Finding which acid it is won't be a problem, the process itself is really hard and complicated, should be done in controlled temperature, there is something called "run away nitration", and many other complications, don't try to just add all ingredients, best case you won't get any product, worst case would be rapid unplanned disassembly of glassware
Definitely do not mix aluminum foil with toilet bowl cleaner in a water bottle. Definitely do not hold onto it if you do. It's a self detonating mixture.
I used to demonstrate napalm in the armed forces here in Denmark, and the stuff is very flexible in terms of efficiency. It doesn't need much air to reignite and never try to put it out by clapping the burning area. You will only spread the substance. You actually have to cut the natural way to combat the heat, and that is the other factor because military grade napalm is full of aluminium and magnesium, and this makes it burn very hot.
If there's anyone that doesn't have high school chemistry knowledge, for the nitroglycerin he adds the glycerin to a nitration bath which is most commonly made by mixing sulfuric and nitric acid. Just make sure you wear the proper PPE and don't put anyone else in danger.
Great job, this is the closest video describing actual napalm as compared with folks making improvised gelled fuels. I happen to have experience with flamethrower operation. Here's a few tips. The improvised gelled fuels using ivory soap or similar (sodium palmitate) type soaps is thixotropic; meaning it will thicken over time. Due to this, the shelf life of the flamethrower fuel, when loaded, will eventually thicken to the point of being like mud, and will render the flamethrower inoperable. Your aluminum palmitate based soap will work much better; notice the viscosity is better and it is less "chunky", plus, it will not overly thicken when stored. I happen to have a patent document describing the production of napalm and your method is very close; there are a few differences, such as the fatty acid mix being composed of palmitate, oleic acid, and napthenic acid, that later of which is hard to come by ;) Regarding polymeric napalm, using Styrofoam or polystyrene, what we see kids making only will not function in a flamethrower, because gasoline only contains about 2% BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene/xyline) however, it can be made into the proper viscosity for a flamethrower by the following procedure: First, mix toluene and gasoline (approximately 25% toluene and 75% gasoline), then, add to it the Styrofoam until a syrup-like viscosity is achieved. This is a great flamethrower fuel with good range, I got 110 feet in my tests. That being said, any variations in viscosity can cause poor ignition or conversely, if it is too thin it will affect range. Generally I would prefer the real stuff as it is less contamination to the environment than all that toluene and plastic spewing everywhere. Also, the plastic based napalm, if left to sit several years, will harden into basically a solid plastic putty, again, that could be a real pain to get out of the flamethrower. Probably the simplest, cheapest, and quickest flamethrower fuel is approximately equal parts of used motor oil 33%, gasoline 33%, and diesel 34%. It doesn't have the range or staying power of napalm, but it is cheap, fast, and won't clog the device.
I have a good one for you. In Lost they find old sticks of dynamite and they say that because they sat so long nitroglycerin formed on the outside of the dynamite sticks. They said the slightest disruption will set it off and I always wondered if that was accurate.
Nice video, From what I remind from my search onto the subject as a teenager was that "Napalm" comes from "Na palmitate" or what is the same "sodium palmitate"... thus a mix of a gooi soap and gasoline. :o) I like the idea of Al-palm (aluminium (3+) palmitate); but it could work with Ca-palm (calcium (2+) palmitate). ;o) Regards, PHZ (Philou Zrealone from the Science Madness forum)
Sorry, minor pyromaniac/nerd here.... the "Napalm" that *_others,_* not myself, played with back in the day was a mix of Styrofoam cups and gasoline. Just kept adding cups to a folgers coffee can of gasoline... is what *_they_* did, so I *_heard..._* anyways. After letting the mixture sit for a day and separating the pure gasoline on top, the VERY sticky goo on the bottom was... quite interesting. If you took a metal table spoon of it and lit it on fire, it would burn for just under 5mins. Not sure Modern Styrofoam cups are made from the same materials as in the past though.
love the wise cracks. however the advice to use plastic and the reason why was the funniest thing ive heard all month. but its serious advice at the same time. we all know there are those who find things out the hard way. by the way glycerin can be found on the shelf in some wallgreenes you dont have to bother with soap unless you like to use it for your laundry to keep things white
Well, the first rule of fight club. Is never talk about fight club. Since we broke rule number one already. I guess, this guy is right and it's just easier to make nitroglycerin...
If you made biodiesel instead, you would have gotten a better glycerin yield. That's what they should have done in the movie instead. Heck they could have made "green" ANFO! Also just think of the pucker factor involved with demolishing a building with just nitroglycerin!
