I started watching this in 2021 and then paused when I saw it was from 2016, I wondered how outdated the information might be. I love that, what a time to be alive when 5 years can represent an insane amount of scientific progress.
What fascinating research! Thank you for making this available for me to run into on UA-cam. I learned so much. The expansion of evolutionary thinking to microbiology is amazing!
Dr. Gagneux - what a fascinating study. And wow; so VERY glad that you came along late enough for them to recognize what was going on with you and take fast action. You're earning your keep - glad you're with us!
Mass misinformation is severely damaging society. The people who repeat all the same pathetic arguments against evolution make my blood boil. Like a broken record.
It’s probably some combination of tool usage and fire mastery. We haven’t used our teeth to kill for at least 6 million years so it’s definitely not one or the other, but probably both.
The strongest evidence for the evolution of natural population comes from comparative gene sequence analysis of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as protein base sequence analysis. Scientists have used the gene sequence comparisons between species and families to predict the function of newly discovered proteins, since most proteins have also descended structurally from a common ancestral protein forming what is known as a gene family.
one-scientist's-pov true enough, but a fossil is not going to contain the DNA to prove the point in this case of early genus homo, morphology will have to be used.
@@Mdebacle Wow, that's so far off base that I'm not even sure it could be called "wrong". You just made shit up because it sounded good in your head, didn't you? 1) There is no "chimpanzee" DNA in Neanderthals or Denisovians beyond what we all share with them as hominids. 2) Humans and other species of primates (such as chimpanzees) can't interbreed, in part because of elements pointed out by the third speaker. 3) Almost everyone who is not a native of sub-Saharan Africa has 3-5% Neanderthal DNA, from when we interbred with them. 4) Several large groups in Asia have Denisovian DNA, anywhere from 0.5-8%, some people have DNA from a different hominid just referred to as "Unknown". 5) Neanderthals have been found with Cro Magnon (us) DNA, and one with Denisovian DNA. 6) Since we were all apparently so easily able to inter-breed what you mistakenly refer to as "ape-men" were just different variants of Human.
The last talk was especially interesting. I don't know much about biochemistry, but this is a wonderful synthesis of the fields! I'll have to give biochemistry another look.
I hope one day I could get the opportunity to receive a class or a lecture with William Kimble, he keeps you tagged on the presentation in a remarkable way.
Brilliant! Despite the many questions about how and when the genus Homo arose, it seems clear that different early hominins, such as Erectus, Habillis, Rudolphensis and probably others, contributed with distinct features to what later would become our own species.
"Many questions about how and when....probably contributed....would later become" though there is zero data to support that. This is the typical approach in evolution. Pile theories on speculation and inferences and stir well with sophistry. Then present that all as if it is gawd's truth scientfiic evidence. What evidence can you present to show that Lucy - or some other transition du jour - even ever had one descendant, much less one significantly different from it, much less that it turned into you? Cite your data. What evidence can you present to show that the 2.5 to 5 million Darwin years' worth of "missing" links between you and Lucy aren't just non existent, Emperor's New Clothing links? Cite your data. . And btw if you want to fight hard for Lucy as your ancestor, remember that evolutionists constantly change, and disagree over, their theories. For ex. some evolutionists now say, no, Lucy did not hang from your family tree. They say some other - invisible, evidence-free creature from the misty, murky, mythical past - is your true ancestor. . Maybe you aren't any kind of ape update. Maybe you have a Creator, a Heavenly Father Who loves you and wants to you know Him, and to love Him also. Find out who you really are.
Psalm is one of around 11 people who are trying to promote a sci-fi novel about an alien deity that gets mad at humanity by throwing it on anthropology videos. It seems like it'll be fun, if ill-founded. :P
Wow!!! Totally illiterate in all three of the subjects, just armed with an unexplained interest in human evolution. Ended up watching all three lectures. Beautiful.
Hi. Many years ago I was an evolutionary biologist. This whole creation vs evolution business just doesn't happen in the UK. It's a total non-issue, except for a very tiny number of very odd people. But, if I were you, I wouldn't head for Dawkins. He gave up "doing" science decades ago, and has now carved out a career as a completely driven preacher. He's lost a sense of perspective. There are some great books out there dealing with evolutionary theory, and primate (and hence out) evolution (genetic, morphological, and behavioural) and the play-offs that need to be accounted for. There are so many great evolutionary scientists, who actually still work, and write. Go for them. You'll get a really good balanced overview of the field, and the issues being discussed. You'll also have a total blast. Good luck! 👍
@@martinl6133 Wish I could say the same about the USA. We are inundated with mouth breathing "young earth creationists" that refuse to accept that we are animals, let alone that we evolved.
@@BlGGESTBROTHER Why do you believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges for no reason and are related to cockroaches bananas elephants and jellyfish?
Science is a set of methods than can illuminate what is, rationally explain how it came into being and present likelyhoods of what it may become. As these methods provide new information, we update our beliefs.
Thank you for putting on line, all talks were interesting. I liked the references to paleoclimate, fossils in a shoebox, Dmanisi excavations, mammalian sialic acids.
Excellent talks. Really enjoyed it and learned quite a bit. Thank You. Although please give your speakers some water....or Halls. The throat clearing with headphones on is tough to listen to....
No-friggin'-kidding! WOW! If there is any possibility of extracting any remnant of cellular material from the available fossils (just a tiny chain of molecules from a cell wall is theoretically enough - no more need to rely on the probably impossible task of DNA-sequencing fossilized materials) the Homo genus can be backtraced -maybe, possibly, hopefully - to its origin
There appears to be an error in dates at 19:32, at which the speaker refers to the Dmanisi jaw date of 1.8 Ma, but the image (on the right) shows 2.8 Ma. Not sure...?
Evolution means change; Darwin's theory of evolution is based on natural evolution with respect to the evolution of natural populations based on modification through common descent. Thus the earth ( Terra ) has been evolving geologically since it's formation.
I found it hard to follow being very interested in palaeoanthropology but with only a very average brain myself! Oh well, I'll keep trying - enjoyed it though!
I'm sure you would not pipe up with "Science is questions. Only religion makes definitive answers," in response to these kinds of situations: The police officer tells you his radar has clocked you going over the speed limit. You get a drug test and hear the results. You get a blood test and you are told you are seriously anemic. Someone tells you that the smart phone you dropped out of a 3rd story building, onto concrete, is no longer functional. The weather forecast warns you to stay home due to a blizzard coming very soon. Someone shows you that your recreational boat has a leak and says you need to fix it or get out of it and swim for shore. Science, real science, is data based. Questions may be used to find the facts, but the data determines what the facts are, not the questions.
