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Metallic Glass
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- Опубліковано 11 кві 2013
- This video was created for Penn State's MATSE 201 Course: Introduction to Materials Science (www.e-educatio...) with the assistance of Dr. R. Allen Kimel and the John A. Dutton e-Education Institute (www.e-educatio...)
what if the Ball was amorphous too? would it bounce even more?
The Earth would crack in half, duh.
Effective demonstration. The behavior of the ball on the amorphous material threw me. It was uncanny.
Drop a metallic glass ball bearing onto the flat metallic glass
...you have been spotted, the aliens that run our world simulation would like to speak to you!
In a serious tone, there won't be such a huge difference, because the key here is that the two things that collide do not have identical characteristics so they cannot transfer energy from one to another. And the best way to make sure these two are totally different, is for one to be amorphous and the other one to be crystallized.
That would just make it bounce longer, cause the ball is taking the energy by changing direction, not by deformation
@@AlehandrosArhangelos you're missing something, because the ball bearing should lose some energy on changing is own grain boundarie structure wich should happen because gravity is still acting on the ball, and there has to be a way of stopping, or else the ball would bounce a lot more because air itself would take much more time to slow down the energy that the ball has, also maybe the narrator of the video forgot to mention that the metal doesn't have any phisical change but still has elastic properties like a trampoline but much more tight and that shoul steal energy from the bouncing
brownian motion, heat diferences etc.
@@marvalice3455 itshould have some elastic deformation dough, like a trampoline, but much more tight so the movement is neglible
@@marvalice3455 BETTER EXAMPLE : like glass ;) but of course glass breakes and is the little brother of the other materials from wich you can make ''glass'' regarding the properties of the material
Brilliant explanation. You should start a UA-cam channel
Of your own.
The plate was moving on impact, absorbing some of the kinetic energy of the ball, so the entire base should have been metallic glass. Likewise, the bearing is softer than the metallic glass and loses energy quicker than had it also been metallic glass.
His tie is the periodic table
I didn't even notice!
Your nick is dory
I just read about metallic glass in my manufacuring class and had no idea it had these properties. All it said was you get the amorphous structure because of the rapid cooling. The cooling happens so fast the metal can't form a crystaline structure.
That is NOT stainless steel on the right. It acts more like nickel. See other videos. The first bounce should be about 80% of the initial height if it's stainless steel.
Some stainless steels have nickel in them
wtfkk why would he lie about it???
fugget about it, you'r making me anxious
bite my shinny metallic ass
I had NO idea this was a thing!!
Amorphous bumper cars could be some fun. :-)
excellent demonstration!!!
Very enlightening. Thanks for the video!
I want to buy one such disc ? what are the sources and and how much will cost ?
He told you how to make it.
so if you shoot a tungsten bullet (not made of soft lead) toward an armor plate made of amorphus metal at short distance at point blank, the shooter is basically a dead man, really?
+Carlos Herrera It's an answer I want to know. Imagine if this could be used to reduce the amount of energy transferred from a bullet through body armor. Body armor would be stronger and the person wearing it would not be in a lot of pain.
+Carlos Herrera the gun barrel would explode. they are not made for that kind of bullet they can't handle the kinetic energy.
btw that's exactly what led to the development of modern form steel production. the Bessemer process. during crimean war he developed a steel round that cannons couldn't shoot because barrels couldn't handle it so he developed the process to produce hardened steel.
The metallic glass piece will shatter. Take a look in the literature, the Navy's funded some work on making armor out of metallic glass. :)
@@riskinhos you're confused, he talked about metallic glass armor, not the barrel of the gun
@@martin11844 you are right
So, what kind of steel is this that is cooled at thousands of degrees per second? How do you prevent from undergoing a diffusionless phase transformation to some sort of body-centered tetragonal lattice like martensite? I always thought that regular steels were too ordered in atomic structure to effectively lock themselves together amorphously. Is it because you cool it from liquid down to a temperature much faster than the atoms are even able to assemble in an austenitic FCC way?
imagine if you cooled steel right on the edge of being molten in liquid nitrogen.
how amorphous would it be?
would it even cool fast enough given the leidenfrost effect?
