Just got home from a 20 hour work shift at 11:30 am, 750 miles driven. Been up over 30 hours and before I crash for 14 hours or so, I am watching episode B. Gotta have priorities. Thanks for all you do for us Nick! Like manna from heaven...
Nick, I look forward to hopefully someday in the not to distant future, to meet you, shake your hand, give you a huge ass hug and maybe be able to hang out in your area and set in to some of your classes after I officially retire and live in a van down by the river out by you somewhere. Central Wisco kinda boring but I live in a very awesome area for glacial geology and if you look far enough in central 'Wisconsin there are some really awesome old rocks here in our basement geology in my backyard (so to speak) from several episodes of terrane accretion and mountain building and volcanism. You are the best Nick, your vids helped me through a dark time in my family life. Thank you man, I love you
Hi Nick, from Boulder, Colorado. Checking in. I've been here before, during COVID-19 and have seen quite a few of your letters. I'm a big fan. I'm 72 years old, a retired engineer, named Kurt. I live with chronic pain from a degenative spine condition. I've found a brilliant surgeon, who will revise my spine early next year. Big surgeries but I have no intention of leaving this precious world. I have stories to tell, people to help, work to do. Thanks for what you do is important too, along with Hanna and others. Future kurt here. The schedule will change, everything is gonna be alright. God bless us all, and He does, you Fruitcake, you! Love ya, man. 🇺🇲🧙🏽♂️
The new format is really beginning to gel, and is great! I am so grateful for all the geologists who have participated over the years that we get to revisit, and VERY excited for your new interview project with Gary and Nat the Wonder Boy. And of course Pat, who made it all possible with that amazing flight video. This is going to be epic!
Addicted to Nick. Spent my junior year in high school at Marysville Wa. Took Washington State history from 2 great co-teachers (1968) something never exposed to before or since. Loved as much as your geology presentations.
Love the format, recordings with your face listening in " the cozy fort ", the match maker, you and us,,, I'm hooked!! Loving this, looking forward now, Nick!! Thank you more than you know!!😃✨💞💛
Catching up before the next letter, and I continue to be impressed by your superb teaching skills and the way you organize information to present complicated concepts in a clear, understandable way. Thank you again, Nick!
Nick, I think this is the best organization/presentation approach yet. I haven't even reached the half way point. of this video . Seeing the photos with the labels is extremely helpful. It really helps in understanding what you are talking about and how it fits together.
Im excited for this. This time I want to watch them in order and make it for the lives more often. This is a warm cozy place to come and marvel at this truly magical place we live.
Good morning Nick; ie. colors. Yep, it's all "fluid". Let your peeps (Zentnerds) work their magic raising your production value as a team; they never disappoint.
Nat the Wonderboy is a boss. Can’t wait for the video putting together the plane shots, Gary’s knowledge, and maps. I’m also stoked that so far this Cascades A to Z series is thick with call-backs to open questions from prior series. Way to weave a story arc, Nick! Also excited to see how the Cowen lead to connect Tepper & Shamloo on western melange as possible basement beneath goat rocks pans out. Nick is a geology matchmaker 😂
Great Episode Nick. Watching in replay which allowed me to hit pause and order "Turning to Stone: Discovering the Subtle Wisdom of Rocks". Should be a fun/interesting book. Pondering the basement rocks under the South Cascades is an interesting challenge. So little outcrop to work with. Keep up the good work Nick!
Hi Nick! I had a crystal and mineral show to go to 45 minutes away, so I had to leave at 7:45 this morning. But I am glad I am here and looking forward to learning more about the Cascades.
The discussion of the melange belt reminded me of my encounter with the accretionary wedge material of the Pacific coast range just east of King City CA, consisting of serpentinite, blue schist, jadeite, chromite, even scattered chunks of white limestone suggestive of altered coral reef material.
You should take a bumpy piece of fruitcake, cover it mostly with cocoa powder, except for a few spots, and then put a bunch of chocolate Hersey Kisses on it in a line. Then take a German chocolate cake and layer it over the right edge of the fruit cake. Lastly, take a chocolate lava cake and jam it hard into the left side of the fruit cake. Washington state.
