What caused the Brightest Explosion in the Universe?
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- Опубліковано 9 чер 2024
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00:00 Introduction
01:21 What was the BOAT?
02:04 Gamma-Ray Bursts and their Afterglow
03:26 The BOAT compared to other GRBs
05:21 Sponsored by Incogni
06:34 How the BOAT was unlike other GRBs
08:41 Webb observations didn't find a supernova
09:32 Hubble image of the BOAT's home galaxy
10:08 Did the BOAT's black hole swallow its supernova?
10:53 Was the BOAT caused by colliding neutron stars?
12:22 Why wasn't the BOAT's jets polarized?
13:11 How Galactic dust formed the BOAT's rings
14:35 Thank you Patrons!
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🧭 References:
ApJ Letters - Focus on the Ultra-luminous Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 221009A: iopscience.iop.org/collection...
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Earth - Наука та технологія
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That was an amazing episode!!!
I have a question: if the GRB originated 1,9 billion ly away, how do we know the direction the burst came from. In that time, could've The Milky Way as well as the galaxy nesting the source have rotated in ther respective directions and also moved away from each other even changing angles and all? My doubts originates from the graphics you've shown of a straight line from the source of the GRB until reaching us. Can we for certain and inside some degree of error assume it was a straight line?
I love this channel so much
I love that Voyager 1 was part of the story.
Great video as always!
Thanks a ton!
Really shows just how far away it is
You really know your subject. And I like your presentation style.
Thanks!
I'm in awe by your immaculately clear explanation of the GRB and its related studies. For once, I can actually understand and appreciate how exciting this discovery is! Keep up the good work Christian!
This channel is like a nice burst of gamma rays from the depths of the UA-cam galaxy
The sheer scale of things in this universe is what draws me to astronomy. And, your passion in astronomy and teaching it to the public is what draws me to your channel. I wish I had you as my professor in astronomy. :)
Thank you Jae, I really appreciate it!
Excellent analysis of this incident. Fascinating. Much appreciated.
My pleasure, I'm glad you liked it!
Better to be a BOAT on the ocean than a ship in a bottle. Fascinating stuff Christian, thanks for keeping your style and enthusiasm coming!
It's my pleasure and thank you!
Another fantastic video! Thank you, Christian.
My friend your channel is the best since channel out there, the way you explain things is top noch.
Thank you for you work🙏🏻
Thanks! 😃
Yours videos are always so great. Its a delight to watch. Would love to see one about the great attractor.
Great suggestion!
Great video, good job 👍🏼
3:45 Oh, I can just hear your immense satisfaction with that joke! It almost broke your jaw, didn't it? So... Aren't you going to need a bigger BOAT?
Sometimes the jokes just write themselves :)
Great video. Imagine just walking outside and looking up at the right part of the sky and seeing this happen in real time. I remember watching a video about one of these gamma ray bursts from 2008 and someone claimed to have seen it by chance that day
Fantastic presentation - I appreciate the detailed explanations. I will never look directly at a BOAT ever again. 😉
The more you know... :)
Didn’t even know this happened and it’s crazy to think voyager 1 saw it hope we can get more info off of the BOAT
Another excellent video!
Launch Pad Astronomy is the BOAT of UA-cam science channels
You're very kind, thank you!
Great explanation! I think the most curious thing about this GRB is how incredibly unlikely it is that earth was hit by a “laser beam” from 2 billion light years away. I wonder if years from now we’ll actually understand that it was a black hole communicating with our planet.
Aiming directly at earth, very thankful for the inverse square law.
Great Video, now I am studying Dark Energy and Sark Matter
Voyager is still giving us data after all these decades.
Amazing content
Thanks!
If there was only one burst, accidentally aimed at the earth, there might be many more such gamma burst than we now about.
Its been said, “ Sometimes you get shown the light. In the strangest of places if you look at it right.” :)
4:40 Gobekli Tepe salutes you 🥸
I imagine that gravitational wave detection might add to our understanding by adding another facet of observation.
Yep, and I'm kicking myself for not mentioning it in the video. The LIGO array was actually down for upgrades at the time of the outburst. Had it been up it could have ruled in or out the colliding neutron star hypothesis. Of all the things to forget to mention...doh!
Holy crap! I'm honestly shocked at how bright the BOAT ended up after it was reviewed.
