2023 IIN Symposium - "Photomolecular Evaporation from Hydrogels and Pure Water" by Gang Chen
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- Опубліковано 28 вер 2024
- Gang Chen
Carl Richard Soderberg Professor of Power Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Recent experiments have revealed that evaporation from hydrogel and porous materials under sunlight can surpass thermal limits, a phenomenon termed super-thermal evaporation. We propose the photomolecular effect, where photons cleave water clusters at the liquid-vapor interface, similar to the photoelectric effect. Experiments on hydrogel show increased evaporation rates under visible light, peaking at 520 nm, cooling the vapor phase, and inducing spectral shifts. We demonstrate this effect at a water-air interface using diverse methods. The interaction is prominent with TM-polarized laser and green light, impacting weather, climate, and water cycles. This phenomenon likely occurs widely in nature, offering new energy and water applications. - Наука та технологія
Please make sure that the 532nm green laser output is monochromatic and does not contain any IR content. Most green laser pointers are made with a 1064nm IR pumping diode. This 1064nm infrared light is frequency doubled to produce output at 532nm. Although these make very nice green light some of these laser pointers have been reported to also output many times their output power in the invisible 1064nm infrared band.
this was exactly my first thought when watching. water absorbs much more strongly at 1064nm than anywhere in the visible. I still don't think it's what's actually happening in their experiments because they also see the effect with green LEDs which have no IR component, but they should make a note about excluding it as a possibility with the 532 lasers.
A few years ago was wading in a small creek deep in a forest of Arkansas. I observed the plants and noticed their leaves being drawn down to the water, the roots were well within the source, even in the water in places...an odd tropism. It didn't make sense to me for the leaves being drawn down to the water when the roots were ample to water in these small trees, bushes and such.
I prayed for wisdom and I considered things further, and on subsequent visits, I took rudimentary temperature and hydrometer measurements and found that where minimal sun's light was shining through the leaves near the water the temperature was substantially lower and the humidity was greater above the water where the light that was filtered through leaves. And then, I began to think about all the times, (living on the eastern edge of tornado ally) that when the sky turned green as often happens ahead of a tornado the temperature was drastically cooler than just a large cloud blocking the sun on a warm spring or summer day. It seemed that I was being shown that the color green was the causing the cooler more humid air in both scenarios.
I did some( again rudimentary) experiments with a large magnetic suspended in green dyed water (using squeezings from cucumbers peels), in one of two identical glass pitchers. The other pitcher was the same setup as the other but with no dye in the water. I put the two pitchers in the freezer four hours. I took them both out into the sunlight and monitored the unfrozen area around the suspended magnet. In the green water pitcher the unfrozen water area around the magnet maintained its shape several seconds longer than the undyed water while in the midmorning sunlight.
Oops wrong post. Plants grown in Green light have... .
Very interesting
Very nice presentation of the discovery process!
Plants grown in Green light have... ?
Does the photomolecular effect hold for ammonia? It would be easier to detect temperature changes on this different hydrogen-bonded molecule. Would other headspace gases such as nitrogen or argon affect the photomolecular effect, versus air? What happens if a circularly polarized light is used instead of a linearly polarized light? May not be as interesting, since sunlight reflecting off a large body of water is linearly polarized. Does chlorophyll channel the light to keep the plant warm, promoting enzyme activity such as photosynthesis? Kudos to more fundamental research!
A needle will float on water due to surface tension. Will the need sink if the water is irradiated with 530 um green light?
Salt water absorbs visible light in the red spectrum at 40 m and the blue light beyond that. Very interesting lecture I wonder where both of these properties can do for us?
I didn't know about this presentation prior to today. Ironically, in November 2023, I enthusiastically informed a 100-level physics class about this fundamental discovery shortly after reading Lv's preprint.
My HOD, ironically a Northwestern PhD, scolded me and then started obsessively following my social media activity.
6 months later, I am retired from academia and my HOD has been forced out by the Dean. By December 2023, I had become so fed up with my HOD's extremely unethical behavior that I opened up to the Dean in a lengthy whistle-blower letter.
Ironically, I now make far more money working at a tech startup that may ultimately make use of the photomolecular effect. I don't miss the toxicity of academia at all!
If I wasn't forced into academic retirement, I could never have found what now feels like my true calling!!!
I'm just a layman, but this sounds like it might explain why plants evolved to be green. Blocking green light to reduce evaporation while using other wavelengths for photosynthesis.
Should have watched everything before writing my comment 😆
Is there a relationship with the angle at which plants hold their leaves to the sunlight?
Those plants are real Sneaky, they lie there looking all happy & harmless but are just biding their time to pounce and Take Over The World with their brainy leaf-angle advanced engineering and other modern weaponry. I'm terrified of my hibiscus
Many angles as I've witnessed and in my simple experiments in the creek, the leaves closest to the water, where I measured temp and humidity,were vertical hanging leaves. (See my recent comment if interested)
Wonder if they is any measurable charge difference? It would do a lot to explain how lighting is created if you not only get heat/cooling and pleasure changes but you also get charge differential between the water and dust in the atmosphere when it happens in the wild.