I found this an excellent program, with the lecture and short videos. After finishing I went to a program you did back in April of 2023, (Siletzia Fireworks in the Pacific Northwest) with numerous animations of the plate dynamics discussed in this program. Both presentations helped me put it all together more clearly. Thanks Nick!
“Turning to Scone, reading the pastry” brought to you by Vinman’s Bakery, “You’ve gotta Love it” Sorry Nick, I know you are working HARD on all of this and are pretty tired, keep up the good work.
Wow the idea of the WMB being huge makes a lot of sense! Totally new way to think about it. I'm really curious to see how this relates to Hannah's research, especially with the idea of the Granite Falls pluton being an older archetype of the Goat Rocks situation. So exciting! Loving this format and the throwbacks to the pandemic live streams. Your setup sure has grown since then. Very fun to see the evolution. 😸
Great session! Thanks Nick. It’s been a while since you showed specimen rock samples of the types you mention as being part of the melange. If you have an opportunity, could you show an occasional sample of e.g. gneiss? schist? sandstone? Or perhaps just point to the videos where those are shown and I can refresh my memory with that.
There seems to be a longer delay this series for when the “live” comments are available post session. I don’t see them show up until the next day. A UA-cam thing I suspect.
If zircons are essentially indestructable, aren't you going to find PreCambrian ones in everything except recent evaporites? Fabulous combination of detective work, scenery, and story telling, @Nick. It's all quite spellbinding. I must try to get some kids I know, who just moved to the west of Scotland, hooked on this stuff. I'm sure it would make them feel thrilled at the story under their feet and all around them...
So if you look east of the projected Straight Creek Fault in Oregon, any glimpses we find would be glimpses of the same material underlying the Goat Rocks volcano?
Hey Hannah - CRB and Teanaway feeder dikes rise through crustal rocks (basement) of various types, some of which is well exposed. I imagine basalt plumbing systems aren't that much different than those for andesites or dacites. Any basement-influence lessons to be learned from basalt dikes in Eastern Washington?
Western Melange Belt: Is it called WMB because it is found west of the Straight Creek Fault? Jamie MacDonald's 2019 maps don't seem to indicate a corollary of WMB east of the SCF--he calls it the eastern menage (as opposed to melange) belt. Just trying to connect the dots. Thanks, Nick, for all you do.
Both belts are west of the SCF, at least north of I-90, though the inliers south of there are less neat. The names are relative to each other: the western belt is west of the eastern belt. They are separated by other smaller faults: the eastern belt is a little older, at least in terms of arrival time, more mafic, and has higher grade metamorphic contents -- more gneisses, including some very pretty swirly banded rocks.
@@Steviepinhead Ahhh, that makes sense. It didn't seem right to have a "Western" without an "Eastern." I see that now in the "Western Melange Belt" MacDonald (2019) document. Thank you.
Wonder how much of the batholith is pushing up from below and how much is melting/combining with the mélange belt mixture? Could you melt some of the mélange and see if the chemistry is similar to the Goat rocks...rocks? Still not clear if plutons push up or melt their way up through or some conbination.
I am curious is it accurate to say the basement fruit cake is under the stratus Volcano's? It seem to me the exoctic terrains are to far up the slopes to say only underneath. It looks like the volcano eruptive growth pushes up through and changes the angle of these lower, older layers and must semi mix with the upward moving younger Magmas?
Okay, if Zircons are a micro-zenolith, is the Melange belt a large mass of sandstone with MEGA-zenoliths? That's how I'm visualizing them. And if the magma in the Southern Cascades came up through a melange, which material would be easiest for the magma to pass through (or around or between)? Would the Zircons in the Goat Rocks match up to the Northern Western Melange Belt mega-zenoliths? Let's assume for an example, that the cherts are the easiest to pass the magma up... compare the Zircons in the Goat Rocks with the Zircons in the WMB cherts? If they are a match, I would think it would give support to the theory that the Goat Rocks magmas came up through melange. I wonder if the various Goat Rocks volcanos all have the same mix of Zircons. Man this makes me wish I was a College Geology student in Ellensburg!
