I love this channel because he leaves nothing hypothetical. He builds and demonstrates everything and leaves us amazed. He works really hard on his videos
From a practical perspective it may be helpful to remember that water pressure in PSI is equal to the height/depth/head of the water (column) X 2.31 feet pounds per square inch (& 0.433 PSI per foot of height.)
My high school physics teacher put a vacuum pump on the 5th floor ran a hose all the way down. Our school was just high enough for him to do this demonstration, and he take the effort to set everything up. I remember I was quite amazed and puzzled and starting asking all kinds of questions at the time. It really is the best way to learn about non-intuitive topics and this channel is doing a great job at it for everyone with a lower school roof.
@@PracticalEngineeringChannel when the water boils/voporize due to low pressure, does it get very cold ? It should absorb energy for the phase transition ?
I'm now hooked on your videos, making engineering so interesting and easy to understand. As an electrician my working life focus has always been on electricity but I am now fascinated with all the other disciplines and have a new found thirst for learning. Thanks for all the effort you are putting in making these great videos!
Great video! One thing worth mentioning is that trees manage to break this rule. Redwoods are far taller than your PVC pipe, but have Xylem (small tubes to transport water) running from the roots to the canopy. Only two things prevent the water from boiling ; a. the small diameter of the tube actually inhibits the state change and b. the perfectly smooth walls of the tubes do not have any imperfections to serve as a catalyst point or any defects to initiate a boil. The xylem can draw water using capillary action, and be absorbed at the top with no boiling.
maybe, because xylem in trees is not like as the "closed" pipe showed in this video. I think there is much pores in body of trees, so it can't cause vacuum effect at the top
Water doesn't boil in the tubes, but the atmosphere still wouldn't have the necessary pressure to take water from the roots to the leaves. Microscopic pumps maybe?
i don't know how the tree does it but maybe - just like a multi-stage well pump - the tree can use the atmosphere to get 32 feet of water lift - fill a reservoir - and start another pump to lift another 32 feet
His videos should inspire you to do more research on your own. Water boils when the vapor pressure equals the external pressure exerted on the liquid. You can achieve this by increasing the temperature or decreasing the pressure or any combination of the two. This is why water boils faster on the stove in higher altitude cities compared to sea level cities.(lower pressure at higher altitudes)
The best part is that the water actually gets colder when boiling it this way. The reason for this is that the temperature is not affected at all, but when pressure decreases the first molecules of water to vaporize are the ones that are slightly warmer than the rest. The liquid left over is colder as a result, though unnoticeable with a human hand.
+Cody Hubert I've experienced this when I used a rotary evaporator to sequentialy evaporate ether and water from a mixture. The ether came off at atmospheric pressure and got collected, then the water evaporated at high vacuum and froze in the collecting flask where ether had evaporated.
Hi there. I am from Germany and my mother tongue is not english, especially not the "technical language", but I could follow you perfectly with all the descriptions, figures and explainations. Great job with that video. Thanks a lot!!
I think that you do a great job explaining engineering to the “earthlings”, and doing a great service to the engineering profession. By the way, you do more for us, professional engineers, than all the “professional societies” combined. I enjoy seeing your dog in the video!
I have a problem here. I want to give you a like for using SI units, your dog, and the fact that it was a good video, but can only give one. Which on would you like?
I'd say SI units deserves props. As the majority of the population uses meter, Newton and subsequently Pascal, it's frustrating to watch a whole video using imperial system and having to keep converting the units for it to make sense. By the way, he also used his cat, so one more reason then!
Cazé Nunes yeah the cat is cute, but it wasn't being catlike enough (you know, getting in the way and just generally sabotaging any and all experiments) But on the matter of SI. I don't mind people using imperial. Hell, I use miles when I go jogging, but metric in the rest of my life. If I want to measure something small, I know the distance between my ring finger and thumb when held straight is 1 inch. Maybe because I grew up in the US and now live in Europe I can easily switch between the two, but imperial is nice as it is more intuitive in daily life, but when it comes to science and engineering, I do think that metric is the only way to go (less we want to crash another space probe into mars...)
I would have to create two other UA-cam accounts to answer this question honestly! - SI units would only sneak ahead because of that mars mission. - But truly the amount of effort taken to produce this video requires a very special type of content creator. - I am British and I have heard it said that we are a nation of animal lovers. Yup can't give you an answer sorry.
