Electromagnetic Spectrum Explained - Gamma X rays Microwaves Infrared Radio Waves UV Visble Light
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- Опубліковано 5 сер 2024
- This physics and chemistry video tutorial focuses on the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses the relationship between wavelength, energy, and frequency among the different types of EM waves such as radiowaves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic radiation. This video includes plenty of examples and math practice problems.
Here is a list of topics:
1. EM spectrum - Electromagnetic Radiation
2. Relationship between wavelength, frequency, and energy
3. Ranking Waves In Order of Increasing Frequency and Energy - Lowest to Highest
4. EM Waves - In Order of Decreasing Wavelength - Longest to Shortest
5. Visible Light Spectrum - ROYGBIV
6. Speed of Light, Frequency, Wavelength Equation / Formula
7. Calculating the Energy of a Photon Given Wavelength in nm
8. Joules to Electron Volts - eV Unit Conversion
9. Planck's Constant - h
10. Direct Relationship - Energy and Frequency
11. Inverse Relationship - Wavelength and Frequency
12. Speed of Light in Water - Index of Refraction
Final Exams and Video Playlists: www.video-tutor.net/
0:00 Electromagnetic Spectrum
(in order of increasing energy and frequency)
-Radio waves
-Microwaves
-Infrared
-Visible Light [Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet]
-Ultraviolet Rays
-X-Rays
-Gamma Rays
-Cosmic Rays
0:58 Trends in the Electromagnetic Spectrum
-As you go to the RIGHT:
-energy increases
-frequency increases
-As you go to the LEFT:
-wavelength increases
1:29 Practice with the Trends in the Electromagnetic Spectrum
-1:33 Which has more energy: a blue photon or a red photon?
-a blue photon because it's farther on the right
-1:55 Which has a higher frequency: microwaves or infrared radiation?
-infrared radiation because it's farther on the right
-2:10 Which has a longer wavelength: X-rays or gamma rays?
-X-rays have a longer wavelength because it's farther to the left
-2:25 Which has more energy: microwaves or ultraviolet radiation?
-Ultraviolet radiation because it's farther on the right
-2:38 Which one has a lower frequency: gamma rays or cosmic radiation?
-Cosmic radiation because it's farther to the left
-2:53 Which one has a shorter wavelength: yellow light or green light?
-Green because it's farther on the right (wavelength increases to the left so it decreases when going to the right)
3:20 Wavelength Frequency vs. Energy
-As wavelength increases, the frequency and the energy decrease
-As wavelength decreases, the frequency and the energy increase
4:03 Equations Between Wavelength, Frequency and Energy
-(speed of light (3*10^8 m/s))=(wavelength)*(frequency)
-(velocity (of light))= (speed of light)/(index)
-light travels slower in various mediums
5:48 More Equations
-(energy of a photon)= (planck's constant (6.626*10^-34 Joules/second)*(frequency)
6:10 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
-If you have a wavelength of 700 nanometers (red photon), calculate the frequency of this photon.
-We know:
-c= (wavelength)*(frequency)
-frequency= c/(wavelength)
-(plug in 3*10^8 m/s for c) frequency= (3*10^8 m/s)/(700*10^-9 m)
-you will get: 4.286*10^14 hertz
-8:24 calculate the energy of that red photon:
-We know:
-E=(planck's constant)*(frequency)
-(plug in everything) E= 6.626*10^-34 Joules/second * (4.286*10^14 (1/s))
-you will get: 2.84*10^-19 Joules
-9:34 Converting to electron volts
-Conversion factor: 1.602*10^-19 Joules= 1 eV (electron volt)
-10:00 Converting 2.84*10^-19 Joules to electron volts
-(2.84*10^-19 Joules)*(1 eV / 1.602*10^-19 Joules)= 1.773 eV
-10:43 Calculating the energy of a blue photon with a wavelength of 480 nanometers
-How can we directly calculate the energy of a photon with the wavelength?
-So we know that E=(planck's constant)*(frequency) and that Frequency=c/(wavelength)
-Therefore, by substituting the frequency formula into the energy formula, we get E= (planck's constant*C)/(wavelength)
-11:36 Now let's solve:
-E= (planck's constant*C)/(wavelength) ------> (6.626*10^-34 Joules* (3*10^8 m/s))/ (480*10^-9 m) ------------> 4.14*10^-19 Joules, which is about 2.585 eV
-12:33 Calculating joules, frequency, and wavelength with electron volts
-Convert 7 eV to Joules, frequency, and wavelength in nanometers
-12:59 Converting eV to Joules: 7 eV*(1.602*10^-19)/1 eV --------> 1.12*10^-18 Joules
-13:37 Converting eV to frequency:
-Because we know E=hf, when rearranged, f=E/h
-So, directly substituting the amount of joules for E and planck's constant for h:
-(f= 1.12*10^-18 Joules)/(6.626*10^-34 Joules)= 1.1692*10^15 hertz
-14:23 Converting eV to wavelength
-Because we know c=(wavelength)*f, when rearranged, Wavelength= c/f
-So, directly substituting c for the speed of light and f for the frequency we found for 7 eV earlier:
-Wavelength= (3*10^8 m/s)/(1.692*10^15 1/s) = 1.773*10^-7 meters
-To convert the 1.773*10^-7 meters to nanometers: (1.773*10^-7 m)*(1 nm/(1*10^-9 m), which is 177.3 nanometers.