@churlburt8485 Student. I'm going for environmental geological sciences. I'll have my 2 year after this quarter. Still trying to figure out a third class to take this winter though
WHAT TECTONIC/STRUCTURAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTED TO EXPOSED BASEMENT IN NORTH VS. COVER IN SOUTH? IE: NORTH UPLIFT/SOUTH SUBSISTENCE? NORTH TRANSPRESSION/SOUTH EXTENSION? THANKS.
Fruitcake - Is the schist deformed (domed) by the strato cones and deeper batholiths or do the young volcanic cones just pile up on top of older foliations?
I did not see the Jaimie MacDonald 2017 paper in the current publication list. I am putting them on a thumb drive, and pausing your videos to do context dives in the papers, and also Wikipedia (e.g. what characterizes an “arkosic sandstone”? Answer: up to 25% plagioclase fragments deposited in a colder, dryer environment that did not weather the pluton derived feldspar to clays)
It's a layered fruitcake, at least in the North. The Nooksack Formation under Mount Baker inspired me to Google. It is a relatively younger unit with older units thrust on top of it, then with recent cascade subduction vocalics on top. Is that a "Melange Belt" or "Accretionary Wedge Thrust Belt"? Is it a "Melange" because of later extensional faulting (i.e. the blender), not earlier compressional orogenic thrusting? Aren't those forces in different directions?
Now I think I get it. It's a melange because it was hydrothermally metamorphosed, not because of tectonic accretion. A 11 year old video by Paul Thomas Hunt describes the process in melange belts in Oregon Does the cascade basement contain serpentinzed foliation and if so, what direction is the serpentinization? The timing might tell the history of subduction getting turned off and on again along the coast (by Siletzia?). The North Cascades basement at Mt Baker could be similar source rocks, but not metamorphosed ua-cam.com/video/IrAr-AvfvW8/v-deo.html
Maybe use color codes from electronics, Black, Brown, Red,Orange,Yellow, Green,Blue, Violet,Gray, which represents the numbers from 1 (brn) to 8 (gray), which was taken from the rainbow,
If both sides of the Straight Creek fault moved North, then your “mistake” statement that the Goat Rocks formed in Oregon was indeed correct; which is why I asked my question about the character of the SC fault’s movements.
If you have any intrest in gold mining may i sugest" hardrock university" on you tube. Each monday night at 6 pm mountian time keith bowen and 20 people or so talk about mining and some related things
Just got home from a 20 hour work shift at 11:30 am, 750 miles driven. Been up over 30 hours and before I crash for 14 hours or so, I am watching episode B. Gotta have priorities. Thanks for all you do for us Nick! Like manna from heaven...
Nick, I look forward to hopefully someday in the not to distant future, to meet you, shake your hand, give you a huge ass hug and maybe be able to hang out in your area and set in to some of your classes after I officially retire and live in a van down by the river out by you somewhere. Central Wisco kinda boring but I live in a very awesome area for glacial geology and if you look far enough in central 'Wisconsin there are some really awesome old rocks here in our basement geology in my backyard (so to speak) from several episodes of terrane accretion and mountain building and volcanism. You are the best Nick, your vids helped me through a dark time in my family life. Thank you man, I love you
Like manna.
Hi Nick, from Boulder, Colorado. Checking in. I've been here before, during COVID-19 and have seen quite a few of your letters. I'm a big fan. I'm 72 years old, a retired engineer, named Kurt. I live with chronic pain from a degenative spine condition. I've found a brilliant surgeon, who will revise my spine early next year. Big surgeries but I have no intention of leaving this precious world. I have stories to tell, people to help, work to do.
Thanks for what you do is important too, along with Hanna and others.
Future kurt here. The schedule will change, everything is gonna be alright. God bless us all, and He does, you Fruitcake, you! Love ya, man. 🇺🇲🧙🏽♂️
The new format is really beginning to gel, and is great! I am so grateful for all the geologists who have participated over the years that we get to revisit, and VERY excited for your new interview project with Gary and Nat the Wonder Boy. And of course Pat, who made it all possible with that amazing flight video. This is going to be epic!