@@richardtickler8555 Way to predictably play the low IQ child-level projectionism card. 🤣 Shame you didn't try a bit of self/situational awareness first and look at how old the post is you are replying to.😁
Hi, thanks for this video! I was sent here by the inventor of Supadiverta, to help me understand how water from a roof's downpipes can travel down the downpipe, along a vertical underground pipe, then UP a vertical pipe into a rain water tank. Now I (sorta) understand, thanks to your video. Keep up the good work! Thanks a lot, from a curious lifelong learner.
I frequently boiled water at room temperature while in the refrigeration business; pulling a vacuum on the system before charging with refrigerant. Very interesting videos, you have another subscriber. (I'm Jay, Robert's cousin)
Very thoroughly explained well done. It's tricky to have a specific target audience on youtube as people's prior knowledge varies so greatly. After looking through the comments i think there's two main things people are still missing. 1) The lower container being sealing is absolutely critical in the model 2) There's no such thing as suction or negative pressure. When i try and explain similar ideas to people about pressure i pump up a bike inner tube to 101kPa (14Psi) and get them to squeeze it, then try and explain how the air around you is actually squeezing you that hard all the time but we're just used to it. I think your average viewer doesn't understand gauge vs absolute pressure. Your videos are of much higher quality than a lot of the stuff used at universities. I reckon you've got the potential to go niche and even sell content to universities with more specific videos. My university was really struggling to teach heat pumps, a video like this about isentropic efficiency, mollier diagrams and carnot cycles could go a long way. There's videos out there already but they're very much just voice over written notes.
In your opening chart, the one with the red dots, the answer to how to show they are all the same pressure could be shown by extending a small "pipe" up. if the pressure was greater in one or the other, then the small pipe should show higher. Now, this becomes more intuitive and does show logically/visually that the pressure is all the same.
Thank you for the video! Two odd-ball applications of hydrostatics and vacuum pressure: 1) generate low-pressure, low-temperature steam, and pull it through low-delta-temperature geothermal pipes; on the return trip, it is pulled into a piston, and atmospheric pressure is opened on the opposing face, to compress the somewhat-heated steam by an order of magnitude - generating local temps in the butt of the piston cylinder, for easy, compact, efficient heat at a higher temperature than the source, and 2) a reservoir where the entire lake bottom, all the way to the surface, and above it, are a honeycomb of slowly declining water levels, only minor pressure between each neighboring column of water, such that an entire 'Venice' could sit on top; the bricks used are moulded into shapes with holes, sealed over to be only slightly heavier than water, such that a 600 foot tower beneath the water needs only as much load-bearing brick as a one-storey house; numerous utilities from high-atmo domes beneath, (pressure-cycle chemistry, Maillard and Caramelization for cooking, pontoons to tug-boat factory floors, gantry systems clinging to dome ceilings where the supporting pressure holds them up) while you live and play in the sunny plazas and cafes above. "Why some cities *should* be submerged" on the newsletter site Medium, (include my name for Google to be less confused) for all the details.
--- DO NOT USE A LADDER LIKE THAT --- Use an extension ladder that goes ~3' above where it touches the roof. Have the angle at ~4:1 (1 unit of length horizontal for 4 units vertical - if you're going on a 12' ladder against a wall, the bottom of the ladder should be about 3' away from wall). Make sure the bottom of the ladder legs are level and on a secure footing and on a non-slippery surface (wet wood = surprisingly slippery). Make sure the both legs are touching the roof with an even amount of pressure. If you only have a step ladder, make sure it goes past where it touches the roof, and made sure you tie the step ladder's legs together so it doesn't open accidentally. More safety: have 3 points of contact at all times when climbing a ladder, and only put your hands on rungs (not the legs) when using a ladder. It's easy to get lazy on ladder safety, but its just as easy to seriously mess yourself up on one.
I've never had any interest in weather science or water pressures or anything else related to it, never. After watching your video, I want to learn more. This video was ABSOLUTELY BRILLIANT!!!
