Regarding the pavement made of tombstones, I'll quote from a few sources I found. These will help answer the questions "Why use the tombstones to pave the road?" and "Why cover them up so Jews wouldn't notice?" "When Jewish cemeteries were destroyed throughout Nazi Germany, the gravestones were often repurposed as sidewalk paving stones. The desecration of the memory of the dead was implicitly intended, as people had to walk on the gravestones and tread on the inscriptions." ========== Here are some comments on the matter (taken from Reddit): Witsand87 commented, "That seems more plausible than using tombstones face up as paving. Not good for trucks and I believe the Nazis wanted to deceive the Jews up to the last possible moment wherever possible to avoid difficulties/ possible riots." Yawehg commented, "However, contrary to the movie, gravestones were typically placed text-down to hide their origin. The Reich sought to eliminate any evidence of Jewish life in Europe. They also had construction needs. One need served another." ========== Unfortunately, it wasn't just the pavement... "...Nazi occupiers and their communist rulers looted Jewish cemeteries for headstones and used them to pave roads and build countless public buildings, including schools, park pavilions and even churches."
I don't know the exact reason as to why Hitler hated Jews. It's possible that he was exposed to antisemitism at a younger age, thus influencing his thinking. This is exactly why it is the responsibility of us adults to educate children and teach them proper values. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. We should do our best to prevent such horror from happening again. Even if one does not know the exact historical details, they should be aware of lessons learned from history and war. The same goes in life. Even if one does not remember the exact mistake they've made in the past, as long as they learned the lesson from that mistake, it's enough to prevent it from happening again. The sad fact is, history is written by the victors. If Hitler had been successful, we would be living in a different world (and learning a different history).
@@henryellowMark Twain wrote an insightful essay called Concerning The Jews" in which he flatly stated that on the whole Jews were smarter and better educated than Gentiles. They also did not contribute to crime, as any crime reporter for a big city newspaper could tell you. Per Twain. As for education, Jews since the middle Ages were not allowed to own land beyond what was needed for their homes. This was a hardship in 1300 Europe. In 1800 Europe it was quite the opposite and was much worse by 1900. Large landowners found quickly that in a mechanized age of an exploding population, owning large areas of land and employing families to work that land was a head ache that got worse with each generation, as those families grew and grew and the big landowners were obliged to feed and employ them. Or face agrarian revolution. And who did they borrow money from to continue their lifestyle? Who defended them in courts of law and tended them when they were sick? It became clear that Jews dominated those professional industries of banking, medicine, and law. They dominated teaching at universities and usually came from a tradition and culture that took pride in education and knowledge. And this was because of the bans on Land-owning as a profession. Jews went into the trades and commerce and merchantry. And they clustered in Europe's cities. It was the situation faced by the agrarian South vs. the industrial North in antebellum America. Slaves did the work in the South and slaves needed to be fed by slaveowners. Education was not prized among slaveowners, beyond a military education at West Point or Annapolis. Or VMI or the Citadel. But military schools were not like big plantations; they were not obliged to take on more students than they could teach. So the North found itself in conflict with an agrarian land filled with mostly slaves and a white upper caste that valued the same things King Arthur valued: horsemanship and one on one warrior skills. That many Southerners filled the officer corps of the Army was beside the point because the Army used and was fed on the products of the Industrial Revolution. And one cannot eat cotton or tobacco. Bullets and cannons were not grown on farms and plantations. Europe faced the same issues. And one group was heavily represented in the financial institutions that paid for the lifestyle of the ruling classes. All because of a system of punishments meant to discourage Jews from living in Europe. The response was to create a new class, a mercantile class, educated and scientific. And the class that introduced these punishments discovered they were too late in producing a culture of education and science.
The German soldiers were saying pretty much the kind of thing you'd expect. I think the lack of English subtitles or dubbing was on purpose. Most of the Jews in this story are Polish, and didn't speak German, so most of them couldn't understand a word of what the soldiers were saying. By leaving the German untranslated, this puts us in the same situation.
As well as Mrs. Schindler. As much as the whole last scene moves me deeply, nothing about it moves me as much as seeing the expression on her face. It's so complex and so endearing as well. And yes, seeing Mrs. Stern is only second to that. What a beautiful tribute to all.
@@jillk368 you misunderstood. At the end when Mrs. Stern appeared, the reactor took it to mean that the character of Itzhak Stern had been based on someone who had actually been female, rather than it being the actual person's wodow.