"No, you should never, ever look directly into a gamma-ray burst." 😆
Fascinating, technology has opened so many cosmic doors. Great presentation, thanks for sharing.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Silence answers all questions.
"Ever?" Only in the relatively short period of time we've had sufficient technology to even detect them, who knows how many times prior.
Insane energies, insanely good vids🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
Thank you 🙌
Could we be seeing a giganova designation thanks to this?
Im sure it was far enough away but it goes to show how powerful GRBs are when pointed at us.
We're quite lucky the light from that event reached us when we have the capability to spot it.
I just wonder why its optical afterglow wasn't visible to the unaided eye when a past event did.
♫"Rock the BOAT, . . . don't rock the BOAT baby . . . . "♫
WOW SO COOL OMG😍😍😍
history of astronomy shows that whenever we detect something we consider to be so rare it can only happen once in 10000 years, it almost always happens again the same decade, multiple times. once we start actually looking for it.
7:46.
Nor into a GRASER,.
Eventually.
:)
Aliens nuking each other
5 mins in and I had to check to make sure I accidentally restart the video.
@LaunchPadAstronomy I have a question: if the GRB originated 1,9 billion ly away, how do we know the direction the burst came from. In that time, could've The Milky Way as well as the galaxy nesting the source have rotated in ther respective directions and also moved away from each other even changing angles and all? My doubts originates from the graphics you've shown of a straight line from the source of the GRB until reaching us. Can we for certain and inside some degree of error assume it was a straight line?
Because light travels at c. Normal light from the galaxy would arrive WITH the GRB.
@@Gamebuster But, do we know, unequivocally the source of rhe burst? Or just the general direction?
@@ariblue400 bruh
Other UA-cam channels may upload more often but none come close to explaining what's going on in this universe quite as well as Launchpad Astronomy.
Wow thank you so much!
👏
LPA, six minutesd ago? Time to switch video, let me grab a cool beer as well.
Wow........It lasted a couple of hundred seconds? Why didn't someone call me? I could have set up my telescope and had a look, but...............alas, I missed the boat.
how is it going?, Launch,gorgeous channel- catch ya later,
Row, Jimmy row
Would LIGO in it's current or updated form be able to observe any gravitional waves from this event I wonder?
Yes it would have, if it were colliding neutron stars. Unfortunately it was down for upgrades at the time. Should have mentioned that in the video!
@@LaunchPadAstronomy no worries, I only thought of asking the question once you mentioned the amount of energy it produced.
No problem at all. I was already kicking myself for not thinking to discuss it in the video :)
if it was 1.9 billion years away, does that mean it happened 1.9 billion years ago and the light of that event just barely reached earth?
That's exactly what it means, though it was hardly "barely" so much as it was still the brightest GRB ever recorded.
So the BOAT doesn't floating? Maybe was sinking? Or tumbling, or whoever?
Lots of boat memes, but nothing involving Muhammad Ali, who is the one that created the GOAT catchphrase for Greatest of All Time...
BOAT
so we got sniped
Why boat ? Name it the goat
Maybe the mass ejection was unusually slow. More of the initial superbright radiation escaped unbothered. Less of the massive material was able to participate in the shockwave formation. And the initial radiation would have less of that ejected material to pass through before it faded, compounding both effects. I have no idea if this actually means anything. I'm basically stringing random words together like a parrot.
Looks like the entire world just their dose of gamma ray just because of that explosion.
Or at least the side of the world that was facing it at the time :)
is it possible for one of those things to endanger us or give us cancer? what's the closest one of those GRB's could happen to us?
In principle yes, but as a matter of practice probably not. There aren't any supernova candidates within "striking distance" of Earth right now, let alone GRB candidates. Of course we could always get remarkably unlucky...
I think there is no natural way to keep a beam in the direction of our Galaxy (let alone the Solar System!) for 5 minutes at a distance of 2 billion ly. Even the telescope would need correction. It must have been one large body at highly relativistic speeds.
i think and i hope, all of you scientists are wrong!! this is actually the first species that tried using the power of the Omega particle and, unfortunately, they failed. but they'll manage and visit us :)
Occam's razor to the rescue :)
I'm sorry but how do you just blind a telescope like that? I hope the Fermi telescope is okay now
Fermi's Large Area Telescope was saturated by the burst, so it had to stop taking data before its detectors could be damaged. Hence it was "blinded" by the BOAT. The missing data was later reconstructed from additional observations made with other instruments in order to figure out how much energy really had to have been hitting Fermi's LAT at the time.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Thank you for the explanation the sound of a telescope being blinded was absurd to me so I was confused
So... we are lucky, because the galaxies itself damped the intensity of the burst.