Studying chemical engineering and learned about manometers and barometers a few months ago. It's nice to finally knowing something before a science channel tells me about it ;)
I just discovered this channel, and this video is very good. It adds "concretness" to the hydrostatic potential seen in school. As a perfectionist, I have to point out that the explanation of pressure=force/area leading to the independancy to the column width might be better. I always represent myself a infinitesimal cube sitting at the point I want, and the weight of the waters columns above push on the top whereas the weight of the waters columns next to the cube push on the sides. So each column push on others columns and the net result is that only the height plays a role at equilibrium. This reasoning put the emphasis that pressure is really a local measure of force and this is what matters in water at equilibrium. And from this representation, you can directly deduce (with a bit of calculus) Archimedes' principle. So now, I hope a bit of Archimedes' principle in the next video ^^ Cheers !
I guess he got it by experiment, but you say that he derived it "theoreticaly" from more fondamental principles ? And when I say "calculus", I mean infinitesimal thinking :)
This is the earliest episode I have seen on your channel without starting from the beginning and watching them all as I’m doing right now. Tankey McTank face :)
More awesome, genuinely challenging with a good explanation rather than being told stuff we already knew because that was the limit of the person explaining (like just about every TV programme for the last 10 years)
I wasn't very keen on physics, but your video peaked my curiosity and interest. That describes how good your video is, mate. Thank you for the knowledge.
*Begin the video and remember that the upside down water bowls exist.* *Pauses video to reaffirm my hunch that it is due to atmospheric pressure* *Sees a popular mechanics article about it. Click on it.* *Popular Mechanics references the Practical Engineering video* I love how even as a mechanical engineer, the explanation and demonstration are still entertaining. I love your channel.
This video reminds me a lot of what my first fluid mechanics class was like in college. The professor even told us about making a barometer with water and how tall it would have to be. Fond memories.
I design wells, which are effectively 20,000-ft columns of water or other fluids and mastery of the principals discussed in this video is very important. I absolutely utilize my understanding of hydrostatics and phase diagrams to earn my living and this video is the best explanation I’ve ever seen. The only difference for me is the effect of atmospheric pressure is so small its effectively 0 compared with the “atmosphere “ at the bottom of the well, and the pressure is so great water can exist at as a liquid at very high temperatures instead of the opposite shown for existing as a gas at very low temperatures.
Go watch the "Smarter Everyday" video about the guy who builds giant Tesla Coils. One of them is 9 feet tall and throws 12 feet long lightning bolts. His neighbors must love him. ua-cam.com/video/_fTC_Ud_k3U/v-deo.html
Great video, I'm really enjoying your output. On ships, fresh water is made by boiling seawater at around 45 Celsius in a vacuum then condensing the steam formed. Waste heat from the main engine cooling system at 80c is used as the heat source. Gotta love those laws of hydrostatics!
Please tell me if I'm wrong! The pressures at the bottom of those containers at 0:40 are actually different. My reasoning: Pressure is a measure of Force/Area. That would mean that the only way all the containers could have the same water pressure at the bottom is if they have the same bottom cross-sectional area (which they don't). So... the container at the far left has the highest water pressure at the bottom since it has the largest cross-section area. Again, tell me if I'm wrong and why, thanks.
It's pressure inside the water at any given point. Not vertical pressure downwards on the ground. Imagine it's like the pressure you would feel if you were swimming underwater at that point.
Because mathematically, the force of the water is the specific weight (density times gravity) of the water times the volume of the water. Sw = density = [slug/ft3]*[ft/s2] = lb/ft3 (slug = lbs2/ft) F = Sw*Vol = [lb/ft3]*[ft3] = lb So no we have a force in pounds pushing down. We know pressure = Force / Area, in this case we take the vertical cross sectional P = Sw*(Vol/A ) and considering that Vol = Area*height we are left P = Sw*h [lb/ft2] Because Sw is constant, for water at room temperature it is 62.4 lb/ft3, that gives us a direct proportional relationship between pressure and water height or depth P~h
> My reasoning: Pressure is a measure of Force/Area. That would mean that the only way all the containers could have the same water pressure at the bottom is if they have the same bottom cross-sectional area (which they don't). Or if the force is proportional to the area. Anyway, I think, although the explanations were mostly clear, the explanation about energies in water could benefit from telling us why the energy must be the same at every point, what happens if it is not the same.
Simply you have one equation with one variable that's height P at tank bottom = d*g*h + patm D (density) and g and Patm are constants The only player is h not cross sectional area Since all tanks have same height they have must have the same P at tanks bottoms. If you are looking at P=F/A The shrink in A is balanced by the shrink in F (mass*g) leading to a constant P mathematically.