@@TheAlmaward Thanks, but, I already understood that, and nothing I wrote was even about that. I was just commenting on how much it moved me to see the two widows there. I think your reply might be better applied to those on the comment thread that mentioned that. And anyway, this movie is a bit too important to get caught up on correcting people's comments. Though I guess I'm now guilty of that too, as I corrected yours. I guess no one likes being misunderstood. All the best.
I'm here for the openmindedness though 😂 It's a pretty outdated naming convention to call a wife or widow by her husband's full name, so you can see the confusion lol
You just had to place this onion for me to chop 😢 Chiune Sugihara is a selfless man with a big heart. "...helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family... It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas." "Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day... he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train... throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out... he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him..." "In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help." It seems there was a movie (Persona Non Grata) which depicts the life of Chiune Sugihara during WW2. ========== Even before WW2, "In 1934, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchuria in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese." Thank you for sharing, Robert 😊
Intelligent, sensitive, beautiful reaction. I didn't catch all of the German you missed, but the part you asked about where they said "blau shein" (or something that sounds like that); they were referring to the "blue card" which indicated that they were approved for working. The Zookeeper's Wife is based on a true story about a woman who hid Jews during the war. A man named Nicholas Winton saved over 600 Jewish children, arranging railroad transport for them to England. I've actually known a person who, along with her sister, were on that transport. They were relatives by marriage. Lovely women who both lived to almost 100 years. And they had a brother who was saved by a Japanese man who he knew from business (he was an importer of Japanese tableware). He spent the war in Shanghai, China, with this gentleman's help. They remained friends for the rest of his life. His widow (my great aunt) continued the friendship with him until he passed away, about a year before her, in his 90s, I think. Here are some videos of Mr. Winton (the British Kinder Transport man): ua-cam.com/users/results?search_query=Nicholas+Winton
As Catholics, Mrs. Schindler could not divorce Oscar - they permanently separated, however. By the time of the year at the film's start, Oscar Schindler had been a committed Nazi and member of the German intelligence service (he helped engineer Germany's takeover of his native Czechoslovakia and then Poland). He would have been aware that the Nazis were committed to eliminating Jews and was concerned with taking advantage of the situation to make himself rich off slave labor (as Spielberg shows). He was no saint. As Germany neared collapse and his Nazi money and business empire would soon be worthless, he finally did the right thing at a personal risk, to his credit, and used some of what he had accumulated to save lives before he fled to Argentina. The Schindlers were supported by survivors during their later years. As you later noted, the children were sent off to be killed (they were considered "useless eaters" once they were no longer needed to encourage a semblance of normalcy for the workers). You are correct that the kids would have no idea what lay in store for them (they played cheerful children's music on the public address system, and the kids were sometimes given treats like bread and jam and promised more). Goeth only protected Schinder to preserve his own side hustle. Women's hair was cropped (whether or not they were to be gassed), stockpiled and sold to German industry as raw material for making of products including rope, felt, carpet, etc. And yes, the other line at Auschwitz were being led to underground gas chambers (less noise from the screams) next to a crematorium. You have a sharp eye, noticing the sweater worn by the black-market guy (Pfefferberg). I'd guess that prisoners would have had to be clever to save any piece of civilian attire from their former lives, and a sweater would have been valued for its warmth. With the help of IBM, the Holocaust was made so much more deadly and, along with the wearing of the star and segregation, those tabulation and tracking efforts started well before the outbreak of the war. You are also correct that there were very few who took the risk to save Jews (and others targeted by the regime), most due to family, financial/business, or political resistance ties; some for gain; and occasionally out of a sense of moral duty.
Oscar Schindler knew it since the beginning? I didn't catch on to that. Thank goodness he had a change of heart. It's sad how the Nazis don't even see the Jews as humans, and treated them terribly (regardless of age). I guess they needed any raw material they could get to finance the war or make other products (so they treated the Jews like sheep by taking their hair). Indeed, all they had left at the end were the clothes on their backs. Everything else was taken away. I don't blame the businessman (the one who refused to team up with Schindler to save more people). He likely had personal reasons (as you've mentioned). He did what he could within his means, such as providing more food and clothes for the Jews out of his own pocket.
Translations 13:23 Over to Chodi area. Leave your suitcase here! Blauschein! Chodi area! [ The Blauschein literally translated as blue paper was a work certificate that were issued in addition to the identification card to “public pests” if they were important or indispensable for the war effort due to special skills and should be exempt from the special measures ] 13:44 the man is shouting "deine Papiere Jude!“ wich means your documents Jude! The scene after the soldier is mad "was soll denn die Scheiße?" wich literally means "What the shxx is it?" I would translate it as what the fxxx are you doing? He goes on complaining that the shot could have hit him as he was next to the person that had been shot.
