Our Patreon community is growing and we couldn't be more excited! As we grow, we're planning to expand into more content with Astrum Answers, stay tuned and don't forget to sign up to be part of these changes! bit.ly/4aiJZNF
it is likely that deep underground there would be earth like pressures and temperatures multiple miles deep where there could also be liquid water. Syntrichia Caninervis moss if genetically modified to both be able to conduct photosynthesis, and chemosynthesis, then this moss could be used to seed its deep caverns as well as some parts of its surface, specifically areas with higher pressures and warmer temperatures. As a result of chemosynthesis, the break down of rocks done underground would release gases gradually increasing pressures. Many chemosynthesis using bacteria would also be necessary to seed into its caves. Mars has deeper caverns then earth, miles deeper, and those caverns would be where we would have to build our habitats.
to find liquid water on mars, it would likely be about 5-7 miles deep, with around 1-3 atmospheres of pressure at those depths and likely earth like temperatures ranging from around 50-160 degrees dependent upon the depth. Though this is theoretical. As mars has larger and deeper caverns compared to earth, it is likely there could be a lot more water then we think burred deep within the planet
Sounds like a fun new class for D&D tho! The Necromancer summons a lich and sics it on the dungeon boss... not impressed, the Wizard casts fireball and sets the boss on fire... the Astromancer calls them rookies as he does a gigaton orbital drop then makes the sun go supernova, just in case :P
@@matthorrocks6517 a bible re written by Constantine? A bible based off ancient Sumerian text? Mostly Christians reading the bible calling Jesus when his real name was Yeshua. Shall I go on? Keep your evangelism to yourself
Totally agree! I’m Professor of Microbiology at the University of Manchester with a passing interest in astrobiology and if life did emerge and it’s still there then deep surface lithophiles would be my bet. So exciting
Yes if life ever got started on Mars it's very hard to believe it's not still there....Personally I lean toward Abiogenesis being a process that happens deep underground then later migrates to the the surface. If Mars's surface becoming or even always having been uninhabitable wouldn't matter for life being on Mars now.
Molecular Biologist here, astrobiology is fascinating. Several researches suggest that 1) the majority of Earth's water is in the subterranean, not on oceans, and 2) Earth's biggest biomass is also in the same subterranean for. So, yeah, if life emerged on Mars in the past, all my bets are in the deep. Next, find an emergent pocket, else it will take a long time to drill them out.
I have read that the Martian regolith is full of hydrogen peroxide and perchlorates, making life nearly impossible. Maybe was there in the past if the soil composition was different.
If there is microbial life on Mars, it would be very interesting to see how genetically similar it is to that here on Earth. The same would apply to any microbes found on Venus or in its atmosphere.
I’ve been watching your show since close to the beginning and it’s amazing to see how far you’ve come. Thank you for continuing to give us this great content.
The Lowest elevation point on Mars is the Hellas Crater. Seem to me like that would have been the last place on Mars to have water on the surface. It would have had water for the longest period of time. Maybe we should look there.
He did comment on that saying that as the water evaporates more and more, the little water left would have high concentrations of salt. That would be unsuitable for life. That’s why his idea is to find life where it first could have formed and not the last place it could have been.
@@t16205 My sci-fi part makes me dream of a life that thrives in radiation. Photosynthesis is the absorption of photons, in a cascade of interactions that allow for small bits of energy to be stored in chemical bonds. If photon radiation, even hard radiation like gamma and x, could be slowed either in biological tissue or an combination of external factor and biological ones, hard-photosynthesis could be a reality for very-slow metabolism life.
@@BBBrasil That would be something! I think this will remain a dream unfortunately until humans are no more. But if we somehow learned to harness the radiation.. Who knows, maybe we will one day
I love watching your channel. The calm collected voice helps with absorbing the information. A lot of channels are very enthusiastic which I understand as they love the topics but can be distracting. By the way I am certain your read about the absolutly mind blowing discovery of dark oxygen? Oxygen created by rocks on the bottom of the sea without photosynthesis. That opens up a whole new way of biospheres with oxygen!
I'd say that Mars still has a lot of its original water quota. This is because as the atmosphere thinned out, most of it would have frozen and subsequently covered over with particles of regolith. There is seemingly a LOT of ice just under the surface, even in near-equatorial regions!
1,5% of the soil is made up of water ices, roughly atleast. I’d wager there is variance, especially around the equator due to it recieving more sublight and near the poles for the opposite reason. Issue is, ice so far as we know isn’t very useful in that solid state. Then again, it’s not something we know a great deal about outside of earth either.
@@yaldabaoth2 It does indeed, but then how do you explain the remaining water deposits on the Moon? .. and Mercury, for that matter? There should surely be none left at all.
@@BG101UK It's not "none" but you first claimed "a lot of its original water". How much is a lot? Mars had oceans and they are gone, blown away into space over billions of years. There's surely some water chemically bonded to minerals like you would find almost anywhere. That doesn't mean that melting tons of rocks for a glass of water is a feasible way of quenching thirst.
