We owe Frederick II an eternal debt of gratitude. He almost singlehandedly ended the Dark Ages in Europe imposed by the Catholic Church. There's a Museum Secrets episode that features him. Thanks for posting!
Didn't the Normans themselves fight in southern Italy to preserve and expand Catholicism, to restore the catholic way of life in Sicily. Wasn't it the Pope who asked the Normans to arrive in Sicily to rid Sicily of the Saracens (who were threatening Europe), after 100 years? Wasn't it the tutors (an expensive retinue for a 14 year old child - his teachers) that the Pope assigned to Frederick's court who educated Frederick and guided him to illustrious power? Wasn't it the act of the Pope who groomed Frederick and earlier, his illiterate father, so that they could reign with wisdom. Making them the "Emperors of the HOLY Roman Empire".
johnny vine You are well-versed on this subject! Would you please comment on the church's condemnation of the scientific method? My understanding was that the church insisted that the earth was flat, and anybody who said it wasn't was a heretic, so they began to turn against all scientific study especially if it led to conclusions other than those sanctioned by the church.
countmein33 Wrong wrong and wrong. All of these actually are modern superstitions, not actually the medieval reality. It actually was the church that preserved all the books on science, philosophy and all those things that would have otherwise been lost. Also it actually was the church that supported and paid scientists. Apart from us actually knowing all that stuff, think about it. Can you think of any good reason why the church would try to convince anyone that the earth was flat? And that also had already been general knowledge since about, I think, 400 B.C. Actually you are the one falling victim to rumors and superstitions here.
The documentary is excellent and brings to the forelight which was the probable trigger of Renaissance, or at least its oldest and most fundamental influence. Sadly it does not deal with the controversies: was Frederick II an atheist or just a deist? How did he manage to get away with that in such a dogmatic time? It seems apparent that by keeping the Pope's head low once and again but this is not very much discussed in the documentary, only vaguely. It's also not discussed "the most important question of all": would he have been able to defeat the Mongols if they dared to attack rather than pull back as they actually did? ;-)
@@gscasale7772 - My take is that Frederick would have won. I have argued that more recently in some other video (wow, three years have passed already!) The Mongols actually suffered some lesser defeats when attacking Poland and Czechoslovakia and the terrain of Central Europe begins not being anymore the Mongol ideal battlefield (open plains). The Mongols didn't know the land, they were far away from their home base, and the land was full of castles and fortified cities and towns. Also Frederick was a military badass and his reign is the apex of the Holy Roman Empire, a time when it was clearly the European hegemon and a huge and aptly named Empire, unlike the mockery it was made of it later on. But who knows? What I'm pretty sure is that if the HRE fell then, nothing would have impeded the Mongols from taking all Europe.
@@Zakariya3603 - The more I learn on the Mongols and European military in those days, the more clear it is that the Mongols would have been defeated... as they actually were, not even by Germany-HRE but by smaller states like Hungary and Poland (in secondary attempts of conquest). My impression is that, once Genghis Khan was dead, their power was already declining. Temujin was a true genius and his subordinates and sons were good... but not really that good. Also Europe was not their kind of environment (steppe-like) but hills and forests, with lots of castles and sophisticated armored troops. On the other hand there was some degree of alliance in West Asia but not as you imagine, rather Christians allied with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Byzantine Emperor even gave one of his daughters (an illegitimate one, Despina) as wife to Abaqa Khan of the Ilkhanate, while the crusader states were delighted to see the Mongols attacking their foes from behind. However eventually the Western Mongols converted to Islam, much as their Turkic predecessors had done in many cases, and then the cooperation ended (also Mongols began to decline, except their Indian and Chinese branches).
2:16 - Here is a fault! The son of Frederick I Barbarossa was *Henry VI* and not "Richard VI" ! And 2:35 again the same fault: the father of the Frederick II was *Henry VI* !
Some opera, so not what the other answers here. It's in Italian, so my guess would be Vivaldi, but no idea (I generally dislike opera: it's like chalkboard scratching to my ears).
