut off the goddamn video.
I am fucking sick of music videos instead of information videos. I didn't come here to listen to fucking music I came here to listen to somebody talk.
So fucking annoying but everybody just accepts it like complacent little fucking sheep.
@@rivermcratt3683 calm down bro nobody likes the music
I don't think anything is going to happen, and 95% sure of that.
Same …
Agreed. Idk where people get these ideas that suddenly everything will end... lol and if anything he took it to extremes. He didn't just remove oxygen, he removed nitrogen, hydrogen and many other gasses etc
I agree
I'm with you
Same
7:57 When actually laying down cement for concrete, people will make sure it gets thoroughly mixed, if not you'll have dry powder clumps in your concrete weakening it.
This proves that most of the videos on UA-cam are made by people that don't know what they are taking about.
Thanks for this video, hope the other "content creators" learn something today
literally made us watch concrete dry.
Better than watching grass grow, I guess.
@@nickdonovan1447 but not better than watching paint dry
Will a wet cloth dry inside a vacuum chamber? 🤔🤨
Please make a video on it
No it will not. Think about it, the water molecules on the cloth will remain there
Dinara actually you’re wrong with the low pressure the water would completely boil away
@@Dinara1up The low pressure allows the water to boil at room temperature and phase change into gas.
@@ericnelson3102 but were they will go? As it is closed chamber it cannot go anywhere.
@@PremKhunt If it boils and all the gas is being pulled out by the chamber...
My initial thought after seeing the thumbnail was that nothing would happen. After a couple of minutes into the video I started having my doubts but glad my initial thoughts were correct.
Most concrete is air-entrained concrete. pulling a vacuum may remove some of the air and cause some micro-fissures, but that's about it. Excessive water in the mix causes more damage by evaporating due to the heat generated by the exothermic reaction between the cement and water. This process does cause cracks and fissures whereby more water can seep into the concrete, and in the case of roadways or other outdoor structures, cause corrosion the rebar and freeze that damage in the concrete itself.
Who else wants to have this guy as their school science teacher?
I know! I would be AWESOME!! I LOVE this guy! He inspired me!!
OMG that would be soo cool! Btw I LOVE your videos too!! you are super underrated and deserve alot more subs!!
Me. I have been calling him "Teach".
Nope i am good with my professor becz they are from imperial University of London so yeah i don't but he is good
I want too lol
I know I do.
Those Hypothesis are pretty concrete :)
Yeah, not very solid
My first thoughts were why would you think that? But I did find the explanation of the chemical reaction with cement and water quite interesting.
Great video, but I think the apparent brightness difference between the two samples, (that you note at about 10:00), is due more to uneven illumination. I note that the backing paper itself appears brighter, on the brighter sample. Just a small quibble. :-)
"They paved paradise and put up a parking lot"...in space
Can you put vacuum chamber inside a vacuum chamber? Just asking.
Judging by what we did here on earth, sounds possible
@@AwesomeTheAsim already did it
I think one reason of this myth is because when cement/concrete as cured and is total dry.
If the concrete is used to hold Weight (Bridge/Building) It would have already a stress to stay in one piece.
Right now, as we all know we are living with Air that is about 15PSI on our Shoulder. If those 15psi of pressure would be gone, all the concrete that support weight would be easier to crumble because the outside pressure would be 0psi meanwhile, some air particle in the concrete would try to expand with those 15psi stuck in it.
It wouldn't become "dust" but it would definitely have tendency to crack much faster and then crumble.
@@TwinShards That completely makes no sense. LOL!!!
I really respect you for going through with this experiment and for trying to guess why the confusion existed in the first place.
I see it as a major issue in western education because the distinction between elements and elemental substances, one of the core distinctions that has existed for 150 years is never made in Western schools and instead they cling to the old school style (no pun intended) of "oxygen is an element that forms the basis of the water molecule and which is a gas at room temperature", which is essentially just two very different things given the same name. In Soviet-based schools the very first theoretical lesson always highlights heavily that a distinction should be made between oxygen as an type of atoms and oxygen as a "non-compound substance", as we call it, with easily observable physical properties like it being a gas, having no smell and so forth, and every textbook has as one of its very first tasks a list of statements where students have to decide if the statement applies to an element or a non-compoind substance. Wonder if trying to teach that in Western schools will get me into trouble for teaching definitions that don't match what the majority learns within the same community thus creating potential miscommunication which is like the opposite of how science should work.