I love the body language. That whole body roll/wave. I inherited their passion on this subject. I'll be rewatching this for rote learning I kept thinking Bill Murray morphed into Jamies Belushi was on stage. Total resp intended there. I'm new to anthropology/archaeology but ever since seeing this 28,000 bone from the Siberian plains with cycles of the moon carved on it, I keep thinking maybe during excessive cold periods, human ancestors near volcanic regions, including Georgia, Turkey but ring of fire Eastern Russia? I think there was likely lots more activity to discover. Just amazing to learn our history. Beyond words the curiosity I have.
I wish they would have said more about Australopithecus and Paranthropus. Some think they are one genus. I wonder what the latest thinking is concerning the forgotten Paranthropus?
Wait I thought it was about human Origins first minute I had my volume off but the imagery just threw me off is it about our diversity or about the origins of humans are they going to roll it up into one big hug around the world by the end
For all the religious people who think to know better than any anthropologist/biologist/cosmologist why don't you write papers on a peer reviewed journal and take your multiple nobel prices?
Luca they do on occasion still...kitzmiller vs. Dover, a real funny one was Kirk Cameron and Ray Comfort' s Rediculous babble on the scientific proof of God.
I'm proud religious and I believe in God, but I'm also interested in this kind of stuff, and I believe also that we are evolved in what we are right now, but remember everything here is not created by a simple "casualty", and all of these are just theories not facts, there are many things in this universe which only less than 0,5% we have discovered yet, even our own planet and bodies, things which even science cannot explain, the facts that everything you can't see don't exist is utterly wrong, we are surrounded by many stuffs which you could never think that are actually possible, open your mind and don't watch only the media, you have to research by your own. Your comment is just another typical uneducated and ignorant way to mock people's belief, I well aware that there are some retarded religious out there, but you ain't better than them also with this kind of comment.
@@roberthofmann8403 Robert, why do you believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges and are related to cockroaches, bananas, elephants and jellyfish when there is ZERO scientific evidence to support such Insanity? I KNOW!! Because the IMPLICATIONS of Evolutionism happen to align with your philosophical worldview!! None of this has anything to do with scientific rigor... it is a HEART issue not a HEAD issue
@@roberthofmann8403 Hey Robert. So just so I can try to understand.. According to the fairytale of Evolutionism, during the course of "500 Million Years" While living in the same environment at the same time, SOME comb Jellyfish were evolving into Humans, while OTHER comb Jellyfish were evolving into.. comb Jellyfish..("Living Fossils") And you believe I am being unreasonable for pointing out the silliness of such a religious belief?
@@Кенжетайұлы :Your delusional" Why do YOU believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges and are related to cockroaches, bananas, elephants and jellyfish when there is ZERO scientific evidence to support such Insanity? I KNOW!! Because the IMPLICATIONS of Evolutionism happen to align with your philosophical worldview!! None of this has anything to do with scientific rigor... it is a HEART issue not a HEAD issue. "Darwin made it possible to be an intelectually fullfilled Atheist" RICHARD DAWKINS
Religious people, I have a simple question for you: Which of the following people is *_humble_*, and which one is *_arrogant_*? *Scientist:* I _do not know_ how the universe came to be...but I will _work tirelessly_ to discover the answer, and not believe anything until there's _sufficient_ evidence, because I respect objective truth _more than_ my own mere beliefs. *Religious Person:* I'm _100% certain_ that the god _I worship_ created everything. And it's _impossible_ that I'm wrong.
I'm religious, Christian...and have no problems with this documentary...nor do I have problems with the idea of evolution...so what is your problem with religions??? Think like a scientists... you think religiously by the way...with preconsepts in the back of your mind.. my foundation is...that God loves me
"how could people who have lived under fruitbearing trees evolve the same that people who have had to survive in arctic conditions?" In answer to your question.. they haven't. To some degree, Humans all over the world have developed adaptations to the environments they live in. People in arid regions have developed more melanin in their skin in response to the harsh sun, people living in high altitudes have a higher concentration of blood vessels in response to less oxygen levels in the air, people whose ancestors farmed cattle developed an ability to digest lactose, this all hapened through genetic mutations. There are many examples that I could supply, there is mountains of evidence, but, would any amount of evidence be enough? Really?
Stretto Dardanelli There is no evidence that Homo sapiens has developed in brain size the last 100 000 years or more. Intelligence consumes much energy, so it seems after reaching a certain level becoming smarter would have resulted in a selective disadvantage rather than advantage because of the scarcity of food. But who knows, maybe Asians are indeed more intelligent than Caucasians (on average). I would have no problem with that, since it would not make me dumber.
Stretto, we were all the fruit-tree people. We were them for 7.2 million years before we were human, and even then we were still the African plain people for another 100,000 years. White people and Asians didn't even appear until a mere 7,000 years ago.
3 excellent talks rolled into one.... A great summary of what is known about prehistoric (proto) human origins and evolution. The selectively spermicidal vaginal fluid mutation as the/a primary Homo speciation mechanism was an amusingly interesting note to end on.
I find the first 2 subjects and speakers very interesting. Regarding Dmanisi and the variation in the specimens and mixed characteristics, it brings to mind fast evolutionary adaptation and variety of such. Dmanisi after all is about first migration we think. So new circumstances, likely new circumstances in the place of origin which led to migration in the first place...that is a lot of changes bringing about experimentation in species.
Mutations can occur then later be removed by a mutation that removes the previous mutation; nullifying mutation. A phenotypic trait can also appear in a population and later become vestigal in another population due to the gene becoming a pseudogene through gene duplication and successive mutations.
one-scientist's-pov : how can a man of average intelligence understand any explanation about the origins of man? When I first read Darwin at a young age I thought I had the answer. But now everything is submitted to review with advances in science due to technological advances and therefore formulation of new theories. What I mean to say I am not going anywhere in my search for an answer. You explanation of things charmed me and I thing you you are the ultimate word. The problem with me though is that someone else might come along with an answer that charms me and I switch side. What am I to do? Believe in God creation of man ( and be called a bigot) or believe in science's answers (always changing opinion - see the Neanderthal upgraded status) and be called atheist ?
Claudio Saltara I understand. We, as humans, make mistakes and change our minds based on those experiences and their outcomes. We learn from failure. I think, as long as we give ourselves room to keep an open mind based on trial and error, we will find the answers to our origins. To subscribe to a rigid belief limits our acceptance and understanding of evolution. And to discount the possibility of creation narrows our research and scientific exploration. That is my humble opinion and is based on my own personal observations of the world around us. Every living thing evolves and adapts related to environment. We are no different.
Want to hear more on the Dmanisi. Early departure from Africa really mixes things up. Lots of genetic data on Denisovans but nothing on Dmanisi. Just too old? No sign of them in our genome?