Imagine the pucker factor in the early days of building the railroad when they were moving large quantities of nitroglycerin by horse and buggy across the wild West to the mountain they were going to blast out of the way, they had to have some brass nads
I would love to see The Walking Dead, there is a particular episode where they are in an underground lab and they use nitric acid to sterelize the zombie remains, also i feel like you can find something else Also would love to see (probably wont happen becuase long synthesis) Saving Private Ryan, specifically the Sulfa drugs (sulfur antibiotics) I think Sulfanilamide is doable Also love your vids
Point of clarification during the conflicts in Viet Nam and Korea, the US switched over to polystyrene and deisel. It was vastly cheaper and worked just as well or better. There weren't as many flame-throwers as boms using the stuff. So maybe they used polystyrene for dropped ordiance, and soap for the flame-throwers.
Better to dissolve in water and than add isopropyl and (additional) salt out. Isopropyl is the easiest solvent to recover as its azeotrope is barely evident.
A friend in high school tried to make nitro in his parents' basement 35 years ago. All he got was a cloud of yellow smoke/gas which might have been chlorine gas--not good
Yellow smoke is typically nitrous fumes. NOx starts coming off the reaction if you mess up, if it starts turning orange and red that means RUN because it can spontaneously blow.
I think it should be mandatory to pass along this information when working with the infamously dangerous chemical nitroglycerin. One could technically say that the reason as to why Alfred Nobel invented the dynamite is because of an explosion in his factory in Stockholm where he lost his brother and a large number of workers.. Imagine the size of that explosion.. Remember this was a factory that ONLY produced nitroglycerin...
Great video! Here's a question; in the original Terminator movie from 1984 Sarah Conner and Kyle Reese make explosives using moth balls, corn syrup, ammonia - can you make any real explosive using these ingredients?
Making soap is one way of doing it however you could instead use Methanol making biodiesel which has applications elsewhere and glycerol whilst also making it easier to seperate by distillation
I used powder from fireworks and some clay I found to make what I think is a c4 kinda too powerful though , and the play doe ore clay fragments almost killed me. So my tutorial on making explosives.
Famously the recipes in the book and movie were censored. The OJ replaced the Styrofoam (a crude form of napalm, much easier to make), and for the other one, lets just say there are easier way to make that using typically lye, and salt peter.
You can just buy glycerin though. It would probably be easier to get than litres and litres of concentrated nitric acid. The soap part just seems like an unnecessary step.
wouldn't enzymes be a lot easier to use and produce better yields for glycerin? i mean, theoretically you could even use human spit, since it does contain a small amount of lipase...
Sadly, movies directors don't like to put accurate explosives detail because there's some sick person capable of atrocities that only belong in the movies. Ever since Oklahoma city bombings every scene including a weapon of mass destruction (wmd) is being used or built contains ANFO, FRANKLY even technically incorrectly. ThaT and propane, simply because a failed terrorist attack in NYC was using propane in his attack move. Thankfully that got stopped. Having said that, it's funny but soap and gasoline is the actual recipe per "the chemistry of powder and explosives" by Tinney. Soap flakes and gasoline and time. And it's easier to get glycerin with methanol or ethanol, lye, premixed, added to vegetable oil. It's the diesel reaction. You get diesel and glycerin which separt we from eachother
Very educational, simple explanations of the processes. However, that said, there are many simpler methods to derive explosive compounds for "Home use" from readily-available items.. We'll not go into those here, because I don't know ANY of you, nor do I trust all of you, and I'm likely on enough watch-lists already.
THE SOAP WASN'T EXPLOSIVE. The soap was made for the layer of glycerin you skim off the tallows and ad nitric acid for nitroglycerin. then add sodium nitrate and saw dust to make dynamite.
"I will not give details" on nitroglycerin production ... a de-hydrating-acid... proceed show show which one on the next slide... 👌
you can literally google it. its not that hard or complicated to figure out with chemistry knowledge.
Finding which acid it is won't be a problem, the process itself is really hard and complicated, should be done in controlled temperature, there is something called "run away nitration", and many other complications, don't try to just add all ingredients, best case you won't get any product, worst case would be rapid unplanned disassembly of glassware
The problem with the chemistry in fight club is that there are just way easier ways make explosives then this with household items
Yeah, but the *symbolism* of blowing up fat cat's money with their own fat! Or that's what I'm guessing.
Styrofoam is much better than orange juice.
than*
Definitely do not mix aluminum foil with toilet bowl cleaner in a water bottle.
Definitely do not hold onto it if you do. It's a self detonating mixture.
@@kulled happy now...