Donna 😊Oakland CA l
Backcounty Gary Paul's marked up photographs are so damn amazing and so incredibly helpful for me! Thank you Gary Paul and thank you Nick once again!
Addicted to Nick. Spent my junior year in high school at Marysville Wa. Took Washington State history from 2 great co-teachers (1968) something never exposed to before or since. Loved as much as your geology presentations.
Love the format, recordings with your face listening in " the cozy fort ", the match maker, you and us,,, I'm hooked!! Loving this, looking forward now, Nick!! Thank you more than you know!!😃✨💞💛
You keep me sane and engaged, thank you Nick!
Catching up before the next letter, and I continue to be impressed by your superb teaching skills and the way you organize information to present complicated concepts in a clear, understandable way. Thank you again, Nick!
Nick, I think this is the best organization/presentation approach yet. I haven't even reached the half way point. of this video . Seeing the photos with the labels is extremely helpful. It really helps in understanding what you are talking about and how it fits together.
Im excited for this. This time I want to watch them in order and make it for the lives more often.
This is a warm cozy place to come and marvel at this truly magical place we live.
I like the callbacks to the previous series. They prompt my memory so that I'm prepared for new information.
Watching in replay! Loving it!
The only guy on the net that gives a date stamp openly.
Thankyou.
Good morning Nick; ie. colors. Yep, it's all "fluid". Let your peeps (Zentnerds) work their magic raising your production value as a team; they never disappoint.
Nat the Wonderboy is a boss. Can’t wait for the video putting together the plane shots, Gary’s knowledge, and maps.
I’m also stoked that so far this Cascades A to Z series is thick with call-backs to open questions from prior series. Way to weave a story arc, Nick!
Also excited to see how the Cowen lead to connect Tepper & Shamloo on western melange as possible basement beneath goat rocks pans out. Nick is a geology matchmaker 😂
Great Episode Nick. Watching in replay which allowed me to hit pause and order "Turning to Stone: Discovering the Subtle Wisdom of Rocks". Should be a fun/interesting book.
Pondering the basement rocks under the South Cascades is an interesting challenge. So little outcrop to work with. Keep up the good work Nick!
Always look forward to A-Z lectures.
Rewatching, rereading the early episodes to prepare for the restart.
Hi Nick! I had a crystal and mineral show to go to 45 minutes away, so I had to leave at 7:45 this morning. But I am glad I am here and looking forward to learning more about the Cascades.
The discussion of the melange belt reminded me of my encounter with the accretionary wedge material of the Pacific coast range just east of King City CA, consisting of serpentinite, blue schist, jadeite, chromite, even scattered chunks of white limestone suggestive of altered coral reef material.
Nice video. I love the callbacks. They both remind but also tie in that information to new information now.
You should take a bumpy piece of fruitcake, cover it mostly with cocoa powder, except for a few spots, and then put a bunch of chocolate Hersey Kisses on it in a line. Then take a German chocolate cake and layer it over the right edge of the fruit cake. Lastly, take a chocolate lava cake and jam it hard into the left side of the fruit cake. Washington state.
I love this so much man this is funny and delicious
send us a video of making it. I apperciate your in depth knowledge.
I'm hungry!
Thank you Nick. You've given so much through the years. Forever grateful. Love you too.
Can't always make your Livestream, but I am grateful I can view them. Love this stuff🎉🎉🎉
What a good graphic, Mark. We are lucky to have you.
Nick, I am impressed that you have an alarm clock!
I found this an excellent program, with the lecture and short videos. After finishing I went to a program you did back in April of 2023, (Siletzia Fireworks in the Pacific Northwest) with numerous animations of the plate dynamics discussed in this program. Both presentations helped me put it all together more clearly. Thanks Nick!
Having to watch in replay... I got back from the movies after midnight... enjoying sleeping in...
Thank you Nick, great class❤
Nice seeing references back to the exotic terrains and Baja BC series.
Your very naturally inspiring, at least to me .
“Turning to Scone, reading the pastry” brought to you by Vinman’s Bakery, “You’ve gotta Love it”
Sorry Nick, I know you are working HARD on all of this and are pretty tired, keep up the good work.
