Units of History - Warships of the Carthaginian Navy DOCUMENTARY
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- Опубліковано 26 вер 2024
- A documentary on the Carthaginian Navy and its warships! Click the link www.blinkist.c... to start your free 7 day trial with Blinkist and get 25% off of a Premium membership.
Carthage is primarily remembered through its conflict with Rome over the course of the Punic Wars. However its history stretches far beyond this brief window and includes a long naval history worth discussing. In this video we seek to trace the long history of their exploits at sea starting from the rise of Carthage to the eventual fall of Carthage.
We begin by looking at the Phoenician ancestry of the Carthaginians. It was these people who had pioneered many early methods of ship construction and navigation which allowed them to become a formidable trading power over the course of the Bronze Age. When Carthage was founded by the city of Tyre, it would soon take up the mantle of these naval traditions and use them to gain control of the western Mediterranean. We take a look at the types of warships fielded by the Punic Navy ranging from the humble monoreme to the trireme and the hulking quinquereme. The documentary discusses the ship construction, staffing, and training necessary to keep such a massive fleet in operation. When it comes to warfare we discuss the many naval tactics used by ancient navies and some of the specific stratagems of the Carthaginians.
Finally we turn to our coverage of the service history of the Carthaginian navy which stretches over its entire history. We discuss the the clashes with the Greeks at the Battle of Alalia and the many Sicilian wars fought along this important island. We then cover the climactic Punic Wars against Rome with a special focus on the First Punic War. It was this conflict which saw some of the largest naval battles of its era including the titanic Battle of Ecnomus and the Battle of the Aegates Islands. And finally we cover the siege of Carthage in the Third Punic War.
What Units of History should we cover next? You can learn more about the forces of other civilizations here :
THE AFRICANS
Nubian Archers : • Units of History - Nub...
The Sacred Band of Carthage : • Units of History - The...
Carthaginian War Elephants : • Units of History - Car...
The Numidian Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
THE NEAR EAST
The 10,000 Immortals : • Units of History - The...
Sassanid Horse Archers: • Units of History - Sas...
THE BYZANTINES
Byzantine Flamethrowers and Grenadiers : • Units of History - Byz...
The Varangian Guard : • Units of History - The...
THE HELLENISTIC WORLD
Macedonian Silver Shields : • Units of History - The...
Macedonian Companion Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
The Spartan Skiritai : • Units of History: The ...
The Spartan Royal Guard : • Units of History - The...
The Sacred Band of Thebes : • Units of History - The...
Mycenaean Chariots : • Units of History - Myc...
Balearic Slingers : • Units of History - The...
THE ROMANS
Roman Cataphracts : • Units of History - Rom...
Roman Army Spies : • Units of History - The...
Roman Army Scouts : • Units of History - The...
THE NORTHMEN
The Jomsvikings Mercenaries : • Units of History - The...
Viking Berserkers : • Units of History - Vik...
Early Germanic Warriors : • Units of History - Ear...
THE EASTERN EUROPEANS
The Druzhina : • Units of History: The ...
Sources and Suggested Reading:
"The Carthaginians" by Dexter Hoyos
"Carthage's Other Wars" by Dexter Hoyos
"The Fall of Carthage" by Adrian Goldsworthy
"Carthage Must be Destroyed" by Richard Miles
#history
#documentary
#army
What Units of History should we cover next! For now you can learn more about naval history through our sponsor Blinkist! Go to www.blinkist.com/invicta to start your free 7 day trial with Blinkist and get 25% off of a Premium membership.
Ancient Asian warships?
Spartans
Viking Longships?
The old guard of Napoleon
Mongol horse archers or something similar (I think smth similar might have been covered before)
Maybe drummers or flutes or musicians in European armies during the era of muskets and line infantry
Next episodes candidates list
Asia:
1. Han empire crossbow
2. Samurai
3. Korean navy
4. Thai elefantry
Middle East:
1. Rajputas
2. Sasasnids heavy cavalry
3. Armenian archers/cavalry
4. Janisares
Europe:
1. Gallowglass
2. Genoa crossbows
3. Winged hussars
4. Musketeers of the military household of the King of France
Africa:
1. Mamluks
2. Dagomean Amazons
3. Ethiopians Shotelai
4. Zulu warriors
America:
1. Aztecs Jaguar Warriors
2. Cherokee cavalry
3. Incas military forses
4. Mayas military forses
This video was excellent. Nice job Invicta.
