The greatest machine that never was - John Graham-Cumming
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- Опубліковано 16 жов 2024
- Computer science began in the '30s ... the 1830s. John Graham-Cumming tells the story of Charles Babbage's mechanical, steam-powered "analytical engine" and how Ada Lovelace, mathematician and daughter of Lord Byron, saw beyond its simple computational abilities to imagine the future of computers. (Filmed at TEDxImperialCollege.)
Talk by John Graham-Cumming.
3:08 "The memory is over here"
"This is the CPU. It's this big"
Good job, editor.
Lol
U know, right!
"Open the Drawing Room doors, Halfred"
*steam, grinding, card-punching, printout reads:*
"I cannot let you do that, Sir David"
Jack Dean HAL .05
*starts removing punchcard blocks*
"Just remember what you are doing, Sir David."
I wonder how this may have changed world history if any one country hand funded and built this in the 1830's or 1840's.
+Micheal Hunt It wouldn't have helped much until the transistor was invented. Zuse build purely mechanical computers in the first half of the 20th century. They ware still, incredibly slow, which wasn't as bad as the fact that it just does not scale if you go the mechanical route. Hope that makes sense.
+Micheal Hunt In a parallel universe where there is a much more sophisticated form of computing than the electronic computing asking what would have changed in world history if any country had funded electrical machines.
Resd "the difference engine" by william gibson
+Micheal Hunt Frankly, without the auxiliary functions like transmitting data and images, computing wouldn't have taken off. They'd have very limited mathematical uses, and maybe one or two Universities in existence could afford to have one. It'd be like the Colossus of Greece, a kind of mythically wondrous thing that has since certainly been destroyed. If they survived, it'd perhaps be a major cultural icon for the country that ends up with it... but maybe only marginally effective at tasks that true computers would almost instantly overwhelm and thus lead to the late revolution anyway.
It is a very good question and it brings up the idea of application , context and relativity. If such a machine was built it could calculate mathematical functions but in a world where there is nothing else it's use would have been limited. So in effect application is important because the idea of how to apply such a machine to do something useful at the time ,which would be very large , slow , consume energy might not be obvious. It also may not give any obvious military advantage. You would also need context , meaning the way the machine interfaced into other machines to control them .So without a way to insert this machine into functional systems application is limited. The last idea is relativity, that is an electron in space on its own means nothing . You cannot identify it , measure anything about its position or condition without other particles present. Without connectivity to other machines this design would have been limited. Any alternative ideas ?
When verified, they should give it to a Swiss watchmaker and let them miniaturize it - see how small it can get.
+Quattordici Montenapoleone I believe mechanical things tend to break more easily when made smaller.
+Quattordici Montenapoleone That's an amazing idea. +Jose Rosas But the Swiss make things of quality.
+Jose Rosas unless you get it small enough to put it into a chip. Google MEMS. Your watch has an accelerometer , that is a micro mechanical device btw. Seems pretty sturdy to me.
mofo syne Yes but were not just talking about an accelerator., were're talking an entire computer made of gears. Even if each gear was 10nm, the the devices it self would still be pretty bulky. I should've said: Extremely complex mechanics tend to break more easily when smaller.
+Jose Rosas I don't know if you could make a 10nm gear. That's only about 100 atoms wide. That's going to impose some pretty severe limitations on the teeth you can make.
It just keeps spitting out 42!
+Emergency Temporal Shift Yeah, wouldn't THAT make few of us go: "Hhhmmn, that's funny... "?
+Emergency Temporal Shift 42 likes. Perfect. Until someone ruins it. :p
x
+Emergency Temporal Shift what do you get when you multiply 6 by 9.
sethorren 2268/42
This guy totally missed one of the most interesting things about the endeavor. The craft of machining metal was incapable of producing the precision that Babbage's machine required The machinist who Babbage hired, Joseph Clement, was first rate. Clement was a Brit, of course, and he was already the leading designer, and builder of precision machine tools when Babbage contracted him to build his calculating machine. Clement used the money the British government paid Babbage and developed even better machines to cut the gears and do the other work needed. So, the world got a big benefit out of it even though the calculator/computer was never finished.
Dammit, man, that's an excellent point! (Says guy who is really interested in well-machined metal parts)
We don’t know they’re a guy
@@aimeemcdonald1581 guy is pretty universally accepted as non gendered term of endearment. Chill.