Piltdown man A History Channel documentary revealed that Louis Leakey said that the Piltdown Man skull was so obvious a forgery that he could tell the skull was a fake from over fifteen feet away because the coloring of the jaw and skull were different. This fact proves the British Museum and all of its hierarchy knew it was a fake and also that it was easy for any expert to know the skull was a forgery and that is why the museum refused to allow anyone to examine it.
Yea Piltdown Man was a hoax and uncovered long ago to be so. It shouldn't even be sited and anyone who does is grabbing a straws at trying to give an example of how evolution in general is a fraud.
indeed, doesn't seem very much. first i thought so, then, i did the math. say 20 years per generation makes 1.6 million. evolution isn't that slow after all, but anyway..
@@johnrogan9420 That's all living beings, and its closer to 4.1 billion or 3.8 billion. The Earth itself isn't 5 billion years old (it's some 4.54 billion years old).
Notice how those who believe in god, a creator, shift their religious belief system to "fit" with the findings of scientific exploration. As a consequence, religious beliefs simply become whatever makes a given person feel comfortable and the initial origin of such beliefs based on so-called Holy Books now becomes completely irrelevant to the believer. The concept of a "God" makes most believers feel good (and protected) so they have no desire to give up this belief. If they have a brain and some knowledge of science, they realize they have to square this belief with known scientific evidence and this is where the very personal interpretation of a Creator is......well, created.
Life is bleak and humanity is cruel and awful the majority of the time. Hence we created the idea of protective gods. Its part of what makes us human. Unfortunately.
The kelp that Dr. Gagneux shows in the start of the third talk is of the genus Nereocystiis (bull kelp) not Macrocyctis (giant kelp).Interesting hypothesis about the loss of a gene for a sailic acid present in other apes.
It was earth dipshit, not clay. A huge difference. Clay consists of mainly minerals and earth/mud consists mainly of carbon and water. The building blocks of life. …...…………...………...Are you noticing anything yet? Yes, indeed, you are definitely thicker than you thought. In fact, you are what's called a superficial sot.
@@Metacognition88 I believe! No I have a theory that between the two of you one could possibly scrape together the makings of one complete brain cell. Being a bronze age shepherd without the benefits of modern science how would you best describe the rise of carbon based life forms? Here's betting that Moses did a far better job of it than you ever could.
You are both arrogant and dumb to assume that you have all the answers. You have the benefit of hindsight and superior knowledge to a man who lived 4000 years ago but I can guarantee you that 4000 years from now some other dufus will be laughing just as hard at you as you laugh at Moses now.
@@normanberg9940 after reading your 3 comments, a few things become apparent about you. FIRST you are a hippocrite: calling somebody a "dipshit" because they used the word *clay* instead of the word *dust* that was used in the KJV of the Bible. You use the word *mud* which is also different from the KJV, which is the most quoted and widely accepted translation of the Bible. So if @E. T. is a "dipshit" then so are you. SECOND you are an Apologist: You mention that Moses is a bronze age shepherd, and if it was only his own ramblings that are NO BETTER THAN ANY OTHER SUPERSTITIOUS MADE-UP STORIES from that time, then fine. But people like you want to say that his writings were inspired by an all-knowing, all-mighty creator of the universe! IF that were true his writings would reflect the being that inspired him, not the bronze-age shepherd knowledge that he exhibits. And finally THIRD: It is that is arrogant and dumb! You are arrogant because you think that you have all the answers. Science NEVER claims to have all of the answers. Science is an ongoing method of DISCOVERING the answers... and as new knowledge is learned, old answers become updated. NOBODY laughs at Newton because his scientific discoveries were improved and added to by Einstein. People DO laugh at ignorant bronze age shepherds because they wrote such rediculous stories along with ALL primitive philosophers of that time. Telescopes, microscopes, carbon dating, and the scientific method allowed HUMBLE people to contribute to the ONGOING quest to understand our universe. NONE of the 4,200 religions have contributed a single fact to our understanding of the universe... only lies, myths, and ARROGENT conclusions.
@@stephenchigwidden7504 Yes. My neighbOUR Learn to spell correctly, Tell me - do you celebrate your homosexuality? You should try the real thing., duckie, chortle.
@k1w1 No but I now call my testicles after you, considering the total bollocks you write, wanker. Suggestion: leave the thinking to those of us best able to actually do it. Honi soit qui may y pense, godemiche. (You'll need to look that up, of course, then realise how apposite it is,)
@@sugarnads Funny that their comment set you off to spew out the typical vitriol that you scumbags always throw out. Any fool who supports a moron who is waging a war on science and our environment doesn't belong on a video like this. Go watch a Trump "University" video about how to scam money out of people and worm ones way into bankruptcy.
I am not a Trump supporter. Frankly, I don't know how any self-respecting woman could be. (But I also detest Hillary--yuck! Some choices.) However, you are incorrect in assuming that Trump does not know or like science. He is interested in developing Molten-Salt Nuclear Reactors and in advancing the Space Exploration. I am certain he has other similar interests.
its shocking to see the white man trying to explain history, when they has destroyed and exploited soo much, most of history are now twisted like they try very hard to do to stay superior, now that the truth is out, i guess a new twist is in order
+Lu Don And here we have the "blame everything on the white man" tactic implemented ladies and gentlemen. Sure sign that you're in the presence of a dull moron.
Technically all of them, we share genes with all living things. It's just a matter of how much. We share 98.8% of our genome with modern Chimps and Bonobos (which is often rounded to 99%), and the hominins we see in the fossil record are likely to be very close to 100%, but there's likely nothing in existence that shares 100% of its genome with you, not even other humans. If we did, we'd all be identical.
@@koba763 creationists don't understand the concept of nested hiearchies. this is long but PLEASE READ. there is a branching pattern of species when you measure their sequence divergence. also there are molecular fossils like endogenous retroviruses and alu elements. alu elements make extra copies of themselves which in turn insert in a random position in the genome. probability of getting two independent alu insertions at the exact same genomic position in two species independently is virtually zero. so, two species which share an element copy at the same location must have been descended from a common ancestor. element inserted in the ancestor and passed itself to descendents. presence/absence patterns of shared insertions PROVE evolution. some elements are found only in humans (recent insertions), some are shared by human and chimp but absent from gorilla position. why? the insertions occured after the gorilla divergence. most are shared with other primates as well. any element which is shared by human and rhesus must also be present in chimp genome (because that element is older than human/chimp divergence). they have tested like 600.000 alu insertions to check whether they confirm the evolutionary tree. (doronina et al 2019). they have found only a dozen (9 as i remember) contradictory insertions. those are because of rare deletions. there've found like 28.000 alu insertions shared by apes but absent in monkeys. this proves that apes share a more recent common ancestor and those were inserted after the old world monkey divergence. old world monkeys like baboon and rhesus also share some insertions which are not found in ape genomes which confirms their recent common ancestry. among apes, some elements were present in great apes but not in gibbons which prove gibbons were the first divergence among apes. (they are called as the lesser apes) all of the patterns had been proven with alu elements.
why do you have bring religion into science. Why do you have poison the well. Religion put up something and you can no longer question it Science change all the time. I hate religion with every fiber of my being.