Thank you for the translations. Of course he would complain that the shot could have hit him, and not care about the person who was shot... Such disregard for those lives...
Göth's granddaughter Jennifer Teege wrote a book "My grandfather would have shot me". Her father was Nigerian and her mother sent her to an orphanage when she was only four weeks old.
@@henryellow No. She was born after the war. But she chose the book title because she was half African and her grandfather would have deemed her an "unworthy life" (unwertes Leben). That's what the Nazis called everyone who they thought were a burden to society, i. e. people with a handicap, alcoholics and people of African decent who they thought of as inferior in intelligence.
@@henryellow No, as Göth was executed at the end of the war. Jennifer was born in the 1970ties. But she was shocked to learn what her grandfather did, obviously.
Yes, I was wondering if that was the real "pavement" or one they made for the sake of the movie. Found out later that the real "pavement" was made with the headstones face down, then covered with dirt so the Jews wouldn't notice.
@@henryellowyou almost have to wonder about that line of thinking!! On the one hand the diehard Nazi German thought that the Jews were less than human basically like rodents!! Then on the other hand you worried about what those rodents might think if they see tombstones on the ground used as pavement!?!? You would think that with the original mindset that they would not care what the Jews thought when they saw those tombstones used as pavement!!! Seems kind of an illogical way of thinking!😢
I'll quote from a few sources I found. These will help answer the questions "Why use the tombstones to pave the road?" and "Why cover them up so Jews wouldn't notice?" "When Jewish cemeteries were destroyed throughout Nazi Germany, the gravestones were often repurposed as sidewalk paving stones. The desecration of the memory of the dead was implicitly intended, as people had to walk on the gravestones and tread on the inscriptions." ========== Here are some comments on the matter (taken from Reddit): Witsand87 commented, "That seems more plausible than using tombstones face up as paving. Not good for trucks and I believe the Nazis wanted to deceive the Jews up to the last possible moment wherever possible to avoid difficulties/ possible riots." Yawehg commented, "However, contrary to the movie, gravestones were typically placed text-down to hide their origin. The Reich sought to eliminate any evidence of Jewish life in Europe. They also had construction needs. One need served another." ========== Unfortunately, it wasn't just the pavement... "...Nazi occupiers and their communist rulers looted Jewish cemeteries for headstones and used them to pave roads and build countless public buildings, including schools, park pavilions and even churches."
Stern was a man -- the woman walking with Ben Kingsley was his widow. Movie Stern was an amalgam of 3 men, Stern, Pemper and Banquier. The bodies were ordered to be burnt to destroy evidence when the Red Army was getting close
I see. So it was 3 people helping Schindler with the accounts and management. Seems like Schindler wasn't able to protect Pemper and Banquier. Would have been nice for the movie to explain that at the end...
I truly believe every grownup should see this movie at least once, just to get a grasp of what was done. It all ways amazes me how he made just enough money to do what he did and not a penny more. Thank you for watching this.
He did mention that he spent a lot of money (presumably on women and alcohol). That's why he regretted not being able to save more people. Regardless, what he did at the end was selfless and amazing.
Because men forget... If Putin won in Ukraine, half the populace left in the country might die, one way or another. Far slower and more painfully than the Jews.
The Ms Itzak Stern is the wife of Itzak, and Helen Hirsz in the movie her real name was Helena Jonas-Rozencwajg née Sternlicht. The Jonas is from her first husband who commited Sui**de and the secon name Rozencwajg is from her second husband. So when you see a jewish woman with two surname and then her maiden name she is a widow of the first name. You keep the name. Marriages as western people known that doesnt happen with jews, we marry religious and not by a country law. You have a religious commitment with your husband or wife. Our speaking lenguage in Europe is still Yidisz and not hebrew, that is the biblical lenguage wich a mixed lenguage of old Ivrit and Arameic.
No, Helen Hirsch and Helen Jonas-Rosenzweig (Sternlicht) are 2 different people. Goeth took 2 maids, Helen Hirsch and Helen Sternlicht. In the movie, those 2 people were made into a single character (named Helen Hirsch), for simplicity.
The only reason the women weren't immediately killed upon arriving at Auschwitz was due to them being better fed and in much better shape than the trainloads of Hungarians. Children were were separated (or left with their mothers, and both would be sent to death immediately because they weren't 'efficient workers. They could not work as hard as adults, but at the same time they required more nutrition. So they were usually the first ones killed.