Gotta love the Romans approach to naval conflict.
"Learn to sail?"
"Nah, let's turn it into a land battle"
@@clarkstartrek Romans very much learned the hard way every time. They won a huge costs to their military and political infastructure which left the Greco Roman successors stuck with two corrupted institutions that formed the core of their society. Rome could have been so much more, and could have continued as a state to this very day instead of Italy had they tried to learn the easy way just once when it mattered.
Fun fact the Japanese also took this stance and one good look at this is hideyoshis invasion of Korea
@@geordiejones5618 that’s a big stretch. Romans prior to the empire period was extremely maleable in every facet of life: socially, militarily, politically, economically, etc. If you make an analysis based on everything we know nowadays, then the depth of said analysis turns out reductionist and shallow. Everyone is a genius in hindsight. During Romes time, no other nation adapted so well as the Romans.
@@fl3669 i mean, he probably talked about how everytime they adapted they did commit a mistake in order to correct it and learn how to face the situation
@@Tommy15670 yes, a mistake in hindsight. But Rome’s strength come from learning from those mistakes, unlike most nations during that period. The other guy said that these mistakes corrupted Rome’s institutions, but even if true (it isn’t, romes corruption comes from other causes) what was the alternative? Ending up like Carthage? Like the Gauls? Like the Etruscans?
Nice to see that Carthage finally gets some love. Such an underrated civilization. Praise Tanit!
And furthermore....
"Cartago delanda est!"
Blessed from Baal
its like when you want rome but mom says we have rome at home
Not underrated at all
@@65stang98 that rome copied rome at home navies so your point is trash
The Carthage harbor is *mental*. Hell, the sheer number of enormous defensive measures and man-made harbors and such things people across history erected *without* motorized cranes and modern industry is amazing.
You can still see its layout today in google earth
@@-carthage7779 that’s awesome. I always thought that it was reconstructed later. Great to know it still stands today. Have you been there?
@@fl3669
yes i'm tunisian i have visited carthage ruins
@@bjorntorlarsson That genuinely doesn't surprise me lol. "Alright. These ships have five thousand pieces, we've got five legions. Every man carries a piece!"
@@5peciesunkn0wn Do you really think that a single ship would've been enough for an entire legion?
40 mins?? I am getting spoiled
I believe its our longest Units episode yet!
With the intro of rome one music too😊😊
Haha exactly what I thought when I saw
*We* are getting spoiled.
@@Insectoid_ the joke was funny once but you cannot keep repeating a joke and expecting a laugh.
People outside of Britain exist.
Finally someone making a detailed documentary on ancient navies. This is a fantastic video.
Thanks to the community for voting for this awesome topic
Kings and Generals talked about triremes too.
40:39 min? Geez guys, that is probably the longest video of this format and I love every second of it. Thanks for all the effort and the amazing quality as always 🥰
Thanks to you guys for supporting us! You can catch art downloads for the episodes on our Patreon www.patreon.com/InvictaHistory
Aw, geez Rick! I read your comment in Morty's voice...
You might also want to watch the siege of Jerusalem. It's even longer and equally interesting.
I just visited the Roman ruins of Carthage and we saw the round harbor (or what remains of it) still there. Fascinating...
