All 9 Baboon & Mandrill Species (World’s Largest Monkeys)
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- Опубліковано 1 чер 2024
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In addition to being the largest monkeys on the planet, the 9 species of baboon and mandrill are also some of the most fascinating. Perhaps their most interesting characteristic is their group structure, either using a One Male Unit/OMU or Multi Male Multi Female Unit/MMU. In this video, we'll cover all 6 species of baboons in the Papio genus, both the drill and mandrill and take a quick look at the beautiful Gelada baboon of Ethiopia.
00:00 Introduction
00:43 Baboon Physical Characteristics
01:55 Baboon Species & Distribution
05:21 Baboon Ecology & Diet
07:47 Baboon Social Structure (OMU vs MMU)
09:32 Baboon Communication & Reproduction
10:49 Gelada Baboon Overview
12:32 Mandrill & Drill
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Creative Commons Attribution
Maps - Bamse, Chermundy & IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, species assessors and the authors of the spatial data
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
All maps are traced from those on Wikipedia and are distributed under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 licence on Wikimedia Commons:
tbtrvl.com/rangemaps
(Please note - I will be uploading all Old World Maps together at the end of this 3-video series)
Media & Attribution
Unless stated above, all still images are used under license from Shutterstock.com. Thank you to everyone who makes their work available for use. Covering all of the wonderful species in these videos would not be possible without your incredible work.
Music
All of the music used in this video is available at Epidemic Sound. If you need music and would like to support the channel, please find a referral link below.
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Sources & Further Reading
Listed below are the sources used to create the video.
There are relatively few sources for this video because these first three websites contain such a wealth of information about each of the individual species covered. They are well worth checking out if you would like to read more about these animals.
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center
primate.wisc.edu/
New England Primate Conservancy
neprimateconservancy.org/
Animal Diversity
animaldiversity.org/
Encyclopaedia Britannica
www.britannica.com/
National Geographic
www.nationalgeographic.com/
IUCN Red List
www.iucnredlist.org/
Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Wor...
Ischial callosities of primates
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/a...
Consortships
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
Baboon menstrual cycle
watermark.silverchair.com/030...
Baboon natal care
www.princeton.edu/~baboon/cra...
Primate group size
www.nature.com/scitable/knowl...
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I am a retired primate keeper whose favorite animal is the baboon and I not only enjoyed this video, I'm very impressed with the presentation. Bravo!
Jay Williams, look at bird bath
Wow, a what fantastic career you must have had, Jay! Glad you enjoyed it, thank you for commenting :)
Hamadryas are kinda brutal, chewing the females ears halfway off as discipline. I do like golden baboons a lot. Bonobos and cross river gorillas are two of my favorite primates. Crested black macaques, Capuchins, wooly monkeys, snub nose monkeys all fascinating as well
Keeper? They should not be caged
But we live in the real world where not all animals are capable of living in the wild. You shouldn't just assume anyone who keeps an animal is cruel and abusive.
@@lennarthagen3638
I was a vet tech at The Animal Medical Center in NYC. We MRI'd a sedated baboon from the Bronx Zoo. His fangs were the length of my finger. I couldn't get over how big he was. He smelled SO bad it took forever to get the smell out after he left. I've been fascinated by them ever since.
What was the bad odor? Feces, urine? sweat? Something else? Was it similar to that of a filthy human or different?
@@DogFoxHybrid As far as i know monkeys tend to have a strong musky odor. I dont know about baboons though.
Your channel is by far the best and most consistent biology education channel I've seen! Decent times between uploads, useful information, great visuals, and just the right balance between detailed and concise. Keep up the good work, and there is no way you won't be at 250k+ subscribers by next September!
Don't forget the nice mellow voice work
Thank you so much, Alex! This is really great feedback, thank you!
Couldn't say that in a better way
I always found this group of monkeys fascinating as they really are different from other monkey groups. Not just their long faces, but also their primarily quadropedal gait. There's even that one video that circled around of a hairless male baboon which made it look like a primate horse IMO
They are also one of the most recent primate groups. It's also why they are starting to take advantage of a trait fairly unique to primates which is having 3 types of cone cells, most mammals have only 2. Having 3 cone cell types mean they can see more colors than most other mammals. The main reason birds tend to be much more colorful than mammals is because birds can see more colors than mammals can, most have 4 cone cell types or even more. Humans have 3 cone cells so most mammals appear drab to us.