@@aimeemcdonald1581 Ratio though...
This guy is a good presenter.
George Hamilton agreed. One of the best ones I have seen on Ted Talks.
George Hamilton - I liked Vsauce
which george
1830s: We could build a computer!
1930s: We built a different computer!
2030s: Let's build that first computer!
"There's never been a Mathematician that's gone crazy". Best line.
How 'bout that? A steampunk computer
+Cl Lyman Hey dig this old digital computer , patent 3190554, that use compressed air to compute, or if you like STEAM! Bet you could use 3D printing to make one today.
+Cl Lyman The Greeks had one.
+TerroWasrDactyl96 Was that the Anteclatheria Mechanism? Great little caldnar
Did they ever buiold Pascal's enine analytique
+Cl Lyman There's even a great sci-fi novel written by William Gibson called "The diferential engine". One of the first examples of steampunk fiction
+ufoengines That's something ain't it? Printing a 3D analytic machine, on your own personal analytic machine. Analytiception.
An entire room filled with grinding, screeching gears... gets you 1k of memory... fill another room and you got another 1k of memory... XD
+Motherbrain Jr Whole factory of it could probably run pong
Omar Ibn Lynn Ibn Samual Marchant Not immune to wrenches :D
+Motherbrain Jr at least you wouldn't get viruses xD
Aziq Azman All you would have to do is throw a wrench into the gears... XD
+Motherbrain Jr Cause you would tip water on your pc too ^_^
And Ada's mother thought "Let's teach her math, nobody ever went nutty studying math"
* muffled laughter from DaVinci's grave *
:D 'what, oh DaVinci don't worry he was born insane' 'but my dear, I became ever more so'
good
What about the Unabomber? He studied math at Harvard, and taught at UC Berkeley
A beautiful mind...
Thanks for the hilarious comment.
People who like this might also like the Curta Calculator. Not a computer, only a calculator, but really built and a success. I have an early Type I and it's lovely to see it work, to hear it and to smell it.
Imagine one of these built using molecular clockwork.
***** I think that on a small enough scale, with enough parallel, it could actually be more efficient than electron channel processing.
+Philo Wintercoat you would be stunningly wrong
charles reid Really? You'd have to build nanotube pathways for the electrons, but you could have single complex molecules act as clockwork.
+Philo Wintercoat And it would still be slow, as was already stated. Leave it to the furry to think the impractical is OK.
skyler cox You added nothing to this conversation, and, in fact detracted integrity from it via your prejudice. Congratulations.
-I'm...I'm Cumming.
-WHAT?
-Yeah. I'm John Cumming.
-Oh...I thought...nevermind. Nice to meet you.
Giannis Dravis Its funny cuz he said cocks a lot
Hello, I am cumming, and this is my cog
+quelorepario hahahahaha
+Giannis Dravis Hello, I'm george cummins
Least I don't drive a cummins.
This could be a Minecraft project.
Viktor Hofer Fully functional computers can be built without command blocks. Just some redstone circuitry.
Viktor Hofer Watched SethBling's video did you?
There are more powerful computers in minecraft than this
Did you see the entire scientific calculator with graphing capabilities that was built in minecraft? Pretty sure it was from before command block as well.
We're talking about mechanics here. Computations are simple with 0s and 1s, but when you try to build a machine, you need more knowledge and skill than counting to 1
But the question remains.... can it run Crysis?
technically you could design a programmable gear comp so possibly if we did it right
For sure it can but you have to dial down the resolution and effects. I mean, really dial down.
+pale blue dot I'm certain the machine just for processing the graphics would be the size of a hospital.
Dude that would make a great video for something like Veritasium or Computerphile.
"How Large Would Babbage's engine have to be to run Crysis, and how would it work?"
SlamifiedBuddafied
i would not doubt it
im doing this first time
lets say we can build gears at 1 micrometer
the smallest transister i could design takes about 3 gears. three by one but the rigging system and ports for it takes up another one we will say 3 by 3 by 3 to make room for ports and connectors ect
at 1000000 micrometers to a meter
1000000
333333
3.7×10^16 guess
considering wires ect (break cords)
thats actually comparable to cpu today
just would break all the time
thats if we spent millions to do it at micrometers
Yeah I've been schooled. Thanks for your timely intervention, and so eloquent you are.
I bid you good day sir.