ان كلها آثار قرطاجية بحتة
Finally, Carthage is getting some appreciation 🇹🇳
Finally? They've done like 20 videos on Carthage lmfao
@@dtice69 yeah you're right, what I meant is that more and more channels in the community are becoming more interested in Carthage and and in this case making multiple videos about it, that wasn't the case a few years ago
wonder what tunisia has to do with it
@@R3LAX94 it's like saying what italy has to do with Rome, Carthage empire was in Tunisien land all it's history was there, our great grand fathers where part of it, don't understand the concep and if you check our DNA you will find Berber and Punic and Phoenician as well as of course Middle eastern .
as someone who's familiar with the subject I can imagine how much effort was put into this, outstanding video, hope this series gets the attention it deserves
18:23 It's really fantastic to be able to understand the Punic language, even barely. I speak Modern Hebrew and "Adirim" is now plural for "Adir", "Great One" or just "Great" or "Awesome" if used as a adjective. "Rab" or "Rav" in Hebrew is still used to indicate seniority, as in "Rav Aluf" - Senior General, the hightest rank in the IDF. "Mehanet" sounds alot like "Mahane", Camp or Base and Sheni means "Second", so that would probably be something like "Second Officer" translated. I am doing this without any sources, so if anyone actually knows better, do tell!
Europe a fascinating place
That's very interesting. Old Punic and modern Hebrew are of the same family but millenia apart. I once read how the old Indo-European word for "bear" became the modern word for bear in modern languages such as Sanskrit as well as nearly all the European languages. If I am not mistaken this and other Indo-European words also found their way into Chinese.
@@ahoosifoou4211 neither the Phoenicians nor the carthiginians nor the Hebrew language come from Europe.
Came here to comment that.
That moment of "wait what?" When I could clearly see meaning in a Punic word was something else.
@@fl3669 tell them the language family of Hebrew and Punic /Phoenician my guy😂😂they need to hear this🤗🤗
Wow what are the odds I have been obsessed with carthage recently and not only that I’ve been trying to look for a naval video specifically in this channel and here we are lol
Great video, amazing content
Love from TUNISIA, here's hoping we return to greatness one day 🇹🇳🇹🇳
Wouldn't hold my breath
I'll hold your breath for you
@@midoo_cherni lol good luck with that, backwater
Never😂😂😂
I'm glad that regular people are creating documentaries on the Carthage civilization. There are so FEW documentaries that cover Carthage and it's almost always about the Punic Wars.
As someone writing a novel set in the ruins of Carthage after the Third Punic War, this really helped fill in gaps I hadn't even thought about. Sincere thanks for the research hours you just saved me!
Sam , how connected were Phoenician settlement, trading towns, boat maintenance area,- with good old Judaism back home in Lebanon near ISRAEL?
Seems primary use of Phoenician boats was trade in the harbor outside , and Navy to defend , not conquer. Rab or Rav and Rabbi .
@@robertknowles2699 jew
These are always so good! I would love to see one on the Norman Knights!
Same here!
Really noteworthy topic to discuss, conquering lands from Normandy, England, Sicily and the Holy Land
One of the best videos I've seen in my entire life. I LOVE Carthaginian history, and it is so interesting to think about how much different the world would be had the Punic Wars
1.) Not happened (unlikely, obviously)
2.) Turned out differently (possible)
Or
3.) Culminated in the first war, forcing both empires to turn their attentions to other holdings in the long run, the Romans toward the East and North, and the Carthaginians toward the West and possibly even South. We know Carthaginian sailors sailed around West Africa, so it is possible that they would try to extend their imperial grip to West Africa!
Option #3 makes an interesting alternate history. Perhaps, Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean continue as Roman, whereas Western Africa forms an enlarged Carthaginian Empire.
I could see contests for control of the British Isles, and possibly (on the side of the Carthaginians) exploration/colonization of the Western Hemisphere.
@@lausdeo4944 Absolutely. Exploring the Atlantic was extremely difficult even for Atlantic powers in our timeline until the invention of the Caravel, yet Carthage voyaged completely around West Africa hundreds of years before the death of Christ, let alone the end of the Western Roman Empire.
In such a scenario, we might actually see much less of a bloodbath in the Americas (which in this timeline would likely be known as the Barcids, or something adjacent to that), as the wave of disease that weakened the Americas up for Spanish domination would have came without the capacity for intercontinental empire and, more importantly, cannons, to bombard coastal cities. The Natives would be able to repopulate, and would likely make fast friends with the Carthaginians, who were usually heavily interested in economic ties rather than war.
