This is an outstanding introduction to and overview of the subject. None of this information existed when I entered medical school 58 years ago! Video clips like these are transforming education, and notably medical education. I am a great fan of the Khan Academy, but your talk is much better that theirs (MHO, obviously).
Oh my god! I have been having a hard time to understand! This instructor is amazing, he explain very clear and easy to understand ! Very Sophisticated!
you are a GENIUS Andrey seriously ! English is not even my mother tongue( i'm studying in Paris) but you make everything so clear and concise , i passed my biochem class thanks to you during the first semester and now you are helping me with physio and biology , thanks you so much for the effort and work that you put in all theses videos I'm more then grateful ! Wish you all the best .
your lecture videos are always 100 simplified ,easy to understand and amazing.I have been watching videos on you tube but i have never seen anyone close to the standard of your videos.your videos have been really helpful.Thank you for a Job well done
I can never thank u enough for this great vd. U made it so easy . U are my saver every single time . I know I can find any thing that I want in ur channel. Thank u sir From algeria
Thanks for the great videos. I like how they are broken down into sections because it makes it easier to just watch the parts you don't fully understand.
i have never understand this lesson befor >>thanks to your lecture you made it easier for me to understand well ..thank you very much ...god bless you ^_^
Thank you for this video, i just want to ask you about the Treg (regulatory) you didn't spoke about it in this video, can you please explain more about this generation of T cells, I would lik to understand more about that especially when we have an HIV infection! thank you.
I thought we learn in class that dendritic cells are the innate immune cells that bridge the adaptive in which they present MHCII with antigen to T cells? This is why I was confused as to why there are 2 other APCs when we get told in class dendritic cells are the cells that travel to lymph to activate T cells
It's so nice to finally find someone who explains difficult subjects the way I understand them! But I'm just a bit puzzled about the APC (in this case a macrophage), but at my university they say the Dendritic Cells (DCs) present the proteins and mediate between the helper T-cells and the Cytotoxic T-cells. Can I just 'replace' Macrophage with Dendritic Cells, or is that a whole other story?
First of all this is so nice explanation😍😍bt i have 1 doubt. Does only activated T helper cells can interact with B cells?? Inactivated T helpers always need to interact with macrophage first??
Question: How do the B lymphocytes after Step 5 already have something bound to the MHC II complex? In other words, where do those ligands come from? Are they from the current infection or from previous interaction with a similar infection?
because b cell already engulf the same pathogen . and those pathogen already break down into peptide and it then display on mhc class 2 on its surface.
Thanks for information. Just wondering, if the original antigen presenting cell e.g. macrophage has ingested a bacteria and presents this bacterial antigen to activate a helper T cell, which then combines with an similarly bacterial presenting B lymphocyte leading to the eventual production of B lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cell, how would this cytotoxic T cell that binds to antigens on a MCH class 1 infected cells eg. from a virus, have acquired the specificity for a virus?
Just amazing. thanks, you really helped me alot. But I was just wondering if you could share the notes at which you're illustrating so that I could print them?
+Amira Shaban Thats a work in progress, i hope to have that on my website site eventually. unfortunately, that requires times and funds and those are hard to come around nowadays.
I have many questionsn for this topic. For example, why the B-leucocythes have the bacterial antigen at the time the T-Helper Leucocytes binds the B-leucocythes....
I have a doubt - I understood the part where the macrophage breaks the bacteria and removes the antigen from the bacteria onto its surface, but where does the b-lymphocyte get its antigen from - when did it interact with the pathogen?
Neutrophils release their antigens into the tissues. From there, the antigens migrate to the lymph nodes where they meet the B-cell with the correct B-cell receptor.
How are you able to retain very vast knowledge of information? I'm just a normal person. But how can I be like you? I want to become as efficient as you.
i am not sure if this is what you mean but yes according to my knowledge as soon as the t-cell is activated it can divide multiply and differentiate into different cells, including cytotoxic t-cell the t cell once activated can divide to form different t-cells including more helper t-cells that release ILK-2 to stimulate other t-cells and ILK-4 which stimulate the proliferation of other b-cell. some also become memory t-cells some also become suppresser t-cells. also cytotoxic t-cells.