The Bible IS science, like or hate it or not. It wont change the fact that all the pieces are falling into place, most of the Bible's prophesies have come to pass. Some we are living. Few remain. Chaos is coming to the world, what God calls The Great Tribulation, and world events gives evidence to this. Your hate wont change it: What God has put into Word must come to fulfillment, it has happened many times before without fail, and it will happen again.
I dont believe in anything you just said. I think science is the exact opposite of religion. god dont exist. Why religious belief can be a sensitive subject is because. Those are personal belief. Every religious person have there own interpretation of there religion. The bible was written by some dude 2000 years ago and was written by men . You will never ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever convince me that god exist. If god descended and shine is light on the world i would believe that he is an alien from outer space. So as i said this conversation is useless since i wont convince you and you wont convince me.
@@markuse3472 actually, ragnarok is coming, you silly christian. dont you realize the gods of our ancestors are the ones that are actually true? just kidding, i dont believe in fairy tales, but god? god's totally real, yeah.
I'm about 4-1/2 minutes in and plan to watch until the end, but I don't understand the apparent laugh track. What is this guy saying that elicits this response?
No. What he said was he's not saying that the drying itself was an impetus for the emergence of homo, but that it is associated with a movement into an open/grassland environment. Without more data, it would be impossible to determine whether the environment forced a structural change, or a structural change enabled a change in preferred environment - migration might have been an alternate survival strategy for australopiths.
I really hope drones and the use of artificial intelligence can accelerate the discovery of fossils in the near future. AI in terms of image recognition has come along way and could help these anthropologist alot. I know digging is still required but hopefully soon.
I’ve not watched the video yet, but do they mean the last known hominids, we can’t predict whether environmental pressure will force us to evolve into a different species in the future, although there is a distinct possibility that we will destroy ourselves some day if the religious nut jobs get their way.
@@spatrk6634 Yes and who know we could split into 2 or more species in the future and each of them split. Or this could be the end of the genus Homo. The longest lived of this genus was erectus who lasted close to 2 million years.
I had an interesting thought(I know this is an old video) but towards the end, the discussion on female reproductive selection, couldn't help but think of the denisovan and neanderthal hybrid child, with only one combination working. Would there be a connection at all
We look like we do now because of climate and habitat living 100 and 100 thousands of years 😁👍👍 homo sapiens is many colors now or shape ...but same species...so stop fighting over color 😭😭😭
I started watching this in 2021 and then paused when I saw it was from 2016, I wondered how outdated the information might be. I love that, what a time to be alive when 5 years can represent an insane amount of scientific progress.
Your comment already is from 3 years ago. You might have been evolved into another species by now.
@@worfoz you know your stuff, graduated at the Kent Hovind university?
What fascinating research! Thank you for making this available for me to run into on UA-cam. I learned so much. The expansion of evolutionary thinking to microbiology is amazing!
Very good , no story telling , just the facts.
These guys are heroes for championing our human knowledge and understanding
Love that all of these lectures are online, thanks UCTV
Dr. Gagneux - what a fascinating study. And wow; so VERY glad that you came along late enough for them to recognize what was going on with you and take fast action. You're earning your keep - glad you're with us!
I really hope a lot of these people denying evolution in the comments are bots. Otherwise, we are so fucked.
Mass misinformation is severely damaging society. The people who repeat all the same pathetic arguments against evolution make my blood boil. Like a broken record.
I guess they are religious. Those guys who believe in a white haired wizard who lives on a cloud.
Just ignore them they have no real influence outside of the echo chambers of idiots they populate.
The more we learn and make discoveries in science and history, the less relevant deniers become.
@@Jdelli0916 Exactly. There will always be idiots who are scared of science and logic, but we’re making progress in the right direction.
Tooth size reduction... my first thought... mastering of fire.
Martin Smith, Richard Wrangham with the Leakey Foundation would agree with you. His book, "Catching Fire" is a good read.
No, mastering of tools. No longer need sharp teeth to kill, pierce skin and bone, et cetera
What about less fighting because of better social skills?
We have few social skills today, friend. Look at the 1940s.
It’s probably some combination of tool usage and fire mastery. We haven’t used our teeth to kill for at least 6 million years so it’s definitely not one or the other, but probably both.
The strongest evidence for the evolution of natural population comes from comparative gene sequence analysis of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as protein base sequence analysis. Scientists have used the gene sequence comparisons between species and families to predict the function of newly discovered proteins, since most proteins have also descended structurally from a common ancestral protein forming what is known as a gene family.
one-scientist's-pov true enough, but a fossil is not going to contain the DNA to prove the point in this case of early genus homo, morphology will have to be used.
@@Mdebacle Wow, that's so far off base that I'm not even sure it could be called "wrong". You just made shit up because it sounded good in your head, didn't you?
1) There is no "chimpanzee" DNA in Neanderthals or Denisovians beyond what we all share with them as hominids.
2) Humans and other species of primates (such as chimpanzees) can't interbreed, in part because of elements pointed out by the third speaker.
3) Almost everyone who is not a native of sub-Saharan Africa has 3-5% Neanderthal DNA, from when we interbred with them.
4) Several large groups in Asia have Denisovian DNA, anywhere from 0.5-8%, some people have DNA from a different hominid just referred to as "Unknown".
5) Neanderthals have been found with Cro Magnon (us) DNA, and one with Denisovian DNA.
6) Since we were all apparently so easily able to inter-breed what you mistakenly refer to as "ape-men" were just different variants of Human.
The last talk was especially interesting. I don't know much about biochemistry, but this is a wonderful synthesis of the fields! I'll have to give biochemistry another look.
I hope one day I could get the opportunity to receive a class or a lecture with William Kimble, he keeps you tagged on the presentation in a remarkable way.
When we learn to overlook our subtle differences, we may begin to understand ourselves
Brilliant! Despite the many questions about how and when the genus Homo arose, it seems clear that different early hominins, such as Erectus, Habillis, Rudolphensis and probably others,
contributed with distinct features to what later would become our own species.
"Many questions about how and when....probably contributed....would later become" though there is zero data to support that. This is the typical approach in evolution. Pile theories on speculation and inferences and stir well with sophistry. Then present that all as if it is gawd's truth scientfiic evidence.