Love this angle Mr. Zetner!! The visuals help me. It was worth it!
Very exciting. Spectacular photos
Wow the idea of the WMB being huge makes a lot of sense! Totally new way to think about it. I'm really curious to see how this relates to Hannah's research, especially with the idea of the Granite Falls pluton being an older archetype of the Goat Rocks situation. So exciting!
Loving this format and the throwbacks to the pandemic live streams. Your setup sure has grown since then. Very fun to see the evolution. 😸
And please tell Bijou my cat says hi. 😹
That ode to the lost hammer sculpture is great! Ah, nostalgia.
Thanks nick
Will be on the replay crew...Seeing this thing to Zed
Great content love the format many thanks.
Thanks!
Watched 2ce to make sure I got it all. Amazing ty!
Good as always, sir.
Great session! Thanks Nick. It’s been a while since you showed specimen rock samples of the types you mention as being part of the melange. If you have an opportunity, could you show an occasional sample of e.g. gneiss? schist? sandstone? Or perhaps just point to the videos where those are shown and I can refresh my memory with that.
Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!
30:20 The imitation of Mr. Pedantic is fantastic
There seems to be a longer delay this series for when the “live” comments are available post session. I don’t see them show up until the next day. A UA-cam thing I suspect.
If zircons are essentially indestructable, aren't you going to find PreCambrian ones in everything except recent evaporites?
Fabulous combination of detective work, scenery, and story telling, @Nick. It's all quite spellbinding. I must try to get some kids I know, who just moved to the west of Scotland, hooked on this stuff. I'm sure it would make them feel thrilled at the story under their feet and all around them...
So if you look east of the projected Straight Creek Fault in Oregon, any glimpses we find would be glimpses of the same material underlying the Goat Rocks volcano?
Hey Hannah - CRB and Teanaway feeder dikes rise through crustal rocks (basement) of various types, some of which is well exposed. I imagine basalt plumbing systems aren't that much different than those for andesites or dacites. Any basement-influence lessons to be learned from basalt dikes in Eastern Washington?
Skye, is my basalt outcropping a basalt dike? Thxs, X
@@churlburt8485 Probably not. If you see horizontal columns that look like cord wood and chilled margins, then maybe. Most likely regular basalt.
7:46 sunday you just posted four hours ago! So i would have to of been up at 3:40 to watch you! I can still watch replay!
Pizza boxes - Do San Juan Island-style thrust nappes involving melange continue to the south?
All your live shows are while I am sleeping i work nights
I remember that board and the Nick's face split down the nose!
I’m here reviewing A through C before the classes resume on Thursday December 12 at noon. See you there!
Has DNR or USBR done drill tests at Bumping, Rimrock, or Kachlees lake to do underlying rock layers? Modern lakes would require such testing.
Hey shoutout to Mark from Missouri nice job
I moved to Hamilton Montana and look at the pizza boxes all around me😅
Please interview Joe Dragovich.
Western Melange Belt: Is it called WMB because it is found west of the Straight Creek Fault? Jamie MacDonald's 2019 maps don't seem to indicate a corollary of WMB east of the SCF--he calls it the eastern menage (as opposed to melange) belt. Just trying to connect the dots. Thanks, Nick, for all you do.
Both belts are west of the SCF, at least north of I-90, though the inliers south of there are less neat. The names are relative to each other: the western belt is west of the eastern belt. They are separated by other smaller faults: the eastern belt is a little older, at least in terms of arrival time, more mafic, and has higher grade metamorphic contents -- more gneisses, including some very pretty swirly banded rocks.
@@Steviepinhead Ahhh, that makes sense. It didn't seem right to have a "Western" without an "Eastern." I see that now in the "Western Melange Belt" MacDonald (2019) document. Thank you.
@@PhilTaska Sometimes, even with big brained scientists🤣, the simplest explanation is the best...
Wonder how much of the batholith is pushing up from below and how much is melting/combining with the mélange belt mixture? Could you melt some of the mélange and see if the chemistry is similar to the Goat rocks...rocks? Still not clear if plutons push up or melt their way up through or some conbination.
