Can this invention fix dirty transportation? | Challengers
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- Опубліковано 9 вер 2022
- Rather than replacing all semi-trucks on the road, this clip-on device filters 80% of each trucks’ CO2.
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Up Next ► Carbon capture technology explained • Carbon Capture Technol...
Every year, semi trucks create 339 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. That is equivalent to 5% of the entire U.S. carbon footprint.
However, these trucks are absolutely crucial to our supply chain. Unfortunately, there is no good solution to decarbonize these trucks.
A company called Remora has developed a mobile carbon capture system - the first ever of its kind to be commercialized anywhere in the world. By retrofitting existing diesel trucks, Remora hopes that its carbon capture and storage system can decarbonize the trucking industry.
Watch on Freethink.com ► www.freethink.com/series/chal...
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Read more of our stories on carbon capture:
Cheap carbon capture tech could filter out CO2 in smokestacks
►www.freethink.com/environment...
Elon Musk offers $100 million for direct carbon capture tech
►www.freethink.com/environment...
Scientists propose mechanical trees to soak up CO2
► www.freethink.com/environment...
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Watch our original series:
► Hard Reset: freeth.ink/youtube-hard-reset
► Just Might Work: freeth.ink/youtube-just-might...
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The solution to truck polution is to switch to electrified rails as the primary way of transporting goods long distances across land, and only use trucks for "last mile" delivery
if it's not cost effective there's no incentive to do it
It will be cost effective given feul prices and the reduced efficiency an extra 5000 lbs carries
Agreed. We need to stop thinking of train tracks as being something for one large engine to pull a series of cars behind it, but rather one electrified train engine and one train car that can autonomously go to it's destination and autonomously be collected by crane and put into a depot for pickup by an electrified truck. Perhaps monorails for shipping between major cities, something above or below cars and foot traffic.
Sorry but most trains get really good gas mileage so using all the rare earth metals for these trains or build more power plants which adds lots of carbon pollution to accomplish is not a practical solution.
We already do that.....
This feels like a crazy complicated solution for this problem.. but the one thing I wondered was whether that truck could make a full turn with these huge devices on the decking?
I don’t think it would make much of difference, but except the view to your airlines while making a u turn , and will help on winter to give your traction tires some control
Actually, they are using existing and mature technologies in all pieces of their creation. It's just that they have never been put together in this way for this purpose. I recognize a lot of steps used from other industrial processes.
And yes, since they are installing it where aftermarket parts go, it means the space is designed with bulky additions in mind.
I think adding a co2 infrastructure to the truck infrastructure is going to be a headache, but if there is already an existing infrastructure to take advantage of, that works out great.
I agree, especially with a sleeper cab attached behind the tractor... I've spent many hours designing equipment for rigs...sadly...this idea will likely remain a prototype. If you want to decarbonize there are many easier ways such as biochar with soil remediation. It matters very little where the Carbon is removed... only that the "genie is put back in the bottle"... metaphorically speaking.
When you cool down the exhaust, you prevent NOX from breaking down. Which is much more dangerous for the environment than CO2. Plus massive expense, weight, and intangible benefits for end users. Nice idea, needs a lot of work though
isn't the exhaust cooled after the cat converter? all nox is theoretically handled there, and there's absolutely nothing to help with that after the cat anyway.
NOX is handled through the use of DEF. Modern semis basically exhaust nothing other than CO2 and water
An if captured in a safe way what could potentially be made out of the nox ? If anything. Sounds like the temperature of capture is Extremely important for the CO2. An it's nice to see informative answers back to these topics. For dummies like me .
@@motogeee510 The capture of CO2 from the diesel seems to me to be a strong argument for the use of 'synfuel' diesel -especially from DAC (Direct Air Capture)sources.This would. bring about a NET removal of atmospheric CO2. I had been concerned though about OTHER undesirable emissions from diesel i.e.NOX and SO2 and, unfortunately, I have heard that 'synfuel' is no better then. conventional fuel in this regard.
Are you saying that ALL undesirable emissions are now being removed during diesel truck operations?
The anti-rail sentiment that Gross alludes to toward the end shows a dangerous bias. It’s great that a bandaid was developed, but the implication that it should be seen or used as anything more than a bandage is potentially misleading. If the content devoted a section into digging the numbers in a comparative fashion, this piece would hold more integrity than branded content.