3:44 They're jews, currently not wearing the star, and the man who turns toward them (Schindler) is wearing a gold nazi party pin (a pin reserved for the elite of the party). So of course they're leaving quickly... 13:39 Indeed, not going to the sewers was a huge risk for her, hence her husband kissing her like that, he was afraid he would never see her again. But she got lucky and survived the war. She and her husband were advisors for the movie. Her husband Leopold Poldek Pfefferberg was even the one who started the whole thing by telling the novel author about his story, then later contacting Spielberg to convince him to turn it into a movie. 13:53 the german subtitles: The german soldier is complaining to his colleague who shot the kid, because he was so close to the kid he was at risk of getting shot himself if the shooter had missed. 28:58 That's Julius Madritsch, another german employer who treated his jew workers well, and saved many of them from the Krakow ghetto. The movie did him dirty, showing him only as refusing to help Schindler, when in reality they were friends, and he did all he could to save his workers, even going against orders of the german government. Unlike Schindler, he had no factory to the west of Poland, and therefore could not transfer his workers, but Schindler took some of them on his list. 32:29 It took 3 weeks to get the women out of Auschwitz. Nobody knows how Schindler did it (it must have been either blackmail or TONS of money). But to get his workers back, they had to call them by name. Most people don't get the significance of that, but this is Auschwitz. A place where people were not names, but a tattoo number. Survivors of the camp have said this was the only time prisoners were called by name in Auschwitz. So to get his workers back, Schindler had to get the officers of the camp to break the rule of the camp... 35:25 Most people cry at that moment, when Schindler breaks down in tears thinking he should have gotten more people. Sadly, this is an invented scene for the movie, Schindler didn't break down like that in real life, he just thanked his workers and left. The movie is mostly a true story, but there are some instances like that where it takes liberties with what truly happened. 36:43 You misunderstood. The "Mrs Izhak Stern" is Stern's wife. The real Stern had passed away before the movie was made. Also, Stern character in the movie is not one man, but actually 3 different people (Stern, Pemper, Bankier). They gave all the actions of those 3 people to a single character to limit the number of characters for the movie, to simplify it for the audience.
Thanks for putting the timestamps related to your comments! 👍 13:39 Let's thank Leopold "Poldek" Pfefferberg for starting this whole thing with the author. 13:53 Oh yes, someone else translated this too. It's sad to know that's what the soldier said, but I guess that's to be expected of them... 28:58 In the movie, Schindler did mention that Julius treated his workers well, though we don't know how Julius' story went after the war. In a way, Julius' options were limited since he didn't have the status and resources Schindler had. 32:29 I don't doubt that a lot of money (bribe) was involved to make it happen. Oh, I was not aware of the name thing... 35:25 It may not be what really happened, but dang it was a great scene... 😭 36:43 Yes, I did misunderstand the "Mrs Izhak Stern". Thank the comments for clarifying it for me 😂. If I'm not mistaken, Pemper and Bankier didn't make it. Thanks for sharing! 😊
@@henryellow Mietek Pemper was the one who wrote the list. He "made it", and died in 2011, he was likely in the movie putting a stone on Schindler's grave (but among the crowd, not among the named ones shown with an actor). Abraham Bankier also survived the war, but died shortly after, in 1956. He was the factory manager in Krakow for Schindler (the factory had belonged to a consortium of jews before the war, including him)
Regarding the pavement made of tombstones, I'll quote from a few sources I found. These will help answer the questions "Why use the tombstones to pave the road?" and "Why cover them up so Jews wouldn't notice?"
"When Jewish cemeteries were destroyed throughout Nazi Germany, the gravestones were often repurposed as sidewalk paving stones. The desecration of the memory of the dead was implicitly intended, as people had to walk on the gravestones and tread on the inscriptions."
==========
Here are some comments on the matter (taken from Reddit):
Witsand87 commented, "That seems more plausible than using tombstones face up as paving. Not good for trucks and I believe the Nazis wanted to deceive the Jews up to the last possible moment wherever possible to avoid difficulties/ possible riots."
Yawehg commented, "However, contrary to the movie, gravestones were typically placed text-down to hide their origin. The Reich sought to eliminate any evidence of Jewish life in Europe. They also had construction needs. One need served another."
==========
Unfortunately, it wasn't just the pavement...
"...Nazi occupiers and their communist rulers looted Jewish cemeteries for headstones and used them to pave roads and build countless public buildings, including schools, park pavilions and even churches."
I don't know the exact reason as to why Hitler hated Jews. It's possible that he was exposed to antisemitism at a younger age, thus influencing his thinking.
