Build a Power MOSFET H-Bridge for Arduino, PIC
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- Опубліковано 8 лис 2014
- Note disregard the schematic at 7min 25 sec.
Go by the schematics here.
www.bristolwatch.com/ele/h_bri...
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Good bless you Mr. Lewis for all these educating videos! Learning a lot from them!
nice video, straight to the point.That exactly what i wanted to know before entering the exam. Thanks an i'll check your other videos and i hope they are as good as this one.
Great video. I was not sure how to use the 5V arduino to control a H bridge with Vin > 5V. This one solved my problem!
Hello Sir.
Thank you for sharing your projects, your knowledge, your experience.
Great video! Got it working with my arduino... As a side note, I did a sine modulation with the arduino so I could get a better output with less harmonics...
Thank you so much for your tutorials!
Please keep making them :).
Thank you sir! Awesome content! Looking forward for more!
Thank you so much! Great video! This is helping me so much with my project (arduino robot). Thanks again!
Nice vid. I learnt a bunch. :)
Great tutorial.. Very well made.. Thank you...
Thank you so much for this.. Best tutorial on H bridge's I Have seen so far.. I just learned of H bridges.. Ya, I know.. REALLY!!!!!! I am building a coil engine and have an arduino using Halleffect sensors to pick up the magnet on the fly wheel of the engine. I have a magnet on an aluminum shaft connected where the piston used to be. I built a pivot on my lathe that connects to the crank shaft and connects that shaft with a magnet on it together. I have guides that keep the shaft from tilting. above and below the magnet are power coils. The magnetic fields will face towards the magnets on the aluminum shaft. so depending on polarity from the circuit I can have 2 NORTH fields facing each other or 2 SOUTH fields facing each other. pushing and pulling the magnet at the same time. Been looking for a way to swap the field polarity without frying a circuit.. I am using HIGH amp coils. They can handle alot of amps. They are not wire coils. So I am looking for an H bridge design that can handle upwards of 300 amps.. So far the best mosfet's I have found can handle up to 280 amps. Thinking of getting them and making an H bridge with them. Using my arduino mega to control the upstroke and down stroke timing with the Hallsensors. I have my program made up with the RPM and timing and LCD display with my Voltage outputs of my pot(throttle) all set.. the engine.. Just an H bridge is all I need. There is a great deal more to my motor, but no one wants to hear the every detail. I am going to use this tutorial to make that H Bride.. You are a world of help.. I wouldn't mind your help if possible. If not thanks for the tutorial and keep up the help..
Sean
Just saw this excellent video. Thank you.
Very well presented, thank you.
Thanks. I enjoyed your video. It's appreciated.
Very good content sir. God bless you sir
PERFECT CLEAR VIDEO
Lewis ...,Great tutorial....great attention to detail and just the right info..
Thank you - I have more coming.
Keep it coming...:)
Very good explanations .Thanks a lot
Good videos man. Great to hear clear good quality audio on them too!
I have lots more to tinker around with thanks to you!!!
Why is your site call bristol watch?
What is bristol and why are you watching it?
That's a fun story. The original site was designed to play watchdog on Bristol VA/TN city governments and the electronics at the time was mixed in. I separated the two. This is the political website:
www.sullivan-county.com/index.htm.
very nice explanation
At 7:28 "another variation" From datasheet Vgs threshold is between 2 and 4 Volts; when the collector of Q5 (same for Q6) is in a range around half of the 12V voltage (like between 4 V and 12-4 = 8V) both Q1 and Q2 (same for Q3 and Q4) are ON, shorting the +12V to ground. Depending on the values of the gate resistors this would happen at least for a very short time during transitions from high to low and high to low (with the "right" resistor values it could happen all the time for a certain input level). When you connect gates together for complementary MOSFET transistors usually you connect sources together not drains. Doing that would limit the output range so not a solution in this case. Instead of connecting gates together, 2 resistors from gate Q1 to collector Q5 and from collector Q6 to gate Q2 would keep Q1 and Q2 being ON at the same time. Schematic as it is at 7:28 with drains together would be an acceptable design for supply voltages equal or less than |Q1 Vgs| + |Q2 Vgs| = 4 to 8 V (depending on actual transistors values) assuming that matches the voltage required for the motor, instead of 12V. Also at 11:09, if Q7 has a max Vce well above 24V, a well-calculated resistor (for example 2 times Rgs) could be an alternative solution instead of D1.