But I've got this great idea for -
I said good day!
I can just hear it in my head, with a thick British accent.
but could it run crysis 3 on Max settings
+Souper Yes, at 1 year per frame.
+BlazingMagpie frame per year*
+xxsayabetoxx you ruined the joke ;_;
+xxsayabetoxx that's the same
+Souper top kek
There was a story that he believed that only 5 machines would ever need to be built to satisfy the worlds needs. So having heard this I took the challenge. Without leaving the seat in which I was sitting how many devices containing computing elements could I reach and touch. I managed to reach six devices. How many can you reach without leaving the seat in which you are currently sitting ?
4
I wonder if people would try to hack it.
+Yaman Movic If someone'd try to hack it, it probably have to be mechanically. Mechanical hackers... imagine that.
+Octavion Demi Nicolas (JNGME) I'm starting to have thoughts about steampunk pirates sending airships off course by discreetly mechanically hacking their navigation systems thanks to your thought, and I really hope someone does something with that idea now :D
+Octavion Demi Nicolas (JNGME)
I'm thinking about Jean Grey, and Apocalypse from X-Men right now...
+Yaman Movic Throw a spanner in = ddos.
Chickenkeeper I think you'd want to look up USS Macon Airship. Flying Aircraft carrier. Standard crew of 78. After you see that, look at this picture to see how awesome it is inside.
s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/2f/39/33/2f39339af07faee91a6ffbdfacc66fcb.jpg
All very interesting but I didn't learn what I came here for: How it works.
+Peter Timowreef Start with the Difference Engine... there are many videos of it here.
+Peter Timowreef i've always found TED talks to be more parts inspirational than academic talks. it's what they're for i suppose.
sethorren
Yea I suppose you have a point there.
As of today (22nd november 2015) , 106 poeople "dislike" this factual presentation (???) Do you not like facts and reality ??? - What did you expect the presentation to contain? - next week's winning lottery numbers? - jerks
+truthtrumpsdumbness Yeah, dislikes on informative and/or purely factual videos always bother me to the point I actually spend a part of my time thinking about what kind of person dislikes it, what is the motivation behind the dislike, things like that.
Picture your anecdotal child going from one pet shop to another shouting at puppies. Sure, you can call that child _different_, but I would say that _psychotic_ is a more fitting term and urgent care is needed to prevent a seeming harmless practice to become an atrocious crime of puppy murder.
rippspeck
I LOVE your pic!
+Evi1M4chine oh my god you're just a 9 year old kid trying to be funny because you were offended from a factual statement containing confusion. Get a life (if you are who I think you are you have 70 years left at least)
+truthtrumpsdumbness an explanation of how it works?
Would it get a 'blue scream of death' from the noise of steam powered cogs?
+Ronbo Fett Aside from my applauding the pun... "blue scream of death" actually sounds kind of terrifying o.O
Ronbo Fett Only if it is running MS software xD
Steampunk computer. That's all I keep imagining. Just blows the top off of what could be considered "steampunk". Amazing.
If the basic of modern day computing technology is based on binary, and michael babagge had to use decimal based system in order to make computer train small enough to be practical, do you think there will come a point of time where in order to get smaller and more powerful computer, the basic language of computing would have to switch from binary to decimal?
+Philip Dyer we would probably switch from decimal to base 12 with several steps in between, but base 12 is a more efficient method of counting than decimal
if we could use something other than binary I would go with hexadecimal (base 16) or even base 64 if it was possible electronically, on the cpu inside an electronic computer it is made up of billions of transistors that have 2 states on and off. if we were going to use decimal we would need 10 states but how would that work, in the video this guy used clogs or gears with 10 spokes to simulate 10 states which is smaller mechanically but not able to be applied electronically for modern technology
+Philip Dyer but the computers we have so far based on logical gates only can use binary logic; even if we put together 6 transistors to create a logic with base 10, it would still occupy 5 times the space the binary machine would; as a matter of fact, that is indeed what our computers do nowadays, using many binary transistors to create logics that are far more complex.
The barrier here is that a transistor can *only* be on or off, it doesn't have a list of 10 states available for us to deal with. I am really not sure about this, but I think that's where quantum computers are supposed to come in, since they'd deal with electrons instead of electricity, thus opening room for more information to be stored: now instead of a transistor turned on to signify 1 and off for 0 we could open room for a "2" since apparently an electron based transistor can be off, on or off and on (I have literally zero idea of how this works).
