12. Aristotle's Categories
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- Опубліковано 6 вер 2015
- In this lesson we turn to one of the most important aspects of Aristotle's metaphysics, his categories. At this point we see an expansion of the scientific frame of mind, as inherited from the Ionians. Aristotle describes how we are able to put things into classes, and describe them by names, as well as by attributes. This, of course, is the heart of science as a discipline of observation.
As you consider this material, think about how important it is to our rationality that we are able to do this. This ability involves recognizing similarity among objects, and applying names to things sharing similar characteristics. In many ways, this power lies at the heart of that which is most distinct about human beings compared to other earthly creatures! It should not surprise us that the Bible itself begins by highlighting this very aspect of human abiity, as Adam is commanded to 'name' the animals.
Be sure to think of how different is Aristotle's approach from that of Plato, as you consider this information. Plato is an 'idealist'; Aristotle, a 'nominalist.' You should be able to see the difference between those two approaches by the end of this discussion.
I am in the 4th year of my undergraduate degree in philosophy at the University of Edinburgh and have found this lecture and lecture 11 incredibly useful. Your ability to break down Aristotle's metaphysics is superior to any lecture series I've attended. Thank you and well done.
+Patrick Arant I am honored by your kind remarks. Thank you!
I'm in my fist year at Edi, also doing Philosophy and I completely agree! This was truly helpful. Which lecturer did you have on Aristotle?
Patrick Arant
He is good. I love and appreciate a good teacher.
Are categories considered metaphysics??
@@DaBeezKneez yes! they are absolutely.
I first went through this whole series for fun. I find myself returning to these lectures once more as I actually get the chance to read these philosophers. Thank you, yet again, for continuing to help me understand these subjects.
I feel like i am there in the classroom, i enjoy the love you put into teaching it warms my whole soul thank you
Thank you!
These kids got a much better education than I did I didn't even know the word philosophy in high school
I love this teacher. So good with a touch of humour. Thank you.
Thank God I found this video !! It's very helpful and I finally understand these categories
.. Thank you for posting this ! :)
Excellent explanation. Clear, articulate and engaging. Thank you!!!!
Such a great explanation about Aristotle's categories. 10/10
I came across a book of Aristotle and I'm reading it, but I decided to UA-cam it too and I'm glad I did because it is NOT an easy read. I definitely enjoy reading but I think I will enjoy it better after these lectures.
Im studying philosophy on my own as a pastime. It is great to read Artistotle and then come here to get an overview and a better understanding of the concepts. Thank you so much.
I'm in the same boat
By far best video on the categories I’ve ever beheld.
Incredibly clear ! Thank you !
...and thank you!
“…for whatever reason…”: there is a very good reason and should be stated. Overall, an excellent lecture. Thank you.
Thanks for the video. Very interesting
Qur'an (translated)
Behold, thy Lord said to the angels: "I will create a vicegerent on earth." They said: "Wilt Thou place therein one who will make mischief therein and shed blood?- whilst we do celebrate Thy praises and glorify Thy holy (name)?" He said: "I know what ye know not." (30) And He taught Adam the names of all things; then He placed them before the angels, and said: "Tell me the names of these if ye are right." (31) They said: "Glory to Thee, of knowledge We have none, save what Thou Hast taught us: In truth it is Thou Who art perfect in knowledge and wisdom." (32) He said: "O Adam! Tell them their names." When he had told them, Allah said: "Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of heaven and earth, and I know what ye reveal and what ye conceal?"
Sir, your lecture is extraordinary with explanation to understand folly of Aristotle philosophy. Thanks
Thank you, Sir! I am a first year philosophy student at Edinburgh University and Episode 11&12 on Aristotle have helped me significantly in understanding his metaphysics! Feel a lot more prepared for my exams next week now!
My pleasure! ...and thanks for the kind feedback!
Outside of your unique and very clear way of teaching, you said something that excited me; that a teacher should inspire the students to be in love with learning. very strong point. Thanks for this lecture. your teaching style brings to mind my Prof. J. d'Amècourt, OP of The Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, Rome.
Thank you!
Much helpful and easy to understand.
This is great!
Thank you!
thank you for this video, it was very helpful because you clearly explained topics that seemed very confusing at first!
+Gayathri Chengodam My pleasure! Thank you!
+Gayathri Chengodam
Agreed :)
To distinguish between quality and situation.What is distinguishable about an apple without external distinguishability. A particular "quality" distinct from general "qualities". An apple 🍎 is apple shaped, but it is red like other things. An apple shape is situational, but red is qualitative. A unique quality as opposed to a shared quality.
These high school students are so very lucky. And they appear to be very interested in this challenging material.
Any idea about the spanish guitar at the beginning?
What’s the music in the beginning?
I wish Mr. Gore was my teacher!
Do categories relate to kabalistic sefirots?
Greetings from Mexico!
nice job Spencer
He is a bright one!
I struggle with calling Aristotle a nominalist. I would be inclined to refer to him as a moderate realist since he believes that forms are real, although not ideal (as Plato would have it).
Would it be accurate to say that Aristotle's "accidental categories" are basically superficial qualities that are inherent in a thing? For example, the human genome; we posses the same archetypical genetic makeup, but the genes within us function at different capacities. They function at a different capacity as a result of (what Aristotle would say) "passive conditions." To make my question/statement clearer; the difference between a black man, and a white man (apparently) is the color of their skin. This doesn't change the fact that they are both men in themselves. The gene that produces melanin just functions at a different capacity. As a result of the gene functioning at a different capacity we notice a contrariety; the man who produces less melanin has a privation of dark skin, and the dark skinned man a privation of melanin deficiency. Is this a good example? If not, where is the fault in my logic/understanding?
I think your analogy works just fine!
I read the categories when I was 18.
Isn’t ideas and therefore idealism is actually the primary substance? Anyone explain ?
That would be the view of Plato. Aristotle moved away from that emphasis, but not nearly as much as the later nominalists.
@@brucegore4373 was Aristotle a nominalist? He held that these names refer to the essences (forms) abstracted by the mind that exist in things. So I always thought he was a moderate realist as opposed to Plato's ideal realism.
Awsone dude
10:55 I thought Palot's is Realism. Idealism is associated with Hagel and his era?!
Plato's an idealist
Good lecture, but I was struck by the professor's calling Aristotle a "nominalist." Nominalism completely rejects the notion that universals have any reality. Aristotle was a "moderate realist." He very much believed in universals; indeed, in his theory of substance and form, individual substances participate in UNIVERSAL forms. This is very different from nominalism, which completely rejects the existence of universals. In nominalism, there are no universals; there is no form "dog," but only a group of things that are whatever we choose to name it. To a nominalist, if we choose to name a man who thinks he's a woman a woman, then he's a woman. One must then ask whether nominalism squares with reality.
Ee🎉s🎉ss🎉 deets I xu
Any idea about the spanish guitar at the beginning?