You are teaching me electronics!
Thanks, very thorough.
Hello Lewis. Well, the H-bridge seems to be part of my solution to use in a Newman or Bedini motor/generator? Do you know where I can find a micro-controller controlled transistor/mosfet circuit for a Newman Motor? I want to control the duty cycle, frequency and pulse width with the micro-controller. I would also want to 'harvest' the back EMF from my driver coil into a capacitor bank to charge the secondary/charge battery ..... or am I asking too much?
Very well explained.
Hi Lewis, any reason for Q5 and Q6 to use BJT instead of MOSFET? Thanks
Great video!! Thank you! Excellent to control a motor via Arduino with also bluetooth module for IoT application. Is there any compact H brige integrated circuit made from ST, NXP etc that you would recommend?
Sorry to bump this but this is exactly what I was looking for as an alternative to TIP transistors. To be clear though the difference between the 7:25 time stamp and the web page schematic is the bleed off resistors on Q1 and Q3?
It is just an excellent tutorial on MOSFET switching. Many thanks.... Just a little issue on my head, at 11:40 shouldn't the Vcc on the right circuit be +24 V just like the one on the left?
And also one more question, why your Ib and Ic currents are shown in reverse directions? Or at least, to me, it looks like reverse. I would say Ib should be pointing towards the base for an npn transistor.
Thank you sir. You are awesome God bless you sir
This is what i needed. I want to make tank chasis style robot And I want to use 24v drill as motor for my chasis. It should work great.
very well explained
Now I understand better ... thank you ...
Great!! Thanks!!
I would like to learn more about mosfets and drivers using Arduino or pic with PWM or SPWM!
Great video
hii--- i want to simulate this full bridge mosfet drive with the help of a3921
please tell me which software is required for simulation
One more thing sir about the speed control nd the arduino schematics thank you sir
thanks for that circuit examples, i think i got it know ... will see how quick it wil rust ^^
thanks a lot!!! great job
Good day ,great explanation . bit new at this and need help on a bit of a challenge . i have a starter motor 12 volt 100 amp . will it be possible to run this DC motor on this circuit and what components will i need to run this motor on PWM . I know this sounds like a strange setup but i need the torque for my application and also need to reduce the speed also need to change direction as well .a person could probably buy something readily made up but i want to learn from this so any help will do
kind regards
Wayne wilson
Good video well explained
thanks for teaching
great tutorial. thanks.
I have really loved the videos seen so far. I love your circuits and you explaining them. Many youtube videos are project based which is good, but it can be hard to grasp the intricacies of the circuit. There were a couple of things I noted in other videos was that a resistor was used between the microcontroller and gate to slow down the activation/charging of the gate source capacitor which with the required activation charge would cause a current greater than the microcontroller could supply. Was that just because of the N channel mosfet selected (Think it was IRFZ44NP)? Your video ua-cam.com/video/IjgvKJrAOS4/v-deo.html did not include resistor between microcontroller and mosfet,though did for bjt pre p channel mosfet.
At was power )drain source) do you have to consider a heatsink, and how big should it be? I am sorry if these are already mentioned in other videos.
I just have to say that you do an extraordinary job of making it simple. May I suggest however that instead of zener diodes to protect the gate just used a resistor that will proportionally divide the voltage down with the bleed off resistor. Much cheaper.
that's what I thought too,
Cheaper you say, but a diode is much more effective and not exactly too expensive compared to a resistor
Dear Sir,
I am planning to use IRF4905 and IRL2505 to run a (brush) DC motor of 12V and 10 Amp. The questions are as follows:
1. Do I need additional diode? ( although both model have internal diode)
2. You quote that voltage at B of 2N2222 is 0.6V. Is it VBE(sat) ?
3.Do we really need (polarized) capacitor as shown in High - Side MOSFET Switch (11:46) and what is the capacity?