If there is water there is life so maybe the planet we know as Mars should be named Marce and the methane is just the big old Marce having a good fart. Toot Toot
When something is so fascinating, it's hard to comprehend how fascinating it is. I never even thought of discovering a new question we've never even thought to ask before. Which is almost more exciting than actually finding answers. Wonder and curiosity. Such amazing tools humans were able to grasp.
Thank you for great content and presentation. I agree with your hypothesis, especially since "retreating" deeper and deeper along lava vents seems completely viable.
To me as a layman, life appeared first when the sun's protodisk appeared, before planets existed. All the gases, light, circulation was there, which formed into the planets and their atmospheres. In this essence true life evolved and went on to the planets. So I would wager, that life is everywhere in the solar system, except not so visible and palpable like on Earth. The question is where can we exclude probability of life? Life may exist in so many places: Venus atmosphere, Mars subsurface, Europa subsurface water, Jupiter atmosphere, Saturn atmosphere, Pluto subsurface, and so on....
7:07 i love this song so much (Eternity - Stellardrone) it makes me feel like i'm floating through space, exploring mysterious different galaxies, stars and planets, drifting far far away into... Eternity
Life also requires a molten core and a magnetosphere and vulcanism all of which Mars had, so yes deep underground life is most likely. thanks for your work.
The thing that got me most surprise in this video is the fact that Astrum actually pronounce "Jezero" correctly . My respect sir as I know how hard is this to pronounce for an non native speaker. And from this I can see that he actually resect the thing he is presenting .
I've always pronounced it with the English J sound because that's what I heard the people at NASA always say. I never stopped and thought it might be pronounced as "Yezero." I will try to use the correct pronunciation from now on!
About time !!! Mars is like an orange !! On the outside it's rough and barren skin ... And to judge the whole of the orange by it's cover, (like a book...) is just a waste of time and completely wrong!! Especially if you haven't yet peeled the orange , to see what is actually inside !!
Every new episode is an opportunity to learn about all the "MechaGnisms" in this Universe. I love the way you mispronounce that word, and honestly, it sounds much better than the correct version. Please Alex, if you ever read this, keep saying it wrong. It brings me joy every time I hear it.
"Mars has methane which may indicate life. However, this is not definitive proof, as there are also non-organic ways to make methane”. This means that organic methane confirms the presence of life. However, abiogenic methane is produced from organic compounds that aren't related to organisms. And this process could be happening on Mars. So the correct statement would be, "Methane can also be produced from non-biogenic sources."
I used to be a tour guide in a cave. I loved it! Named my son after that cave. I feel sorry for people with disorders that prevent them from going into a cave. I won't pretend to understand, but I do really feel pain on their behalf. The wonders to be found that they miss... Just like I miss what is being found on Mars. It happens. Maybe someday my great-grandkids will see it for themselves. Or other descendants. But they can all go see that cave and other caves here on Earth in the meantime. I will live vicariously through videos on this channel because I will never leave Earth due to health.
Alex, I’m seeing this at 1.99 million subs. Wow! I remember I subbed when you only had a couple thousand. I prayed for your success and still continue to do so. Incredible, I’m so happy for you!
According to Al Gore, climate alarmists and democrats we are all suppose to be extinct today. You sound like someone who is easily conned, believe propaganda and can’t think for yourself.
funny thing that some people defend Starfields utter nonsense story about Earth's fate with "it happened to Mars too." With exactly the chain of events at 5:40. Only within 50 years...
I know our earth deserts do not compare with Mars but amazing all the life from coyotes, snakes, lizards to plants that rarely receive rainfall. Once a year these plants have enough energy stored to produce flowers.
Earth with its inhabitants is a unique cosmic organ and its impossible to expect life that exist in a form similar on earth if not different on these extremely different planets.
dreaming of clouds gathering on the horizon of Mars… and then slow rumble and then finally lightnings and then… after billions of years the first raindrops land on the surface… water then starts to flow the first rain of Mars after billions of years of dry and cold weather the sound of water splashing down, more rumbles and thunderstorms across the surface of the planet… And the dormant life slowly returns i have seen this in my dreams, many many times… if only we could see it in real (or in an animation at least :) ) Earth is home, but Mars is the challenge and journey we were born too early to experience ☁️ 🌩️ 🌧️ 💤💤
Viking experiments were badly designed to detect life (metabolism) on Mars, they were designed to detect life on Earth. They used Earth soil as simulant with complete disregard of the unknown Martian geology. It would be a fluke if it turns out they really detected life. Would be a nice surprise, not holding my breath, though.
Their findings were inconclusive. They have not found life. They also haven't ruled out the existence of life. More research was needed. More research was done. More research is being done. So far we are pretty confident that Mars has had liquid water on the surface not too long ago, from what we found. Chances that there was life are good, but it's never aliens until it's aliens. We want more than a hint, more than a pretty good chance. We want proof. And that is not easy when you don't know what you are looking for. If there was life, or if there is life, would we even be able to recognise it as such?
Many of us find the simplicity and complexity of the universe fascinating. We are fixated on finding life in our solar system. It is the modern alchemy!