I think the Leidenfrost effect would slow down the cooling significantly due to the reduced conductive abilities of nitrogen gas. I do know that one way they rapidly cool metals is by pouring molten metal onto a spinning solid metal wheel which is internally cooled by liquid nitrogen. This achieves cooling rates of tens of millions of degrees per second.
Not an expert at all in BMGs but I'm pretty sure modern ones don't need to be cooled that quickly. Your last sentence is essentially right--imagine that you cool austenite down slowly--you get ferrite. Cool it down faster (before the atoms can arrange into ferrite) and you get metastable martensite. Cool it down even faster (before the atoms can arrange into martensite) and you get an amorphous structure, which is essentially the atoms frozen in the same position as in their liquid state.
However, by using chemistry, you can slow down the rate at which the atoms can assemble into a periodic lattice. I think a lot of this research was done in conjunction with HEAs (High Entropy Alloys). Haven't looked at this in a classroom in a few years, but I believe the principle is that by mixing in lots of elements that want to form different crystal structures, you "confuse" the atoms about which period structure should form and that allows it to stay amorphous even when you can cool them over a period of a minute or so. I'm pretty sure that's why they're BULK metallic glasses, because there is a limit to how fast you can cool by conduction (probably a bigger problem than Leidenfrost). We've known about metallic glasses for a long time, they've just been useless because you could only make very small pieces with large surface areas for instant quenching.
TL;DR You don't get BMG steel by just quenching regular steel super fast. Instead, you need to adjust the composition so you can maintain an amorphous phase even at reasonable cooling rates.
@@smashgambits BUT YOU FORGETT THAT even ferrite has crystaline structure so you can't make this from solid
@@martin11844 Of course ferrite has a crystal structure? Almost every solid has a crystal structure--the absence of this crystal structure is the definition of "glass."
OK, but how is it made ? i mean how do you evacuate heat from a chunk of metal at that high rate ? like that lump looks like at least 1 KG and to cool soooo quickly how ? like dunk it in Liquid N2 ? thin filims yes but how do u make a chunk of this material ? wont the insides be in crystalline while the outside is amorphous ?
You don't cool it quickly, you manipulate the mixing entropy or the alloy by adding more and more different elements, increasing the mixing entropy to the point that it is to high that the spontaneous crystallization of the alloy becomes thermodynamically unfavorable even under slow cooling.
That is why bulk metallic glasses are always alloys to several, sometimes more than 10 or 20 different elements.
What is the practical application of this experiment?
Space Drive.
In war for example, armor and kinetic penetrators would improve a lot.
In civilian application? Wheels of high speed trains, bearings with reduced friction, etc.,
Basically any application where you need high hardness and extremely low friction coefficients.
Why doesn't this have more views!
There's a few who wish to expand their knowledge, many more here can't help but display their lack of it.
fantastic!
can light pass through metallic glass???
as due to absence of periodicity of atomic arrangement
thank you sir
No, it's actually not the periodic arrangement that stops light--it's the bonding (as in, quantum mechanics). Take SiO2, which can be amorphous (window glass) or crystalline (quartz). Both are transparent.
Roughly speaking, light can be reflected, absorbed, or unaffected by the atomic structure. What happens to light depends on the wavelength, which is why things have color (because that wavelength is reflected instead of absorbed). In window glass, lower energy light (visible light) has a wavelength too large to interact with the glass, so it passes right through. Higher energy light (UV) has a wavelength which does interact with the glass, and gets absorbed.
@@smashgambits tell us if maybe an alloy could get to be transparent, i want a wire of it (i think there should be some combination to it
@@martin11844 Metals are defined as "metals" because they have overlapping conduction and valence bands (i.e. no band gap). Since there is no band gap, there is no wavelength of light that can "fit through" the band gap. So with our current understanding of physics, a transparent metal is impossible.
However, there has been recent research done in transparent conductors (which should be impossible for the same reason) so I suppose it's possible we might one day make a transparent metal.
Skip to 3:15 for the action. If you want to hear the 3 mins explanation watch it all from the beginning.
nice tie!