That's exactly what I'm looking for
My Motor draws current of 5Amp? Is this circuit fine for the job?
you are the best thanks
Why not use 5v gate mosfets instead of high voltage P channel? The NDP6020P for instance.
Thank you very much
I liked this video, it was a great help.
Whilst it might not be a huge priority for you, the whistle from the microphone in the background was a little unnerving;
But the video was great, the content was great,
and you have a new subscriber
IntegralMoon Sorry about that I'll be more careful of that problem.
Lewis Loflin Why would you be sorry :) This video was great! Thank-you so much again!
I did have some sound problems but I've fixed that on other videos.
Muy buen aporte.Saludo
can i use 4 irfz44n in the 2 entries circuit?
there 1 big problem though
how do you activate an h bridge if the arduino supply 5v signal when yoo want 12v or more togo through dem mosfet
that the only thing i am missing in diy ing my own h bridge
Hello Sir. what value do resistors have?
If I use logic level P-channel and N-channel MOSFETs could I disregard the transistor used? I'm designing an H-bridge to drive a transformer.
+Proto G The P-channel is being switched to ground to turn on not apply a voltage. So you need to be aware the voltage on the gates id Vcc.
+Lewis Loflin Hey Lewis, would this setup with 4 Logic-Level N-Channel MOSFETs work with 5V? i.imgur.com/IDAOg7M.png
It would take so much reworking if it worked I really don't know.
Dear Mr. Lewis. I would like to make one of this to control a EM-257, nema 17, bipolar stepper motor that has a 0,7A nominal current and 7 V nominal voltage. This were removed from a Epson inkjet printer that uses IC`s that work with their 42V power supply. I connected the motors to a L239D module with 12V and the torque I get is probably enough, however I need to make another H bridge (as yours) because the L239D module max current is only 0,6A. Another option is to use a L293N module but I prefer to make one of yours to learn a bit more and to use recycled components. The problem I face is that I read everywhere of the necessity to control the current that goes to the motor, which is something I don't know how to do with a circuit like yours. Controlling the PWM signal is not really an option as the arduino controls that using the appropiate libraries (you just tell him what are the steps per revolution and the speed you want to achieve). Not using those libraries will be just too complicated coding for me. Pololu drivers come with a potentiometer, however I think the 4 pololu drivers I have come from one of the so many failed batches that are around in the market! Many thanks. Best Regards. Marcelo
Which MOSFET is used sir?
Thank you for the clear video. Do you recommend to implement it using transistors on my pcb or use of the shelf solution? What would you suggest for up to 20V motors?
I would use an off-the-shelf solution.
@@LewisLoflin I currently use L293D on my PCB. is that the right one for 20V DC motor? Somehow it is old, yet I didn't find something else.
thanks bro
Quick question : why do you reverse the current direction in your schematics (Ib, Ic, Ids) ?
The actual current flow is negative to positive - electrons are the only free moving charges in a solid. That is how I was taught in the army.
But everyone uses positive flow anyway. I went over to positive later on because that is what they use.
Thank you.
Sorry sir I'm repairing this kids electric car 12v DC in a control circuit like this one of the p Chanel MOSFET shorted no.hy19p03 what number can I use as equivalent of this cause I don't find this hy19p03
Thanks for your clear videos. I have IRF630N, but in general how to tell if Vgs is high enough to reduce Rds? Can we switch the 2n2222 to switch the 12V onto the gate of the MOSFET, to get higher effective Vgs and thus lower Rds??? Also, wouldn't such a buffer be needed for fast switching and minimizing losses during i.e. PWM? Thanks again!
If you are using 3.3V with and IRF630N it will not work. It switches on at 5V but not fully.
See this test page on MOSFETs:
www.bristolwatch.com/ele3/mosfet_test.htm
There are a ton of updated circuits on this issue.