As far as we know all life on earth requires water, This opens the door to the possibility that extraterrestrial life, even on a water-rich planet, could rely on entirely different biochemistries. It might not need oxygen, but could use other elements like sulfur, methane, or hydrogen for energy. Life could evolve in ways we haven't yet imagined, using chemical pathways that don't resemble those on Earth.
"If life were there it would still be there and be alive" Errr the basic prerequisite for life would obviously be that life lives!.And I would suggest that there are THREE basic requirements for life;water,breathable atmosphere or medium and caramel latte.
So i think it went like this: "Ok so, let's put 2, no scratch that, 3 rocky planets in the habitable zone. I mean, who's gonna argue amiright?" "How about some gas giants on the back to provide shielding sir?" " hmmm yes yes, excellent thinking, let's go for 3" "Uhmmm, i think we allready have too many planets sir, like, there's usually 2-3 per star system. We're at 8(?)" "Meeh, who's gonna notice anways. Ok so where were we? Oh yes, 3 rocky planets in the green zone. HEYyyy, WHY IS A GIANT ROCK HEADING FOR PLANET #3? Oh damn, i think we lost one. No no, just wait a minute. It seems planet #3 has a moon now. Hmmm noticably more stable, and it also helped jolt the magnetosphere, AND extend the cores' lively functions? Aaah nuts again, looks like planets #2 and #4 snuffed out. Starpoop. Hmmm, take notes Johnson. -Moon for stability -A healthy running core for electromagnetic protection and robust geothermal activities. Aaalrighty then, drop the LUCA Johnson. We'll return for a check-up".
I recently learned that the sea floor can produce oxygen by reducing metal oxides. A combination of salt, water and different metals also produces a voltage like a potato battery. This also produces oxygen via electrolysis of water. So why could there not be life underground on Mars?
The deep biosphere!!?? I didn't know about it! The possibilities of life's influence with geology are endless. We emerged from the Earth but from how deep?
I wonder if the new deep plasma drills would be usable on mars. They're still in development with the goal of being able to drill 10km deep holes for "free geothermal". It would still be a lot of equipment but I'd think using that tech would make it possible to drill a good distance on mars.
Taking a leaf out of Earth's book, if organisms are producing methane on Mars, they might be archaea, rather than bacteria. Archaea also tend to be extremophiles here.
my own thoughts, as someone who has only a casual interest in space: I'm an alien-optomist, I hope we're close to discovering life on other celestial bodies. However, Methane only immerging at night could be an easily explained non-biological phenominone; since it appears at night, could we deduce that this may be due to the cyclical temperature fluctuations? at night the martian "air" is cooler, and thus more dense as it sinks to the surface, meaning methane that rises high into the atmosphere and disperses during the day could become more dense and easily detectable. it could be that there used to be an organic source, but the current methane is a finite supply left over after billions of years, with the bulk of it trapped in the ice slowly sublimating to replenish what's lost by solar winds. regardless of the source of the methane, the search for answers will only prove to further our understanding of The Red Planet, life or not.
Isn't this the plot of a Doctor Who episode, where they drill into a frozen lake for water on a Martian base and end up infected with a strange life-form?
Jezero meaning Lake in our Slavic languages gave me a bit of trouble when transalting the video from English internally to my native language because whenever you said Lake Jezero you are saying Lake Lake 😂
Thanks "Astrum" for the great topic and video! We can find lots of traces of this former life and nature on the surface of Mars. I use Google Earth PRO to look around the entire surface for an hour every week and give a few keywords. Everyone can form their own opinion: Tanais, Debris, Cydonia, Galaxy Chaos, Deuteronlius Mensae, Mirthis Fossae etc. etc. Today Mars is of course a kind of geological museum and life as we know it is impossible, at least on the surface, but as correctly mentioned in the video, it used to be completely different. I'll even go a step further: there were human-like beings on Mars, our predecessors, so to speak. Why Mars then lost this habitability is not entirely certain, but it is certain that the magnetic fields and atmosphere were destroyed. Yes, a real shame...
So either life formed when lightning struck the primordial soup and produced an amoeba, or life traveled here on comets and meteors-panspermia, but if thats the case you are still faced with the fact that somewhere at some time in the universe life had to be created FROM NOTHING, and that is a bona fide miracle that may or may not have involve a creator.
💯agree - just one addition to your list of requirements for early life: it is likely that a proton gradient is required for very early life. This is basically because the mechanisms we find in more developed life require core processes that involve proton gradients created by the living systems. Such an advanced process would not have been available to early life but external proton gradients exist which are likely starting points for early life. (Black smokers are not the most likely but white smokers have more friendly environments - cooler temps plus an alkaline based proton gradient)
Easy rule: the place stuff originates tend to have the deepest diversity(unless it gets wiped in between). Bc everywhere else is a bottleneck off of the origin community/population. It’s the same reason African populations have more genetic diversity than the rest of the world combined.
Wow! Methane levels increase at night and diminish during the day. How interesting! Could this suggest microorganisms 🦠 emerge when there is less solar radiation? Makes perfect sense. 🤔
idea for 2:45 : you refrence your old video (CH4 prod. non-living mode) and if u gave a box we could pause on, with a few bulletpoints, wow that'd be great !