Have you considered the reflectivity of the surface your photons are interacting with? In water, photons approaching the surface can be reflected back down into the water, so if you are shining a beam at the surface, some of the photons reflect back. If there is collision with the reflected photons and the beam that could create enough energy to move electrons, breaking clusters off.
light can also evaporate water..photomolecular effect
I thought that was what this is about.
@@jodihouts6032 it really amazes me how often people try to sound knowledgable and end up showing the opposite
I am a little concerned about a academic misconduct My name is Richard Kriske and I was the one who discovered this effect. I was the only person in history, with the exception of Einstein, that ever figured out that water has an ability to participate in the Photoelectric effect. Although I am thankful that these experimenters proved me right, they simply copied and renamed my theory. I should be nominated for a noble prize for this discovery and these researchers should come clean, and admit that they copied my work. Obviously the people at MIT also knew it was my work.
Amazing! God did such an insanely great job, it took us a long time to figure this out!
Hydrogen Oxygen Generator or Water separation technology.
Good luck fellow doorknobs..apply yourselves and open new doors into your understanding.
Maybe one day if you pay close attention?
You might upgrade to a wise doorknob.?.lol
I have recently learnt that human eyes only perceive red, green and blue and our brain optical mixes colours! 😮
All specimens on earth see huge different colour ranges. Babies and Cats see B&W bees/butterflies see UV 🎉Which suggests colour is only perceived and identified as an effect of light temperature and interplay of different elements in subject and air, further the brain is the colour mixer... this makes me question then is green even green? Colour perception seems integral to the species survival. I'm not sure the plants will recognise the green light, but rather the lights temperature and frequency 😊
Babies and cats don't see in black and white. Why do people insist on talking about things they clearly have no understanding of?
Cathode ray tubes that I wrote computer programs for in 1984 (so not these TFT Flat Screens or whatever the heck they're called now) had a matrix of red phosphor dots, matrix of green phosphor dots & matrix of blue phosphor dots (the pixels) almost overlaid but actually offset by a fraction of 1 pixel, called a "triad" and a "shadow mask" behind to block electrons with a 1,280 wide by 800 high or some such precise matrix of pin-prick holes in the solid mask and the 3 electron guns angled precisely to hit only red phosphor dots, only green phosphor dots or only blue phosphor dots though the holes. Intensity of the electron beam from the "Red", "Green" & "Blue" electron guns simultaneously set to give one of the few million colour possibilities the eye can detect by a combination of "Red", "Green" & "Blue" electron beams (actually all just electrons of course) of varying intensities hitting the dot triad for 14 nanoseconds or whatever it was. As I type I've just realized that all computer image processing like "Corel Photopaint" lets you specify by typing in 3 numbers between 0 and 255 for each of "Red", "Green" & "Blue"and then shows you the colour you get, maybe called a "pallette". So yes, computer Apps let you see millions of colours on a computer screen literally just by typing how much Red, how much Green & how much Blue you want for your colour.
@@grindupBaker All color displays including LCD flat screens and OLED displays generate color pretty much the same way as color CRTs did - they just don't use electron guns. They all use RGB pixels. Hold a magnifying glass up to any screen. Pixels are just smaller today, so there's more of them.
@grindupBaker I am an artist and colour enthusiast ha! We learn through art techniques such as pointilism, and by placing blue and yellow dots close together through the illusion of optical colour mixing it would appear to be green. With all primary colours you can create secondary colours...
Which has led me to wonder then why green is seen as a secondary colour... I've always thought that yellow is the lightest green...
@@charli3sm1th Yellow is the lightest brown. Color mixing works differently with paint (subtractive mixing) than it does with light (additive mixing). The subtractive primary colors are cyan, magenta and yellow, and you start with white and the more colors you mix the darker it gets until you have black. The additive primary colors are red, green and blue and you start with black, and the more colors you mix the lighter it gets until you have white. Green is a secondary color in subtractive mixing (paint), and a primary color in additive mixing (light).
I do not think Dr. Chen is a crank, and I do believe he may be on to something interesting in his work, which does seem to me to be fairly careful and rigorous, but he really shouldn't start out these talks by saying "we all know water doesn't absorb visible light", *particularly when showing a photograph of very blue or blue-green water on his presentation slide while saying it* . The water literally by definition couldn't be blue if it "didn't absorb visible light". It DOES of course absorb visible light, and quite a lot of it at the red end of the spectrum owing to the tail end of the fourth overtone of the OH stretching mode of water molecules in the IR leaking down into the far red portion of the spectrum. We know this is true because heavy water really is colorless and doesn't absorb visible light since that OH absorption band along with its overtone is shifted further out to the infrared due to deuterium's larger mass.