Primates though do sometimes take advantage of this, one of the best examples of this is the Orangutan. Their bright orange fur might seem obvious to us but tigers can't see red colors like that. It's also why tigers are orange colored themselves as most of their prey can't see orange either.
I knew baboons and geladas form large groups in their respective open habitats. But I didn't know mandrills do the same in the jungle. 800 mandrills in one place must be quite the spectacle.
The highest number of Mandrills in a group ever recorded was around 2500 individuals.
The drill and mandrill are stunning animals. The mandrill especially has exquisite markings and colors. Why are they so colorful and different?
To make the females mad with lust.
Love your videos! I work for a museum and these videos are a great way to take a deeper dive into the taxonomy and biology of my favorite animals. Keep up the quality work!
Thank you!
I got bitten by a female Chacma baboon while herding our sheep at our farm in Namibia, luckily my dogs were there to save my life or else I would have been dead. Trust me, their bite HURTS worse than dog bites
Awesome video as always. Keep up the great work.
Love these videos, I check at least once a week for a new one
Thanks for the information you gave about biology and animals, I subscribed
Sentence at the end wasn't long enough, but I loved the effort. Outstanding video as always!
4:27 Hamadryas Baboon (Papio Hamadryas)
10:49 Gelada Baboon (Theropithecus Gelada)
12:38 Drill (Mandrillus Leucopheaus)
13:30 Mandrill (Mandrillus Sphinx)
Awesome~ Thank you for sharing this video~👍
Great video! It was startling just how much the male Gelada looked like a male lion with the shape and colour of the mane and the extra hair on the tail.
Not as cute as other monkey's, but they have an imposing presence with their piercing eyes and long snouts, respect. Ps. Fascinating and well presented.
Ever since I was a little kid I've been fascinated by primates, because of their similarity to us, back when I didn't know why, later while still a kid, I also discovered our own evolution, through Time Life books! I subscribed because of how in depth this was!
excellent work 👌
I'm always impressed by the quality of the images you provide, it's a pleasure to watch as always
Thanks, Thomas!
Great video
Fancy pink rumps thanks for a lovely & informative video!
Baboons are my favourite primates by far as I find their build quite extraordinary to look at and the communication that they use with barking and screeching (I also like them cuz I live in Cape Town he he) great vid by the way man keep up the good work!
I, for whatever reason, let you slip out of my YT feed some while back and for that, I am actually sorry - this channel deservers waaay more attention that its already getting ..
However re-finding ya channel have given me a decent binger to watch while suffering from insomnia and given how much I enjoy the content.. ..well lets say I dont mind the insomnia right now =)
Thank you for the great vids dude, cant wait to see more from ya ^^
WAHOO!! The actual noise wasn't included in the video, so everyone should google male baboon bark sound. Loved this one, great to see baboons get some attention.
Awesome to watch this Channel .
the best bro!
Awesome, thanks
Joe Shmoe, look at bird bath
Great channel ❤
Brian Madden, look at bird bath
Wow friend you always bring knowledge videos about wildlife and habitats , keep it up God Bless you
Antriksh Gupta, look at bird bath
@@BirdBath1 wow amazing so many different species of birds at same spot taking bath wonderful 😊
I checked this 4 hours ago, it said this video, was posted 3 hours ago. Why didn’t I see this? Also very good video! Can you also do a superate video based on cervidae (deer) 🦌🦌
ALSO: I meant 2 hours not 4 hours, so don’t call me dumb.
Another excellent video!
I wonder if you can make a video about birds, bats or salamanders next time.
Yes, absolutely, I have a few bird videos in the works and salamanders also look fascinating, thanks for the suggestions!
These are incredible beings. Beautiful
I remember seeing a mandrill in a zoo when I was a kid and man it impressed.
Omg, it’s like Xmas come early, on my fave channel'
Rex, look at bird bath
Beautiful Nice bless
I love these infodumping videos! Can't watch this one because I am terrified of primates! Keep up the great work!
(Please someone tell me I'm not the only one who was made to watch that one animal planet documentary about the chimps that killed and ate their keepers)
6:34 did y’all see that jump man should be on Africa’s got talent!
That was the smoothest advertisement transition I've heard thus far 💯 LBS
Hi! Can you add regular animal fact files, meaning that you do a video on a specific species about there appearance, behavior, distribution, diet, threats, reproduction, and population. It would really be nice if you could!