What evidence can you present to show that Lucy - or some other transition du jour - even ever had one descendant, much less one significantly different from it, much less that it turned into you? Cite your data.
What evidence can you present to show that the 2.5 to 5 million Darwin years' worth of "missing" links between you and Lucy aren't just non existent, Emperor's New Clothing links? Cite your data.
.
And btw if you want to fight hard for Lucy as your ancestor, remember that evolutionists constantly change, and disagree over, their theories. For ex. some evolutionists now say, no, Lucy did not hang from your family tree. They say some other - invisible, evidence-free creature from the misty, murky, mythical past - is your true ancestor.
.
Maybe you aren't any kind of ape update. Maybe you have a Creator, a Heavenly Father Who loves you and wants to you know Him, and to love Him also. Find out who you really are.
Psalm1Tree
Go away, troll.
No one here wants to hear your babbling.
Psalm is one of around 11 people who are trying to promote a sci-fi novel about an alien deity that gets mad at humanity by throwing it on anthropology videos. It seems like it'll be fun, if ill-founded. :P
Damn right !
@@psalm1tree466 Maybe you live in a dream. Maybe it isn't even your dream. Maybe your self-assurance about your secret knowledge is an illusion.
Very interesting subjects and brilliant presentation. Thanks for sharing !
!
Wow!!! Totally illiterate in all three of the subjects, just armed with an unexplained interest in human evolution. Ended up watching all three lectures. Beautiful.
If you are just getting into human evolution, read, or watch Richard Dawkins.
Thank you so much. Let me check it out. Will let you know what I think.
Hi. Many years ago I was an evolutionary biologist. This whole creation vs evolution business just doesn't happen in the UK. It's a total non-issue, except for a very tiny number of very odd people. But, if I were you, I wouldn't head for Dawkins. He gave up "doing" science decades ago, and has now carved out a career as a completely driven preacher. He's lost a sense of perspective. There are some great books out there dealing with evolutionary theory, and primate (and hence out) evolution (genetic, morphological, and behavioural) and the play-offs that need to be accounted for. There are so many great evolutionary scientists, who actually still work, and write. Go for them. You'll get a really good balanced overview of the field, and the issues being discussed. You'll also have a total blast. Good luck! 👍
@@martinl6133 Wish I could say the same about the USA. We are inundated with mouth breathing "young earth creationists" that refuse to accept that we are animals, let alone that we evolved.
@@BlGGESTBROTHER Why do you believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges for no reason and are related to cockroaches bananas elephants and jellyfish?
Science is a set of methods than can illuminate what is, rationally explain how it came into being and present likelyhoods of what it may become. As these methods provide new information, we update our beliefs.
Thank you for putting on line, all talks were interesting. I liked the references to paleoclimate, fossils in a shoebox, Dmanisi excavations, mammalian sialic acids.
Excellent talks. Really enjoyed it and learned quite a bit. Thank You.
Although please give your speakers some water....or Halls. The throat clearing with headphones on is tough to listen to....
Easy to follow well done .
Would help if u would share the screen the audience is seeing.
Great lecture. Thank you.
Excellent, lucid presentation.
The final presentation was mind-blowing ... I look forward to future news in this area od study!
No-friggin'-kidding! WOW! If there is any possibility of extracting any remnant of cellular material from the available fossils (just a tiny chain of molecules from a cell wall is theoretically enough - no more need to rely on the probably impossible task of DNA-sequencing fossilized materials) the Homo genus can be backtraced -maybe, possibly, hopefully - to its origin
Kaarli,
Spot on. Glycoproteins have always fascinated me.
This video is propaganda
We did not evolve from apes ......Read the Bible if you want your mind blown.
Big words are so convincing ,not always true.
Can someone please explain what the last presenter said? I bet it's amazing, but it was too technical for me, so I missed the point(s)
Watch it a few more times.
@@julianskinner3697 you didn't get too right?
finally a few discussions on Homo habilis
There appears to be an error in dates at 19:32, at which the speaker refers to the Dmanisi jaw date of 1.8 Ma, but the image (on the right) shows 2.8 Ma. Not sure...?
The Dmanisi skulls are 1.8Ma if you're confused.
@@koba763 Right. Not sure why they put 2.8 Ma in the image. Just an error, I guess. Someone didn't proof read. Thanks.
Three excellent presentations!
Is there a phone that interrupts constantly?
Evolution means change; Darwin's theory of evolution is based on natural evolution with respect to the evolution of natural populations based on modification through common descent.
Thus the earth ( Terra ) has been evolving geologically since it's formation.
Fantastic introduction!
I found it hard to follow being very interested in palaeoanthropology but with only a very average brain myself! Oh well, I'll keep trying - enjoyed it though!
Just keep watching and it will start to sink in.
You have to learn the jargon.
Jamie Amen.
I'm sure you would not pipe up with "Science is questions. Only religion makes definitive answers," in response to these kinds of situations:
The police officer tells you his radar has clocked you going over the speed limit.
You get a drug test and hear the results.
You get a blood test and you are told you are seriously anemic.
Someone tells you that the smart phone you dropped out of a 3rd story building, onto concrete, is no longer functional.
The weather forecast warns you to stay home due to a blizzard coming very soon.
Someone shows you that your recreational boat has a leak and says you need to fix it or get out of it and swim for shore.
Science, real science, is data based. Questions may be used to find the facts, but the data determines what the facts are, not the questions.
Jamie Holladay ...u misspelled most of the words u used in this. Making anything u tried to say questionable.
Congratulations to the University of California! 👏👏👏👏👏
Fascinating.
Why doesn’t anyone make the connection between the Lomekwi tools and Kenyanthropus? They’re from the same time and location.
I love the body language. That whole body roll/wave. I inherited their passion on this subject. I'll be rewatching this for rote learning
I kept thinking Bill Murray morphed into Jamies Belushi was on stage. Total resp intended there.
I'm new to anthropology/archaeology but ever since seeing this 28,000 bone from the Siberian plains with cycles of the moon carved on it, I keep thinking maybe during excessive cold periods, human ancestors near volcanic regions, including Georgia, Turkey but ring of fire Eastern Russia? I think there was likely lots more activity to discover.
Just amazing to learn our history. Beyond words the curiosity I have.
Love the sugar presentation
Amazing
I wish they would have said more about Australopithecus and Paranthropus. Some think they are one genus. I wonder what the latest thinking is concerning the forgotten Paranthropus?
australopithecus is a subtribe.
paranthropus is a genus.
Im so very happy no gods, goddesses or any other deities had any part in our creation.