This could butterfly out in any number of ways, but would likely lead to the development of urban centers on the coast of the Americas FAR earlier than in our timeline, and would bring about the sharing of scientific achievements between the continents, leading to a very different New World, one where it is scientifically and economically on pace with the Old World. Just imagine the art, culture and science that would come out of something like that.
Agreed on the comment that ancient naval warfare is overlooked. I think you guys did it justice. :)
Liking it before i watch it. Coz I love everything these guys produce.
I was sad when I saw the previous short was just that. Now I am pumped!
Yes pls. Could u also cover the Roman and Byzantine fleets?
Wow! History that very few of us know about. Many thanks for all the research and labor that went into this presentation!
Awesome job! Keep covering Carthage stuff!
Surely you wouldn't have any biases regarding Carthage at all.
A wonderful presentation.
Love the art in this one, reminds me to the wide beautiful shots of "Banner Saga".
The art in this video is pretty insane
It's amazing there's any records of Carthage at ALL, considering the way Rome aniahlated the civilization. Rome learned, We reap what We Sow !! GREAT video. Keep it up !!
Damn this is good. Huge admiration for everyone involved in making these documentaries of yours.
Man who ever does the art is an awesome person. I click because they look so badass.
This video impressed me. I never before saw such a deep dive into the Carthagenian navy (or dive down to, for those ships that went down). This video broadened my horizon, thanks.
Goddamn Invicta, Putting most "professional" documentary makers to shame with this one
Fuck yeah, thanks Invicta
Carthage is one of my favorite ancient civilizations, love the vids!
Please make more videos about ancient sea battles detailing the tactics. Amazing video as always!
The Carthaginian dock looks a lot like separatist lucrehulk ships from episode 1.
🤣 true
When I saw Invicta uploaded a 40 min vid about Carthago And Fhecking marine combat I knew I was gonna sleep good tonight
Absolutely phenomenal documentary on a woefully underrated topic!!
Oh my Tanit!!!! This is a dream you guys made this video!!!!! I will rewatch many times.
Anyways my recommendations are more Carthaginian or Phoenician units. Or some Bronze age Canaanite military units. Thank you guys for covering this culture so much lately or the many other Carthaginian videos you guys have made before. Keep them coming!
A superficial study of the Sicilian wars and later the first Punic war, seems to indicate that the Carthaginians didn't so much have maritime superiority because they had a good navy, but rather, because they had A navy. Something that most poorer contemporaries at the time most likely could not afford. But looking at their outcomes of the battles between Carthage and the Sicilian Greeks, and later the Romans, it looks like they lost at least as often as they won. So aside from possible historical bias, finding merit in Carthaginian prowess at sea, is not easy.
But didnt the romans copied Carthaginian's ships in order to beat them? Im not saying that what you say is wrong, but the Carthaginians did have a decent dedicated navy (at least on ship designs), i think that probably they suffered from the same problems we have today, states try to give soldiers the better equipment but they dont really give them what they need or dont command them effectively enough to avoid big loses
@@Tommy15670 Yea, they did
That was also one of the strengths of Carthage.
They could build good to first-class ships "quickly" and thus compensate for needs and losses.
To be fair with Carthaginians, that's not exactly what happened. It's true that they keep naval supremacy because pure force of numbers in early stages, but they were also skilled sailors. Carthaginian naval designs and maritime tradition were based on their Phoenician ancestors, and their ships and naval manoeuvres were far superior to those of most western Mediterranean peoples. Even if they became overwhelmed by heavier assault marines in boarding attacks, such as Romans and Greeks, they still had one of the most powerful navies of Antiquity up until the Second Punic War.
@@armandom.s.1844 that's indeed what we keep hearing (reading) from contemporary sources. How good they were in sailing, or how good were their ships. But even if all that was indeed so, the outcomes of their naval battles with other powers of similar might or determination seem to indicate otherwise. Either their maritime skill didn't translate well to the field-sea of battle, or it was seriously overestimated. Hence the hypothesis that perhaps their true might wasn't so much in prowess as it was in capability to maintain and project naval presence. After all, if you are the only one that can do it, you are automatically the best at it, right?