If only 10% of teachers and professors around the globe were as clear and amazing at teaching as you are the word would be a better place.
This is an outstanding introduction to and overview of the subject. None of this information existed when I entered medical school 58 years ago! Video clips like these are transforming education, and notably medical education. I am a great fan of the Khan Academy, but your talk is much better that theirs (MHO, obviously).
Thanks Dana! Wow - 58 years ago! Medical school must have been so different back then :)
Thanks AK lectures your videos are great
he is the best..
He is awesome! Many helpful videos.
Agree on all points.
Oh my god! I have been having a hard time to understand! This instructor is amazing, he explain very clear and easy to understand ! Very Sophisticated!
Splendid as always! :) 5:00 for clear picture
you are a GENIUS Andrey seriously ! English is not even my mother tongue( i'm studying in Paris) but you make everything so clear and concise , i passed my biochem class thanks to you during the first semester and now you are helping me with physio and biology , thanks you so much for the effort and work that you put in all theses videos I'm more then grateful ! Wish you all the best .
God ! Finally I understood this ! Tomorrow I'll make a presentation about immune system
This helped me alot 🖤
Thank u !
This was explained very clearly. Usually I have to stop and play back on such subject matter and this just went right in. Thank you!
This was great, and tied some loose ends together. Thank you, I hope you continue to build on your work here!
your lecture videos are always 100 simplified ,easy to understand and amazing.I have been watching videos on you tube but i have never seen anyone close to the standard of your videos.your videos have been really helpful.Thank you for a Job well done
I can never thank u enough for this great vd. U made it so easy . U are my saver every single time . I know I can find any thing that I want in ur channel. Thank u sir
From algeria
Thank you so much, you're better than my teacher that has been teaching me for a year !
You explain this better then some of the doctors on UA-cam.
This is everything I wanted to know. I got my many doubts cleared from this single video.. you are a good teacher
Thanks for the great videos. I like how they are broken down into sections because it makes it easier to just watch the parts you don't fully understand.
when you finally understand you want to cry ❤
You are a real asset for all of us ! Thank you one million times
I'm grateful to you you made the subject much more easier
"what that means is" love it when he says that
or "in just a moment" hahah
Really you are amazing and deserves Noble Prize
You are just amazing💯👍🏼, you explained so perfecrtly👍🏼 , Thank u very much!!
3 hours for our lecturer to explain this. and i didnt even understand it. Thank you.
You saved my life bro
جدا شكرا جزيلا 💙💙💙💙
Alot of love sir ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
i have never understand this lesson befor >>thanks to your lecture you made it easier for me to understand well ..thank you very much ...god bless you ^_^
Amazing, all in one breath!!
Such a great video! Thank you :)
Wow! Incredible! Great job!
Very nice and simple lecture. Thank you.
You’re the best here on UA-cam ❤️
Great introduction. Thanks a lot !!
this is just too good thannk you 😌
thank you.......really thank you so much ,this video helped me alot
With your video, I can have complete understand about immune system defences
Excellent teacher!! Thanks!!
Just soooooo helpful
Great video thnk u
One word: PERFECT!
Thanks a lot.
Wow. Good job. That was a great video.
Wow, you explained a GOD question
Thank you so much 🙏🙏🙏
Thank you for this video, i just want to ask you about the Treg (regulatory) you didn't spoke about it in this video, can you please explain more about this generation of T cells, I would lik to understand more about that especially when we have an HIV infection! thank you.
That's very amazing think you doctor💜💜
Thank You !!!
I thought we learn in class that dendritic cells are the innate immune cells that bridge the adaptive in which they present MHCII with antigen to T cells? This is why I was confused as to why there are 2 other APCs when we get told in class dendritic cells are the cells that travel to lymph to activate T cells
Antigen presenting cells include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-cells.
You're great
Thank you very much sir, God bless you sir 🙏.