It's from the Ode to Joy, in the 9th Symphony by Beethoven. The words are (translated from German): Joy, thou shining spark of God, Daughter of Elysium, With fiery rapture, goddess, We approach thy shrine! Your magic reunites those Whom stern custom has parted; All men will become brothers Under your protective wing. Let the man who has had the fortune To be a helper to his friend, And the man who has won a noble woman, Join in our chorus of jubilation! Yes, even if he holds but one soul As his own in all the world! But let the man who knows nothing of this Steal away alone and in sorrow. All the world's creatures draw Draughts of joy from nature; Both the just and the unjust Follow in her gentle footsteps. She gave us kisses and wine And a friend loyal unto death; She gave the joy of life to the lowliest, And to the angels who dwell with God. Joyous, as His suns speed Through the glorious order of Heaven, Hasten, brothers, on your way Exultant as a knight victorious. Be embraced, all ye millions! With a kiss for all the world! Brothers, beyond the stars Surely dwells a loving Father. Do you kneel before Him, oh millions? Do you feel the Creator's presence? Seek Him beyond the stars! He must dwell beyond the stars.
14 he doesnt mess around. Look a very cool openminded King, bet he didnt listen to Counsellers :) Kodoos fro HIM, not many Presidents bring so much. (Patriot act....) Vive les vrais Rois qualifiés qui existaient il y longtemps.
See, if you can, Museum Secrets episode called How A Falcon Brought the Dark Ages Into the Light. The museum is the Kunsthishistorisches Museum in Vienna. In 1220 the belief was that the sun revolved around the earth, and anybody who disagreed was considered a heretic and risked burning at the stake. During Frederick II's pope-ordered crusade to Jerusalem, the Arabs showed him astronomy & engineering & training to ask questions (scientific method). He published results on falconry by the Arabs. He brought the scientific method from the Middle East to Europe, and the church couldn't do anything about it.
It was such a weak state and mostly a diplomatic win. That's why many Christian monarchs and the Pope were against this plus him having been considered religiously unorthodox.
@@shootgunMarvel I think it shows him as an independent thinker who was willing to be realistic and creative. It's like screw you Pope, I just got results while just simply negotiating with the enemy. I admire it.
The map on mongol spread to Europe reaches too far - absolutely NOT that far north - like Finland or even very near by. There were never mongols that far north, period. Weather that was because it gets really rather snow filled up there or because the forests were dense both of which do not support well the open steppes style fighting on horse back across vast open lands (such just don't exist north) or if that's cause no-one up north was exceptionally wealthy - idk - but the reality is that mongols never reached that far. In more southern parts where Russian or Slavs are at - there yes. It was Russians who would also take war prisoners out of Finno-Ugric tribes keeping and selling people to slavery (last recorded time was early 1700s). The point being that Finnish culture also is free of any mongol influence - while especially Russian ruler-ship-culture is NOT. (Not to be mixed with common people's culture!!) Together with some later factors, leading to situation where the nation always had ended up lead by 'strong men' who hold too much power in their hands and having bribery as structural feature of the government even today. (This info is from the kind of analysis on how a nation most likely will end up governed - the way intelligence services tend to do it. I am no pro to explain it better, but I have watched military intelligence related, analysis based, university lecture on this very topic on Russia. The influence even visible in language, with examples like there being three different words for 'truth' - few of which DO NOT actually mean 'truth', but one for example saying things as truth never mind if they are, when it is beneficial for one's own group of people, not simply nationally, but also within the country itself. Aka 'political truth'. Which relates for example to how Putin is even today using propaganda, attempting to work it on other countries in the world and notably also on his own people.)
as a reminder,. when they speak about aragon crown, this not their real name, aragon flag originally arent catalan(4 red bars over yellow shield) so the correct name is aragon/catalonia kingdom stop lying about history
For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. (Romans 6:23) Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God. (James 4:4) And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent: (Acts 17:30)
Started watching .. expecting it to be professional and then within the first 3 minutes twice : RICHARD the 6-th !!!!! An Holy Roman Emperor by the name of Richard - Don't make historical videos if you lack even basic knowledge.... use that time to learn yourself in stead of misguiding others... shame!!!!