Thanks for the super class of mosfet ..! I've made an H-bridge with mosfet Channel P ... and N-channel ... just like what you teach in the video. However, I have a Proteus simulation problem when I replace the Logic state Imput with a 5 volt imput from an Lm7805. Would you know how to do this? Thank you. Great class. Congratulations!
I don't use simulation I build the actual circuit. I don't know what a 7805 input has to do with this. Thanks.
Thank you for the video. Does the H-Bridge also work with 4 n-channel Mosfets?
Not with this design. The circuit is more complicated.
I have 9 phase driver circuit that I have built, complimentary mosfet arrangement. Since it has 9 phase total 9+9 = 18 mosfets, I need 18 signal output on my micro controller. But I don`t have that much! Other ( which I am working on) option, switching complimentary series with single pin. So I need to switch one pair(P-N) complimentary series one of them at once with single pin at High N-type, at low, P-Type. Since P-N type mosfets obvious problem when connecting their gates and expect them to switch on once at low and high signal, both of them switched and cause short! Because it is very clear that P type works with Low signal, N type works with High signal, while connecting their gates it causes both mosfets switch on condition with even no signal need! So I need to find a way to work with single pin with no short and fast switching in action. So what is your recommendation?
Other problem also, Pull down and up resistors! Since mosfet gate charging like capacitors, when connecting the resistors not right value, they do create different on-off duty cycle with rise and fall action. I need sharp switching so I gave up pull down resistor instead use pull down switching opto-coupler or transistor to use it when high signal, same value resistor on gate and low value the same. But to many components over crowded board also unwanted. I need a better suggestion also for that. My N type mosfet "DMTH6004SCTB
" P type mosfet "SUM110P06-07L" thanks in advance.
How would you make this work with 3 signals to be able to "coast" and also "brake" the motor? This example the motor brakes when its not being run forward or reverse.
See above.
Yeah that is how I have everything wired up currently, works great but there is no mode to put the motor into "coast" where its free running? Putting both signals high, or low, results in the motor connecting to itself in "brake" mode right? I need a 3 wire or something to open up all 4 transistors. I don't have enough space with my current project to use 4 individual control lines. I've tried some small motor driver IC packages that use 3 wires to control (FWD, REV, ENABLE) , but they were not enough amps. Not sure how to wire up the same features in my own.
The diagram on that type uses two lines to control the H-bridge.
How do you wire it up to use 3 lines of control for FWD, REV, ENABLE? Or how do you make the motor go into "coast" mode with 2 wire setup instead of brake?
Thank, goog teacher !!
Hey Lewis, Could you post a link to you Schematics.I cant find it in the link provided in the description.
The links to all these videos, schematics, etc. is at:
www.bristolwatch.com/ele/h_bridge.htm
Excellent!! ;) thank you!!!!
Mide Sabic Thank you.
Please take a look at 7:29. Node A connected to the 2 MOSFET is located between 2 resistors each of 10K. This is a voltage divider between 12V to ground, so you don't get 12V, at node A, but 6V, when the transistor Q5 is off! Please take a look if I am correct.
This was already mentioned below but here it is again.
Note disregard the schematic at 7min 25 sec. Go by the schematics here.
www.bristolwatch.com/ele/h_bridge.htm
wouldnt the 2 resistors on each side form a voltage divider , putting both gates at half the voltage of the rails (6v)? which means they will be both turned on at the same time when the input to the npn is low? (the gate of Q2 pulled low by 6v, the gate of Q1 pulled high by 6 v)
+michel michel No. MOSFET gates are non-conductive. They operate by voltage not current.
Nice tutorial. One error though regarding 7:30:
If you use the same value for Gate-Source resistors, 10kohm for example, when the bipolar transistors are off (Low and Low), then the gate-source voltage of all transistors will be 1/2 of the Vcc which in this case is 6V, which means all MOSFETs will be in a low impedance state, i.e. shorting Vcc to ground.
I would remove the resistors between collector and emitter of the bipolar transistor (gate-source resistors for Q1 and Q3) for this to work.
It's a shoot-through situation, the schematic of the video has indeed a problem, it's been superseded by a better one in the video description.