I would be surprised if Mars doesn't still have life. We know life can exist very deep underground here on Earth. Also in that one billion years where liquid water could've existed on Mars panspermia from Earth would've likely seeded Mars even if Mars never had indigenous life. That life could still be there.
@@tygical If Mars obtained life through Panspermia, it would have been absolutely fine in the oceans initially. And once life gets a foothold, it seems to want to stay. To cause all life on Earth to go extinct for example, we would need to recreate our impact with Theia, which completely melted the crust of the Earth.
There is a chance for extremophilic lichens in the soil on Mars. Future Mars missions should increase our knowledge of the environmental conditions close to the ground.
Does Mars even have enough non-biological chemical pathways to make the amount of Methane observed? Especially a type of Methane production dependent on season and day cycles.
You're correct, it would be below the surface! Note: large bands of methane were discovered, at a certain latitude, above mars in early 2000's. Also discovered were aquifers, by ground penetrating radar. Poor Martians, having to release their methane in the dark 😞
Well, if it might be in volcano lakes but too hard to get to; we could examine the ejecta from volcanos, and look for dehydrated life remnants in it. Interesting that you say deadly radiation is a serious challenge to any Martian life. Wouldn't it be to Apollo astronauts, too?
Mind-blowing to learn about the deep biosphere. :) I recently learned about loriciferans and wondered what they fed on. Evidently, there's plenty for them to eat.
Our Patreon community is growing and we couldn't be more excited! As we grow, we're planning to expand into more content with Astrum Answers, stay tuned and don't forget to sign up to be part of these changes! bit.ly/4aiJZNF
womp womp
it is likely that deep underground there would be earth like pressures and temperatures multiple miles deep where there could also be liquid water. Syntrichia Caninervis moss if genetically modified to both be able to conduct photosynthesis, and chemosynthesis, then this moss could be used to seed its deep caverns as well as some parts of its surface, specifically areas with higher pressures and warmer temperatures. As a result of chemosynthesis, the break down of rocks done underground would release gases gradually increasing pressures. Many chemosynthesis using bacteria would also be necessary to seed into its caves. Mars has deeper caverns then earth, miles deeper, and those caverns would be where we would have to build our habitats.
to find liquid water on mars, it would likely be about 5-7 miles deep, with around 1-3 atmospheres of pressure at those depths and likely earth like temperatures ranging from around 50-160 degrees dependent upon the depth. Though this is theoretical. As mars has larger and deeper caverns compared to earth, it is likely there could be a lot more water then we think burred deep within the planet
Lot's of Ifs 😅
Also Saturn moons... can't wait till our next visit out there and further....cheers!
When I first heard you say, "Astrum Answers," I heard, 'Astromancer,' and I thought, "Huh, this channel took a weird turn."
Sounds like a fun new class for D&D tho! The Necromancer summons a lich and sics it on the dungeon boss... not impressed, the Wizard casts fireball and sets the boss on fire... the Astromancer calls them rookies as he does a gigaton orbital drop then makes the sun go supernova, just in case :P
And every time Alex says “Life on Mars” I think of the David Bowie song 😅
@@olencone4005 *Sephiroth's Theme plays as the Astromancer casts Supernova on the dungeon boss*
"I cast Pulsar In Your Underwear!"
@@THomasHH
❤🎵"It's a god-awful small affair
To the girl with the mousy hair..."🎵🧡
Whenever i can't find something I'll stop looking for it and then it shows up out of nowhere.
I found something for you my bread stick
My mars bar
It's in the Bible. Ask and you shall receive. Just how things work.
@@matthorrocks6517 a bible re written by Constantine? A bible based off ancient Sumerian text? Mostly Christians reading the bible calling Jesus when his real name was Yeshua. Shall I go on? Keep your evangelism to yourself
@@ZakBurrell upset are you demon?
Totally agree! I’m Professor of Microbiology at the University of Manchester with a passing interest in astrobiology and if life did emerge and it’s still there then deep surface lithophiles would be my bet. So exciting
Yes if life ever got started on Mars it's very hard to believe it's not still there....Personally I lean toward Abiogenesis being a process that happens deep underground then later migrates to the the surface. If Mars's surface becoming or even always having been uninhabitable wouldn't matter for life being on Mars now.
Indeed! Cheers...
Molecular Biologist here, astrobiology is fascinating.
Several researches suggest that 1) the majority of Earth's water is in the subterranean, not on oceans, and 2) Earth's biggest biomass is also in the same subterranean for.
So, yeah, if life emerged on Mars in the past, all my bets are in the deep. Next, find an emergent pocket, else it will take a long time to drill them out.
I have read that the Martian regolith is full of hydrogen peroxide and perchlorates, making life nearly impossible. Maybe was there in the past if the soil composition was different.
If there is microbial life on Mars, it would be very interesting to see how genetically similar it is to that here on Earth. The same would apply to any microbes found on Venus or in its atmosphere.
I’ve been watching your show since close to the beginning and it’s amazing to see how far you’ve come. Thank you for continuing to give us this great content.