@scratch Those same selections could happen naturally, it would just happen at a much slower rate.
Huh? No wizard living on top of a cloud?
Wait I thought it was about human Origins first minute I had my volume off but the imagery just threw me off is it about our diversity or about the origins of humans are they going to roll it up into one big hug around the world by the end
For all the religious people who think to know better than any anthropologist/biologist/cosmologist why don't you write papers on a peer reviewed journal and take your multiple nobel prices?
Luca Irish
No, italian.
Luca they do on occasion still...kitzmiller vs. Dover, a real funny one was Kirk Cameron and Ray Comfort' s Rediculous babble on the scientific proof of God.
I'm proud religious and I believe in God, but I'm also interested in this kind of stuff, and I believe also that we are evolved in what we are right now, but remember everything here is not created by a simple "casualty", and all of these are just theories not facts, there are many things in this universe which only less than 0,5% we have discovered yet, even our own planet and bodies, things which even science cannot explain, the facts that everything you can't see don't exist is utterly wrong, we are surrounded by many stuffs which you could never think that are actually possible, open your mind and don't watch only the media, you have to research by your own. Your comment is just another typical uneducated and ignorant way to mock people's belief, I well aware that there are some retarded religious out there, but you ain't better than them also with this kind of comment.
Because there aren’t Nobel prizes for people who have the same answer to every question: god dit it.
Thanks for uploading these. Very interesting stuff!
You're welcome
@@roberthofmann8403 Robert, why do you believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges and are related to cockroaches, bananas, elephants and jellyfish when there is ZERO scientific evidence to support such Insanity? I KNOW!! Because the IMPLICATIONS of Evolutionism happen to align with your philosophical worldview!! None of this has anything to do with scientific rigor... it is a HEART issue not a HEAD issue
@@roberthofmann8403 Hey Robert.
So just so I can try to understand.. According to the fairytale of Evolutionism, during the course of "500 Million Years" While living in the same environment at the same time, SOME comb Jellyfish were evolving into Humans, while OTHER comb Jellyfish were evolving into.. comb Jellyfish..("Living Fossils") And you believe I am being unreasonable for pointing out the silliness of such a religious belief?
@@jaydelgado1994 you're delusional
@@Кенжетайұлы :Your delusional"
Why do YOU believe that you are nothing more than a worthless accidental ape that S L O W L Y descended from sea sponges and are related to cockroaches, bananas, elephants and jellyfish when there is ZERO scientific evidence to support such Insanity?
I KNOW!!
Because the IMPLICATIONS of Evolutionism happen to align with your philosophical worldview!!
None of this has anything to do with scientific rigor... it is a HEART issue not a HEAD issue.
"Darwin made it possible to be an intelectually fullfilled Atheist" RICHARD DAWKINS
Religious people, I have a simple question for you: Which of the following people is *_humble_*, and which one is *_arrogant_*?
*Scientist:* I _do not know_ how the universe came to be...but I will _work tirelessly_ to discover the answer, and not believe anything until there's _sufficient_ evidence, because I respect objective truth _more than_ my own mere beliefs.
*Religious Person:* I'm _100% certain_ that the god _I worship_ created everything. And it's _impossible_ that I'm wrong.
I'm religious, Christian...and have no problems with this documentary...nor do I have problems with the idea of evolution...so what is your problem with religions??? Think like a scientists... you think religiously by the way...with preconsepts in the back of your mind.. my foundation is...that God loves me
"how could people who have lived under fruitbearing trees evolve the same that people who have had to survive in arctic conditions?"
In answer to your question.. they haven't. To some degree, Humans all over the world have developed adaptations to the environments they live in. People in arid regions have developed more melanin in their skin in response to the harsh sun, people living in high altitudes have a higher concentration of blood vessels in response to less oxygen levels in the air, people whose ancestors farmed cattle developed an ability to digest lactose, this all hapened through genetic mutations. There are many examples that I could supply, there is mountains of evidence, but, would any amount of evidence be enough? Really?
if the religious person is right then he/she is the humble one lol
Stretto Dardanelli There is no evidence that Homo sapiens has developed in brain size the last 100 000 years or more. Intelligence consumes much energy, so it seems after reaching a certain level becoming smarter would have resulted in a selective disadvantage rather than advantage because of the scarcity of food. But who knows, maybe Asians are indeed more intelligent than Caucasians (on average). I would have no problem with that, since it would not make me dumber.
Stretto, we were all the fruit-tree people. We were them for 7.2 million years before we were human, and even then we were still the African plain people for another 100,000 years. White people and Asians didn't even appear until a mere 7,000 years ago.
3 excellent talks rolled into one.... A great summary of what is known about prehistoric (proto) human origins and evolution. The selectively spermicidal vaginal fluid mutation as the/a primary Homo speciation mechanism was an amusingly interesting note to end on.
very awesome leacture sir
I find the first 2 subjects and speakers very interesting. Regarding Dmanisi and the variation in the specimens and mixed characteristics, it brings to mind fast evolutionary adaptation and variety of such. Dmanisi after all is about first migration we think. So new circumstances, likely new circumstances in the place of origin which led to migration in the first place...that is a lot of changes bringing about experimentation in species.
"A paradoxical ape" ... All of the above plus, "extremely vulnerable to suggestion, superstition, and unsubstantiated make beliefs" yep we are humans!
@J. Buxter-Fleener define what "transitional form" you would accept.
Obviously we should determine which species of homonids shared blood types! great presentation! Thanks you!
Mutations can occur then later be removed by a mutation that removes the previous mutation; nullifying mutation.
A phenotypic trait can also appear in a population and later become vestigal in another population due to the gene becoming a pseudogene through gene duplication and successive mutations.
one-scientist's-pov : how can a man of average intelligence understand any explanation about the origins of man? When I first read Darwin at a young age I thought I had the answer. But now everything is submitted to review with advances in science due to technological advances and therefore formulation of new theories. What I mean to say I am not going anywhere in my search for an answer. You explanation of things charmed me and I thing you you are the ultimate word. The problem with me though is that someone else might come along with an answer that charms me and I switch side. What am I to do? Believe in God creation of man ( and be called a bigot) or believe in science's answers (always changing opinion - see the Neanderthal upgraded status) and be called atheist ?
Claudio Saltara I understand. We, as humans, make mistakes and change our minds based on those experiences and their outcomes. We learn from failure. I think, as long as we give ourselves room to keep an open mind based on trial and error, we will find the answers to our origins. To subscribe to a rigid belief limits our acceptance and understanding of evolution. And to discount the possibility of creation narrows our research and scientific exploration. That is my humble opinion and is based on my own personal observations of the world around us. Every living thing evolves and adapts related to environment. We are no different.
