What is TPLO surgery?

This animation shows a dog’s knee viewed from the side. The two largest bones are the femur (thigh) and tibia (shin). Unlike in humans, a dog’s tibia has a sloping upper surface. On average, it slopes backwards by 25-30 degrees. Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) allow the femur to 'roll downhill'. Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) stabilises the knee by reducing the slope to 0-5 degrees.
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