Hi there! I would like to do that eventually but I have so many families to get through first!! Thanks for commenting
Next video should be about dolphins whales and porpoises I think that what be terrific
I was just doing research on mandrills and baboons since people don’t wanna listen when I told them Rafiki is a mandrill and not a baboon
Space Weather, look at bird bath
@Space Weather, actually, mandrills are baboons, a baboon is any old world monkey that belongs to the Papionini tribe, there are nine extant baboon species within three genera, the nine extant baboon species are the Gelada Baboon (Theropithecus gelada), the Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx), the Drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus), the Cape Baboon (Papio ursinus), the Yellow Baboon (Papio cynocephalus), the Kinda Baboon (Papio kindae), the Olive Baboon (Papio anubis), the Guinea Baboon (Papio guineensis), and the Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas).
Rafiki is a error, he's a Masked drill monkey (Mandrillus sphinx) with a long tail? A (Papio) trait, not a (Mandrillus) trait, also the wrong side of Africa, as Masked drill monkeys (Mandrillus sphinx) are found in the west of Africa of Gabon and surrounding areas, with Lionking being based in the East of Africa of the plains of Kenya and Tanzania.
"This is not a drill. This is a baboon"
@14:30 That is so odd that Drills are separated by the GULF OF GUINEA but the Sanaga river is a bridge too far between the species. Now I would like to know if the island hop was human intervention or not, and exactly how did the river become their taxidermic divide?
I remember having a book about animals, which showed large and rather freaky picture of angry male Hamadryas baboon. Because of that picture, I always imagined that Hamadryas baboons are like same size as gorillas and thought that they are the most badass monkeys in the world. But after I went to zoo and saw how big they actually are, I was a bit disappointed. And now this video tells me that they are smallest baboon species. I don't know why, but that makes me a bit sad.
Anyway, this was a great video!
They are aggressive
They are not baboons
Can you do one of these for wales and dolphins
I'd stick to wildlife and not include geography.
So nobody gonna talk about the troop management website while the narrator was discussing about the sponsor 😅
Male mandrills are amazingly colored, with fangs that dracula would envy.
I love macaques but baboons and man/drills are very interesting.
Nice monkeys
Romasay, look at bird bath
Sir please make a video of the faunal diversity of india like Indian primates Your video is very informative and well covered for each and every aspect of the topic.
Drills fit the look of a supernatural monster.
❤️❤️❤️
14:06 wow, this monkey's left eye has its pupil not centered...
Can mandrills and drills mate?
15:42 that baby
Just like downtown.
I used to believe apes were descended from baboons when I read that apes evolved from old world monkeys. but having had a good look at the morphology of these genus of old world monkey shown here I’m now beginning to think apes, baboons and galada and drill monkeys evolved from a shared ancestor before radiating outward and evolving into new species I could easily imagine that baboons and drill monkeys are sister Taxon while apes are more closely related to Galada than any other monkey species
Anyone one remembers I.R Baboon?
Not gonna lie I've heard of mandrels but not drills so that's something
Mandrills
These things and dogs are the scariest animals to me
🤠👍🏿
The image's are so clear, makes it great viewing while I'm drinking Vodka.
Edit: After the display the Baboons put on, I would say not great viewing but more so great listening with clear visuals.
Let’s not forget the biggest monkey/baboon of them all, but is currently extinct: Dinopithecus. About the size of an adult human while on all 4s, this oversized baboon could eat animals as big as small horses.
why did the ancient egyptians find the hamadryas baboon sacred but the olive one not
How many times did this guy say buh-boon?