They bashed everything that wasn't their capture solution, very poor form, especially since they'll still have millions of potential customers no matter what other lower or 0-local emissions tech also gets deployed
Very cool! Definitely strikes me as a stop gap, but a highly valuable one that paves the way and tees it up for others to develop better post-capture tech.
They should enter the XPrize
@@cstuartdc There are quite a lot firms trying to do this, one of the first and best known though was a greenwashing project by a german initiative financed mainly by shell. But they never got above 200 tons a year at atrocious cost.
Lots of modern high-yield greenhouse firms enrich their planting spaces air with CO2 up to 15% to increase yield.
But in the end all that plant matter is only a short-term storage for carbon. As soon as the plant matter gets eaten, burned, used for composting soil production ect, its out in the cycle again.
Even if it gets used to produce building materials its only sequestered for a few decades.
The idea is impressive.
The timing makes it edge-worthless.
By the time their tech/idea matures (3-5years) and becomes viable/scalable (add another bunch of years) we'd be already transitioning to Electric/Hydrogen trucks. Which is not gonna make their tech obsolete by night, but it will lower the appealing for investor and the return drastically. The remaining truck companies that find it too expensive to replace their fleet with electric, pretty sure they will also find it expensive to install such systems. Cause on the long run a full-ev truck generates a lot more income than this device.
Well it is going to take time to electrify the trucking industry. Even with all the big name semi manufacturers making electric trucks there's likely still going to be a market for this. Though adding 5000lbs of equipment and another 1200lbs of CO2 onto a truck isn't going to help it's fuel economy.
Yes! This is the kind of innovation we need!
Or- switch to electrified rails
@@hentisenti that too. There wont be 1 solution (well, at least untill we all ascend or something).
So good to see young folks featured and, unfortunately, clearing up the mess started by their great grand parents and big corporations. So different from their "peers" focused on the kardashians, drugs, pop culture, tictok dopamine addiction.
Putting phone down..
faxs
Seems like they need to find a way to make this waaayyy more simple to install and operate. I can't see it going anywhere until it is easier and cheaper to buy and install it.
Yeah it needs to be multiple capture filters that can be replaced like an air filter.
Looks far too complicated as it is, so I wonder how easy it will be to scale up so that the end result is both cost-effective for the customer and profitable for the manufacturer.
Interesting concept but completely ruling out EVs as greenwashing… yeah no. I think this technology could be interesting in the transition but they’d be racing the clock on scaling and rolling it out before they are made redundant.
Still it’s nice to know people are thinking about and working on things like this. Also they raise a good point about carbon being used in all sorts of things, be interesting to see what happens to that market and how far this product goes.
Lithium ion battery powered EV's as we know that concept today is not a viable solution for the wider market ... the mega wattage consumption which the EV charging stations require becomes pretty clearly backwards and illogical if you consider the numbers and scale them up for EV semi trucks and any large scale roll out of consumer EV cars ... it wouldn't make any sense and the next best tech atm is hydrogen cells, not that any of this is the full picture.. yet
Engineer here, If that is running off the cars engine then the addition of the system would just cause a net increase in the carbon released. Even if you are capturing it you're still increasing the production of CO2 and with the "absorbent beds" you just have a enormous amount of bed material soaked in CO2.
I love how this proves there is not enough CO2 around lol
I can imagine putting these devices on factories smokestacks.
This seems more likely to make someone rich rather than ever put a dent in emissions.
Yes! I'm glad somebody else sees that too.
Why is benefitting financially mutually exclusive from fighting climate change?
@@LimitedWard Because only a fool uses the same system that created the problem to try and solve it and believes it will...This is another attempt to make a buck by offering a bandaid instead of preventing the need of a bandaid. See the difference?
Well said. Its a money scheme at best because it surely isn't going to solve the issue.
@@LimitedWard because it's a gimic. They are taking out the carbon just to end up storing it somewhere? When it leaks, and you know it will, it will be a catastrophe. It's not a good solution, but its an expensive one.
Love their work but I think what is often overlooked is that once you sell the CO2, not just to oil companies, you don't know what they do with it. Every product has a lifespan once it's over it's going to break down and release carbon. Take fizzy drinks for example. You open the bottle the CO2 is gone. If those products were made from fossil fuels anyway your not doing any more harm. But if they used a natural water spring or whatever that released CO2 anyway beforehand and they now switch to your product which decreased fuel efficiency you're unintentionally making the problem worse.