Hello 😊
The Lowest elevation point on Mars is the Hellas Crater. Seem to me like that would have been the last place on Mars to have water on the surface. It would have had water for the longest period of time. Maybe we should look there.
Mars have ice. Beneath the ice is my best guess. It might be water underneath because of the pressure, safe from radiation
He did comment on that saying that as the water evaporates more and more, the little water left would have high concentrations of salt. That would be unsuitable for life. That’s why his idea is to find life where it first could have formed and not the last place it could have been.
Maybe blame your optician ... 🤔😅🖖
@@t16205 My sci-fi part makes me dream of a life that thrives in radiation. Photosynthesis is the absorption of photons, in a cascade of interactions that allow for small bits of energy to be stored in chemical bonds. If photon radiation, even hard radiation like gamma and x, could be slowed either in biological tissue or an combination of external factor and biological ones, hard-photosynthesis could be a reality for very-slow metabolism life.
@@BBBrasil That would be something! I think this will remain a dream unfortunately until humans are no more. But if we somehow learned to harness the radiation.. Who knows, maybe we will one day
I love watching your channel. The calm collected voice helps with absorbing the information. A lot of channels are very enthusiastic which I understand as they love the topics but can be distracting.
By the way I am certain your read about the absolutly mind blowing discovery of dark oxygen? Oxygen created by rocks on the bottom of the sea without photosynthesis. That opens up a whole new way of biospheres with oxygen!
I'd say that Mars still has a lot of its original water quota. This is because as the atmosphere thinned out, most of it would have frozen and subsequently covered over with particles of regolith. There is seemingly a LOT of ice just under the surface, even in near-equatorial regions!
1,5% of the soil is made up of water ices, roughly atleast. I’d wager there is variance, especially around the equator due to it recieving more sublight and near the poles for the opposite reason. Issue is, ice so far as we know isn’t very useful in that solid state. Then again, it’s not something we know a great deal about outside of earth either.
@@JohanHultin Where there are deposits of ice near the surface there is probably moisture deeper down where the ground is warmer.
Extremely unlikely. Even ice evaporates, it's called sublimation. Especially under the conditions on Mars for that period of time.
@@yaldabaoth2 It does indeed, but then how do you explain the remaining water deposits on the Moon? .. and Mercury, for that matter? There should surely be none left at all.
@@BG101UK It's not "none" but you first claimed "a lot of its original water". How much is a lot? Mars had oceans and they are gone, blown away into space over billions of years. There's surely some water chemically bonded to minerals like you would find almost anywhere. That doesn't mean that melting tons of rocks for a glass of water is a feasible way of quenching thirst.
“Mars Rover, Mars Rover, send life signs right over”
"...and tardigrades living under four leaf clover..." ;*[}
It’s a robot, not a Ouija Planchette 😂
Martian marmots
"I like to move it, move it"
If there is water there is life so maybe the planet we know as Mars should be named Marce and the methane is just the big old Marce having a good fart. Toot Toot
When something is so fascinating, it's hard to comprehend how fascinating it is. I never even thought of discovering a new question we've never even thought to ask before. Which is almost more exciting than actually finding answers. Wonder and curiosity. Such amazing tools humans were able to grasp.
I first read the title as “we’ve been looking for Mars in the wrong place” and I’m like what the hell who let this happen? Was it Terry?
I thought the title was that! What?
The real Mars was the friends we made along the way
I can’t believe they’ve been searching for Mars in the wrong area all this time
Damnit Terry
@@camerontatro9447 right?? Every time!!
Thank you for great content and presentation. I agree with your hypothesis, especially since "retreating" deeper and deeper along lava vents seems completely viable.
To me as a layman, life appeared first when the sun's protodisk appeared, before planets existed. All the gases, light, circulation was there, which formed into the planets and their atmospheres. In this essence true life evolved and went on to the planets. So I would wager, that life is everywhere in the solar system, except not so visible and palpable like on Earth. The question is where can we exclude probability of life? Life may exist in so many places: Venus atmosphere, Mars subsurface, Europa subsurface water, Jupiter atmosphere, Saturn atmosphere, Pluto subsurface, and so on....
As a biologist, I fully agree with this study. Very balanced, very detailed. Congrats.
K.
7:07 i love this song so much (Eternity - Stellardrone)
it makes me feel like i'm floating through space, exploring mysterious different galaxies, stars and planets, drifting far far away into... Eternity
Life also requires a molten core and a magnetosphere and vulcanism all of which Mars had, so yes deep underground life is most likely. thanks for your work.
Thanks for always making these documentarys, it's perfect to listen and fall asleep too😂
The thing that got me most surprise in this video is the fact that Astrum actually pronounce "Jezero" correctly . My respect sir as I know how hard is this to pronounce for an non native speaker. And from this I can see that he actually resect the thing he is presenting .
He’s a professional.
I think he got lucky. vol-CAN-ism? VOL-cuh-nism. Still an awesome channel, though.
@@808bAler That's a regional accent difference. Not an error.
I've always pronounced it with the English J sound because that's what I heard the people at NASA always say. I never stopped and thought it might be pronounced as "Yezero." I will try to use the correct pronunciation from now on!