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Electron volt
My professor likes to speed run chemistry leaving anyone who doesn’t understand in the dust.
I like that
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Bro litterally what’s happening rn to me
Sounds like a typical general chemistry class. You have to read the chapter he is covering before the lectures.
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He has like 3.2 mil now lmao
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Here’s a good way to remember the spectrum:
R- Reindeer
M- Meat
I- Is
V- Very
U- Unusual
X- X-mas
G- Gift
lol.. I'll never forget this.. thx
Thanks bro
Thanks I will never forget 😀
Omg tnxx
try...
Real -Radio waves
Martians - Microwaves
Invade - infrared
Venus - Visible
Using - UV rays
X-ray - X-rays
Guns - gamma rays
Great lecture. I now have better picture for understanding electromagnetic spectrum than before. Many thanks!
I am amazed by your teaching skills , "chapo"
trying to teach myself chem so i can go straight to ap chem and this guy is literally the only thing keeping me sane rn
thank you so much genchem is a really fast class so i really appreciate your channel
I don't read any reference I just watch your videos ♥️♥️♥️ keep going
Very clearly explained.Thank you big
This video really helped me to learn it for school thanks:)
This video really helped me to learn it for my own curiosity thanks :)
sir, you are an awesome teacher.
seriously thank you so much. I was so lost in my college chemistry class. thank you.
You made it so simple for me. Thank you.
great video thanks for the upload
Thanks alot for this video it was very helpful
Hello. I have a question unrelated to the video. If I have a very high electromagnetic frequency could it be block be a low frequency like a red laser? Thank you!!!
Your so smart man! Thanks a lot
Well done!
You're a Lifesaver
Omg I can not say how much this video has helped me I know I’m late to commenting but I love your videos they have helped me so much you are a absolute live saver ❤❤❤
same
Whenever I watch your video, I click the like button automatically
Thank you once again.
Superb. Thanks.
BRO I LOVE YOU SO MUCH!!!!!
my professor hardly explained Hz and its conversions and Joules
and what do you know it's a piece of cake to understand
thank you so much
I wasn't even planning to study but here am now....... ❤️❤️
A good way to remember this is that rock music is useful for X-Raying goats
Hey just want to say that your videos help a lot so thank you🙏
I have this question that I'm having trouble solving. I am given the total energy of NO, and they want me to find the wavelength of 5.0 mols of NO. What equation do I use?
If you was given the energy for NO assume it's the energy for one mole of NO, do therefore multiply the energy given by 5, and then use it in the formular E =hc/Y (Y representing lambda the symbol for wavelength)
You are life saver.Jesus of Chemistry
how do we put the notation the calculator (casio fx-82za plus), it either gives me zero or the wrong answer
Man you explain very well. Thanks for help.
Do you have videos of radio waves?
A good way to remember order of spectrum
Radio Micro Infra Visable Ultra Xray Gamma
Ryan Mike In Van Use X-ray Guns
And where does E.T. Whittaker's model fit into this...
খুব ভালো
i seem to get the answers correct but my exponents seem to be off someone help
You were probably doing math with the exponents separately. Like simplifying 10^8/10^15 and getting 10^-7 and sticking it to the other division. You have to input the whole number into the calculator including the exponents part
aside from UV what are other EM waves that can turn into a high intensity narrow spectrum?
have you found the answers aafter 3 years
5 years acully@@xunhao196
@@xunhao196 have you found the answer after 5 years
thanks a lot
Finally i got it why they say infrared and ultraviolet
Ready inghepa in🥰😁
Thank you
At 2:13 wouldnt gamma rays have a longer wavelength since it increases going to the left? X rays has a shorter and higher one because it’s more to the left ?
nah bc gamma is more frequent and has more energy so it’s wavelength is shorter
@@jacobwhite7468 ty !!
Very helpful video. Visible is spelled wrong in the title.
The explanation is great; however, @7:58 the answer should be 5.42857*10^14. The rest of the calculations are messed up.
Nope it’s not. The calculations presented in the video are correct as is.
way above most folks.
This guy save me
My understanding is that cosmic rays are really nuclei (mainly protons) being ejected from stars.
This is the reason I won't fail my science test
Good
Sir I think u had forgotten the Indigo colout
Great video but the volume is so soft. I have mine turned up all the way and I can barely hear you.
Can you please do a video for black body radiation
ohhh......i like this
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a useful video for students like us
This might sound really stupid, if visible light's frequency is about 5 orders of magnitude greater than a microwaves frequency -- so it has more energy -- why does visible light not cook food but lesser energy waves do?