The pressure in this case(fluid+gravity) is vertical. . It's like stacking boxes (or ice cubes). It doesn't matter the size of the base weighing plate, the vertical weight is the same.... It just has to be on top of the other ... Fluid is weird. Fluid doesn't have solid friction. . . Take away the solid container, the pressure will be the same at each height. Fluid will fall away from itself. So measurement is straight up.... Even though there's a funnel container.
I dont normally comment on youtube videos but i feel i have to in this case...Your videos are amazing my friend ! The only drawback i see is theres not more of them haha. Believe me when i say youre on my extremely short list of channels that i eagerly look forward to a new video being posted ! You say you want feedback and motivation to continue making videos well, i've done my part ! Your channel is fantastic.
In that case I am pretty sure that most dogs will prefer not to be the best. I personally will prefer that my dog retains his forth leg, even if that does not make him the best.
I’m trying to get my daughter to follow in my foot steps with her career, needless to say I was not having much luck. Your videos has captured her attention and curiosity,,, thank you!
Came here from Tom Scott! I thought your video on the Hyatt Regency disaster was great! I took a class on engineering design and product failures, and this stuff really intrigues me. I would love to see more videos on engineering disasters!
My home town didn't have a water tower, but we did have lots of hill. On the top of the highest hill in town was a huge water tank that just sat on the ground at the top of the hill. A friend of mine, who lived up in one of the hills had a much lower water pressure than what we had at my house.
If you understood everything, could you please explain to me why the water has the same amount of (total) energy at every point? Why can't the top be higher/lower on energy than the bottom? For comparison, if you stack solids onto one another, shouldn't the higher ones have more energy?
Think of it this way. By your analogy the bricks at the top have more potential energy but less internal energy (stress in this case). Bricks at the top have nothing pressing them and they only have potential energy. But as you go down, the lower layer of bricks have lesser potential energy but at the same time have more number of bricks pressing on them (more internal energy) so even though the bricks at the bottom have zero potential energy the lower layer of bricks have all the stacks of bricks pressing on them and therefore at any point the sum of potential and internal energy remains constant.
Yes you are right in viewing internal energy as the energy contained in the system. But Grady is referring to pressure of the fluid as internal energy . Refer to this link hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/pber.html. Energy = pressure + kinetic + potential. Also take a look at this page - hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/inteng.html
Great job guy.... And yea the reinforced dirt vid was a really cool one... feels like, cable tv is so useless now because of ppl like yourself.... love the presentation style
So if you have a tall enough water tower that is air-tight in a warm climate, and paint it black with some reflectors pointed at it around the base, you could pump seawater into it and have it work as a vacuum distiller. By painting it black you'd need less elevation, as it would heat up. (Boiling point would still be lowered by the vacuum draw.) A separate collection area with it's own drain internal to the tower could be placed under tubing coils with seawater constanly pumped through (which is cooler than water in reservoir section) and condense out freshwater. Volume per day would be limited by the evaporation and condensation rate based on available sun and coolness of the seawater, but I'd think that would work pretty simply on a 3rd world budget compared to reverse-osmosis. Probably wouldn't do enough for large city-scale or modern farm irrigation, but would provide enough freshwater for a small coastal or island village.
I like the way you are thinking here! I wish I had a place to try this. You would need full elevation for the condenser side, but the level of sea water would be lower because of the temperature. (and salt) The warmth of the climate wouldn't matter as long as it was above freezing, just the amount of sunlight and the amount of cooling on the condenser side.
Interesting idea, some problems: First, you need to pump up the water, needs energy too. Second, painting black is a good idea, but you need some cold surface to let the water condense too. Would be interesting to see the math behind it, but in the end you need to take other things into account too, like construction effort, microbial hygiene etc. 3rd world situations call for simple, robust still efficient constructions that scale. Cheep, good, fast: choose any two.
Thank you for your great videos! Your use of googly eyes keeps our kids laughing and interested. Your clear explanations keep us parents learning, too!