Edit: found out the CO2 for fizzy drink comes as a byproduct of NH3 synthesis, which is made using Methane (for heat) . At least here in Germany.
The government kneecapped trains to make these trucks more profitable in the first place. Just get the government out of the equation and go back to rail based transport then use these trucks for final destination delivery. It's not hard to understand.
Very well said. Freight primarily belongs on the railways where economies of scale come in etc. Solar panels on freight cars would help. However, most solar panels are only 21 - 25% efficient, though new 39% panels are now being developed!
You must take a look at the March edition of the scientific magazine'Joule' and the 'CO2Rail' website to see the 'DAC railcar' innovation which will allow trains to capture CO2 from their slipstream while using the energy from braking to power the. units which have been reduced to rail cars size.There will also be a railcar to extract emissions from the diesel engine.Unfortunately it is unlikely to capable of. being scaled down to truck size but who knows maybe for aviation?
So....it gets released in the atmosphere once used in the after market... So not a solution to CO2 emissions.
considering it may be decades or longer before we come up with technology to replace our semi-trucks, this would help immensely. Baby steps like this will get us there
Will it leave room for turning? Can it be installed onto, in or distributed around the trailers instead?
Cool idea but some FUD with electric transport. Tesla has produced more electricity through their solar division than they have used in their manufacturing to date. Batteries are close to 100% recyclable today and there are companies doing so. The electric grid is getting more green as time goes on so all non issues, just some FUD. But otherwise a really cool idea for the interim. Hope they succeed but its maybe a solution thats around for 10 years max
EVs use rare earth metals that are toxic, mined which destroys the earth & produces huge pollution, & some of them are in small quantities that we will run out of. & the vast majority of electricity is from coal not renewables. Not to mention no countries electric grid could handle a large influx of EVs, they can't even handle air conditioning in ever increasing heat waves. Plus huge numbers of people who live in apartments would never be able to charge those cars as it's very expensive for a complex to put in charging stations & it would only be enough for a few cars. We need to get transportation off oil and electricity onto an entire different infrastructure & right now the only seemingly feasible way to do that is hydrogen fuel cells which many other countries started working on years & years ago but didn't happen in the US because our govt is owned by corporations including oil companies.
The offloading CO² tanks will need to be next to every semi diesel fill pump, or at least next to every semi DEF pump... that's expensive!
Oh batteries are so heavy, Our device weighs 5000 pounds. The denial is real here.
Finally Finally a group of people are on the RIGHT track. This technology has been used in factories and by NASA for years. This needs to be developed.
If green hydrogen is produced on a larger scale, wouldn't it be easier to covert the trucks to run on hydrogen?
Electric highway will work better than only battery or hydrogen.
How about a mix of electric highways, batteries, hydrogen and carbon capture depending on which is cleaner and the most possible depending on the location and circumstances?
They support oil over electricity but they wpn't sell their co2 to oil companies because they dont support oil.
100%
I really hope this tech evolve and gets implemented, would make a significant impact!!
This is yet another well intentioned green technology, propped up by journalism.
Lately, it's been a constant procession of infeasible green tech promoted by media outlets who don't ask any of the key engineering questions.
It's one thing to be optimistic, it's another to deny the very real shortcomings and indefeasibility of a technology.
Did these guys even talk to people who drive trucks for a living? NO ONE is going to want an extra 5k lbs destroying their margins. Truck driving is barely a break-even proposition in the US as it is.
Good idea but i have concerns that this will be way less CO2/ $ spend than other solutions.
This system needs to be retrofitted by a Company that is willing to do it without any monetary incentive for it. And i really doubt there would be a large adaptation if there is no governmental support for it.
IMO a better way would be to build stationary CO2 caption Plants, those can run 24/7 and not only when a truck is turned on, therefore it could capture way more and way cheaper bc it does not have to be mobile with restrained space. Also it would be cheaper bc it could be build in a very large scale.
Even when it would be fitted to 5.000 trucks a year it would take 400 years to fit all of the trucks only in the USA (and how long do you think we are still dependent on combustion Trucks?) and this Company is still in the Prototyping phase. So I'm guessing they would scale up to maybe at most 500 Systems a year but only if they are really financially successful. So either way this would not have a noticeable effect on reducing CO2.