The good news is that at 1.9 Gly away, we wouldn't have received a harmful dose of radiation if the burst weren't obscured by either galaxy. But we are lucky in the sense that we got to see it at all!
What would happen to creatures like we know them, on a planet a few lightyears away from such an event?
It would depend on the creatures in question and their habitat of course but suffice to say it would be an otherwise lethal dose of radiation for anything on the surface during the burst.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy I feared so. And up to what a _bigger_ distance would it have to be lethal?
They prolly big ded
I don't have a calculation handy but my understanding is that depending on the orientation of the burst, its energy, the amount of surrounding dust, etc., a well-aligned GRB could sterilize ~50,000 light years across a galaxy's disk.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy That's quite an interesting factor then for an assessment of the chances of an existence of higher extraterrestrial organisms in our galaxy, isn't it?
12 hundred years ago the Chinese learned how to track a supernova explosion. This time the Americans cheated the first to detect this explosion and pretended to outdo the Chinese who were the first to record the explosion on Mars.
The "Brightest Of All Time' (BOAT) is a rather arrogant title. It implies that Time did not exist before humanity on Earth. The Brightest Of Human Existence (BOHE) would be more like it, IMO, and even that is an assumption. Really only since we've had telescopes to zoom in and then more precise instrumentation to study them and develop our Theories. These advanced spacecraft certainly help. Not to disparage you, Mr. Ready, just relaying my take on its title. You are just reporting what's known and imagined so far and I thank you for that. A very interesting report. It's good that the event can continue to be studied. Theories are expanded and/or corrected through learning and further study will help to discover more about what really happened in this event. Too bad some precious time was lost from blockage by our Sun. Thank you, Sir.
THAT is picking a meaningless nit.
Humanity age is 6,000 yrs old. 🤦♀️🤦♀️🤦♀️🤦♀️🤦♀️ Where did I heard that. The church 🤪
The naming conventions for galactic phenomena are awkward, consume too much space, and don't engage with the public. There's nothing inspiring about GRB 221009A. They should start naming them. 'Cosmic Dawn', 'Galactic Sterilizer'. Astronomers still have a lot to learn about public engagement. A handful have done it well, but the catalogue of names needs a remake. There are trillions of recordable phenomena, so naturally...we'll NUMBER them?
They couldn't have called it the Greatest Of All Time?
For DAM sake you cannot have black holes in a black environment
As a bit of an amateur expert on this I've been making the prediction that this was caused by a pair-instability supernova which kind of make hypernovae look tame in comparison. From my point of view this is evidence of the pattern of baryogengesis occurring inside the unstable blitzar. Now a stable blitzar will spin into forming the ringularity at the centre of the newly born rotational black hole. An unstable blitzar the ringularity doesn't form but rather, due to the extreme non-linear field dynamics, causes the formation of positron and electron pairs to form which then go on to annihilate one another. Although baryogengesis, by my Big Bang Kilonova model, happens inside the newly born black hole in the case of a pair-instability supernova we get to see the pattern of baryogengesis as it is not hidden or trapped by the event horizon. Thank you ever so much for handing me the evidence that I can use to build this argument Also good work, I was wondering when talking GRB duration if you mention the kilonova with the long-GRB; which off course you did. 😁😁😁😁
The lameness of the usual suspects and their de rigueur invocation never fails to astonish me. Instead of just admitting that here is an unknown phenomenon, extremely specific and so also extremely unlikely conditions are hypothesized. New ideas are stillborn , because they appear in a idea-sterile, hostile groupthink academic world that instantly kills them.
I'm not sure I can agree with your statement, given that ideas are the very genesis of the hypotheses we test. Hypotheses such as colliding neutron stars and core-collapsing stars producing GRBs in the first place. So far, those hypotheses have held up under scrutiny, but now the BOAT may be challenging them. Far from stillborn, this is exactly the kind of new phenomena we hope to find so that hypotheses can either be revised or discarded in favor of better ones. That's how science works.
BOT