@@808bAler He isnt lucky. He knows. Vulcanism is pronounced different way in different languages.
About time someone brought this up. I have been waiting for this.
About time !!! Mars is like an orange !!
On the outside it's rough and barren skin ...
And to judge the whole of the orange by it's cover, (like a book...) is just a waste of time and completely wrong!!
Especially if you haven't yet peeled the orange , to see what is actually inside !!
Every new episode is an opportunity to learn about all the "MechaGnisms" in this Universe. I love the way you mispronounce that word, and honestly, it sounds much better than the correct version. Please Alex, if you ever read this, keep saying it wrong. It brings me joy every time I hear it.
Fascinating! I’d love love love a whole video on the deep biosphere. This is the first time I’ve heard about it and I’m already obsessed. 😊
Thank, this Channel really impresses me, it is almost a spiritual experience when I immerse myself in this videos. Thanks again from Tijuana, Mexico
"Mars has methane which may indicate life. However, this is not definitive proof, as there are also non-organic ways to make methane”. This means that organic methane confirms the presence of life. However, abiogenic methane is produced from organic compounds that aren't related to organisms. And this process could be happening on Mars. So the correct statement would be, "Methane can also be produced from non-biogenic sources."
I used to be a tour guide in a cave. I loved it! Named my son after that cave. I feel sorry for people with disorders that prevent them from going into a cave. I won't pretend to understand, but I do really feel pain on their behalf. The wonders to be found that they miss... Just like I miss what is being found on Mars. It happens. Maybe someday my great-grandkids will see it for themselves. Or other descendants. But they can all go see that cave and other caves here on Earth in the meantime. I will live vicariously through videos on this channel because I will never leave Earth due to health.
Alex, I’m seeing this at 1.99 million subs. Wow! I remember I subbed when you only had a couple thousand. I prayed for your success and still continue to do so. Incredible, I’m so happy for you!
*Almost 2 million Subs!! Good Job Alex!!*
I noticed that, too❤
In a few decades we will be looking for life on Earth.
Multicellurar life, that is.
Why so pessimistic?
@@experiencinglifeisthepurpose
W
W
3
According to Al Gore, climate alarmists and democrats we are all suppose to be extinct today. You sound like someone who is easily conned, believe propaganda and can’t think for yourself.
funny thing that some people defend Starfields utter nonsense story about Earth's fate with "it happened to Mars too." With exactly the chain of events at 5:40. Only within 50 years...
No mention of the sulphur fields just found on Mars?
Your guys provide correct information. Appreciated
Ah a long one. Thanks so much Alex. Your channel is so so cool
I know our earth deserts do not compare with Mars but amazing all the life from coyotes, snakes, lizards to plants that rarely receive rainfall. Once a year these plants have enough energy stored to produce flowers.
The black mould looking marks in the rocks looks very interesting
Earth with its inhabitants is a unique cosmic organ and its impossible to expect life that exist in a form similar on earth if not different on these extremely different planets.
dreaming of clouds gathering on the horizon of Mars… and then slow rumble and then finally lightnings and then… after billions of years the first raindrops land on the surface… water then starts to flow
the first rain of Mars after billions of years of dry and cold weather
the sound of water splashing down, more rumbles and thunderstorms across the surface of the planet…
And the dormant life slowly returns
i have seen this in my dreams, many many times… if only we could see it in real (or in an animation at least :) )
Earth is home, but Mars is the challenge and journey we were born too early to experience
☁️ 🌩️ 🌧️ 💤💤
You sounded proud of that list line-
Kudos
It’s ok, Mars. I do weird things at night, too.
Problems with meeting women. Please.
@@Atomwaffen-y3s I have a wife and still do weird things at night. I'm Mars, she's Venus. If you catch my *meaning*. Heh heh.
Thanks, Alex! 🦠
Even Astrum is jumping on the "weird" train... 😂😂😂
Viking 1 may have already found life on Mars
And Viking 2, both got positives.
Or not
Viking experiments were badly designed to detect life (metabolism) on Mars, they were designed to detect life on Earth. They used Earth soil as simulant with complete disregard of the unknown Martian geology.
It would be a fluke if it turns out they really detected life. Would be a nice surprise, not holding my breath, though.
Their findings were inconclusive. They have not found life. They also haven't ruled out the existence of life.
More research was needed. More research was done. More research is being done. So far we are pretty confident that Mars has had liquid water on the surface not too long ago, from what we found.
Chances that there was life are good, but it's never aliens until it's aliens. We want more than a hint, more than a pretty good chance. We want proof. And that is not easy when you don't know what you are looking for. If there was life, or if there is life, would we even be able to recognise it as such?
@@drmachinewerke1those experiments never gave false positives here on earth, why would that change on Mars?
I's be looking around in the bottom of those massive canyons... Caves, Poles, etc...
This is seriously something I’ve been wondering for years! Are there any caves? Caverns?
Yes. Many volcanoes with shafts
Everything is speculation until we physically get there 🤔 great video 👍
Super vid as always - keep up the good work Alex! Small suggestion - think there's a spelling mistake at 11 mins with "biosphere".