I used to demonstrate napalm in the armed forces here in Denmark, and the stuff is very flexible in terms of efficiency. It doesn't need much air to reignite and never try to put it out by clapping the burning area. You will only spread the substance. You actually have to cut the natural way to combat the heat, and that is the other factor because military grade napalm is full of aluminium and magnesium, and this makes it burn very hot.
I love when he said "it's science time" then scienced all over the place
fr
“It’s chemistry time!” -Walt Whitman, better call Saul 2001
No.
I'm still trying to wash it out of my hair...
He scienced all over my back
You and Nile are carrying the chemistry/alchemy side of youtube
Check out Explosions and Fire (and Extractions and Ire)
@@jab9109 beat me to it
@@jab9109 If you need some Azidoazide Azide that is!
Also thought emporium
Also NightHawkinLight
Your channel just gets better and better!
i love how the start is quoted from breaking bad
If there's anyone that doesn't have high school chemistry knowledge, for the nitroglycerin he adds the glycerin to a nitration bath which is most commonly made by mixing sulfuric and nitric acid. Just make sure you wear the proper PPE and don't put anyone else in danger.
A little paint thinner fixes styrene getting too thick.👍
Great job, this is the closest video describing actual napalm as compared with folks making improvised gelled fuels.
I happen to have experience with flamethrower operation. Here's a few tips.
The improvised gelled fuels using ivory soap or similar (sodium palmitate) type soaps is thixotropic; meaning it will thicken over time. Due to this, the shelf life of the flamethrower fuel, when loaded, will eventually thicken to the point of being like mud, and will render the flamethrower inoperable.
Your aluminum palmitate based soap will work much better; notice the viscosity is better and it is less "chunky", plus, it will not overly thicken when stored.
I happen to have a patent document describing the production of napalm and your method is very close; there are a few differences, such as the fatty acid mix being composed of palmitate, oleic acid, and napthenic acid, that later of which is hard to come by ;)
Regarding polymeric napalm, using Styrofoam or polystyrene, what we see kids making only will not function in a flamethrower, because gasoline only contains about 2% BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene/xyline) however, it can be made into the proper viscosity for a flamethrower by the following procedure: First, mix toluene and gasoline (approximately 25% toluene and 75% gasoline), then, add to it the Styrofoam until a syrup-like viscosity is achieved. This is a great flamethrower fuel with good range, I got 110 feet in my tests. That being said, any variations in viscosity can cause poor ignition or conversely, if it is too thin it will affect range.
Generally I would prefer the real stuff as it is less contamination to the environment than all that toluene and plastic spewing everywhere.
Also, the plastic based napalm, if left to sit several years, will harden into basically a solid plastic putty, again, that could be a real pain to get out of the flamethrower.
Probably the simplest, cheapest, and quickest flamethrower fuel is approximately equal parts of used motor oil 33%, gasoline 33%, and diesel 34%. It doesn't have the range or staying power of napalm, but it is cheap, fast, and won't clog the device.
Thanks this will really help
I have a good one for you. In Lost they find old sticks of dynamite and they say that because they sat so long nitroglycerin formed on the outside of the dynamite sticks. They said the slightest disruption will set it off and I always wondered if that was accurate.
Yes it is
Please do Oppenheimer next, I found this video to be very useful
Nice video,
From what I remind from my search onto the subject as a teenager was that "Napalm" comes from "Na palmitate" or what is the same "sodium palmitate"... thus a mix of a gooi soap and gasoline. :o)
I like the idea of Al-palm (aluminium (3+) palmitate); but it could work with Ca-palm (calcium (2+) palmitate). ;o)
Regards,
PHZ
(Philou Zrealone from the Science Madness forum)
Palmoil has 12% mystricin oil in it ❤❤❤❤❤
Wow
Sorry, minor pyromaniac/nerd here.... the "Napalm" that *_others,_* not myself, played with back in the day was a mix of Styrofoam cups and gasoline. Just kept adding cups to a folgers coffee can of gasoline... is what *_they_* did, so I *_heard..._* anyways. After letting the mixture sit for a day and separating the pure gasoline on top, the VERY sticky goo on the bottom was... quite interesting. If you took a metal table spoon of it and lit it on fire, it would burn for just under 5mins. Not sure Modern Styrofoam cups are made from the same materials as in the past though.
I used to do this same exact thing when I was a kid lol. I used the styrofoam cups and packing peanuts to make mine.
That's what everyone heard. But it's still not actually napalm
Fantastic video and very interesting.