:D Your right. It was Heinrich VI. not Richard. They mixed up the names. Richard was the name of the English king who was captured by Henry VI. The reason for the capture of the English king was due to an affront, a serious insult at the siege of Acre, when Richard conquered the fortress together with Leopold while still on crusade. But the rest of the show was not so bad. I wish maybe Netflix or another Label produce on some day a huge Story about the great Friedrich II. von Staufen.
Hey, this guy Frederic II sounds like an real example of Plato's Philosopher King. Good show!
Thank you very much - I am writing a novel based in these times and I appreciate the knowledge you impart so freely
read "The Saracen Blade" by Frank Yerby. Frederick is a main character of the story.
Is your book out yet? Title pls?
@@gscasale7772 thanks for the interest - I have been very slow - still a work in progress!
I’m very proud to be a Norman Viking Descendent which The King was also Norman as well! Viking Power influences span the Planet!
me too! i'm from sicily
He was more Italian than anything else
He was half Norman on his mothers side and his mother committed actions against her family the normans. He is half german on his fathers side.
This is my 22nd great grandfather and I wanted to learn more about him, so thank you!
I wonder why so many people are related to medieval monarchs? 😅
Thank you Alvaro. Very fine film.
Thank you - never even heard of him. Magnificent - compared with today’s Western dwarfs-politicians
The son of Fredrick I who marries Constance of Sicily is Henry VI, not Richard VI. Just to clarify!
Thank you so much for this! Beautiful overview. It is really a great film.
Muy Buen documental, gracias!
Very interesting.
We owe Frederick II an eternal debt of gratitude. He almost singlehandedly ended the Dark Ages in Europe imposed by the Catholic Church. There's a Museum Secrets episode that features him. Thanks for posting!
*tips fedora
I don't understand why you think the dark ages were imposed by the Catholic Church? Strange thing to say.
Didn't the Normans themselves fight in southern Italy to preserve and expand Catholicism, to restore the catholic way of life in Sicily. Wasn't it the Pope who asked the Normans to arrive in Sicily to rid Sicily of the Saracens (who were threatening Europe), after 100 years? Wasn't it the tutors (an expensive retinue for a 14 year old child - his teachers) that the Pope assigned to Frederick's court who educated Frederick and guided him to illustrious power? Wasn't it the act of the Pope who groomed Frederick and earlier, his illiterate father, so that they could reign with wisdom. Making them the "Emperors of the HOLY Roman Empire".
johnny vine You are well-versed on this subject! Would you please comment on the church's condemnation of the scientific method? My understanding was that the church insisted that the earth was flat, and anybody who said it wasn't was a heretic, so they began to turn against all scientific study especially if it led to conclusions other than those sanctioned by the church.
countmein33 Wrong wrong and wrong. All of these actually are modern superstitions, not actually the medieval reality. It actually was the church that preserved all the books on science, philosophy and all those things that would have otherwise been lost. Also it actually was the church that supported and paid scientists. Apart from us actually knowing all that stuff, think about it. Can you think of any good reason why the church would try to convince anyone that the earth was flat? And that also had already been general knowledge since about, I think, 400 B.C. Actually you are the one falling victim to rumors and superstitions here.
Very interesting. Thank you for posting.
The man that reformed medieval principals
A remarkable man, a man of culture.
The documentary is excellent and brings to the forelight which was the probable trigger of Renaissance, or at least its oldest and most fundamental influence.
Sadly it does not deal with the controversies: was Frederick II an atheist or just a deist? How did he manage to get away with that in such a dogmatic time? It seems apparent that by keeping the Pope's head low once and again but this is not very much discussed in the documentary, only vaguely.
It's also not discussed "the most important question of all": would he have been able to defeat the Mongols if they dared to attack rather than pull back as they actually did? ;-)
Great commentary. I, too, wonder about the Mongols, who were contemporary.