+Dadi Ghidut which is now obsolete
Fascinating!
why aren't amorphous metals extremely brittle?
maybe the sea of electron in between the atoms C: because you have to remeber that silicon (the element) is a ''metal'', but glass is a ceramic, (oxygen) ceramics are amorphous materials (oxygen) just like you could say that a ruby wich is made of alumminum (has structure is cristalyne) but it has oxygen so maybe even if you heat treated it to make it glass it wouldn't be too strong in comparission with the cristalyne one, maybe even less, i don't know, but the key should be on the oxygen prescence
so basically this is Vibranium from Captain Americas shield?
ok now TREAT the BALL with that stuff as well
can we make amorphous metal ammunition?
I would think you would want amorphous metal armor. Since the amorphous structure would deform then I suspect more energy would be transferred from the amorphous projectile into a crystalline structure and back into the amorphous projectile (force applied has equal force pushing back until energy limit of structure is reached). But maybe I'm thinking about it incorrectly.
stop thinking about ammo, or we will get yA'll
we are tired, in latin america, in gaza, in africa, we need to stop ''you people''
same heavy as a regular metal
but metalllic glass ''wire'' ''weaved'' kind of structures.... we can't even imagine how strong that could be
Just drop the freaking ball already lmao
I'd bet you broke your Christmas toys in seconds. 8D
😮
This guy really sounds like Verne Troyer.
RIP.
I invented Intelligent Alloy .
I'm here to know what kind of technology Elon Musk used on his Cybertruck.
What is the use of this ?
It would make near perfect armor.
Alyas Grey No it wouldnt cause a shell going 1000m/s wont bounce like that
Swords
Milos Ljubicic It will allow to build very tall buildings and super strong bridges, this material is 10 times lighter and 250 stronger than steel.
Art Maknev This information seems to be stupid :/
T-1000 has become obsolete.
so this would be good for a baseball bat?
i wan't to know if i could ask for some specific type of sample to research an application....
juggling balls
Vibranium
crystalline metal with carbon or diamond like structure with strong bonding strength are much better than any amorphous metals. Its the way it connects to the other atoms that tells how much the atom can slip around. For example the symmetrical 4 point atomic bonding that form a perfect radial "honeycomb" like atomic structure. Because we use things like that.
So far human can only able to manipulate materials/atom from external means.
your people don't even know multiplanar atomic structure. Don't try to talk smart with me, human. It makes you look like an idiot. as i said, WE HAVE USED STUFF I SAID. And it better than anything your species can muster currently through inertia which you currently can only achieve through means of external forces. We CONSTRUCT ATOMS. Understand the level of difference. From there you should know what depth of knowing we already been into. Stick to your limited control on your science.
You must be americans. only americans think they know everything.
thats what people say when they cant digest some knowledge. "insane".
Light and other materials could force through gaps however, and how do you address hardness to brittleness? Crystalline metals are susceptible to breaking easier, I suppose bonding would help but under extreme conditions the chemical bonds are bound to change
1000 😄
Fast Show, anyone? :D
repetitive from the demonstration already done at Wisconsin uni.
WHY THE EFF SO MANY MEAN COMMENTARIES
2:02 "pretty boring"
Rather LOOOOOOONG explanation of highly tempered metal.
Still, was something I didn't know could be done to that degree,
IF game Pong ball & paddles were made of this.. WHOO-WEE!
tempering is done on solid materials, DUH, THIS IS MADE FROM LIQUID TO SOLID
HE HAS A LAB COAT MAAAN
@@fm00078 hey, stay curious man, dont let peoples negativity get you down. theyre insecure about their own intelligence so feel the need to say shit like 'duh'
@@elliotskunk I know about their ignorance(s), getting it a lot past few years.
This current world of 'immediate HATE' is getting most people shak'n their heads. It's the kind of reaction, that when fed up, causes mass destruction. DJT has a exemplary amount of patience = amazing.
Make a Captain America Shield out of this!!
PLEASE MAKE A CAPTAIN AMERICA SHIELD!!!!!
"A movement of dislocation ... the dislocation is going to move" - But isn't the dislocation itself the result of MATERIAL being moved? Seriously, what the fuck are you talking about??
Shit vdeo