+Philip Dyer why not Hex?
+Alter Kater But BCD is just a reduced binary code, which has the problematic behavior of using decimal logic in a discrete system physically limited to 2 states ( 2 distinguishable discrete values-->most suitable to logic of 2's exponents) and the bulky extent of the binary system.
A hexadecimal system would be a great successor of the good old binary logic system. Multi-level signaling (at least there are discrete levels) isn't new in the telecommunication networks. It could be implemented in computers too with extended logic levels. Binary coded informations could be easily adoptable with 16bit parallel digital-to-analog (in this case digital-to-multi-level digital) converters, and vice versa.
imagine how far along we would be as a civilization if this machine came to fruition
"You could smell it operating" lol. The first computer I ever built you could smell it "operating" too.
I wonder if that machine could play Fallout 4 at 60fps...
HYPE
+MilitantRelic42 no it can only do 60 frames per year
+MilitantRelic42 It would take more WD-40 than the planet currently has...
+Michael on UA-cam more like 60 a century lol
I heard it's like 2 frames per Eon
It's the future, is it built yet?
Good TED talk. Shame it was never built. Just think how different our present-day world would be.
"teach her math.." best parents ever (no irony)
I had to slow this video down towards the end (I normally listen at 2x). I have a great interest in complex clockwork.
Judging from the comments most people remain dumb despite the best of efforts of this channel.
Ada and Babbage were visionaries!
That's not the only reason he didn't build it; he also believed that it should be funded by the government and they wouldn't have it.
great presentation.
Well ... as far as functional simulation, shouldn't you be able to do that in a month or so? I mean the Lovelace / Manabrea articles ought to be sufficient to deduce the functional spec of the machine, shouldn't they? I've even toyed with the idea of writing this up myself.
After that, it should just be a matter of mapping each functional unit to a physical entity. I am surprised this at least this much has not been completed a long time ago.
+Paul Hsieh I feel like they could create a minature version of the machine using 3d printers. The only thing you'd have to change is having it run on a crank rather than steam power
the main problem is that there is no single design for a fully functional analytical engine. As the speaker said, Babbage kept "fiddling with it" for decades. He continuously redesigned and refined components so the hard part is determining what is compatible and missing for it to be fully integrated into a functional machine.
fascinating talk! i'd heard of lovelace (sp?) but never knew about her connection to byron - small world!
While this project is really neat, I think what would be more useful for people being able to 'see how a computer works' would be the various CPUs created in Minecraft. Not only can you see it, but you can fly around it, you can pause it or let it proceed, you can fiddle with it, etc.
+Dustin Rodriguez Or just take the minecraft part out and use Solidworks like a sane person.
+Denis Lipatnikov minecraft is cheaper and more user friendly for people who just want to observe.
😮 look at those incredible men and women who could think ahead of their time!
the first computer was the greek antikithera, its about 2000 years old and was used to predict the heavens
Fascinating, albeit has actually been predated by ancient India by about 15000 years.
Not actually a computer, more like a clock.
I'm not talking about Jyotish friend.
you aren't talking about a computer either.
Aren't I? What is the brain but a receiver of information? Where does One experience both Space and Time?
Ever seen the Matrix?
Given 9 years has passed since; Is that computer ready now?
did they build it ?
Sushant Bhargav no shit ...
Sushant Bhargav no shit Sherlock
*****
thnx !
This is to say Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace already envisioned modern computers through concepts from their head beyond from their current age of technology..... way way way beyond.
Just imagine. If Babbage actually built his computer we could have been one step closer to a real steampunk age.
Also isn't the Antikathira (I'm sure that's spelled wrong) Mechanism a computer in a way?
Antikythera, and yes it is!
Thank you. Those Ancient Greeks were amazing geniuses. I can only wish people like mechanos (the guy who created the first steam powered object. I'm probably butchering his name too) and all those other people who invented those types of things really knew their true potential.
*****
It calculated the future position of stars and planets. Eclipses,full moons and so on. It is an analog computer in every sense.
It is a calculator. As mentioned in the video, it doesn't make evaluations or branch it's programming.