I'm of the opinion that life will inevitably arise wherever possible, because just by existing it speeds up the progression of entropy.
With humanities search so far its like looking for life in our oceans but examining 1 tea spoon of ocean at a time.
Many of us find the simplicity and complexity of the universe fascinating. We are fixated on finding life in our solar system. It is the modern alchemy!
As far as we know all life on earth requires water, This opens the door to the possibility that extraterrestrial life, even on a water-rich planet, could rely on entirely different biochemistries. It might not need oxygen, but could use other elements like sulfur, methane, or hydrogen for energy. Life could evolve in ways we haven't yet imagined, using chemical pathways that don't resemble those on Earth.
exactly! Deep ocean life exists around sulfuric vents in salt water oceans with no light available.
"If life were there it would still be there and be alive" Errr the basic prerequisite for life would obviously be that life lives!.And I would suggest that there are THREE basic requirements for life;water,breathable atmosphere or medium and caramel latte.
So i think it went like this:
"Ok so, let's put 2, no scratch that, 3 rocky planets in the habitable zone. I mean, who's gonna argue amiright?"
"How about some gas giants on the back to provide shielding sir?"
" hmmm yes yes, excellent thinking, let's go for 3"
"Uhmmm, i think we allready have too many planets sir, like, there's usually 2-3 per star system.
We're at 8(?)"
"Meeh, who's gonna notice anways.
Ok so where were we? Oh yes, 3 rocky planets in the green zone.
HEYyyy, WHY IS A GIANT ROCK HEADING FOR PLANET #3?
Oh damn, i think we lost one.
No no, just wait a minute.
It seems planet #3 has a moon now.
Hmmm noticably more stable,
and it also helped jolt the magnetosphere, AND extend the cores' lively functions?
Aaah nuts again, looks like planets #2 and #4 snuffed out.
Starpoop.
Hmmm, take notes Johnson.
-Moon for stability
-A healthy running core for electromagnetic protection and robust geothermal activities.
Aaalrighty then, drop the LUCA Johnson.
We'll return for a check-up".
We do have water tables underground on earth. Perhaps mars has similar features that do harbor life. Now we know where to start looking.
I recently learned that the sea floor can produce oxygen by reducing metal oxides. A combination of salt, water and different metals also produces a voltage like a potato battery. This also produces oxygen via electrolysis of water. So why could there not be life underground on Mars?
A layer of caramel and then some nougat. I reckon.
The deep biosphere!!?? I didn't know about it! The possibilities of life's influence with geology are endless. We emerged from the Earth but from how deep?
Sounds like an exciting prospect.
I wonder if the new deep plasma drills would be usable on mars. They're still in development with the goal of being able to drill 10km deep holes for "free geothermal". It would still be a lot of equipment but I'd think using that tech would make it possible to drill a good distance on mars.
and europa
Start with the space ship 🚀 the can't even leave Mars's let alone drill it desilusiónal
22 samples now, and it's the best evidence as of today for life once on Mars. We wont truly know until we can retrieve the data.
Taking a leaf out of Earth's book, if organisms are producing methane on Mars, they might be archaea, rather than bacteria. Archaea also tend to be extremophiles here.
Song: “ALIEN OCEAN WORLDS” by Paul Keller 🎵
.
Well damn. I thought it was Frank Zappa’s “Yellow Snow.”
Haven’t heard that song, will check it out
my own thoughts, as someone who has only a casual interest in space: I'm an alien-optomist, I hope we're close to discovering life on other celestial bodies.
However, Methane only immerging at night could be an easily explained non-biological phenominone; since it appears at night, could we deduce that this may be due to the cyclical temperature fluctuations? at night the martian "air" is cooler, and thus more dense as it sinks to the surface, meaning methane that rises high into the atmosphere and disperses during the day could become more dense and easily detectable. it could be that there used to be an organic source, but the current methane is a finite supply left over after billions of years, with the bulk of it trapped in the ice slowly sublimating to replenish what's lost by solar winds.
regardless of the source of the methane, the search for answers will only prove to further our understanding of The Red Planet, life or not.
We’re like leaf cutter ants looking for a tree based on the flavor, not knowing how much stuff is in the jungle
Hello shane how are you 😊
Absolutely bizarre comparison, but it works
Man..... I just love your channel.
Thanks
Isn't this the plot of a Doctor Who episode, where they drill into a frozen lake for water on a Martian base and end up infected with a strange life-form?
Jezero meaning Lake in our Slavic languages gave me a bit of trouble when transalting the video from English internally to my native language because whenever you said Lake Jezero you are saying Lake Lake 😂
Mars does still have local magnetic fields and has been shown to still be slightly more volcanically active than had since been thought.
you've tested this yourself have you?
@@jd32ktrust them, they’re a local there
@@SageGilbert191there's a few people there snorting the iron oxides
Seems like we should figure out what's deep under our own surface! Seems like a more realistic ambition, to start with!
Uranus does strange things at night too.
Sure does buddy..😅😅
Thank You 😊
Wow we need to explore it , i think there’s a lot valuable minerals 🎉
Thanks "Astrum" for the great topic and video!