@@speedsterh Damn, Wish I read the comments before I got PCB's printed... haha, I had it as per the website too, but changed it after watching this vid. should be fine to just leave that resistor out though, right?
@@madaxe79Damn, Wish would do the same :D Printed my PCB and was fighting with cirquit whole day.
Thanks.
sir. for mosfet h bridge motor. do i need to put a diode on a motor itself?
The diodes while not shown are built into the MOSFETs. A low-value noise capacitor can go across the motor. Say 0.10 uF.
i have to ask, on your last diagram you have a n channel mosfet with 2 transistors? what type of transistor? nd you end up with 2 outputs so my question is why turn on tho transistors? if i can just connects the arduino inputs pin to the outputs of each gate of this four mosfet's?
and in regards to the mosfet are this all the same types or we have 2 of each? (p & n channel?)
like your videos keep em coming!
Frank Lopez Hello Frank. The NPN transistors are used to protect the 5-volt logic from the higher voltage H-bridge.
Lewis Loflin thanks sir, understand, i did leave another question for another of your videos , i will appreciated if you took time for that particular question on the other video
is there a protection against back EMF in this circuit, or are additional diodes necessary for that?
The diodes are built into the MOSFETs are not shown.
I made the circuit on your webpage (www.bristolwatch.com/ele/h_bridge.htm) today, and it did not work. I built the circuit in figure 2 using two IRF530s and two IRF9530s. Once I gave the BJT a high signal, the FETs started heating up with no load, telling me that they were both in the 'on' state and shoot through was occurring. Even bringing the signal on the BJT back down to ground did not allow the N channel FETs to turn off... they both stayed on, shoring the power supply. What in that circuit is to ensure the gate on the FETs go to ground and shut off all the way?
what i normally do, is i put a dead time (Resistor, Capacitor, Diode network) before the gate, making 1 FET turn off when the other FET is on. this is to ensure that they don't turn ON at the same time. MOSFET are fast switch compare to a BJT.
The presentation and explanation is very nice but if you will try the circuit which has only two inputs it will blow your MOSFETS, because if you did not realize the PChannel MOSFETS are always connected to the ground( always on the ON state ) through the bleeder resistors of the N Channel MOSFETS...
Excellent video demonstration Mr. Loflin! Could you please let me know if I would be correct in assuming that replacing the motor with the secondary winding of a transformer that we now have a step up DC to AC inverter? And If so, would some type of diode be used as a spike or fly-back suppression?
+Cameron MacDonald These MOSFETs already have built in diodes. Check the ones you use.
+Lewis Loflin Yes you are quite correct of course...Thank you for that, but would the circuit function as a DC to AC inverter if a transformer (with no center-tap) was used in place of the motor - provided an oscillator was connected to INPA & INPB?
I don't really know.
+Cameron MacDonald It would work, I did the circuit with the optocouplers connected to a 555 timer in astable mode to provide the square wave generator. Just make sure to use a transistor before one of the optocouplers so they're not "on" at the same time.
Thanks.
Nice
Very nice!.. Could I use Pwm in this h bride ?.
yes thats how you turn it on using microcontroller.
Great work sir. I tried it, i used irf 9540 (100v -18A) to replace irf9630.
i Got problem when i connected this H-Bridge (your design) with 11.1V (3cells) Li-Po battery. P-Mosfet getting hot when switch on, but when i conmected to adaptor 12V, irf temperature keep cool.
+Ahmad Zambarkah The voltage wasn't high enough to fully switch on the MOSFET.
Hi.
I really enjoy your videos, and I have learnt alot. I am an Electric engineer with some limited knowledge of ICs, soldering and arduino.
I found your channel while searching for a Wayne to control a 12v Dc / 55A motor. It is used in a boat and driving a cooling water pump. Do you have any suggestion for such a circuit?
I assume the pump is one direction. You will need a larger switch. See ua-cam.com/video/AOf-i2vLd2o/v-deo.html
@@LewisLoflin you are right. Thanks for the quick responce. Feel free to cash in a trip in the power boat (65knots) next time in southern Norway😀
Can you explain us a little about the cross conduction of the circuit after 7min 25 sec?