Also when this system really captures 200 t a year per truck and can hold a maximum of 1200 lb's (0,544 t) CO2 in its Tank it would have to stop and empty its tanks 367 times a year, guess how many extra miles and hours spend that would generate. If it would add only 1/2 hour a day it would mean a trucker can drive 1/2 hour less a day (the company also needs to pay him for 1/2 hour less of work per day) and that the freight would be 1/2 hour late per day of carry wich would be bad for competitiveness. And I didn't even factor the cost from the extra miles. And when the CO2 tank is full but there is no station near to empty it (i could imagen that would be the case pretty often) the whole System would just stop to function wich is wasted potential and completely negates any positive.
Also the Volume of this System, engine, transmission, exhaust, tanks, etc. of a normal Truck would probably be sufficient space for a large battery btw. that would be good enough for a couple 100 miles. (only 11% of hauls are longer than 200 miles )
But we need Projects in a way larger scale that can be deployed faster than this to really see effects.
I don't say that smaller projects can't help but this definitely is not a solution for clean transport as the title might suggest.
I'm really questioning the amount of critically thinking this channel does.
Engine exhaust has very high concentrations of CO2, whereas the air has extremely low concentrations of CO2. This makes it less efficient to extract it once diffused into the air than from the source.
You bring up a lot of serious issues, which will probably be the reasons this tech never goes mainstream.
Although I'd like to point out that direct air capture is crazy expensive. Climeworks charges $1200/ton!
@@DeanReading ok I did not know that is was this expansive for now. But there are other way cheaper method's for CO2 capture or even better: avoiding CO2 emission.
Forestry for example only needs about 50$ per ton of CO2 caption.
And like another comment pointed out that it would generally be best to switch as best as we can to electric rail for long range transportation of goods because already safes about 70% of emission compared to trucks. And even better would be to electrify to also electrify the last bit of the transport as well.
Fantastic video. Thank you!
From The Caribbean 🇻🇨, I Love This Idea. Hope They Get To Scale.
Fantastic....this kind of thing gives hope.
This is a perfect application for carbon capture. These trucks are running 100+ hours and burning thousands of gallons of fuel, per week, all year round. They tow 30 tons so weight isn’t an issue, and the power to operate the device is readily available. They also have space for the machinery. Heavy trucks tick every box.
Say it with me
Semi...Sim-my... Are we all clear about this now... it's not a computer part
Truckers going to love this.
Thanks guys!
love the idea, keep it up
Great work thank yoU
This is very exciting! CO2 can be used to make carbon nanofibers, which means the auto industry could potentially use this captured carbon to make car body panels and parts from this new source. Various building materials could also be made from carbon fiber. There are so many applications for this material, it just needs to be commercially marketed and distributed. Thank you for sharing this with us. 💗💗💗
Kudos to this company
I'm loving this technology!
I would be interested to see if this could be combined with the BeHydro conversions that reduce the CO2 emissions on ships and trucks by 85%?
Good job 👏
This is wonderful 👏 👏
great stuff, best wishes to Remora, and others like-minded
one of the primary issue is weight of cylinder leading to less mileage , potential solution could be storing carbon in some sort of salt and containing it as cylinders are heavy
Salute!!! Leave the planet better than we found it!!! Remember back to the days of Ancient Lemuria were all craft were operated under the principle of maglev. Thousands of years ago during the 6 golden ages the skies were blue and pristine clean. Empress Mary of The Temple Lemuria!!!
Great idea, but currently much too complex and likely expensive. Hopefully team can simplify.
This is super interesting!
Every viable option to move us forward is a must and a space for people to find a purpose
Love the idea
Worth watching. John Neidigh’s (rhymes with “I dig.”) take: Electric semis are impractical and basically reinventing the wheel. 🙄 Retrofitting existing diesel fleets with mobile carbon capture makes much more sense AND generates income from the CO2 captured using the exhaust heat that is normally wasted! Kill two birds with one stone. 😉🙂😎
a lot of smart people out there.
Be cool if the beads are dirt cheap. Once they become saturated, just replace them open a valve, dump the beads and refill them from the top.
First of all, I love the fact you have a group of people of all shapes colors and flavors who are just working together to make the world better. They are not having long awkward conversations how they need to be inclusive of everyone as they are just doing it.