@@gscasale7772 - My take is that Frederick would have won. I have argued that more recently in some other video (wow, three years have passed already!) The Mongols actually suffered some lesser defeats when attacking Poland and Czechoslovakia and the terrain of Central Europe begins not being anymore the Mongol ideal battlefield (open plains). The Mongols didn't know the land, they were far away from their home base, and the land was full of castles and fortified cities and towns.
Also Frederick was a military badass and his reign is the apex of the Holy Roman Empire, a time when it was clearly the European hegemon and a huge and aptly named Empire, unlike the mockery it was made of it later on.
But who knows? What I'm pretty sure is that if the HRE fell then, nothing would have impeded the Mongols from taking all Europe.
@@LuisAldamiz Would the Mongols have defeated the Franks? It would have been pretty funny to see a Frankish-Moorish alliance against the Golden horde.
@@Zakariya3603 - The more I learn on the Mongols and European military in those days, the more clear it is that the Mongols would have been defeated... as they actually were, not even by Germany-HRE but by smaller states like Hungary and Poland (in secondary attempts of conquest). My impression is that, once Genghis Khan was dead, their power was already declining. Temujin was a true genius and his subordinates and sons were good... but not really that good. Also Europe was not their kind of environment (steppe-like) but hills and forests, with lots of castles and sophisticated armored troops.
On the other hand there was some degree of alliance in West Asia but not as you imagine, rather Christians allied with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Byzantine Emperor even gave one of his daughters (an illegitimate one, Despina) as wife to Abaqa Khan of the Ilkhanate, while the crusader states were delighted to see the Mongols attacking their foes from behind. However eventually the Western Mongols converted to Islam, much as their Turkic predecessors had done in many cases, and then the cooperation ended (also Mongols began to decline, except their Indian and Chinese branches).
thank you! this helped me a lot for my presentation..
It's great = Medieval twilight of the cultural spring
After 24 years on this earth I think I finally have a hero
2:16 - Here is a fault! The son of Frederick I Barbarossa was *Henry VI* and not "Richard VI" ! And 2:35 again the same fault: the father of the Frederick II was *Henry VI* !
Very cool.
Can someone translate the obituary at the end? I can make out most of it surprisingly but not the end
Silly question: What's the piece of music at the end called?
Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven.
Some opera, so not what the other answers here. It's in Italian, so my guess would be Vivaldi, but no idea (I generally dislike opera: it's like chalkboard scratching to my ears).
It's literally a fragment of Ode to Joy.
It's from the Ode to Joy, in the 9th Symphony by Beethoven. The words are (translated from German):
Joy, thou shining spark of God,
Daughter of Elysium,
With fiery rapture, goddess,
We approach thy shrine!
Your magic reunites those
Whom stern custom has parted;
All men will become brothers
Under your protective wing.
Let the man who has had the fortune
To be a helper to his friend,
And the man who has won a noble woman,
Join in our chorus of jubilation!
Yes, even if he holds but one soul
As his own in all the world!
But let the man who knows nothing of this
Steal away alone and in sorrow.
All the world's creatures draw
Draughts of joy from nature;
Both the just and the unjust
Follow in her gentle footsteps.
She gave us kisses and wine
And a friend loyal unto death;
She gave the joy of life to the lowliest,
And to the angels who dwell with God.
Joyous, as His suns speed
Through the glorious order of Heaven,
Hasten, brothers, on your way
Exultant as a knight victorious.
Be embraced, all ye millions!
With a kiss for all the world!
Brothers, beyond the stars
Surely dwells a loving Father.
Do you kneel before Him, oh millions?
Do you feel the Creator's presence?
Seek Him beyond the stars!
He must dwell beyond the stars.
Michael Scott, royal astronomer/ GM at Dunder Mifflin Paper Co
14 he doesnt mess around. Look a very cool openminded King, bet he didnt listen to Counsellers :) Kodoos fro HIM, not many Presidents bring so much. (Patriot act....) Vive les vrais Rois qualifiés qui existaient il y longtemps.