Thank you!
There is no conduction - both sides of the motor are switched to ground.
I am Building this night now.., and i was wondering if i could use IRF620 and IRF9620 instead of IRF630 and 9630...?.
Is it ok to Use IRF620 with IRF9630..?
should be fine - it's not that critical. Just be aware of Vgs and that 5V will trip one the two N-channels.
Excellent my friend, amazing explained, only that be great the video was be able in spanish or with subtitles :) but is very easy to understand thanks to you.
Marco Vargas I wish because we have so many Spanish speakers.
Lewis Loflin :)
Lewis Loflin count me in
cuenta conmigo
Can these drivers be used with PWM inputs instead of constant voltage?
Martin L I believe this depends on the switching speed of the mosfets but generally yes
This circuits was usesing in vcrs' but their are useing transistors.
why we can't use only 4 piece of N Channel MOSFET in this circuit ?
Electrical polarity. An N-channel can't be switched in this circuit on the positive side.
It's the same circuit for 24v?? Or I need to change something?
This is for 12 volts because the the 24V will blow the gates of the mosfets.
Hi i am using Two P channel mosfet and two N channel mosfet with optocoupler from arduino....my qns
are
1) is it neccessary to put resistor ACross VGS(we have put it)
2) whenever i connected the supply of 24 V DC(battery),P channel mosfet gets heated more compared to N channel mosfet,in this even we didn't connected the load(24 PMDC motor),arduino inputs
can i know what is the problem and its solution??
I'm having the same issue. This circuit is plagued with shoot through since the N channel FET does not turn all the way off. I don't know enough to call it a bad circuit, but I certainly couldn't get it to work properly.
If you don't program your controller correctly you will get shoot though. NEVER turn on Q4/Q3 or Q1/Q2 at the same time!
Thanks for the response, Lewis. I used your figure 2 on your website, so I didn't have specific control of each transistor, only control of each half bridge.
Is it possible to make and H-Bridge using pnp mosfet only rather then npn and pnp mosfet.
+Devon Bissoon No don't think so.
Hello! What adjustments should be made to this circuit if the motor load is rated at 50V and 1Amp.
I'll do a video on this to explain it. It is simple.
This video answers your question. ua-cam.com/video/dbwZgP9gIbA/v-deo.html
Thank you so much. Could I potentially use Optocoupler instead of transistors?
Yes as long as the collector-emitter breakdown is high enough.
Just re-watched this and figured I'd add another comment.
The 10k gate-bleed resistors on the N-channel (bottom) MOSFETS are nowhere near as 'important' as the resistors on the P-channel (top) MOSFETS if the N-channel gates are permanently connected to Arduino output pins.
This is because Arduino output pins are true 'totem pole' outputs meaning that the pin is 'effectively' connected to either VCC or GND. Pulling the N-channel gates to GND using the Arduino output will be significantly lower than the 10k bleeder.
(The only point to consider is that when the Arduino initially powers up, all of the pins are INPUTS until the Arduino code sets them to outputs)
For those people building an H-bridge using bipolars (or perhaps MOSFETS that don't have a suitable body diode built in), you can use a bridge rectifier instead of the 4 external diodes - preferably a fairly 'fast' bridge rectifier...
Nothing about shoot through?
I tried this with different semiconductors and it seemed to work all be it some loss in power. When I tried adapting it for both directions it didn't work. Because less power than the motor needed. So I guess it did work. I'm thinking I did something wrong. May I discuss this with you and show you my diagram and what I used. I did end up using a roboclaw. I just can't drop this.
+Timothy Carey Yes my e-mail is lewis@bvu.net
I emailed you regarding my question above. My first e-mail I sent accidentally before I was finished creating it. My e-mail address is tcarey@disabilityvoice.us
Sir how can I connect 4 n-channel power mosfet in order to use them on full bridge inverter using 2 ir2110 and one sg3525 - - - pls help me this is one of my big challenge now
Not with this design. Sorry.