I am curious is it accurate to say the basement fruit cake is under the stratus Volcano's? It seem to me the exoctic terrains are to far up the slopes to say only underneath. It looks like the volcano eruptive growth pushes up through and changes the angle of these lower, older layers and must semi mix with the upward moving younger Magmas?
Okay, if Zircons are a micro-zenolith, is the Melange belt a large mass of sandstone with MEGA-zenoliths? That's how I'm visualizing them. And if the magma in the Southern Cascades came up through a melange, which material would be easiest for the magma to pass through (or around or between)? Would the Zircons in the Goat Rocks match up to the Northern Western Melange Belt mega-zenoliths? Let's assume for an example, that the cherts are the easiest to pass the magma up... compare the Zircons in the Goat Rocks with the Zircons in the WMB cherts? If they are a match, I would think it would give support to the theory that the Goat Rocks magmas came up through melange.
I wonder if the various Goat Rocks volcanos all have the same mix of Zircons. Man this makes me wish I was a College Geology student in Ellensburg!
I'll be there in a little less than 2 months=D
road trip to Wa state?
@churlburt8485 I'll be transferring to the university in Ellensberg
@@zechariah22 student or sraff?
@churlburt8485 Student. I'm going for environmental geological sciences. I'll have my 2 year after this quarter. Still trying to figure out a third class to take this winter though
WHAT TECTONIC/STRUCTURAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTED TO EXPOSED BASEMENT IN NORTH VS. COVER IN SOUTH? IE: NORTH UPLIFT/SOUTH SUBSISTENCE? NORTH TRANSPRESSION/SOUTH EXTENSION? THANKS.
Fruitcake - Is the schist deformed (domed) by the strato cones and deeper batholiths or do the young volcanic cones just pile up on top of older foliations?
I did not see the Jaimie MacDonald 2017 paper in the current publication list. I am putting them on a thumb drive, and pausing your videos to do context dives in the papers, and also Wikipedia (e.g. what characterizes an “arkosic sandstone”? Answer: up to 25% plagioclase fragments deposited in a colder, dryer environment that did not weather the pluton derived feldspar to clays)
It's a layered fruitcake, at least in the North. The Nooksack Formation under Mount Baker inspired me to Google. It is a relatively younger unit with older units thrust on top of it, then with recent cascade subduction vocalics on top. Is that a "Melange Belt" or "Accretionary Wedge Thrust Belt"?
Is it a "Melange" because of later extensional faulting (i.e. the blender), not earlier compressional orogenic thrusting? Aren't those forces in different directions?
Now I think I get it. It's a melange because it was hydrothermally metamorphosed, not because of tectonic accretion. A 11 year old video by Paul Thomas Hunt describes the process in melange belts in Oregon
Does the cascade basement contain serpentinzed foliation and if so, what direction is the serpentinization? The timing might tell the history of subduction getting turned off and on again along the coast (by Siletzia?). The North Cascades basement at Mt Baker could be similar source rocks, but not metamorphosed
ua-cam.com/video/IrAr-AvfvW8/v-deo.html
Maybe use color codes from electronics, Black, Brown, Red,Orange,Yellow, Green,Blue, Violet,Gray, which represents the numbers from 1 (brn) to 8 (gray), which was taken from the rainbow,
Out here on the West Coast of Washington State
Are you saying that the "melange" or "grello" is the Cache Creek exotic terrane?
If both sides of the Straight Creek fault moved North, then your “mistake” statement that the Goat Rocks formed in Oregon was indeed correct; which is why I asked my question about the character of the SC fault’s movements.
I moved to Montana because I LOVE GEOLOGY. now I'm looking for a adult ed geology course or club.
If you have any intrest in gold mining may i sugest" hardrock university" on you tube. Each monday night at 6 pm mountian time keith bowen and 20 people or so talk about mining and some related things
Morning nick. Tupac mountain se bumping lake 800 to 1000 ft high cinder cone with small cone Jim like hearing you. Wrangell alaska
Tumac mountain
Hello, late, from Portugal
Please may we have chat replay?
Epic + Hair = Hairpic?
The Cascades are our great pyramids and we Egyptians of the PNW
Icing on fruitcake... hour and three quarters video...