Making Green Steel with Hydrogen
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- Опубліковано 12 вер 2024
- More than 1.8 billion tons of steel are produced every year, making it the most important alloy in terms of volume and impact. While steel is a sustainability enabler, through lightweight car parts, wind farms and magnets, its primary production is not. Iron is reduced from ore using carbon. This produces 2t CO2/t of steel, standing for 33% of the global CO2 emissions in manufacturing. These emissions can be reduced when replacing carbon by hydrogen or its carriers as reductant [1,2].
The lecture presents some recent progress in understanding the key mechanisms of hydrogen-based direct reduction and hydrogen-based plasma reduction [3-5]. The kinetics of the reactions strongly depend on mass transport kinetics, nucleation during the multiple phase transformations, the oxide’s chemistry and microstructure, and on damage and fracture associated with the phase transformation and mass transport phenomena occurring during reduction. Understanding these effects is key to make hydrogen-based reduction of iron ores commercially viable, enabling massive CO2 reductions.
Another aspect is that the production of hydrogen using renewable energy will remain as one of the bottlenecks at least during the next two decades, because making the gigantic annual crude steel production of 1.8 billion tons sustainable requires a minimum stoichiometric amount of ~97 million tons of green hydrogen per year. This means that turning the ironmaking sector more sustainable requires optimal utilization of green hydrogen and energy, thus reducing efforts for costly in-process hydrogen recycling [5].
[1] youtube: Sustainable Metallurgy and Green Metals • Metallurgy Guru: Sust...
[2] Raabe D, Tasan CC, Olivetti EA. Strategies for improving the sustainability of structural metals. Nature. 2019 Nov; 575 (7781): 64-74.
www.nature.com...
[3] SH Kim, X Zhang, Y Ma, IR Souza Filho, K Schweinar, et al. Influence of microstructure and atomic-scale chemistry on the direct reduction of iron ore with hydrogen at 700° C, Acta Materialia, 2021
www.sciencedir...
[4] IR Souza Filho, Y Ma, M Kulse, D Ponge, B Gault, et al. Sustainable steel through hydrogen plasma reduction of iron ore: Process, kinetics, microstructure, chemistry, Acta Materialia, 2021
www.sciencedir...
[5] IR Souza Filho, H Springer, Y Ma, A Mahajan, CC da Silva, M Kulse, D Raabe, Green steel at its crossroads: Hybrid hydrogen-based reduction of iron ores, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 340, 15 March 2022, 130805
www.sciencedir...
Thank you so much for this video.
I know one day I'm gonna be a resource person on Green Steel Manufacturing and I won't hesitate to refer enthusiasts here to watch this video and get well articulated insights.
I've learnt a lot here.
Excellent overview. I look forward to seeing more. good outcomes.
Great Video, Our chemistry teacher set us homework to research Green Steel. This covers everything, Thank you
Excellent intro beyond the surface -- a humble big thank you!
Excellent video and detailed description, many thanks for sharing. Just a small correction at 23:00 min slide formula for ammonia is not correct, it is written HN3 whereas it should be NH3. Very informative and great!
Please correct me if I am wrong. Wouldn't the H2 redux reaction, which releases H20 at high temperatures, create an opportunity for energy production?
With the H20 being used to rotate a turbine.
Wonderful video！
It was very satisfying to see details of metallurgy in reduction process. Despite it is a bit intense in science, still I am fascinated and liked the presentation.
This is particularly relevant to a reiteration and renewal of Metallurgical practices, thank you.
This would be really nice technology. Now if only we can do this to the concrete and cement making industry which is even worse than steel for carbon emissions.
I was under the impression that steel production was in need of higher temperatures, more like the 1200 to 1500 c?
This temperature range of ~700c is in the ball park of most of the Molten Salt reactors. If not the salts providing the heat or the power for the furnace.
Thank for the video. So much to digest and consider and explore.
that is the best explanation i ever seen ! thank you
It would have to be green iron as steel has carbon!
Wow amazing video!
On the slide "Key Idea" I read HN3, mentioned as ammonia. Assume this is meant to be NH3. Nevertheless, NH3 is mentioned in literature as suitable carrier in transport of hydrogen (as is methanol); If hydrogen is generated in solar rich desert environment, it could be transported as NH3 and according to the presentation used directly in fabrication of green steel. Is this correct? Evert Blomsma
What can you use low carbon for? And what about hydrogen embrittlement?
Does this process reduce the need for pelletization plants?
Does Electrical arc H-plasma furnace explosion risk under melting?
Im waiting ro see y🤐😑😶our video on green plastic productction
Oh please...first start banning Swift, Greta and Schwab from private jets.