This is exactly why it is the responsibility of us adults to educate children and teach them proper values.
Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. We should do our best to prevent such horror from happening again. Even if one does not know the exact historical details, they should be aware of lessons learned from history and war.
The same goes in life. Even if one does not remember the exact mistake they've made in the past, as long as they learned the lesson from that mistake, it's enough to prevent it from happening again.
The sad fact is, history is written by the victors. If Hitler had been successful, we would be living in a different world (and learning a different history).
@@henryellowMark Twain wrote an insightful essay called Concerning The Jews" in which he flatly stated that on the whole Jews were smarter and better educated than Gentiles. They also did not contribute to crime, as any crime reporter for a big city newspaper could tell you. Per Twain.
As for education, Jews since the middle Ages were not allowed to own land beyond what was needed for their homes. This was a hardship in 1300 Europe. In 1800 Europe it was quite the opposite and was much worse by 1900. Large landowners found quickly that in a mechanized age of an exploding population, owning large areas of land and employing families to work that land was a head ache that got worse with each generation, as those families grew and grew and the big landowners were obliged to feed and employ them. Or face agrarian revolution. And who did they borrow money from to continue their lifestyle? Who defended them in courts of law and tended them when they were sick? It became clear that Jews dominated those professional industries of banking, medicine, and law. They dominated teaching at universities and usually came from a tradition and culture that took pride in education and knowledge. And this was because of the bans on Land-owning as a profession. Jews went into the trades and commerce and merchantry. And they clustered in Europe's cities.
It was the situation faced by the agrarian South vs. the industrial North in antebellum America. Slaves did the work in the South and slaves needed to be fed by slaveowners. Education was not prized among slaveowners, beyond a military education at West Point or Annapolis. Or VMI or the Citadel. But military schools were not like big plantations; they were not obliged to take on more students than they could teach. So the North found itself in conflict with an agrarian land filled with mostly slaves and a white upper caste that valued the same things King Arthur valued: horsemanship and one on one warrior skills. That many Southerners filled the officer corps of the Army was beside the point because the Army used and was fed on the products of the Industrial Revolution. And one cannot eat cotton or tobacco. Bullets and cannons were not grown on farms and plantations. Europe faced the same issues. And one group was heavily represented in the financial institutions that paid for the lifestyle of the ruling classes. All because of a system of punishments meant to discourage Jews from living in Europe. The response was to create a new class, a mercantile class, educated and scientific.
And the class that introduced these punishments discovered they were too late in producing a culture of education and science.
@cwdkidman2266 Thanks for sharing 😊
The German soldiers were saying pretty much the kind of thing you'd expect. I think the lack of English subtitles or dubbing was on purpose. Most of the Jews in this story are Polish, and didn't speak German, so most of them couldn't understand a word of what the soldiers were saying. By leaving the German untranslated, this puts us in the same situation.
Itzhak Stern was male. By the time the film was made, he had died. Mrs. Stern, his widow, appeared in the film in his stead.
As well as Mrs. Schindler. As much as the whole last scene moves me deeply, nothing about it moves me as much as seeing the expression on her face. It's so complex and so endearing as well. And yes, seeing Mrs. Stern is only second to that. What a beautiful tribute to all.
@@jillk368 you misunderstood. At the end when Mrs. Stern appeared, the reactor took it to mean that the character of Itzhak Stern had been based on someone who had actually been female, rather than it being the actual person's wodow.
@@TheAlmaward Thanks, but, I already understood that, and nothing I wrote was even about that. I was just commenting on how much it moved me to see the two widows there. I think your reply might be better applied to those on the comment thread that mentioned that. And anyway, this movie is a bit too important to get caught up on correcting people's comments. Though I guess I'm now guilty of that too, as I corrected yours. I guess no one likes being misunderstood. All the best.
@@jillk368 I understood what you were writing about, it just seemed to have absolutely no connection to my comment. Apparently, it didn't! LOL
Itzhak Stern was a man, that woman was his wife.
I'm here for the openmindedness though 😂 It's a pretty outdated naming convention to call a wife or widow by her husband's full name, so you can see the confusion lol
War anywhere is terrible. No one has the right to take the life of another. Your reaction made me cry too as well as seeing parts of the film again.
The last scene at the graveside has the survivors walking alongside the actors who portrayed them.
I do not understand how so many people don't get that??
Seems You two don't get somethinhg. You Google!
Please check out Chiune Sugihara, the Japanese Schindler. Estimates range from 4500 to 6000 people saved.
You just had to place this onion for me to chop 😢
Chiune Sugihara is a selfless man with a big heart.