HOWEVER, this idea/device of course was invented by an engineer. There is a semi need for it as I don't see how they are going to get it paid for. A diesel truck weighs 20,000 plus 80,000 payload. This device is FIVE percent of the trucker's load which is more weight/more cost. They trucker is more concerned with putting food on the table vs. saving the world.
Bandaid solution for sure. But, uh... rails, anyone? Rails?
why not use freight trains?
8:54 Co2 should also be transformed into coal to incrase storage efficiency.
15 mins to unload ? really depends on how often this needs to happen, since you have to visit your companys hub or a unloading station and i dont think these will be common at all. once a week ? that might work. but if its multiple times a day or even daily, no logistics company will buy this.
It's good stuff. Not everything can be zero CO2 emissions in the short and long term.
GREAT BUT SEVERAL QUESTIONS - What about cost, size and the extra energy needed to pressurize the CO2 as well as the extra pressure needed to push the exhaust thru the zeolite bed
"You have to charge them, you have to build them, you have to recycle them". All of which can be done with renewable energy and current technology and actually stops CO2 emissions.
This combined with third gen biofuels that are not made from food crops
are the future of transport.
5000 lb on an 80000 lb limit truck. Assume 30000 lb for the truck and trailer. That is about 10% of their cargo weight. That is doable...
Did I hear this right? A truck can produce 200 tons of CO2 a year?
1200 lb of CO2 storage.
400,000/1200 - that is a 15 minute de-tankkng 333 times a year - assume once per day. Since you could be anywhere when you need to drop it off, that is hassle, and people on a schedule will let it fill all the way up before emptying it.
Pretty cool idea, even with the challenges.
Why are they building the zeolite containers that way? It seems like you could attach a shaker/vibrator and pour it in from the top - keep packing/pouring until 100% of the required amount is in the container.
Won't CO² return to the atmosphere when soda is consumed?
what if we, and hear me out, replaced trucks with...... TRAINS
A mobile carbon capturing plant fitted onto the container truck is a prototype with a very complex mechanism in terms of its engineering, design, functioning logistics, arrangement, handling,testing and maintenance- yet needs to be undertaken for the purpose of containing carbon emissions.Hopefully these laborious people with scientific mindset do succeed in making their invention reach the public in near future.
Correct me if I’m wrong, but, doesn’t water trap like 6x it’s own weight in carbon?
Not as CO² at least. Otherwise carbonated drinks wouldn't bubble.
Yo I just got to say. The video capture + sound/video editing is 🔥🔥🔥🔥 beautiful 🤌🏽
You give me 'hope'
I thought June McCarroll painted the first road lines in California?
It’s a good step if you consider carbon a problem.
I remember my father telling me of drought back when he was a kid in Kentucky. The ground cracked. That was early 1900s before the automotive boom. Don’t think that weather fluctuations are new. They are not.
These would be good in California or the big cities that get smog and don’t have nearby forests to act as Carbon sinks.
If they sold to oil companies, this solution would be financed quicker than any other start up. It’s actually really smart if they sell to oil companies. Then the oil companies continue to produce gasoline or diesel fuel which is used to power the vehicles to capture the carbon. They make a partnership with oil sound bad, but I think it’s actually win win as long as the CO2 oil companies use is not furthering climate change.
1 litre of petrol weighs 750 grams. Petrol consists for 87% of carbon, or 652 grams of carbon per litre of petrol.
80% of 652 is 521.6grams
37.9 million trucks registered and used for business purposes (excluding government and farm) in 2019
37.9m*130.4 grams per litre= 4942160000 grams or 4942.16tonnes of carbon left per litre spent, nice work but there's still a massive problem left
Nice solution. They can reproduce methanol using CO And H2 coming frome renewable sources. For this, gasoline-powered engines are needed. And the engine should run with low oxygen so that CO is released.
As a result, when we consider that the efficiency of the internal combustion engine is 20%. Investing in electricity makes much more sense.
This is a good band-aid, but not a solution...
Interesting concept. Why not use it in oil wells, though. If you have the product, use it to help everywhere. That is, unless you don't have enough.
Burning 1 liter diesel emits 4.6kg Co2 gas and thus will require high pressure or huge tanks to store it, plus an infrastructure to get rid of it.
Awesome
I'm very surprised they don't all wear safety glasses while they are in the lab!