Thank you for educating these fools that made the claims.
Who else was like "that's such a stupid thing to try that I won't waste my time with this video" and then thought "what if it actually turns to dust and I'm about to miss on the most interesting video of the year" and clicked on it?
i saw the uncured concrete by hovering over the video and thought "there is no way it actually turned into powder right?" and guess what it didnt.
@@m81895 but you still watched it, so...
X2
Yeah to be honest I did as well, even though I learned how concrete works in engineering class😔, it's sad to say I got too tempted. I also thought it was sad how people thought that the oxygen just sat inside the concrete as if they acted like pillars preventing it from crumbling under constant weight.
Hey thunkus wads how about you go learn how you cant un-bond oxygen by sucking it
It’s gonna crumble revealing an “Infinity Stone”.
*_That would be epic_*
Nope because thanos got all the stones
@@walkingbird8615 *_I did_*
@@apexgear2340 I know you did,we all know you did xdd
Haha
I was 60% sure that it would happen nothing!😮😊 You are the best!😊❤
Very interesting experience !
Ca3SiO5= CASIO...MUCH BETTER
😂
Curing concrete in a vacuum chamber vs in air would affect it if you had a larger time period. As a way cement cures is that the CaO in the cement bonds with CO2 in the air which turns the lime (CaO) into limestone (CaCO3) which is also why the concrete exposed to air was more of a whiteish color. And in a vacuum obviously you don't have any CO2. So in the long term this would actually have a pretty big difference in the strength of the 2 concrete samples.
Nice video, actuallcy if you think about it, the concrete cures in a vacuum, only because the inner part of the thing is not in contact with air while it curates only the exterior layer.
I like his shirt in this video. Good reference to a classic movie
This is fake
Concrete block is a paid actor
Actually it's CGI.
Guys, you’re thinking about this all wrong. The block is there, and it’s real, however, the “glass” it’s in is a door to another dimension where there is nothing, he put it in there so that it couldn’t wreck havoc on anything ever again, this experiment is really a way of him torturing his prisoner for the crimes it’s committed, the only reason he pulled it out of the portal is to allow it to breathe so it doesn’t die.
@@complexcs8383 its a joke. oh my god!!
Jacob Harris nice man you just wooooshed 2 people
@@complexcs8383 r/iamverysmart
They meant that if oxygen element vanished from the earth and all bonds.
Then concrete never exist
I think that if oxygen was to magically disappear from the universe from one second to another, crumbling concrete would be your smallest of problems...
@@StefanBrodd hahah yeah lmao
@@nyxtv3518 You’re a bit confused
If that's the case then water would not exist and would turn into a gas
I really like this guy
When you mix it like that you are mixing oxygen into the mix so when you put it inside the vacuum sealed chamber it has oxygen inside the mix, you take the air out of the box but does the concrete make almost like a protective layer causing the oxygen inside the mix to become trapped and not able to be sucked out of the chamber resulting in it hardening and still being the same as the one outside the chamber ?
Omg I put it on 0.75 speed and it sounds like he's drunk 😂😂🤣
True lol
Try 0.5 😁
Oml
I thought it was originally .5, slow ass video.
Try 1.0
When he's explainibg how it works i never felt sleepy.. Unlike my teacher
Your teacher felt sleepy when Action Lab explains how it works?
@@adb012 lol i meant i get bored when my teacher explains things
Hanging in your sentence, I have found a participle.
Not really as there is no explanation
it's because you are interested in this
unlike school that obligate you to learn things you don't have interest in
Good cookie tutorial, looks delicious
The only force concrete without re-bar in it can take is preassure....all other types of forces break it quite instantly if you dont put in re-bar.
Also we used to vacuum suck floor-pours by putting out vacuum mats and connecting air....we just sucked the moisture out before starting to work the surface...it became some damn fine floors.
Nowadays tho we have so much additives in the concrete so they can control all the drying and such chemically instead.
Does anybody else feel relieved when he lets the air back in?
Not crumble because for it to crumble the oxygen in its structure has to disappear not the air
harrison graden nearly everything has oxygen in it
harrison graden in nature dissappear is impossibile, it become.
@ *R D*
I see what you did there.. 🤣😂
Thank you for the info.
Brain fed! Buuuurp.
I knew it wasn't from the start!
I've always had faith in you concrete!