"...helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family... It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas."
"Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day... he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train... throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out... he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him..."
"In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help."
It seems there was a movie (Persona Non Grata) which depicts the life of Chiune Sugihara during WW2.
==========
Even before WW2, "In 1934, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchuria in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese."
Thank you for sharing, Robert 😊
Intelligent, sensitive, beautiful reaction. I didn't catch all of the German you missed, but the part you asked about where they said "blau shein" (or something that sounds like that); they were referring to the "blue card" which indicated that they were approved for working. The Zookeeper's Wife is based on a true story about a woman who hid Jews during the war. A man named Nicholas Winton saved over 600 Jewish children, arranging railroad transport for them to England. I've actually known a person who, along with her sister, were on that transport. They were relatives by marriage. Lovely women who both lived to almost 100 years. And they had a brother who was saved by a Japanese man who he knew from business (he was an importer of Japanese tableware). He spent the war in Shanghai, China, with this gentleman's help. They remained friends for the rest of his life. His widow (my great aunt) continued the friendship with him until he passed away, about a year before her, in his 90s, I think. Here are some videos of Mr. Winton (the British Kinder Transport man): ua-cam.com/users/results?search_query=Nicholas+Winton
Amazing acts of kindness by humanity 👍🏻
I've not watched The Zookeeper's Wife. Perhaps I will.
Thank you for sharing 😊
You've gotten the german almost right, it is spelled "Blauschein" but the translation you gave is absolutely correct.
@@cupcakealien9923 Cool. Thank you.
Itzhak Stern wasnt a woman, that was his wife at the end in his place, because Stern passed away in 1969.
Thanks for clarifying 😊
As Catholics, Mrs. Schindler could not divorce Oscar - they permanently separated, however. By the time of the year at the film's start, Oscar Schindler had been a committed Nazi and member of the German intelligence service (he helped engineer Germany's takeover of his native Czechoslovakia and then Poland). He would have been aware that the Nazis were committed to eliminating Jews and was concerned with taking advantage of the situation to make himself rich off slave labor (as Spielberg shows). He was no saint. As Germany neared collapse and his Nazi money and business empire would soon be worthless, he finally did the right thing at a personal risk, to his credit, and used some of what he had accumulated to save lives before he fled to Argentina. The Schindlers were supported by survivors during their later years.
As you later noted, the children were sent off to be killed (they were considered "useless eaters" once they were no longer needed to encourage a semblance of normalcy for the workers). You are correct that the kids would have no idea what lay in store for them (they played cheerful children's music on the public address system, and the kids were sometimes given treats like bread and jam and promised more). Goeth only protected Schinder to preserve his own side hustle. Women's hair was cropped (whether or not they were to be gassed), stockpiled and sold to German industry as raw material for making of products including rope, felt, carpet, etc. And yes, the other line at Auschwitz were being led to underground gas chambers (less noise from the screams) next to a crematorium.
You have a sharp eye, noticing the sweater worn by the black-market guy (Pfefferberg). I'd guess that prisoners would have had to be clever to save any piece of civilian attire from their former lives, and a sweater would have been valued for its warmth. With the help of IBM, the Holocaust was made so much more deadly and, along with the wearing of the star and segregation, those tabulation and tracking efforts started well before the outbreak of the war. You are also correct that there were very few who took the risk to save Jews (and others targeted by the regime), most due to family, financial/business, or political resistance ties; some for gain; and occasionally out of a sense of moral duty.
Oscar Schindler knew it since the beginning? I didn't catch on to that.
Thank goodness he had a change of heart.
It's sad how the Nazis don't even see the Jews as humans, and treated them terribly (regardless of age).
I guess they needed any raw material they could get to finance the war or make other products (so they treated the Jews like sheep by taking their hair).
Indeed, all they had left at the end were the clothes on their backs. Everything else was taken away.
I don't blame the businessman (the one who refused to team up with Schindler to save more people). He likely had personal reasons (as you've mentioned). He did what he could within his means, such as providing more food and clothes for the Jews out of his own pocket.
It was a real joy sharing this experience with you. And I mean joy in the right sense:)
You're a good movie analyser!
I'm happy to hear that!
Thank you, Robin 😊
Yea he is
Of course Amon was on Schindler's side and defending him. amon was getting a cut of the business.