24:55 it's the Egyptian Dr. David Nieman!
David Nieman was a Russian-born Jew, not an Egyptian. 😁
The son of Frederick I was Henry VI, not Richard VI. If you're going to make a video, at least get the names right. Smh...
But this is about the II
Bad translation onsome parts. Very informative too ol give it a 7 out of 10
See, if you can, Museum Secrets episode called How A Falcon Brought the Dark Ages Into the Light. The museum is the Kunsthishistorisches Museum in Vienna. In 1220 the belief was that the sun revolved around the earth, and anybody who disagreed was considered a heretic and risked burning at the stake. During Frederick II's pope-ordered crusade to Jerusalem, the Arabs showed him astronomy & engineering & training to ask questions (scientific method). He published results on falconry by the Arabs. He brought the scientific method from the Middle East to Europe, and the church couldn't do anything about it.
The first European
@Mello Grdd no
13:38 ITS DANNY DEVITO
This guy must be cool... Take back Jerusalem's for Christianity without fighting.. 😮😮😲😲 😂😂 must be something
It was such a weak state and mostly a diplomatic win. That's why many Christian monarchs and the Pope were against this plus him having been considered religiously unorthodox.
@@stevenv6463 right, but the fact that he convinced the muslims to hand over Jerusalem to him cant be overlooked.
@@shootgunMarvel I think it shows him as an independent thinker who was willing to be realistic and creative. It's like screw you Pope, I just got results while just simply negotiating with the enemy. I admire it.
The map on mongol spread to Europe reaches too far - absolutely NOT that far north - like Finland or even very near by. There were never mongols that far north, period. Weather that was because it gets really rather snow filled up there or because the forests were dense both of which do not support well the open steppes style fighting on horse back across vast open lands (such just don't exist north) or if that's cause no-one up north was exceptionally wealthy - idk - but the reality is that mongols never reached that far. In more southern parts where Russian or Slavs are at - there yes.
It was Russians who would also take war prisoners out of Finno-Ugric tribes keeping and selling people to slavery (last recorded time was early 1700s). The point being that Finnish culture also is free of any mongol influence - while especially Russian ruler-ship-culture is NOT. (Not to be mixed with common people's culture!!) Together with some later factors, leading to situation where the nation always had ended up lead by 'strong men' who hold too much power in their hands and having bribery as structural feature of the government even today. (This info is from the kind of analysis on how a nation most likely will end up governed - the way intelligence services tend to do it. I am no pro to explain it better, but I have watched military intelligence related, analysis based, university lecture on this very topic on Russia. The influence even visible in language, with examples like there being three different words for 'truth' - few of which DO NOT actually mean 'truth', but one for example saying things as truth never mind if they are, when it is beneficial for one's own group of people, not simply nationally, but also within the country itself. Aka 'political truth'. Which relates for example to how Putin is even today using propaganda, attempting to work it on other countries in the world and notably also on his own people.)
two fingers to boris / rees mogg
Interesting, yet superficial and cheap analysis...
Bridge Worlds, World History Purcell?
as a reminder,. when they speak about aragon crown, this not their real name, aragon flag originally arent catalan(4 red bars over yellow shield) so the correct name is aragon/catalonia kingdom
stop lying about history
For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. (Romans 6:23)
Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God. (James 4:4)
And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent: (Acts 17:30)
Started watching .. expecting it to be professional and then within the first 3 minutes twice : RICHARD the 6-th !!!!! An Holy Roman Emperor by the name of Richard - Don't make historical videos if you lack even basic knowledge.... use that time to learn yourself in stead of misguiding others... shame!!!!
:D Your right. It was Heinrich VI. not Richard. They mixed up the names. Richard was the name of the English king who was captured by Henry VI. The reason for the capture of the English king was due to an affront, a serious insult at the siege of Acre, when Richard conquered the fortress together with Leopold while still on crusade. But the rest of the show was not so bad. I wish maybe Netflix or another Label produce on some day a huge Story about the great Friedrich II. von Staufen.