Babbageb also invented the form. As in the paper form you fill out.
he was also a Proto Keynesian. During a time of economic downturn he was tasked with getting the British economy back on track, and he told the ministers that in order to fix the economy they needed to flood the market with money in order to create growth.
so... 2 years later. Where is it ? :D Or is there at least a kickstarter for it ?
+Albert Calinescu he said we'd have it by the 2030s, it'll take a long time
+Albert Calinescu hmm right at the end he goes "gimme 5 years, before the 2030's we'll have it" so lets check again in 2018?
+ugabugawugaguga 2 years to go! :P
They are facing difficulties because of various reasons:
- the amount of drawings and text is huge, processing is very time consuming
- there are various sources with inconsistent references that are hard to be reconciled
- there are missing parts and unclear details that needs to be recovered or filled in based on hints only or even with no info at all
- there were new ideas incorporated in the original designs time to time and it is not clear that even one set of consistent design can be recovered from the sources, also there are three major era of the designs that are incompatible
- the project has founding issues as well as lack of resources to work on it
and probably even more...
See more info: plan28.org/
Bence Szalai +
I can't even do math but this was the most captivating ted talk I've ever seen. Suppose I was an inventor in another life. Oh well
Why does this thing have the "Standard UA-cam License" thing and the creative commons logo in the end of the video???
Because you wouldn't see it otherwise.
UA-cam only supports CC-BY. What they use is CC-NC-BY-SA
Fantastic! I really envy the dysentery from that area!
If you show this video in a classroom as part of the teaching, theyre already gonna start laughing at 0:17
lots of things i learned in this channel!
10 Points extra credit if you build it by midterms.
amazing. great watch.
I got the feeling that this calculator charity is a secret plot to fund the creation of a death machine..Either way, where do I sign up.
Imagine if the computer WERE built in Charles Babbage’s time though. We would be living in a totally different world where you and I can’t talk to each other on devices like these.
Also NASA would have to have a building as big as 2 warehouses just to store these computers to calculate their space launches and stuff.
2:00 I have that same issue. lol
The speaker have a great name.
i just clicked on this video to see how many kids were going rough in the comments :3
you could just print it with a 3d printer
+Mahmod Mokhtar
3D printers are garbage
*****
I never said that 3D printers couldn't get better.
you should watch how the Koenigsegg
team 3d printed the turbo for the one to one.....3d is the future Pseudo Lain
+Mahmod Mokhtar How much did that printer cost? How much did the material cost? How much did the produc cost? With an average 3d printer you can only make weak plastic shit thats only good for making prototypes to get an idea of what the product looks and feels like in the real world
+lolatmyage yes its pretty advanced stuff but in a couple of years it would be available for college students and after that for the public
First computer built in 1830? Try 100-150 BC! A clockwork device was found in some wreckage off some Greek islands. It was apparently designed to predict a number of celestial events. It wasn't a simple clock created by observing the position of planets either, because the position of Mars was always off. Apparently their theory of planetary motion wasn't up to predicting the real motion of the planets at the time.
Subtitles?
why?
SBEG Accents
Also because not all people speak english?
Surely there must be greater machines that haven't been built.
damn nerd, he should have built that thing!
honestly i never really understood computers and why they work so maybe this would finally help me understand. like how electricity and metals turn into code and information, and complex things like the internet
If you want to understand it start with the mathematics. So go and learn how to do Boolean mathematics. This doe not mean you need to be good at mathematics already.
A computer that never was built, can hardly be the first computer. And in fact there have been wood and stone made machines for computing 2k years ago in the Mediterranean World.
+Jens Fröbel I think you may mean calculators, I could very well be wrong, though.
John B hey dave
Actually, the first mechanical computer devices were not from the 1830s but from 200 bc as the Antikythera mechanism shows
that guy was obsessed with cogks lol
+Alex Raxach I got a cog on my cog with a cog on its cog!
Why is Ada Lovelace not mentioned in this. She did quite a lot to assist Charles Babbage design the analytical engine
She is mentioned multiple times.
So they're going to use a computer... to simulate a computer.
You got your first subscriber!
+Potato OX Yay
+No videos here That's nothing unusual actually. Virtual machines are used widely in the IT industry, even UA-cam servers which are storing your comment are probably running inside a virtual machine inside a physical computer. So basically computers "simulating" computers is very common.
+DoubleM55 Interesting... What I want to know is why they don't use a physical machine and instead simulate the machine computing the things. I mean, that would just make more and unneccary things the computer has to do, right?