We can find lots of traces of this former life and nature on the surface of Mars.
I use Google Earth PRO to look around the entire surface for an hour every week and give a few keywords. Everyone can form their own opinion: Tanais, Debris, Cydonia, Galaxy Chaos, Deuteronlius Mensae, Mirthis Fossae etc. etc.
Today Mars is of course a kind of geological museum and life as we know it is impossible, at least on the surface, but as correctly mentioned in the video, it used to be completely different. I'll even go a step further: there were human-like beings on Mars, our predecessors, so to speak. Why Mars then lost this habitability is not entirely certain, but it is certain that the magnetic fields and atmosphere were destroyed.
Yes, a real shame...
Drill, baby, drill
So either life formed when lightning struck the primordial soup and produced an amoeba, or life traveled here on comets and meteors-panspermia, but if thats the case you are still faced with the fact that somewhere at some time in the universe life had to be created FROM NOTHING, and that is a bona fide miracle that may or may not have involve a creator.
another well presented and thoughtful session / thank you!!
I'm persuaded, that exists life inwardly of the mars-planet, your's Luis🕊🤲🏿🙏🤲🏿🕊
Hey Astrum, did you see the news a couple days ago about elemental sulfur being discovered on Mars's surface?
Fascinating.
With earth throwing life into space consistently, one can only assume that finding bacteria on mars is basically guaranteed.
💯agree - just one addition to your list of requirements for early life: it is likely that a proton gradient is required for very early life.
This is basically because the mechanisms we find in more developed life require core processes that involve proton gradients created by the living systems. Such an advanced process would not have been available to early life but external proton gradients exist which are likely starting points for early life. (Black smokers are not the most likely but white smokers have more friendly environments - cooler temps plus an alkaline based proton gradient)
Almost at 2 million subs!!!
Easy rule: the place stuff originates tend to have the deepest diversity(unless it gets wiped in between). Bc everywhere else is a bottleneck off of the origin community/population. It’s the same reason African populations have more genetic diversity than the rest of the world combined.
Guarantee, there’s a Dollar General down there
Woohoo almost 2 million subscribers! Keep up the great work!
Wow! Methane levels increase at night and diminish during the day. How interesting! Could this suggest microorganisms 🦠 emerge when there is less solar radiation? Makes perfect sense. 🤔
idea for 2:45 : you refrence your old video (CH4 prod. non-living mode) and if u gave a box we could pause on, with a few bulletpoints, wow that'd be great !
11:53 - "...the spice!"
I would be surprised if Mars doesn't still have life. We know life can exist very deep underground here on Earth. Also in that one billion years where liquid water could've existed on Mars panspermia from Earth would've likely seeded Mars even if Mars never had indigenous life. That life could still be there.
what if the life transferred via panspermia can't survive on mars
@@tygical If Mars obtained life through Panspermia, it would have been absolutely fine in the oceans initially. And once life gets a foothold, it seems to want to stay. To cause all life on Earth to go extinct for example, we would need to recreate our impact with Theia, which completely melted the crust of the Earth.
"the red planet does get a bit quirky at night"
'High levels of salt is bad for most forms of life' -- Astrum ...
STOP JUDGING ME!!!!
If it had been sugar they would just need SUVs to get their obese asses in.
There is a chance for extremophilic lichens in the soil on Mars. Future Mars missions should increase our knowledge of the environmental conditions close to the ground.
Does Mars even have enough non-biological chemical pathways to make the amount of Methane observed? Especially a type of Methane production dependent on season and day cycles.
Great video topic
You're correct, it would be below the surface! Note: large bands of methane were discovered, at a certain latitude, above mars in early 2000's. Also discovered were aquifers, by ground penetrating radar. Poor Martians, having to release their methane in the dark 😞
Life on Mars most likely near the creamy nugget center?
That's where I'd wanna be 😂
The possibilities for exploring the depths of Mars are f***ing staggering
😂😂😂😂😂😂
@@robsomerton7390hi
@@maxwarboy3625staggering only if you have diabetes
If there was life in the seas of mars in pasttimes there would be some fossils non where found
Greetings from the BIG SKY of Montana.
Greetings from a Montana shack in the Smithsonian museum!
@@Atomwaffen-y3s Greetings from the BIG SKY of Montana.
Well, if it might be in volcano lakes but too hard to get to; we could examine the ejecta from volcanos, and look for dehydrated life remnants in it. Interesting that you say deadly radiation is a serious challenge to any Martian life. Wouldn't it be to Apollo astronauts, too?
Mind-blowing to learn about the deep biosphere. :) I recently learned about loriciferans and wondered what they fed on. Evidently, there's plenty for them to eat.
The lizard people who live underground on Mars just want to be left alone 😅
It's "Lizzid People" 😂
@@aamiraijaz7802you beat me to it. What I said.
Then they need to stop controlling our government here on Earth
Ok Hecklefish
Yeah you interfering earthlings. Just leave us alone ..🐸. You screwed the life out of your planet, and now you eye up your next door neighbour...😮😮