Out of all the reactions to this film, I enjoyed yours the most x
Translations
13:23 Over to Chodi area. Leave your suitcase here! Blauschein! Chodi area! [ The Blauschein literally translated as blue paper was a work certificate that were issued in addition to the identification card to “public pests” if they were important or indispensable for the war effort due to special skills and should be exempt from the special measures ]
13:44 the man is shouting "deine Papiere Jude!“ wich means your documents Jude! The scene after the soldier is mad "was soll denn die Scheiße?" wich literally means "What the shxx is it?" I would translate it as what the fxxx are you doing? He goes on complaining that the shot could have hit him as he was next to the person that had been shot.
Thank you for the translations.
Of course he would complain that the shot could have hit him, and not care about the person who was shot... Such disregard for those lives...
Göth's granddaughter Jennifer Teege wrote a book "My grandfather would have shot me". Her father was Nigerian and her mother sent her to an orphanage when she was only four weeks old.
Jennifer's mother sent her to an orphanage to protect her from Göth...?
@@henryellow No. She was born after the war. But she chose the book title because she was half African and her grandfather would have deemed her an "unworthy life" (unwertes Leben). That's what the Nazis called everyone who they thought were a burden to society, i. e. people with a handicap, alcoholics and people of African decent who they thought of as inferior in intelligence.
I looked her up and the unsettling thing was that she looked just like Goeth.
@@henryellow No, as Göth was executed at the end of the war. Jennifer was born in the 1970ties. But she was shocked to learn what her grandfather did, obviously.
It was the glee they experienced in the sadism. Genocide is not new, but this is unreal.
The "pavement" on the road in the final credits wasn't pavement. Those were headstones stolen from Jewish cemeteries to "pave" the road.
Yes, I was wondering if that was the real "pavement" or one they made for the sake of the movie.
Found out later that the real "pavement" was made with the headstones face down, then covered with dirt so the Jews wouldn't notice.
@@henryellowyou almost have to wonder about that line of thinking!! On the one hand the diehard Nazi German thought that the Jews were less than human basically like rodents!! Then on the other hand you worried about what those rodents might think if they see tombstones on the ground used as pavement!?!? You would think that with the original mindset that they would not care what the Jews thought when they saw those tombstones used as pavement!!! Seems kind of an illogical way of thinking!😢
I'll quote from a few sources I found. These will help answer the questions "Why use the tombstones to pave the road?" and "Why cover them up so Jews wouldn't notice?"
"When Jewish cemeteries were destroyed throughout Nazi Germany, the gravestones were often repurposed as sidewalk paving stones. The desecration of the memory of the dead was implicitly intended, as people had to walk on the gravestones and tread on the inscriptions."
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Here are some comments on the matter (taken from Reddit):
Witsand87 commented, "That seems more plausible than using tombstones face up as paving. Not good for trucks and I believe the Nazis wanted to deceive the Jews up to the last possible moment wherever possible to avoid difficulties/ possible riots."
Yawehg commented, "However, contrary to the movie, gravestones were typically placed text-down to hide their origin. The Reich sought to eliminate any evidence of Jewish life in Europe. They also had construction needs. One need served another."
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Unfortunately, it wasn't just the pavement...
"...Nazi occupiers and their communist rulers looted Jewish cemeteries for headstones and used them to pave roads and build countless public buildings, including schools, park pavilions and even churches."
Stern was a man -- the woman walking with Ben Kingsley was his widow. Movie Stern was an amalgam of 3 men, Stern, Pemper and Banquier. The bodies were ordered to be burnt to destroy evidence when the Red Army was getting close
I see. So it was 3 people helping Schindler with the accounts and management.
Seems like Schindler wasn't able to protect Pemper and Banquier.
Would have been nice for the movie to explain that at the end...
@@henryellow They all survived. Schindler saved all those he could. Goldberg got himself and his family on the list and shunted others off it
@@jennifergawne3002 😨
Watch Saving Private Ryan next, WWII and a really good film.
I agree. I've already watched Saving Private Ryan before.
It's an emotional movie.
I truly believe every grownup should see this movie at least once, just to get a grasp of what was done. It all ways amazes me how he made just enough money to do what he did and not a penny more. Thank you for watching this.
He did mention that he spent a lot of money (presumably on women and alcohol). That's why he regretted not being able to save more people.
Regardless, what he did at the end was selfless and amazing.
Because men forget...
If Putin won in Ukraine, half the populace left in the country might die, one way or another. Far slower and more painfully than the Jews.
The doctor euthanized the patients rather than let them be torn apart by bullets.