I know I’m a little late to the party, but watching this reminds me of how doctors measure the pressure of cerebral spinal fluid in medicine when doing a lumbar puncture. The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by a fluid called cerebral spinal fluid, or CSF. This is a closed system, where CSF is produced in the brain, circulates around and is reabsorbed back in the brain again. Sometimes, there is a block in the system, or the reabsorbing area gets damaged, or there is a bleed that increases the pressure in the system. To check the pressure, we can take a needle and insert it into the lower back (“lumbar spine”). Then, we quickly attach a tall piece of glassware called a manometer to the site that is oriented vertically. The fluid enters the manometer, and the volume that enters is correlated with the pressure on the device, making the “pressure line” like in the water tower. So, for all you premeds out there, I know physics is annoying, but, interestingly enough, it still applies even to medicine :)
I knew studying Biology was a complete waste of time, i should walked the pathway of engineering - if the apocalypse ever occurred i would find you and protect you with my life ;)
I just graduated with a genetics degree and I am looking at my engineering friends with a bit of envy. That is, until I think of all the math and physics they had to do...
I deal with this a few times a week.i siphon out barrels of water collected from ac units.ive learned to get a siphon going by simply taking a length of hose long enough to go from the bottom of one barrel to the next plus a couple extra feet. I then yank the hose very very quickly out of the full barrel of water and have my thumb tightly covering the end of the hose and once the yank gets below say half the barrel of water I release my thumb of the end off the hose. .generally doing this twice gets a serious siphon going. The siphon stays going strong until that balance changes between barrels/buckets.
That long tube you show at the end is a good visualization of the main principle that limits trees' height. If a tree is too high cavitation bubbles will form in its xylem (dissolves gasses escape, and the water literally boils), preventing flow and eventually killing the tree in some cases.
Every time I see this dude doing something on or around his house, I keep thinking he has a wife that is watching out the window shaking her head and simultaneously worried he's gonna kill himself doing something ridiculous like falling off the roof while taking selfies up there.
I love this channel because he leaves nothing hypothetical. He builds and demonstrates everything and leaves us amazed. He works really hard on his videos
so what youre saying is that hes using *puts sunglasses on* practical engineering
@@TexasKing100 sir you are a gangster
From a practical perspective it may be helpful to remember that water pressure in PSI is equal to the height/depth/head of the water (column) X 2.31 feet pounds per square inch (& 0.433 PSI per foot of height.)
My high school physics teacher put a vacuum pump on the 5th floor ran a hose all the way down. Our school was just high enough for him to do this demonstration, and he take the effort to set everything up. I remember I was quite amazed and puzzled and starting asking all kinds of questions at the time. It really is the best way to learn about non-intuitive topics and this channel is doing a great job at it for everyone with a lower school roof.
Holy moly, where'd all you people come from?! Thanks for subscribing!
AvE commented on one your videos so it popped up on my YT homepage :-)
Reddit!
your reinforced dirt video :)
the reinforced dirt video was on reddit, love your work man cuz these types of things make me want to be an engineer. keep on inspiring people :)
About time to get some more subscribers, your content is really well planned out and executed!
This is the reason why i'm subscribing this channel, simple explanation, easy to understand, and SCIENTIFICALLY ACCURATE.
Great video Grady!
Thanks!
Top ten anime love bonds that will never be broken
Great now I am sub to both
No
@@PracticalEngineeringChannel when the water boils/voporize due to low pressure, does it get very cold ?
It should absorb energy for the phase transition ?
I'm now hooked on your videos, making engineering so interesting and easy to understand. As an electrician my working life focus has always been on electricity but I am now fascinated with all the other disciplines and have a new found thirst for learning. Thanks for all the effort you are putting in making these great videos!
"what if we could build a taller cat bowl?" me: "I'm listening"
But now we need a taller cat..
@@GenoLoma that's called a furry
Great video! One thing worth mentioning is that trees manage to break this rule. Redwoods are far taller than your PVC pipe, but have Xylem (small tubes to transport water) running from the roots to the canopy. Only two things prevent the water from boiling ; a. the small diameter of the tube actually inhibits the state change and b. the perfectly smooth walls of the tubes do not have any imperfections to serve as a catalyst point or any defects to initiate a boil. The xylem can draw water using capillary action, and be absorbed at the top with no boiling.
maybe, because xylem in trees is not like as the "closed" pipe showed in this video. I think there is much pores in body of trees, so it can't cause vacuum effect at the top
Water doesn't boil in the tubes, but the atmosphere still wouldn't have the necessary pressure to take water from the roots to the leaves. Microscopic pumps maybe?
i don't know how the tree does it but maybe -
just like a multi-stage well pump - the tree can use the atmosphere to get 32 feet of water lift - fill a reservoir - and start another pump to lift another 32 feet
There's capillary effect in action. The surface tension of water and acute meniscus of water surface in thin tubes makes it rise great heights.