It's great to find real videos to expand one's understanding of chemistry and learning.
love the wise cracks. however the advice to use plastic and the reason why was the funniest thing ive heard all month. but its serious advice at the same time. we all know there are those who find things out the hard way. by the way glycerin can be found on the shelf in some wallgreenes you dont have to bother with soap unless you like to use it for your laundry to keep things white
Awesome vid muh dude. Since we're all on a watch list i say go for breaking bad.
Will do!
Rapid unplanned disassembly! Lol
Well, the first rule of fight club. Is never talk about fight club. Since we broke rule number one already. I guess, this guy is right and it's just easier to make nitroglycerin...
The intro with the walter white quote is fantastic. Fight club and breaking bad is the perfect duo
Wheeler: This napalm just isn't that effective
Also Wheeler: Here's how you make REAL NAPALM
If you made biodiesel instead, you would have gotten a better glycerin yield. That's what they should have done in the movie instead. Heck they could have made "green" ANFO! Also just think of the pucker factor involved with demolishing a building with just nitroglycerin!
Imagine the pucker factor in the early days of building the railroad when they were moving large quantities of nitroglycerin by horse and buggy across the wild West to the mountain they were going to blast out of the way, they had to have some brass nads
The nitration reaction can be done in much lower temperatures, it reduces the yield but makes it a little safer. But still very dangerous.
I would love to see The Walking Dead, there is a particular episode where they are in an underground lab and they use nitric acid to sterelize the zombie remains, also i feel like you can find something else
Also would love to see (probably wont happen becuase long synthesis) Saving Private Ryan, specifically the Sulfa drugs (sulfur antibiotics) I think Sulfanilamide is doable
Also love your vids
“The chemistry between a man and woman” we must’ve been watching different movies
DIY napalm is wild
The movie "blown away" has some interesting kabooms 🤯
"A rapid unplanned disassembly of glassware" holy hell I'm using that with my colleagues
One of my favorites, besides "Preforming Percussive Maintenance" aka hit it with something.
Point of clarification during the conflicts in Viet Nam and Korea, the US switched over to polystyrene and deisel. It was vastly cheaper and worked just as well or better. There weren't as many flame-throwers as boms using the stuff. So maybe they used polystyrene for dropped ordiance, and soap for the flame-throwers.
The burning test should have had just gasoline on the block of wood as a control.
Not really, it was a comparison between both types of napalm not them and gasoline.
Better to dissolve in water and than add isopropyl and (additional) salt out. Isopropyl is the easiest solvent to recover as its azeotrope is barely evident.
A friend in high school tried to make nitro in his parents' basement 35 years ago. All he got was a cloud of yellow smoke/gas which might have been chlorine gas--not good
Yellow smoke is typically nitrous fumes. NOx starts coming off the reaction if you mess up, if it starts turning orange and red that means RUN because it can spontaneously blow.
Does the aluminum sulfate still create hydrogen when reacting with the lye in the soap?
Was the recipe to make napalm really necessary?
Your eBay chems are great haha. Didn’t know you had a YT channel
I think it should be mandatory to pass along this information when working with the infamously dangerous chemical nitroglycerin.
One could technically say that the reason as to why Alfred Nobel invented the dynamite is because of an explosion in his factory in Stockholm where he lost his brother and a large number of workers..
Imagine the size of that explosion.. Remember this was a factory that ONLY produced nitroglycerin...
Great video! Here's a question; in the original Terminator movie from 1984 Sarah Conner and Kyle Reese make explosives using moth balls, corn syrup, ammonia - can you make any real explosive using these ingredients?
Making soap is one way of doing it however you could instead use Methanol making biodiesel which has applications elsewhere and glycerol whilst also making it easier to seperate by distillation
I used powder from fireworks and some clay I found to make what I think is a c4 kinda too powerful though , and the play doe ore clay fragments almost killed me.
So my tutorial on making explosives.
I thought Napalm was short for napthalene which is a mix of naptha and styrene which the military then adds magnesium and what all other accelerants
The original script for the book had true recipes for napalm etc, but it was strongly recommended that he change them slightly for the final version.
Famously the recipes in the book and movie were censored. The OJ replaced the Styrofoam (a crude form of napalm, much easier to make), and for the other one, lets just say there are easier way to make that using typically lye, and salt peter.
14:54 Probably the craziest thing you said during the entire video 😭
Oh yeah! Breaking Bad! Do that one please! There are so much drugs in there
The storyfoam thing been known for a long time yeah.. I am already a middle aged man, but I used to play with that stuff as a kid in our yard
If stlll relevant there's an movie from 1994, "Blown Away" about some Irish bomber in Boston i think
For the best Napalm: Mix 33% gasoline, 21% benzene, and 46% polystyrene.