@@Tommy15670 i agree. And i'd even consider their navy more then decent. But was it really that good? Or just above average? Or were they considered the best just because they were the only ones that can do it? Indeed the sources say the Romans copied their design. And look what happened afterwards. In a decade they blasted the Carthaginians out of the water (so to speak). You don't become better then the best in such a short time. Not unless the best one isn't that good to begin with.
The ship illustrations are simply beautiful. Very well done and intersting Video. Its a shame, that it doesnt get more viewers !
I'll be honest I never thought I'd be so interested in naval history, I've been neglecting looking into it. I'm exceptionally happy I stopped by! I'm looking forward to more naval videos
I hope we get more Carthage related videos! Thanks for the awesome work
Wonder what breakfast, lunch, & supper will consist of. Seems a co-op of Viking & Lebanon/Israel boat building would include meat, porridge w sugar, peanuts, butter, oats, and bread. Hauling a boat up those incline ? Rowing another co-opertive act to get together. Lowering of land tax near the water where these boat are practically ecologically utilized?
A superb documentary! Thank you, Invicta!
The rowers of these vessels must have undergone a tremendous amount of training to co-ordinate their actions so that their oars did not interfere with one another. Also, I can't help but wonder if some ancient naval engineers ever considered the possibility of hexaremes, heptaremes, etc.
They probably reached the limit of what could be powered by oar with the quinquereme. If they wanted to make bigger ships I imagine it would have been more worthwhile to rethink the design rather than try and figure out how to fit more rowers. Imagine trying to turn a ship as long as a quinquereme, now imagine trying turn a ship with hundreds of tons of displacement that's 50+ metres long.
The rowers of those vessels were slaves. Nothing like regular whipping to encourage coordination.
Larger ships were possible and made but were impractical for warfare, mostly held a ceremonial role. Check out the crazy ships made in Greek Egypt.
Absolutely. On those warships, 300 men lived or died together, based on their skills to function as unit.
During the Helenistic period, warships got quite large and ships with up to ten banks of rowers were common.
In fact it got quite extreme, with absolute monstrosities built that were crewed by thousands.
You'd probably like to read about it here :en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenistic-era_warships
@@darrenjpeters video says they were free men
I dont recognize how 40 minutes passed. Well written and well researched video as always. Love the design of Carthagenian warships and harbour. It is sad the city and harbour didnt last to this day. I damn these Romans destroy this beautiful city.
Thank you İnvicta for bringing us history.
The quality level of these documentaries is so good that it is almost wrong to watch them for free.
I've never seen the topic of ancient navies discussed in this level of detail. Very well done. Thank you so much for this.
I didn't know anything about this - thanks for the information
Thanks very much for this lovely video
I'm curious if the rowers were ever taught or incentivized to fight once two ships was grappled to increase the force from just a dozen of marines to hundreds
Well, im speaking without knowledge, but they're foreigners voluntarily working for the armies of a state rome is at war with, so they're ending as slaves or killed , so my guess is that yes, they fought.
I love the art !
But what impresses me the most is the quantity of ships and men as well as the massive organisation behind it all. It seems there was a lot of cannon fodder back then. Millions of people with short lifespan who could not live long enough to become conscious of the value of their life.
Thank you from TUNISIA CARTHAGE 🇹🇳
Forget about Jutland, the battle of Agnomus, whether by the sheer number of ships or manpower involved, is by far the largest naval battle in all of human history. It's insane that such a concentration of men and warships was even possible in antiquity
HELL YEAH! Please do more Carthage guys !
Fantastic video on historical units!
Please keep it up good sir!
God damn, now I want to fire up Rome 2 TW again.
I play a lot of Medieval 2 TW with the Europa Barbarorum mod. Videos like this are right up my alley.
Fantastic video!
This is an amazing video, thanks!
Carthage doesn't get the appreciation it should unfortunaley.
Amazing video & content!
Not even the history channel at its peak, this is awesome.
Carthage was such great culture, they had a lot of potential and potentially they had even the chance to become an empire. But unfortunately, the house of the Barcids was extremely hostile to Rome and Rome too turned to hostile towards Carthage.