There is water evaporating through small pores at the leaves or needles which helps water transport upwards against gravity
Haha, "engineers who work with fluids need a solid understanding"
I laughed at the same sentence.. Brilliant humor!
AHAHA!
fluids dont have to be liquid...
Fluids don't need to be wet....
He didn't say they did
“HONEY HE IS ON THE ROOF AGAIN”
I apologise for one of your agents needing to bleach his eyes
😅😅😅
@@munkymittens oh
the part with the boiling at the end was really interesting, too bad it was so short. I wish you could describe it in more depth :-/
His videos should inspire you to do more research on your own. Water boils when the vapor pressure equals the external pressure exerted on the liquid. You can achieve this by increasing the temperature or decreasing the pressure or any combination of the two. This is why water boils faster on the stove in higher altitude cities compared to sea level cities.(lower pressure at higher altitudes)
cavitation
The best part is that the water actually gets colder when boiling it this way.
The reason for this is that the temperature is not affected at all, but when pressure decreases the first molecules of water to vaporize are the ones that are slightly warmer than the rest. The liquid left over is colder as a result, though unnoticeable with a human hand.
+Cody Hubert I've experienced this when I used a rotary evaporator to sequentialy evaporate ether and water from a mixture. The ether came off at atmospheric pressure and got collected, then the water evaporated at high vacuum and froze in the collecting flask where ether had evaporated.
I sat down and calculated it myself with help of bernoulli. I totally get it now. thx for the replies though :)
Hi there. I am from Germany and my mother tongue is not english, especially not the "technical language", but I could follow you perfectly with all the descriptions, figures and explainations. Great job with that video. Thanks a lot!!
I think that you do a great job explaining engineering to the “earthlings”, and doing a great service to the engineering profession. By the way, you do more for us, professional engineers, than all the “professional societies” combined. I enjoy seeing your dog in the video!
You deserve a show on Netflix bro!
Respect and love from Milan, Italy 🇮🇹
I have a problem here. I want to give you a like for using SI units, your dog, and the fact that it was a good video, but can only give one. Which on would you like?
I'd say SI units deserves props. As the majority of the population uses meter, Newton and subsequently Pascal, it's frustrating to watch a whole video using imperial system and having to keep converting the units for it to make sense. By the way, he also used his cat, so one more reason then!
Cazé Nunes
yeah the cat is cute, but it wasn't being catlike enough (you know, getting in the way and just generally sabotaging any and all experiments)
But on the matter of SI. I don't mind people using imperial. Hell, I use miles when I go jogging, but metric in the rest of my life. If I want to measure something small, I know the distance between my ring finger and thumb when held straight is 1 inch. Maybe because I grew up in the US and now live in Europe I can easily switch between the two, but imperial is nice as it is more intuitive in daily life, but when it comes to science and engineering, I do think that metric is the only way to go (less we want to crash another space probe into mars...)
I would have to create two other UA-cam accounts to answer this question honestly!
- SI units would only sneak ahead because of that mars mission.
- But truly the amount of effort taken to produce this video requires a very special type of content creator.
- I am British and I have heard it said that we are a nation of animal lovers.
Yup can't give you an answer sorry.
You should watch his video on an automated aggregation system. The cat is in the way, in everyway. :P
He has a cat as well which you neglected to mention therefore I can not in good conscience give you a like
One of the best channels on youtube hands down
I love your channel !!. you need like 100 million subscribers so you can help educate our new generations. very well presented.
4 years later: Real facts, science, and math are 'racist'/'tools of the oppressive patriarchy'/'proof of white privilege'.
(Wish I was joking now.) 😥
@@tcmtech7515 oh look at this snowflake being triggered from the assumption rhat someone is triggered by (checks notes) hydrostatic
get a life mate
@@richardtickler8555 Way to predictably play the low IQ child-level projectionism card. 🤣
Shame you didn't try a bit of self/situational awareness first and look at how old the post is you are replying to.😁
@@tcmtech7515 ooooh, the low IQ meme, strong. im impressed, not really pretty standard from your sort
School:
Ministry:
Online Classes:
Hi, thanks for this video! I was sent here by the inventor of Supadiverta, to help me understand how water from a roof's downpipes can travel down the downpipe, along a vertical underground pipe, then UP a vertical pipe into a rain water tank. Now I (sorta) understand, thanks to your video. Keep up the good work! Thanks a lot, from a curious lifelong learner.