+No videos here Yes, there are few good reasons for this. Most of the servers are not under 100% load all the time, so it's a waste of resources to leave a physical machine running at say 20%. So it makes sense to run multiple (virtual) machines, each with its own operating system and improve hardware utilization.
There are also some benefits for the maintenance, it's much easier to backup data and upgrade software, etc...
To fullfil Ada's idea: Implement a MIDI message decoder and add a mechanical device to trigger a self-playing piano. It only needs to handle NOTE_ON, NOTE_OFF and SUSTAIN on/offf.
3D PRINT IT!!!
John, Sir, you are completely out of your mind trying to build that...... and I want to be apart of it !
dont forget Augusta Ada Byron King, Countess of Lovelace.....dude shes hot
Yes she is :D
The next generation of computers will interface directly with the mind.
just build it in minecraft and save yourself some money and lots of space! why not build it in minecraft? =p
When have there been cogs in minecraft
i dont know but people do all kinds of stuff in minecraft, a calculator has been done, im sure this is possible too!
signsofevil A true computer in Minecraft is very possible (though shear size would cause chunkloading issues without a mod). You couldn't construct Babbage's analytical engine per se, because Minecraft mechanics work differently than clockwork mechanics, but you could a machine that did the same thing--and as Alan Turing pointed out a computer is a computer because of what it does, not how it does it.
Why not build it in Minecraft? Because Java XD
Hey it's been 5 years where are they at on this?
All over you tube (and the net), you see stuff like "What I hate about XYZ Country" or "10 Things wrong with ABC Country" (which is just an arbitrary opinion of the Author, not necessarily truth, it's not better or worse, in reality it's just different from the authors experience), I would like to see more sites like "What I love about That Country", Etc...--This is one thing (of many) I love about the British (from my perception, not right or wrong, just my own). Their scientist are obviously as competent (sometimes even more) as other countries, but often their most brilliant, and sometimes not so brilliant, also seem to have this air of "Quirkiness" (not a bad thing) about them that is a brand all their own, it's actually kind of hard to explain (similar to American Baseball, I understand all the subtleties and strategies of the game having played and followed it my whole life, but can't really explain them to others properly), but I like it.
they need to make a movie of this guy
actually there is a book that talks about this idea, it's call "The difference engine" by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling
I'm not sure if I understand. So, is John Graham Cumming the greatest machine that never was?
what about the Antikythera mechanism? I'm pretty sure thats an older computer than this. But still amazing.
I SO want to see the metal version of this running off a piston type steam engine!
It’s now 2020, has there been a working machine built?
The ringing of the bell compels you...
That compouter would / will have 1K of memory! The Sinclair ZX81 had 1K og free memory too!
Hope I live long enough to see it finished!!!
Actually is not Babbage who creat the first mechanical computer, it is said and prof that the Greek use a ancient computers to keep track on star which is fascinating.
Do they finally built it? I'd like to see it
my 2005 HP media center has held strong for these last 11 years. It looks more like Frankenstein inside for updating of ports. It can use several different types of monitors (Video, VGA and HDMI are a few) and still has the original graphics card, keyboard and mouse. I have put it through hell and still plays quite a few games at decent framerates. It does have a lot more memory and RAM (If you have seen my desk, there is crap everywhere). I have put at least $10K in upgrades, parts, programs, time and labor into that damned thing
Am I missing something? Wasn't this already made? I seem to recall Jeremy Clarkson demonstrating it (Inventions That Changed the World) and another one in an American science museum... It was the Difference Engine - is that the same thing we are talking about here? They built it following his plans and it's on display @ the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California, USA
If the point of building this machine is understanding better how computers work because you can see everything upscale and big, then its not making so much sense. Studying electronics gives you a pretty good foundation for building computers and understanding how they work.
Has it been built yet!?!
I just realized: if you added a slide rule to this machine, it could do multiplication about as fast as it could do addition, unlike typical computers.
So, has it been build?
Cheers from the future (5 years)
thats beutiful. ...its jaw dropping. ..why am i just finding out about this now. ..
Simply Amazing!
Just gonna put it out there that the "Difference Engine No. 2" is actually referred to as the "Analytical Engine."
sounds fantastic... I am fairly savy with computers but I am a mechanic by trade so the mechanical computer would surely make more sense to me than silicon