Pls do a vid on rodents
He has, I think
Rodents are placental mammals of the order Rodentia, there are more than 2,000 extant species within more than 454 extant genera, there are over thirty-eight extant families of rodents classified within twenty-one extant superfamilies and three suborders, the thirty-eight extant families of rodents are Diatomyidae (Laotian Rockrat), Ctenodactylidae (Gundis), Petromuridae (Dassie Rat), Thryonomyidae (Cane Rats), Bathyergidae (Molerats), Hystricidae (Old World Porcupines), Octodontidae (Degus and South American Rockrats), Echimyidae (Spiny Rats), Abrocomidae (Chinchilla Rats and Viscacha Rats), Chinchillidae (Chinchillas and Viscachas), Erethizontidae (New World Porcupines), Ctenomyidae (Tuco-Tucos), Capromyidae (Hutias), Myocastoridae (Nutria), Dinomyidae (Pacarana), Caviidae (Cavies), Cuniculidae (Pacas), Dasyproctidae (Agoutis and Acouchis), Aplodontiidae (Mountain Beaver), Gliridae (Dormice), Zenkerellidae (Flightless Anomalures), Anomaluridae (Flying Anomalures), Pedetidae (Springhares), Sciuridae (Squirrels), Castoridae (Beavers), Geomyidae (Gophers), Heteromyidae (Pocket Mice, Kangaroo Rats, and Kangaroo Mice), Platacanthomyidae (Oriental Dormice), Spalacidae (Kopatels, Zokors, Bamboo Rats, and Grawes), Dipodidae (Jerboas), Calomyscidae (Mouselike Hamsters), Cricetidae (Hamsters, Lemmings, Muskrats, and Voles), Zapodidae (Jumping Mice and Birch Mice), Sigmodontidae (New World Mice and Rats), Muridae (Old World Mice and Rats), Gerbillidae (Gerbils, Jirds, Sand Rats, Link Rat, Spiny Mice, Brush-Furred Rats, and Rudd's Mouse), Cricetomyidae (Pouched Rats, African Rock Mice, Climbing Mice, Fat Mice, Gerbil Mouse, Delany’s Mouse, Nikolaus’s Mouse, White-Tailed Rat, Karoo Mouse, Togo Mouse, Vlei Rats, Groove-Toothed Rats, Whistling Rats, and Maned Rat), and Nesomyidae (Malagasy Rodents), the twenty-one extant superfamilies of rodents are Ctenodactyloidea with the families Diatomyidae and Ctenodactylidae, Petromuroidea with the family Petromuridae, Phiomyoidea with the family Thyronomyidae, Bathyergoidea with the family Bathyergidae, Hystricoidea with the family Hystricidae, Octodontoidea with the families Octodontidae and Echimyidae, Chinchilloidea with the families Abrocomidae and Chinchillidae, Erethizontoidea with the family Erethizontidae, Myocastoroidea with the families Ctenomyidae, Capromyidae, and Myocastoridae, Cavioidea with the families Dinomyidae, Caviidae, Cuniculidae, and Dasyproctidae, Aplodontioidea with the family Aplodontiidae, Gliroidea with the family Gliridae, Anomaluroidea with the families Zenkerellidae and Anomaluridae, Pedetoidea with the family Pedetidae, Sciuroidea with the family Sciuridae, Castoroidea with the family Castoridae, Geomyoidea with the families Geomyidae and Heteromyidae, Platacanthomyoidea with the family Platacanthomyidae, Dipodoidea with the families Spalacidae and Dipodidae, Cricetoidea with the families Calomyscidae, Cricetidae, Zapodidae, and Sigmodontidae, and Muroidea with the families Muridae, Gerbillidae, Cricetomyidae, and Nesomyidae, the three suborders of rodents are Caviomorpha (Cavy-Like Rodents) with the superfamilies Ctenodactyloidea, Petromuroidea, Phiomyoidea, Bathyergoidea, Hystricoidea, Octodontoidea, Chinchilloidea, Erethizontoidea, Myocastoroidea, and Cavioidea, Sciuromorpha (Squirrel-Like Rodents) with the superfamilies Aplodontioidea, Gliroidea, Anomaluroidea, Pedetoidea, Sciuroidea, Castoroidea, and Geomyoidea, and Myomorpha (Mouse-Like Rodents) with the superfamilies Platacanthomyoidea, Dipodoidea, Cricetoidea, and Muroidea.
@@indyreno2933 thats a lot words
Cynocephalus are the smarter, stronger and more fascinating trough all monkey species. They were the very first primates that from the trees conquered savannhas millions years before australophitecoid
Amazing documentary, except for your pronunciation of 'gelada'. You should pronounce the 'g' like a 'J'.
Did baboons come from a dog like ancestor. It's almost like dogs eventually become people 🤔
Dan, look at bird bath
@@BirdBath1 oh I have. I'll look again though
@@SoulDelSol read my name
@Dan, no, they actually did not, dogs are carnivorans, while baboons are primates, in fact, carnivorans and primates are different orders of placental mammals (subclass Placentalia) that are also not closely related, both carnivorans (order Carnivora) and primates (order Primata) are classified within the magnorder Boreoeutheria (Laurasian Placental Mammals), but carnivorans specifically belong to the superorder Laurasiatheria alongside the shrews, moles, desmans, solenodons, bats, hedgehogs, gymnures, moonrat, pangolins, hoofed mammals, and whales, while primates belong to the superorder Euarchontoglires along with the lagomorphs, rodents, treeshrews, and colugos.