Want to hear more on the Dmanisi. Early departure from Africa really mixes things up. Lots of genetic data on Denisovans but nothing on Dmanisi. Just too old? No sign of them in our genome?
Instant like
so you are a descendant of a black color man ????
No I m serb
And that goes to you as well.
Piltdown man
A History Channel documentary revealed that Louis Leakey said that the Piltdown Man skull was so obvious a forgery that he could tell the skull was a fake from over fifteen feet away because the coloring of the jaw and skull were different. This fact proves the British Museum and all of its hierarchy knew it was a fake and also that it was easy for any expert to know the skull was a forgery and that is why the museum refused to allow anyone to examine it.
Yea Piltdown Man was a hoax and uncovered long ago to be so. It shouldn't even be sited and anyone who does is grabbing a straws at trying to give an example of how evolution in general is a fraud.
Is not it very fast from Habilis to Sapiens in 80.000 Generations?
indeed, doesn't seem very much. first i thought so, then, i did the math. say 20 years per generation makes 1.6 million. evolution isn't that slow after all, but anyway..
That's roughly two million years, Chateau Leon. Keep in mind that each generation is made of thousands upon thousands of individuals, too.
5 billion years of evolution!
@@johnrogan9420 That's all living beings, and its closer to 4.1 billion or 3.8 billion. The Earth itself isn't 5 billion years old (it's some 4.54 billion years old).
Notice how those who believe in god, a creator, shift their religious belief system to "fit" with the findings of scientific exploration. As a consequence, religious beliefs simply become whatever makes a given person feel comfortable and the initial origin of such beliefs based on so-called Holy Books now becomes completely irrelevant to the believer. The concept of a "God" makes most believers feel good (and protected) so they have no desire to give up this belief. If they have a brain and some knowledge of science, they realize they have to square this belief with known scientific evidence and this is where the very personal interpretation of a Creator is......well, created.
Life is bleak and humanity is cruel and awful the majority of the time. Hence we created the idea of protective gods. Its part of what makes us human. Unfortunately.
Cognitive dissonance.
Does that apply to the people who bowed down and worshiped at the altar of Piltdown Man?
Win. Win. Win.
3 inspired speakers.
Naked? You haven't seen my back.
Razor back
Or my balls ;)
The kelp that Dr. Gagneux shows in the start of the third talk is of the genus Nereocystiis (bull kelp) not Macrocyctis (giant kelp).Interesting hypothesis about the loss of a gene for a sailic acid present in other apes.
Okay Jesus Freaks bring on the irrational hate! LMAO
Amazing presentation.
Wow! I thought God formed us out of clay and then blew air into us. 🤔
Yes, must be nice to believe something that requires zero effort and is so convenient.
It was earth dipshit, not clay. A huge difference. Clay consists of mainly minerals and earth/mud consists mainly of carbon and water. The building blocks of life. …...…………...………...Are you noticing anything yet? Yes, indeed, you are definitely thicker than you thought. In fact, you are what's called a superficial sot.
@@Metacognition88 I believe! No I have a theory that between the two of you one could possibly scrape together the makings of one complete brain cell. Being a bronze age shepherd without the benefits of modern science how would you best describe the rise of carbon based life forms? Here's betting that Moses did a far better job of it than you ever could.
You are both arrogant and dumb to assume that you have all the answers. You have the benefit of hindsight and superior knowledge to a man who lived 4000 years ago but I can guarantee you that 4000 years from now some other dufus will be laughing just as hard at you as you laugh at Moses now.
@@normanberg9940 after reading your 3 comments, a few things become apparent about you. FIRST you are a hippocrite: calling somebody a "dipshit" because they used the word *clay* instead of the word *dust* that was used in the KJV of the Bible. You use the word *mud* which is also different from the KJV, which is the most quoted and widely accepted translation of the Bible. So if @E. T. is a "dipshit" then so are you.
SECOND you are an Apologist: You mention that Moses is a bronze age shepherd, and if it was only his own ramblings that are NO BETTER THAN ANY OTHER SUPERSTITIOUS MADE-UP STORIES from that time, then fine. But people like you want to say that his writings were inspired by an all-knowing, all-mighty creator of the universe! IF that were true his writings would reflect the being that inspired him, not the bronze-age shepherd knowledge that he exhibits.
And finally THIRD: It is that is arrogant and dumb! You are arrogant because you think that you have all the answers. Science NEVER claims to have all of the answers. Science is an ongoing method of DISCOVERING the answers... and as new knowledge is learned, old answers become updated. NOBODY laughs at Newton because his scientific discoveries were improved and added to by Einstein. People DO laugh at ignorant bronze age shepherds because they wrote such rediculous stories along with ALL primitive philosophers of that time. Telescopes, microscopes, carbon dating, and the scientific method allowed HUMBLE people to contribute to the ONGOING quest to understand our universe. NONE of the 4,200 religions have contributed a single fact to our understanding of the universe... only lies, myths, and ARROGENT conclusions.
I always wonder what 2 or 3 different homi inds thought of each other at water hole
My gay neighbour thought it was about ancient puffters
Your neighbor sure.
@@stephenchigwidden7504 Yes. My neighbOUR Learn to spell correctly, Tell me - do you celebrate your homosexuality? You should try the real thing., duckie, chortle.
@k1w1 No but I now call my testicles after you, considering the total bollocks you write, wanker. Suggestion: leave the thinking to those of us best able to actually do it. Honi soit qui may y pense, godemiche. (You'll need to look that up, of course, then realise how apposite it is,)
Really sound science not just speculation ‼️ Rave on with substantiated science‼️
Do not EVER say "trump" when discussing science.
How about not trying to show how hip you are and leave your socialist dogma at the door. Just enjoy the damned lectures you twat.
@@sugarnads Funny that their comment set you off to spew out the typical vitriol that you scumbags always throw out.
Any fool who supports a moron who is waging a war on science and our environment doesn't belong on a video like this.
Go watch a Trump "University" video about how to scam money out of people and worm ones way into bankruptcy.
250txc , his comment was in no way “ typical “. And the fact that your comments most certainly are , I find somewhat ironic as well.
I am not a Trump supporter. Frankly, I don't know how any self-respecting woman could be. (But I also detest Hillary--yuck! Some choices.) However, you are incorrect in assuming that Trump does not know or like science. He is interested in developing Molten-Salt Nuclear Reactors and in advancing the Space Exploration. I am certain he has other similar interests.
advancing Space Exploration. oops.
Timeless
Go look around at an airport...or a large city...variation is the key to our evolution.
okay
Спасибо большое, такой интересный доклад, аккуратный. Сейчас Я понимаю что это Дманиси.
Thank you very much 🙏🏽💙🇲🇽
I thought erectus evolved from habilis?