I love it. I wrote the whole team! You will hear from the guy from nuclear submarines… Phil
No you don't have to keep the trucks running, there are lots of alternatives. I'm glad this technology exists, it should help speed the transition to renewables.
President of Indonesia must know about this video.
There's this great invention called ...trees.
Pretty cool stuff, greatly appreciate the work y'all are doing. Some believe carbon capture is part of a push/plan to be able to maintain the industrial practices we've been following all along in the long run, and while I think there's some truth in that, that doesn't take away it's immediate value in meeting our goals for reduced emissions
Mobile carbon capture is completely retarded and downright evil. Transportation is all about moving the most amount of stuff and using the least amount of gas and ultimately for the cheapest price possible. Sure maybe carbon capture is not completely bogus but mobile carbon capture is like mobile massage why just not practical economical or comfortable
This is a crude beginning but if funding for more R&D is there, this can be a good interim solution.
what's preventing them from just pouring the beads into the thing and just vibrating it to compact them? that should cut it down from days of work to minutes/hours
Very much looking forward to the advancement of this technology! It will work great for hybrid and pure gas vehicles down the line as not only the US transitions but other countries of the world as well. I anticipate there being some sort of dual partnership between these systems and advanced battery systems. Electric engines still have a long way to go as well. Semitrucks have a lot of surface area for adding solar as an option too. So much to look forward to in the future.
I have been really hoping to see inventions and concepts of this nature to get us through this "transition era" because it's unavoidable to think we could just Jump right to a completely different energy/transportation method and this constant idea of "battery vehicles" etc are green, are totally non sense because our power grid and factory systems still fully run on fossil fuels to run the energy/electrical grid/transportation etc. So until we mass provide electricity for the grid in new modern advanced nuclear energy options and alternative power sources, then this type of concept invention is a great perspective on how to approach this problem. 👍🏻
Government funding through taxing industry (especially those who’ve built their profits on the destabilization of the environment) could easily implement this and other sustainable measures.
All the best you guys!
Are you capturing NOX SO2? - since those pollutants pretty bad for our health.
This would also create a giganticly massive increase in the cost of owning and operating a truck this is idiotic. Direct air capture is the only viable carbon capture technology. If you want the price of everything transported on a truck to more than douhble then ya this is a great idea
I think that’s what they’re kind of going for no more owner operated trucks. A breakdown in goods and services and all in all to reduce a carbon footprint of 5%.
Smart.
Is there going to be no issues when the truck is turning at a sharp angle?
You can do this without trashing EV and H2, there will still be millions of combustion trucks on the road for years that need this, even if all manufacturers switched to zero local emissions tech overnight. (And there's still the 20% this solution doesn't capture, that's way dirtier than an EV or Hydrogen rig)
The state of California has already taken notice of this when it initially proposed the now infamous 2035 Internal Combustion Ban, but the trope with this ban is that it applies to automakers building cars with an ICE drivetrain, not that they're trying to get rid of combustion powered vehicles as a whole.
@@TheSilverShadow17 true, but if new combustion engines are banned in 15 states eventually in about 20 more years the problem will take care of itself on the used market. The problem is can they survive 20 more years of extreme weather? Then they need to tackle other shipping like cargo and cruise ships, diesel trains, factories, etc.
@@KaceyGreen I think they still are going to be around even after the next 20-30 years. As I mentioned about California banning combustion powered vehicles, the ban only applies to the automakers, not us common folk using them on a somewhat daily basis. For instance let's say I was one of the vehicle manufacturers in the year 2035 and I tried to sell a brand new car/truck etc that has combustion power. I won't be able to because of then state law that prohibited the sale of said vehicle. But older vehicles that were built with an engine prior to 2035 are still allowed to operate and be driven freely.
@@TheSilverShadow17 exactly, the reason I used 20 years is that was the most recent fleet turnover period but I think it was trending to 25 years at that point
This is a good idea, but switching to internal combustion hydrogen engines makes way more sense. Electrifying is not going to work, and ICH engines are already proven and going into service in the UK.
This should be installed on tankers.
This looks like put over to an already over complex clock another complex clock and said to people come this is gonna cost you...
The scale needed to make a difference is not attainable in such a fragmented market without HUGE amounts of tax money. Further the infrastructure needed to make this efficient over all is massive and will take decades to get back to even with all the new construction. WE CAN NOT CONSUME OUR WAY OUT OF A CONSUMPTION PROBLEM!