Get that man a funnel
lol
The kids here did a roof funnel, bad idea.. pressure was higher, which was un expected. ... Like turning on a garden hose shoved in the mouth.
cake.
@@PracticalEngineeringChannel never thought I'd see 'lol' from a literal engineer.
@@r0ug374 We ain't automata, you know?
I frequently boiled water at room temperature while in the refrigeration business; pulling a vacuum on the system before charging with refrigerant. Very interesting videos, you have another subscriber.
(I'm Jay, Robert's cousin)
Very thoroughly explained well done. It's tricky to have a specific target audience on youtube as people's prior knowledge varies so greatly. After looking through the comments i think there's two main things people are still missing. 1) The lower container being sealing is absolutely critical in the model 2) There's no such thing as suction or negative pressure. When i try and explain similar ideas to people about pressure i pump up a bike inner tube to 101kPa (14Psi) and get them to squeeze it, then try and explain how the air around you is actually squeezing you that hard all the time but we're just used to it. I think your average viewer doesn't understand gauge vs absolute pressure.
Your videos are of much higher quality than a lot of the stuff used at universities. I reckon you've got the potential to go niche and even sell content to universities with more specific videos. My university was really struggling to teach heat pumps, a video like this about isentropic efficiency, mollier diagrams and carnot cycles could go a long way. There's videos out there already but they're very much just voice over written notes.
You built a pipe as long as tall as building filled with water just to prove a point.
You have my respect! And likes!
In your opening chart, the one with the red dots, the answer to how to show they are all the same pressure could be shown by extending a small "pipe" up. if the pressure was greater in one or the other, then the small pipe should show higher.
Now, this becomes more intuitive and does show logically/visually that the pressure is all the same.
Thank you for the video! Two odd-ball applications of hydrostatics and vacuum pressure: 1) generate low-pressure, low-temperature steam, and pull it through low-delta-temperature geothermal pipes; on the return trip, it is pulled into a piston, and atmospheric pressure is opened on the opposing face, to compress the somewhat-heated steam by an order of magnitude - generating local temps in the butt of the piston cylinder, for easy, compact, efficient heat at a higher temperature than the source, and 2) a reservoir where the entire lake bottom, all the way to the surface, and above it, are a honeycomb of slowly declining water levels, only minor pressure between each neighboring column of water, such that an entire 'Venice' could sit on top; the bricks used are moulded into shapes with holes, sealed over to be only slightly heavier than water, such that a 600 foot tower beneath the water needs only as much load-bearing brick as a one-storey house; numerous utilities from high-atmo domes beneath, (pressure-cycle chemistry, Maillard and Caramelization for cooking, pontoons to tug-boat factory floors, gantry systems clinging to dome ceilings where the supporting pressure holds them up) while you live and play in the sunny plazas and cafes above. "Why some cities *should* be submerged" on the newsletter site Medium, (include my name for Google to be less confused) for all the details.
--- DO NOT USE A LADDER LIKE THAT ---
Use an extension ladder that goes ~3' above where it touches the roof. Have the angle at ~4:1 (1 unit of length horizontal for 4 units vertical - if you're going on a 12' ladder against a wall, the bottom of the ladder should be about 3' away from wall).
Make sure the bottom of the ladder legs are level and on a secure footing and on a non-slippery surface (wet wood = surprisingly slippery). Make sure the both legs are touching the roof with an even amount of pressure.
If you only have a step ladder, make sure it goes past where it touches the roof, and made sure you tie the step ladder's legs together so it doesn't open accidentally.
More safety: have 3 points of contact at all times when climbing a ladder, and only put your hands on rungs (not the legs) when using a ladder.
It's easy to get lazy on ladder safety, but its just as easy to seriously mess yourself up on one.
Wow dude, that is an awesome comment! Nice work! Ima take a screen shot of this!
@De1n3n Kr4ftTr4um thanks UwU
I've never had any interest in weather science or water pressures or anything else related to it, never. After watching your video, I want to learn more.
This video was ABSOLUTELY BRILLIANT!!!
Wow, where were you during my engineering classes! You Really make things easy to understand.
Studying chemical engineering and learned about manometers and barometers a few months ago. It's nice to finally knowing something before a science channel tells me about it ;)
I just discovered this channel, and this video is very good. It adds "concretness" to the hydrostatic potential seen in school.