Breaking Bad!? Sweet, I'm _finally_ gonna get to learn how to make... Awww... Nevermind. You really had us going there, too.
The DIY looks a lot like the white creamy man juice, just flammable.
Shout out to Alfred Nobel!
This video earned a sub. Well done.
I bet 30% of that balloon was safe af. (Don't let little boys belittle you. You're free to mix whatever you want. )
You can just buy glycerin though. It would probably be easier to get than litres and litres of concentrated nitric acid. The soap part just seems like an unnecessary step.
Yea, I tried it today and from a liter of canola oil I got less than a milliliter
Thanks for the tutorials!
So good subbed!
Holy fuck and this is where i start
May I ask if the concentrations of the solutions in this video are all in 1 M?
Well done, sir!
Glad you liked it!
I don't know about the orange juice, but the gas is a most likely and the soap is a definitely.
Forgot the cat litter in the nypalm
I’ll put this UA-cam channel in the good half of my manifesto.
"Anyone with high school chemistry knowledge could figure it out"
This was part of a test I wrote in high school lol
The napalm styrofoam and gasoline was featured in Anarchist cookbook :
Try polystyrene and zippo fluid, or diesel and Laundry liquid.
Do something about Dr. Stone
Can’t you use more orange concentrate
wouldn't enzymes be a lot easier to use and produce better yields for glycerin?
i mean, theoretically you could even use human spit, since it does contain a small amount of lipase...
I wonder what would happen if I spelt nitric and sulphuric acid on cotton?, kinda sounds similar to that glycerine mix your making huh
Sadly, movies directors don't like to put accurate explosives detail because there's some sick person capable of atrocities that only belong in the movies. Ever since Oklahoma city bombings every scene including a weapon of mass destruction (wmd) is being used or built contains ANFO, FRANKLY even technically incorrectly. ThaT and propane, simply because a failed terrorist attack in NYC was using propane in his attack move. Thankfully that got stopped. Having said that, it's funny but soap and gasoline is the actual recipe per "the chemistry of powder and explosives" by Tinney. Soap flakes and gasoline and time. And it's easier to get glycerin with methanol or ethanol, lye, premixed, added to vegetable oil. It's the diesel reaction. You get diesel and glycerin which separt we from eachother
Yes but can you fertilize your lawn with old motor oil?
The napalm is missing liquid laundry detergent
Great work not to be nitpicky but flamethrowers don't shoot napalm
They do, well at lease some do.
Welcome to Operation Mahem
Bro thought we wouldn't notice the breaking bad quote at the start
I though people would notice. Twas an hidden joke.
Sulfuric and nitric acid
“Like most things in life, alcohol is the solution.” … you might want to see someone about that before you become a full blown alcoholic.
explore cigarettes being unable to ignite gasoline
14:50 Just buy glycerine from a pharmacy. 😎
Very educational, simple explanations of the processes. However, that said, there are many simpler methods to derive explosive compounds for "Home use" from readily-available items.. We'll not go into those here, because I don't know ANY of you, nor do I trust all of you, and I'm likely on enough watch-lists already.
we used aluminium octoate in the army back in the day
Welcome to the Watchlist! Remember to say hi to your Fed
Dial bar soap works on its own.
Yeah, what good would be a soap that doesn't work by itself? It would help if you used a bit of water, though, to get a better lather.
And just like that all of us that where just curious about the science part of it are in the FBI investigation sheet 😅😅😅
Why you do not use simple glycerin instead of tallow? I understand you had to stretch out the video sequence, but still...
Because he's trying to do it like in the movie, and they made nitroglycerin from fat
nitric acid + latex gloves = burns worse then that of NaHO...
Why is palmitic acid your friend
Remember everyone, napalm sticks to kids!
The fact that you specify “legally” implies that you have a plug
this seems a bit easy to make
Oh, and why use soap, when the supermarket sells glycerine 😆
Its what they did in the movie, if they bought glycerin from the store I would have.
THE SOAP WASN'T EXPLOSIVE. The soap was made for the layer of glycerin you skim off the tallows and ad nitric acid for nitroglycerin. then add sodium nitrate and saw dust to make dynamite.
If only someone made a video discussing this… and that second part is not right.
Pretty sure they change the real chemistry in movies for legal reasons.
😂 im probably on mad watch lists I just like chemicals
Oh, what fun you could have with a hundred acres.
the breaking bad please
Diesel fuel and styrofoam. Cheep napalm
Chicken crap and diesel fuel. A 12B’s friend.
I would love to see breaking bad
nice
I think the Anime Dr.Stone is acurate maybe you can take a look.