The Ms Itzak Stern is the wife of Itzak, and Helen Hirsz in the movie her real name was Helena Jonas-Rozencwajg née Sternlicht. The Jonas is from her first husband who commited Sui**de and the secon name Rozencwajg is from her second husband. So when you see a jewish woman with two surname and then her maiden name she is a widow of the first name. You keep the name. Marriages as western people known that doesnt happen with jews, we marry religious and not by a country law. You have a religious commitment with your husband or wife. Our speaking lenguage in Europe is still Yidisz and not hebrew, that is the biblical lenguage wich a mixed lenguage of old Ivrit and Arameic.
Oh, I see 😯
Thanks for sharing! 😊
No, Helen Hirsch and Helen Jonas-Rosenzweig (Sternlicht) are 2 different people. Goeth took 2 maids, Helen Hirsch and Helen Sternlicht. In the movie, those 2 people were made into a single character (named Helen Hirsch), for simplicity.
The only reason the women weren't immediately killed upon arriving at Auschwitz was due to them being better fed and in much better shape than the trainloads of Hungarians. Children were were separated (or left with their mothers, and both would be sent to death immediately because they weren't 'efficient workers. They could not work as hard as adults, but at the same time they required more nutrition. So they were usually the first ones killed.
3:44 They're jews, currently not wearing the star, and the man who turns toward them (Schindler) is wearing a gold nazi party pin (a pin reserved for the elite of the party). So of course they're leaving quickly...
13:39 Indeed, not going to the sewers was a huge risk for her, hence her husband kissing her like that, he was afraid he would never see her again. But she got lucky and survived the war. She and her husband were advisors for the movie. Her husband Leopold Poldek Pfefferberg was even the one who started the whole thing by telling the novel author about his story, then later contacting Spielberg to convince him to turn it into a movie.
13:53 the german subtitles: The german soldier is complaining to his colleague who shot the kid, because he was so close to the kid he was at risk of getting shot himself if the shooter had missed.
28:58 That's Julius Madritsch, another german employer who treated his jew workers well, and saved many of them from the Krakow ghetto. The movie did him dirty, showing him only as refusing to help Schindler, when in reality they were friends, and he did all he could to save his workers, even going against orders of the german government. Unlike Schindler, he had no factory to the west of Poland, and therefore could not transfer his workers, but Schindler took some of them on his list.
32:29 It took 3 weeks to get the women out of Auschwitz. Nobody knows how Schindler did it (it must have been either blackmail or TONS of money). But to get his workers back, they had to call them by name. Most people don't get the significance of that, but this is Auschwitz. A place where people were not names, but a tattoo number. Survivors of the camp have said this was the only time prisoners were called by name in Auschwitz. So to get his workers back, Schindler had to get the officers of the camp to break the rule of the camp...
35:25 Most people cry at that moment, when Schindler breaks down in tears thinking he should have gotten more people. Sadly, this is an invented scene for the movie, Schindler didn't break down like that in real life, he just thanked his workers and left. The movie is mostly a true story, but there are some instances like that where it takes liberties with what truly happened.
36:43 You misunderstood. The "Mrs Izhak Stern" is Stern's wife. The real Stern had passed away before the movie was made. Also, Stern character in the movie is not one man, but actually 3 different people (Stern, Pemper, Bankier). They gave all the actions of those 3 people to a single character to limit the number of characters for the movie, to simplify it for the audience.
Thanks for putting the timestamps related to your comments! 👍
13:39 Let's thank Leopold "Poldek" Pfefferberg for starting this whole thing with the author.
13:53 Oh yes, someone else translated this too. It's sad to know that's what the soldier said, but I guess that's to be expected of them...
28:58 In the movie, Schindler did mention that Julius treated his workers well, though we don't know how Julius' story went after the war. In a way, Julius' options were limited since he didn't have the status and resources Schindler had.
32:29 I don't doubt that a lot of money (bribe) was involved to make it happen. Oh, I was not aware of the name thing...
35:25 It may not be what really happened, but dang it was a great scene... 😭
36:43 Yes, I did misunderstand the "Mrs Izhak Stern". Thank the comments for clarifying it for me 😂. If I'm not mistaken, Pemper and Bankier didn't make it.
Thanks for sharing! 😊
@@henryellow Mietek Pemper was the one who wrote the list. He "made it", and died in 2011, he was likely in the movie putting a stone on Schindler's grave (but among the crowd, not among the named ones shown with an actor).
Abraham Bankier also survived the war, but died shortly after, in 1956. He was the factory manager in Krakow for Schindler (the factory had belonged to a consortium of jews before the war, including him)
Ah, I see. So that was the case...
06:05 They were working to earn the privilege to live one more day! Everyday was a fight between life and death!🤐
shalom, stand with israel, us jews, we will survive, thanks
Never forget...Never again🕎