In the end, there was no other chances than war.
Maybe in an alternate universe civilization and peace have forged this world differently. It probably be, since there are infinite alternate universes.
@Genius Art no, there are more.
Para mi es impresionante que los romanos lograsen copiar la construcción de un barco cartaginés encallado en sus costas y eventualmente vencerlos en una batalla naval 🧐
🧐🧐
They adopted unique strategy of boarding ship.otherwise carthaginian s would destroy 1000 roman navies in traditional methods
@@animicknath290 not that many.
But without the Corvus it would have been way harder for them.
Los romanos eran maestros en aprender de sus enemigos y adaptarse a nuevas formas de guerra. Por ejemplo, la espada de los legionarios, la Gladius, fue creada en base a la espada usada por las tribus ibéricas.
@@animicknath290 Yeah but also ironically during the days of the Byzantine Empire they also lost a naval battle against a people with no previous naval experience, the Arabs, during the Battle of the Masts
The narrator's voice is soooooo much more soothing than narrator in other clips. Please make this the norm.
Was good. Felt like 40 minutes was 5. Great work man.
Fantastic , well done .
What a Saga! One of the best topics covered in recent memory. And 40 minutes? Say less...
A great video again ! Thank you a lot for all those videos of quality !
Greetings from France !
Loved this! Great job guys on the video.
The Romans strategy of “get us closer so we can stab them with our swords” AT SEA would do the Emperor proud 😆
The Emperor protects.
That was such a roman moment😂
I burst out laughing when i heard that
I enjoyed every second of it, GREAT job 👏🏻
Proud to watch such a quality of my country's history 🤘🏻
Carthaginian ships come with IKEA instructions on how to assemble them
The Romans were lucky to find the instructions. Lucius Ikeaus saved Rome
As a Navy nut, and someone who loves Carthage and Ancient history, This video just feels like it was made for me.
Great video, awesome graphics as always 👍
Great job . I thoroughly enjoyed this video keep up the good work.
I love your videos Invicta !
Amazing and fantastic video.
This was a great companion to the book I'm reading 'The Fall of Carthage'!
It's surreal watching a video about a nation that spoke a Semitic language, all the Carthaginian terms noted in the video have cognates in Hebrew with more or less the same meaning, so I'm like, oh yeah I know what those are.
(e.g. in Hebrew "Rab" is "master", "Mahanit" is related to maḥane "camp", "sheni" is "second" (the number-second, not the time-second))
Even the name Carthage itself is the result of a game of telephone on transliterations and pronunciation shifts from something like the Hebrew kiryat-ḥadash, "new city", IIRC in their language it was kart-ḥadshath or something like that
Just What I needed
Very impressive!
OMG, I am begging you to make a episode about the DACIANS and their feared weapon the Falx. We can see the Roman helmets being reinforced because of the Falx. This weapon sliced helmets in two and what was inside it with just one blow. I say Dacians are worth an episode.
Excellent video and topic!
I've always found Carthage really interesting. Great video.
An incredible video. Thank you much for all the research and animation!
As usual amazing work brother keep up the great work!
Thoroughly enjoyed this!
I love this channel! wish you uploaded more often but research doesnt happen fast...especially in-depth and historically accurate research.
Awesome, awesome, awesome. Nice graphics too, guys.
Great video. Thanks
The intro on Carthage was already better than much of the carthage docus Ive watched last couple of days! None mentioned Tyre by name, neither the difference in governance.
Awesome video! Loved watching this informative look into the past!
Any carthage video... i press like before it starts.
Very good video with a lot of wonderful information. I highly enjoyed it. Kudos.
What a treat, thank you
Perfect videos for units of history
Sorry I'm late viewing...
I'm always up for historical naval history, can't wait to finish the video.
Top quality documentary!
Don’t care what unit what age 40 minutes of INVICTA!!!!
Thank you for doing such a great job with all this teaching -- my future children thank you too
Damn good job guys! Absolutely awesome. Thank you
you had me at the rome tw music