Excretion In Animals | Nature Of Excretory Products In Relation To Habitats | Class 12

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About This Video ........................
In This Video Lecture You Will Learn Basic Concept Of Excretion In Animals
Modes of Excretion
Based on the excretory product, five modes of excretion are known in animals. They are:
Ammonotelism (Type of excretion- ammonia)
Ureotelism (Type of excretion - urea)
Uricotelism (Type of excretion - uric acid)
Aminotelism (Type of excretion - amino acids)
Guanotelism (Type of excretion - guanine)
Ammonotelism
The process of eliminating ammonia from the body is known as ammonotelism, and the organisms which exhibit this nature are called ammonotelic. Most fish, protozoans, echinoderms, poriferans and crustaceans fall into this category. Aquatic animals excrete ammonia directly into the environment; where the compound is quickly diluted. It is also very toxic to tissues.
Ureotelism
In some mammals and amphibians, urea is excreted as the metabolic waste products. Such organisms are called ureotelic. In these organisms, ammonia that is produced is converted to urea in the liver of animals and is released back into the blood. The kidneys filter the urea and are expelled outside the body. Some of the urea is retained in the matrix of the kidney to maintain a desired osmolarity in the organisms. Humans are ureotelic as we expel the urea through urine. Moreover, urea is comparatively less toxic than ammonia.
Uricotelism
Uricotelic animals remove nitrogenous wastes as uric acid in the form of pellets or paste. Metabolically, this process is quite costly; however, the water loss is minimal, and it is the least toxic. Moreover, since uric acid is not readily soluble in water, the excrements form pasty white suspensions. Most reptiles, birds, and insects are classified as uricotelics.
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1.Creatine
2.creatinine
3.TMAO(trimethylamine oxide)
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