Now I want to look into a pond of heavy water
Is it that water SCATTERS visible light, green and blue most?
@@michaelfoster-qw2tw PURE water does have a Raman scattering spectrum, but it is roughly in the deep red region for irradiation with blue-green light (and further out to the near infrared when irradiated with orange-red light), however the effect is extremely weak and the red absorption due to the OH vibrational modes is far stronger and is what dominates the cause for the blue color of water (and ice). To see the Raman scattering line of water, look for a video called "The 813-carat Constellation Diamond cut with Synova’s DCS 300 Laser Diamond Cutting System".
Green would complement plants as water is a by product that could be slowing down photo-chemical processes, thus by having a green surface the water to vapor rate being higher creates a larger gradient movement of water out of the process of photo-sysnthisis carbon bonding.
Near the end, he asks why plants choose to reject the most energetic part of the solar spectrum. Exactly the question I asked myself. Could it be that the green light is used mainly for transpiration? Without it, would vascular plants have even evolved?
This is an excellent question and goes one step further than I was asking. Leaves reflectance to green light seems to be around 15-20%, a factor of two higher than red and violet. This also means not all green light is reflected and these photons getting into the materials can contribute to the transpiration via photomolecular effect. I do not know if people have studied plants transpiration under different colored light. It could be a very interesting research topic.
Somebody mentioned on another video, and I agree with them, that water loss is a big risk for plants, and green could be where it peaks.
Could the green light reflected at the surface make evaporative cooling during transpiration more efficient when in direct sunlight?
@@NanoNorthwesternUnivTotally agree with your theory; biologically it’s likely the chloroplasts that do a lot of the absorption and imo the prevention of transpiration may be a dual purpose (i.e. using chloroplasts as essentially a heatsink for light energy; by utilising it in photosynthesis it would help mitigate transpiration losses potentially)
This was an incredibly interesting presentation and I’m looking forward to the implications that come from it
For evolution issue we need to think back billion years to origin of chloroplastic bacterial algae floating around in water column.
I smell a Nobel prize. If a condensed matter theorist can come up with a full model of how one photon clips off 20 bonds, and applications in industry and climate model start to materialize, that would be a nice story for the Nobel committee.
Viktor Schauberger -- Comprehend and Copy Nature.
yeah, I think you got the problem with this already: "a full model of how one photon clips off 20 bonds" ... it doesn't.
That Nobel 3 or 4 times even 5 times over and in my pocket is the way I see it.. I know .if I told them how , they would erase me from the discovery rights..that's why I didn't give out all the details but if they are clever? They could solve it all with what I have offered as it has esoteric encoded information within that could be investigated to a complete totality..all is there .must just developed all leads to exhaustion and it will hold your hand to complete totality..focus and apply yourself and you could solve it as well? I not using magic words and pretty literal in my explanations..it's just not all on a silver platter..just a grouping of little quartz ones around a slightly larger gold one..lol
There's this theory that systems ecologists like to share about the net effect of ecosystems being that they export entropy, which is conducive to biodiversity. However, if you ask them how exactly this works, you'll get vague references to blackbody radiation and the inherent difficulties of capturing free energy. I have my suspicions that there's more to it than basic thermodynamics. At least these discoveries seem to aid that theory with a hydrological analysis, pointing to the other theory that biogeochemical cycles all work "together" to produce this net effect. This makes me curious about something I often observe in the closed freshwater systems I study, and how with enough light intensity plants and algae will start accumulating bubbles on their surface. I always presumed this was a function of partial pressures and diffusion rates, but now that I think about it this even happens in turbulent systems with high flow rates and heavy oxygen sinking. I'm now starting to wonder if the light itself acts as a gradient force which causes water to evaporate at the plant's surface where the 02 concentration is high (gas saturated water), thus forcing nucleation. This would make more sense than partial pressures and diffusion rates alone being what explains it. Perhaps this even initially takes place inside of the cell, possibly helping to reduce intracellular O2 concentrations which would otherwise inhibit photosynthesis.
It's time to BAN WATER.
Well (a pun) of course WATER BANs ARE in effect here & there now & then
Thank you for finishing with questions
Imagine if we could use this on the regeneration side of a liquid dessicant cooler
That's the idea.
Odd that they are using thermocouples to measure temperatures down to
Is this why leaves are green?
Maybe, maybe... Scientists don't know yet... I mean, more years of study are required, and different types of study (biological, genetic, physical, mathematical, etc.), to be sure that this is the case. But the answer will come sooner or later.
Thank you
now it is easy to be appreciate a symposium with a virtual ........
no need to travel for listening this
air temperature distribution
rising plume
surface temperature
fort merritt
fort merritt
fort merritt
back door
back door is in most cases the sea coast
thank you sir
I clicked on "Show less" because a "Show nothing" button isn't provided
I smell Thunderfoot nearby.