@@indyreno2933 look at bird bath
Im a professional monkey tickler from Ohio State(GO BUCKEYES) and they’re just so fun to tickle. I love tickling macaque most. Macaques, sorry.
I hate that apes are a Paraphyly group, since they are cladistically monkeys. The title for the biggest monkeys should really go to gorillas.
Paraphyly is just complicating our understanding of evolution, but I guess it has to exist for people who are stubbornly stuck in outdated hypotheses from before the existence of cladistics.
@Ollypa, correction, monkeys are the actual paraphyletic group, apes are a monophyletic group, in fact, apes do not count as monkeys, but the word "monkey" only applies to anthropoids with tails, modern apes do not have tails, monkeys are told apart from apes by the fact that monkeys have all four limbs under the same length, while apes have either longer arms than their legs, or for the case of humans longer legs than their arms.
I though all those animals were considered baboons
Rafael Alódio, look at bird bath
They was all considered Baboon monkeys at one time, but only the genus (Papio) are Baboon monkeys. The genus (Theropithecus) Bleeding heart monkey are a close relative. The genus (Mandrillus) Masked drill monkey and White dusky drill monkey, are related but not as close as once thought, but all are in the same tribe Papionini.
@@zebedeemadness2672 look at bird bath
@@BirdBath1 I have my own bird bath, thanks.
Great, but would it be possible to provide measurements in metric so that the 96% of the world's population who are not American can also understand?
Thanks and keep up the good work!
Never mind. Spoke too soon, sorry.
Daa
Don't be a hero
He said baboon, & mandrill species are the worlds largest monkey(s)! #HeHasNoidea
so to grossly simplify a baboon is a monkey dog? that blows my head in half
That's a big ol pile of apes.
Monkey*
I would classify baboons as apes
Why? They have a tail
@@thegameranch5935 meant mandrills* if I saw them next to a gorilla** and didnt know what they were***
Personally i kinda wouldn't be agenst all of the Parvorder Catarrhini, old world monkeys and apes being referred to as apes, as in the Parvorder Catarrhini it contains two living families, the family Cercopithecidae old world "monkeys" (personally wouldn't be agenst tailed apes), and the family Hominoidea ( old world apes, tailless apes). As the New world monkeys are in a different Parvorder Platyrrhini and contains five living families, family Callitrichidae (Marmoset, Tamarin), family Cebidae (Capuchin, Squirrel-monkey), family Aotidae (Owl-monkey), family Pitheciidae (Titi, Sakis, Uakari) family Atelidae (the primary known prehensile-tail monkeys of Howler, Spider, Muriquis, Woolly). All five families of New world monkeys are refered to as monkeys. So i wouldn't be agenst Parvorder Platyrrhini being monkeys as the already are, and Parvorder Catarrhini being all apes (The tailed family and the Tailless family), so we can refer to monkeys being from the New world, and apes being from the old world. But it's the way it is and not likely gonna change.
@Zebedee madness, actually, there are twenty-one extant families of primates: Lorisidae (Lorises and Pottos), Galagidae (Galagos), Phaneridae (Fork-Crowned Lemurs), Lepilemuridae (Sportive Lemurs), Cheirogaleidae (Dwarf Lemurs and Mouse Lemurs), Daubentoniidae (Aye-Aye), Indriidae (Mountain Lemurs), Lemuridae (Common Lemurs), Tarsiidae (Tarsiers), Aotidae (Owl Monkeys), Callithrichidae (Marmosets and Tamarins), Saimiriidae (Squirrel Monkeys), Cebidae (Capuchins), Atelidae (Prehensile-Tailed Monkeys), Pitheciidae (Sakis, Uakaris, and Titis), Colobidae (Colobuses), Cercopithecidae (Swamp Monkeys), Presbytidae (Langurs), Papionidae (Baboons, Mangabeys, and Macaques), Hylobatidae (Lesser Apes), and Hominidae (Great Apes).
Drills and mandrills don't seem to have tails.@@thegameranch5935
Ape Life
Monkey*
Monkey Life
I love your videos they are amazing, but I think it would be helpful for you to start posting your content on instagram or more platforms so you can grow more.
Looks like the Biden Family