Thanks so much for this video! You made it very clear and insightful! #microbiologyexam4istoday
It's so nice to finally find someone who explains difficult subjects the way I understand them! But I'm just a bit puzzled about the APC (in this case a macrophage), but at my university they say the Dendritic Cells (DCs) present the proteins and mediate between the helper T-cells and the Cytotoxic T-cells. Can I just 'replace' Macrophage with Dendritic Cells, or is that a whole other story?
Dendritic cells found in the tissues of the skin, lungs and GI tract. Interchangeable in examples but I'd like to think it is question dependant.
First of all this is so nice explanation😍😍bt i have 1 doubt. Does only activated T helper cells can interact with B cells?? Inactivated T helpers always need to interact with macrophage first??
none of my biology professors are as good as you
best video ever
Very nice, thank you very much
thank you so much AK
Question: How do the B lymphocytes after Step 5 already have something bound to the MHC II complex? In other words, where do those ligands come from? Are they from the current infection or from previous interaction with a similar infection?
if anyone knows, please answer!
because b cell already engulf the same pathogen . and those pathogen already break down into peptide and it then display on mhc class 2 on its surface.
Thanks for information. Just wondering, if the original antigen presenting cell e.g. macrophage has ingested a bacteria and presents this bacterial antigen to activate a helper T cell, which then combines with an similarly bacterial presenting B lymphocyte leading to the eventual production of B lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cell, how would this cytotoxic T cell that binds to antigens on a MCH class 1 infected cells eg. from a virus, have acquired the specificity for a virus?
Thank u so so much! U are doing great!! Please keep going! : )
Fantastic 👍🏽😀😀thx
Just amazing. thanks, you really helped me alot. But I was just wondering if you could share the notes at which you're illustrating so that I could print them?
+Amira Shaban Thats a work in progress, i hope to have that on my website site eventually. unfortunately, that requires times and funds and those are hard to come around nowadays.
Oh alright. Really waiting for this website. Thanks so much anyways :).
Helpfull thank you very mush
I have many questionsn for this topic. For example, why the B-leucocythes have the bacterial antigen at the time the T-Helper Leucocytes binds the B-leucocythes....
B lymphocytes have receptors that will bind the antigen floating in body that released by pathogen.
love it love all of them will be recommending!
thank you so much
I have a doubt - I understood the part where the macrophage breaks the bacteria and removes the antigen from the bacteria onto its surface, but where does the b-lymphocyte get its antigen from - when did it interact with the pathogen?
Neutrophils release their antigens into the tissues. From there, the antigens migrate to the lymph nodes where they meet the B-cell with the correct B-cell receptor.
Thanks alot
How are you able to retain very vast knowledge of information? I'm just a normal person. But how can I be like you? I want to become as efficient as you.
One thing is not clear how lymphocytes B MHC II WICH IS STILL INACTIVE bind to the antigen which is colored in red ?
So basically B cells do the same thing as macrophages (first part) i.e. engulf breakdown and present antigens.?
I love it
Thank.you.very.much.sir.
wow, thanks alot
great
nice video , but i was curious about what is exactly effector cell and blast cell. ? anyone know ?
Can plz someone help my out
Is'nt Macrophage with MHC type 2 attaches with the b lymphocytes rather than t helper cell
Does an HIV hometest kit contain antigens that can infect a person?
Do helper Tcell possess ability to produce cytotoxic the cell directly..
2 . what is the function of T cell rather than producing cytotoxic t cell?
i am not sure if this is what you mean but yes according to my knowledge as soon as the t-cell is activated it can divide multiply and differentiate into different cells, including cytotoxic t-cell
the t cell once activated can divide to form different t-cells including more helper t-cells that release ILK-2 to stimulate other t-cells and ILK-4 which stimulate the proliferation of other b-cell. some also become memory t-cells some also become suppresser t-cells. also cytotoxic t-cells.
is he saying Lucozade or Lymphocyte?
activa los subtítulos bro
Lysozyme and not lysosome
no captions available ??? i am DEAF
Hehe simplified!! 😂😂😂
In hindi