This is off topic but I love his Back To The Future shirt
You're my favorite UA-cam University Professor. Brilliant man.
yeah when i was volunteering on a build a house project.. i tried mixing cement then a few minutes later i found blood dripping from my finger, there are no blister just a tiny hole.. the construction guy told me it was because of the cement..
I think curing concrete in a vacuum will remove any excess water, since the excess water will quickly evaporate in the vacuum. You cannot mix concrete with water in a vacuum. Concrete will react with any excess water over a very long time period, years in the case of my garage floor. In that long time period, the concrete will gradually get harder. Using a diamond saw to cut concrete will depend on whether the concrete is "old" or "green", where "green" is another term for concrete that is only a day or so old. The length of time for green concrete to fully cure will depend on the formulation, temperature, and water. Some additives can accelerate the cure, while others can delay it. Green concrete is quite easy to cut, while old concrete can be much harder to cut. The demonstration video only tested green concrete. If the time had been extended much longer, the vacuum-ed concrete might be measurably weaker than the fully cured concrete.
(this is joe, PapaO, not MommaO)
I worked as a vibrator on original I-15 Interstate overpasses, and even in winter, it needed at least 40 F to cure, so temperature was a factor, I guess no dust because the atmosphere does not penetrate the cement block, I would guess that in a vacuum would be a major factor in slowing the curing process. there would likely be small air bubbles within the wet concrete, which causes a major FAIL (a vibrator removes the bubbles while it is still wet). Not sure how it is handled today. Fun to watch the video, my son :)
Momma O are you his parents?
kool
Worked as a vibrator....
Seems weird lol
@@ningenslayer1165 yes, it does lol
« lol »
OVERUSED WORD
Wrong!
It's made of gravel sand and bone meal and place it in water and brake with pickaxe
Fact
Pffff. Obviously you use grey dye for this.
No u dont use bone meal (not anymore). U use dyes.
Why bonemeal?
Well, bone meal is a dye too...
Actually I was wondering can we treat bad soil that clogs and sucks life out of a plant in a vaccume chamber, like I believe vaccume would coz all water boil out of the soil and this would make clay like soil again fertile well drained soil...
Thank god for this, so I assume that using concrete for spaceship would be good idea 😎
Removing oxygen on molecular level will , break it
Also our dna's hydrogen bonding
It will break the water. We will die at an instant. And we won't go down in flames, because there will be no oxygen to burn all the molecular hydrogen.
Hmm hmm ,that death will be weird
It would more that just break it, it would change materials from one thing to something completely different. I mean yeah Water would turn into hydrogen instantly, and water is a pretty simple material at a molecular level, other materials would turn to things even more unrelated to it.... It's like the level of turning metal into gold weirdness stuff that would happen
@@GummieI whole mountains will crumble, when the chalk loses it's oxygen. On the upside: there will be no rust...
This. Removing oxygen is not the same as removing atmospheric pressure.
This guy would be the Best science teacher
But he isn't right 😂
He sounds like the teacher from Beavis and Butthead.
@Lester Piglet 😂😂😂
I like the can you make a stable magnetic floating table or theoretically create a time machine with our technology and understanding
you tube is his classroom !
I wonder how a stress test results would be on the Air vs Vacuum dry.
@2:09...
I think it will stay hard (that's what she said! Lmado) because the water made the compounds pond already.
It can take the water out si itll fizz with he water being extracted!....
Crumble? I think there too many atoms and things of that sort to keep it stable
Anyone else come from watching the video by What If?
Thanks for the likes my guys
Yes
More like what bs
Yup but thats underrated Af
yah
what if we unsubscribed what if. Hahhshs
The videos that talk about a world without oxygen are talking about scenarios where the element of oxygen just completely vanishes, not about atmospheric oxygen.
If Atmospheric Oxygen disappears then the only noticeable thing that would happen is that any oxygen dependent lifeform will just suffocate but if the Element of oxygen disappears then we are without a doubt fked
Not we but whole fkin earth
That's not what those videos mean. They clearly mean oxygen gas and not oxygen molecules, otherwise all life including microscopic species are majorly made up of oxygen, and would die without it in an instant. Concrete turning to dust would be the least of our concerns when all life is at stake.
Same question I also got when I watched what if video
this question reminds me of the age old question "what would happen if the sun was gone". people's first thought is we would be stuck in perpetual darkness. if the sun was gone, perpetual darkness would be the least of our concerns. the suns gravitational pull not being there anymore and earth getting shot into the void of space would be a much more pressing matter lol.