He is serious but also very funny! Cynthia McLaglen
NICE!
I downloaded this Nice upload
its shocking to see the white man trying to explain history, when they has destroyed and exploited soo much, most of history are now twisted like they try very hard to do to stay superior, now that the truth is out, i guess a new twist is in order
+Lu Don And here we have the "blame everything on the white man" tactic implemented ladies and gentlemen. Sure sign that you're in the presence of a dull moron.
DangerDan you think you can commit hideous atrocities on our planet and walk scott free, the world is pissed that you are still freely walking around
LuDon and Danger Dan deserve each other ... please evolve already!
VERY interesting!
From how many homins we have genes ?.. any one??
Technically all of them, we share genes with all living things. It's just a matter of how much. We share 98.8% of our genome with modern Chimps and Bonobos (which is often rounded to 99%), and the hominins we see in the fossil record are likely to be very close to 100%, but there's likely nothing in existence that shares 100% of its genome with you, not even other humans. If we did, we'd all be identical.
@@koba763 creationists don't understand the concept of nested hiearchies. this is long but PLEASE READ. there is a branching pattern of species when you measure their sequence divergence. also there are molecular fossils like endogenous retroviruses and alu elements. alu elements make extra copies of themselves which in turn insert in a random position in the genome.
probability of getting two independent alu insertions at the exact same genomic position in two species independently is virtually zero. so, two species which share an element copy at the same location must have been descended from a common ancestor. element inserted in the ancestor and passed itself to descendents. presence/absence patterns of shared insertions PROVE evolution.
some elements are found only in humans (recent insertions), some are shared by human and chimp but absent from gorilla position. why? the insertions occured after the gorilla divergence. most are shared with other primates as well. any element which is shared by human and rhesus must also be present in chimp genome (because that element is older than human/chimp divergence).
they have tested like 600.000 alu insertions to check whether they confirm the evolutionary tree. (doronina et al 2019). they have found only a dozen (9 as i remember) contradictory insertions. those are because of rare deletions. there've found like 28.000 alu insertions shared by apes but absent in monkeys. this proves that apes share a more recent common ancestor and those were inserted after the old world monkey divergence.
old world monkeys like baboon and rhesus also share some insertions which are not found in ape genomes which confirms their recent common ancestry. among apes, some elements were present in great apes but not in gibbons which prove gibbons were the first divergence among apes. (they are called as the lesser apes) all of the patterns had been proven with alu elements.
such a CLIMAX to end this lecture
Seems Lucy's jaw could be distorted by time soil pressure after burial, perhaps but less likely distortions to teeth.
Luckily no dentists causing this. If you let them, your teeth could be unrecognizable to future scientists. 😂😢
Great video, but for some headphone users the audio might be loud as hell. Tone it down, Editor. That shit hurts the speakers.
Y'ra Exal'ga S'kgs or turn your headphones down?
This guy is giving me Jeff Bridges all day!
The algorithm lead me here
I like it very nice voice perfectly very slowly very nice
Tanzania's Olduvai Gorge and Lake Victoria's Black Africans are the proud parents of humanity.
That's it--- That's all!
there so much more to learn about this
why do you have bring religion into science. Why do you have poison the well. Religion put up something and you can no longer question it Science change all the time.
I hate religion with every fiber of my being.
The Bible IS science, like or hate it or not. It wont change the fact that all the pieces are falling into place, most of the Bible's prophesies have come to pass. Some we are living. Few remain. Chaos is coming to the world, what God calls The Great Tribulation, and world events gives evidence to this. Your hate wont change it: What God has put into Word must come to fulfillment, it has happened many times before without fail, and it will happen again.
I dont believe in anything you just said. I think science is the exact opposite of religion.
god dont exist. Why religious belief can be a sensitive subject is because. Those are personal belief. Every religious person have there own interpretation of there religion.
The bible was written by some dude 2000 years ago and was written by men . You will never ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever convince me that god exist. If god descended and shine is light on the world i would believe that he is an alien from outer space.
So as i said this conversation is useless since i wont convince you and you wont convince me.
@@markuse3472 actually, ragnarok is coming, you silly christian. dont you realize the gods of our ancestors are the ones that are actually true?
just kidding, i dont believe in fairy tales, but god? god's totally real, yeah.
I'm about 4-1/2 minutes in and plan to watch until the end, but I don't understand the apparent laugh track. What is this guy saying that elicits this response?
So much of evolution buried just beneath our feet...the real mystery is what lies way further down ...like 10 miles...lay the answers..
13:33 Isn't that Hodor? :-)
Not the negatives no connection they are pure human.
Like Dylan sang:" The Times are a Changing".
EXCELLENT!!!!! ⛏🔨🔬
Something SWEET . . . anyone? . . . anyone? . . .
Looks like the variability was greater in the past. After a bottleneck the variability probably disappeared mostly.
There was a bottleneck according to geneticists. We nearly didn't get thru it.
Great scientists
So the new way to assert a hypothesis is to say "I'm not saying..." then state what your "not" saying.
No. What he said was he's not saying that the drying itself was an impetus for the emergence of homo, but that it is associated with a movement into an open/grassland environment. Without more data, it would be impossible to determine whether the environment forced a structural change, or a structural change enabled a change in preferred environment - migration might have been an alternate survival strategy for australopiths.
William H. Kimbel
I really hope drones and the use of artificial intelligence can accelerate the discovery of fossils in the near future. AI in terms of image recognition has come along way and could help these anthropologist alot. I know digging is still required but hopefully soon.
Are you all on sailboat? Because this guy can't stop swaying.
So red meat is the key?
So if we're the last hominids, our genus is almost extinct aren't we?
not really.
there are billions of us spread across every corner of the world.
we arent endangered, yet.
I’ve not watched the video yet, but do they mean the last known hominids, we can’t predict whether environmental pressure will force us to evolve into a different species in the future, although there is a distinct possibility that we will destroy ourselves some day if the religious nut jobs get their way.
@@spatrk6634 Yes and who know we could split into 2 or more species in the future and each of them split. Or this could be the end of the genus Homo. The longest lived of this genus was erectus who lasted close to 2 million years.
I had an interesting thought(I know this is an old video) but towards the end, the discussion on female reproductive selection, couldn't help but think of the denisovan and neanderthal hybrid child, with only one combination working. Would there be a connection at all
Australopiths ?
carryall69
I know. Hence the wonder about the deficient spelling.
ah, ok..**
We look like we do now because of climate and habitat living 100 and 100 thousands of years 😁👍👍 homo sapiens is many colors now or shape ...but same species...so stop fighting over color 😭😭😭
"We grow up slowly" you ain't very old...uh?