A thought 4 you. What are common natuial electrochimical, electromechanical, or electromagnetic frequencies produced by the human body used in brain, nerves system, body aura, hart beat impulse, (optical, tactile, auditory, nurve communication impulses) to build a communication system to track body functions that could be tied to one of the frequencie groups of a cell phone dedicated to medical tracking devices. In such a device planted in the body you have voltage from nerve cells and other simiconduter natural in the body for power supply the aura could be used as antenna 📡 (a CPU, micro memory, communication interface 🕹️ and other hardware can be suspended in frozen solution that when thawed and injected will migrate to central location using rare earth magnetic 🧲 to assemble in a sysitive nurve bundles 2 monitors hart beat, blood pressure, electrical nurve impulses but the dangerous thing is the capacitor circuit of the LCR could discharge screwing up the nerves system EST ElectroShock Therapy or death☠️ ) think about it and the tech out there today for RFD tags
Cool theory but can you learn how to use punctuations?
Do they all have the same speed?
Yes, if the light travels through a vacuum. If it passes through a prism/water it would change
Who else enjoyed this lecture?
I did
very good ...........
just remember the ivu means i love u
for the problem in 7:56 how did you get it to the 14th power i got the answer but not the exponenet
Yea me too I have same issue
same here
cos, when u divide 3 by 700, u get 0.004286 and the solution then will be, 0.004286 times 10 raised to 17. but according to scientific notations, the number past the, 10 raised to any exponent [in this case, 0.004286] must be between 1 to 10, so we move the decimal point in 0.004286 3 places to the right, from 0 to the place in between 4 and 2, making it, 4.286 and hence lying between 1 and 10. since we moved the decimal point 3 places to the right, we're gonna subtract 3 from 17 which gives 14. and hence the answer is 4.286 times 10 raised to 14 [sorry for my English, not my native language]
what is a lenth?
DestroyerNUTS Gaming Google it
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Why leave out indgo why ROYGBV AND NOT AS IT IS ROYGBIV
doesn't R have more energy than B?
Blue light has more energy than red light. red light has a longer wavelength.
I can literally hear him say that.
@@TheOrganicChemistryTutor I have fallen for your voice
Can someone explain how he got 10 to the 14th power
Wouldn’t have been 10 to the 17th power since 8-(-9)=17 min 7:42
No because there is also 3/700 so actually (3*10^8)\(7*10^-7)
[copy pasting my answer from a diff comment I replied],
cos, when u divide 3 by 700, u get 0.004286 and the solution then will be, 0.004286 times 10 raised to 17. but according to scientific notations, the number past the, 10 raised to any exponent [in this case, 0.004286] must be between 1 to 10, so we move the decimal point in 0.004286 3 places to the right, from 0 to the place in between 4 and 2, making it, 4.286 and hence lying between 1 and 10. since we moved the decimal point 3 places to the right, we're gonna subtract 3 from 17 which gives 14. and hence the answer is 4.286 times 10 raised to 14 [sorry for my English, not my native language]
You are forgetting indigo right?
👍
please increase your audio in the video. it's very hard to listen to you without Turing the volume all the way up
indigo is also a visible light, its Roy G Biv
He literally said that
@@abbeybutte2669 yeah was kinda just writing the mnemotechnics i learned, literally
how can i calculate energy of one mole of 0hotons of radiation whose frq is 5×10°14
Fransisco Wijaya Fuck off
What is this dude’s major?
Do you have a video going over Electromagnetic waves?
10:56
This answered the question 2= is 5G safe too human or not? Do the Math?
there was gonna be a fat joke but it didint fit in the text box
My spectrum modem no more 2.4gh they just change modem only Wi-Fi how I using camera security use 2.4ghz ?? How
Please help
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I like all your videos but don't use the symbolisms
What was h at 6:01
kaitlyn s plank’s constant
I can't even hear your voice sir :< :
He: roygbv
Me: WHERE THE HECK IS INDIGO
why did you divide by 1.602 instead of multiplying it? 12:20
Julie Olistin Go to 9:30 .
✝️♎️💕
where is indigo ?
He has no indigo!!!! XD
I'm really confused with this spectrum. my teacher gave me a scale but the different rays are backwards for example your scale starts RW but that is the last one on mine.
Its the same. Just reversed bro...
what did i just watch.
speed of light changes in a material based on what? I couldn't understand what you were saying. I think you need to speak a little louder. I can barely hear you. Otherwise, very helpful.
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uuh if you ging to convert nm to metres its ideal to put it in standard form and 700 SURE look like STANDARD FORM!!!
Calm down
everything will be calculated and put into standard form at the end so it's not a big deal. having 700x10^-9 just makes it simple to remember the conversion from nm-m without having to do more math
sit down and take a chill pill dude
Where would the cancer causing 5g millimeter wave sit on this scale?
hi
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give less examples
What?
Your units in your solution are not very clear, sir. This is a good video though.
His way of posing the electro magnetic spectrum may be wrong but its just reversed so theres no big deal. But his video is a bit lame as theres no passion and his voice is subttle. But he gets to the point in a way.