As a perfectionist, I have to point out that the explanation of pressure=force/area leading to the independancy to the column width might be better. I always represent myself a infinitesimal cube sitting at the point I want, and the weight of the waters columns above push on the top whereas the weight of the waters columns next to the cube push on the sides. So each column push on others columns and the net result is that only the height plays a role at equilibrium. This reasoning put the emphasis that pressure is really a local measure of force and this is what matters in water at equilibrium. And from this representation, you can directly deduce (with a bit of calculus) Archimedes' principle.
So now, I hope a bit of Archimedes' principle in the next video ^^ Cheers !
That's a very good way to look at it. Thanks!
Of course you can derive Archimedes principle without calculus, as Archimedes himself did.
I guess he got it by experiment, but you say that he derived it "theoreticaly" from more fondamental principles ? And when I say "calculus", I mean infinitesimal thinking :)
+Astérisque Etpéril I can see your fedora from here, lol.
+Astérisque Etpéril
Read "On Floating Bodies" by Archimedes. An interesting read.
The demonstrations are so over the top. I love it.
Dear Grady,
Please stop making such good videos, you'll put us out of a job.
Best regards,
Chemical engineers everywhere
This is the earliest episode I have seen on your channel without starting from the beginning and watching them all as I’m doing right now. Tankey McTank face :)
More awesome, genuinely challenging with a good explanation rather than being told stuff we already knew because that was the limit of the person explaining (like just about every TV programme for the last 10 years)
I wasn't very keen on physics, but your video peaked my curiosity and interest.
That describes how good your video is, mate. Thank you for the knowledge.
I'm glad that you explained what those feet were in meters otherwise this vid wouldn't have made much sense for me :)
Simple approximate calculation, 1 meter = 3 feet. Once you know this you can easily approximate from one to the other!
eah but... 10m=1bar ;) thats just goodd
Taken one step farther you have 1 meter = 1 yard
Actually, one meter is much closer to 3.3 feet, though I know that's off a bit. One meter is approximately 3.28084 feet.
+Sander vd Donk
Wow, you must really suck at math, not to be able to divide by 3...
your way of telling is just so cool and simple, makes engineering fun
Perfect timing, I have a fluid mechanics engineering exam on this material in 10 hours!
I have the exam tomorrow!, were are you at?
+Amhran "May Reynolds be with you..." 🙏👍
So can you exspain how to use this to make drinking water..
I think science channels are fascinating and you have earned my subscription.
I think that your wife has infinite patience!!!
many thanks for those awesome videos!!!
J Sev I used to be like that then I got addicted to opiates.
Another great video that shows how much better the metric system is.
always informative!
*Begin the video and remember that the upside down water bowls exist.*
*Pauses video to reaffirm my hunch that it is due to atmospheric pressure*
*Sees a popular mechanics article about it. Click on it.*
*Popular Mechanics references the Practical Engineering video*
I love how even as a mechanical engineer, the explanation and demonstration are still entertaining. I love your channel.
This video reminds me a lot of what my first fluid mechanics class was like in college. The professor even told us about making a barometer with water and how tall it would have to be. Fond memories.
You’re a good educator. These videos make it easy for anyone to learn engineering concepts.
This is proof that even science benefits from a well placed pair of googly eyes.
You definitively nailed it!
I find "Practical Engineering" very nice and interesting, because it makes seemingly difficult topics way more understandable :)
4:13 I thought I was entering an alternate dimension into a horror movie
yes
I design wells, which are effectively 20,000-ft columns of water or other fluids and mastery of the principals discussed in this video is very important. I absolutely utilize my understanding of hydrostatics and phase diagrams to earn my living and this video is the best explanation I’ve ever seen. The only difference for me is the effect of atmospheric pressure is so small its effectively 0 compared with the “atmosphere “ at the bottom of the well, and the pressure is so great water can exist at as a liquid at very high temperatures instead of the opposite shown for existing as a gas at very low temperatures.
This ten minute video was more fascinating than a my grade 10 advance physics class.
Thank you.
You are the greatest scientist on social media . Keep it up and thank you for helping us understand laws of science better .
your neighbors must be baffled by you
Go watch the "Smarter Everyday" video about the guy who builds giant Tesla Coils. One of them is 9 feet tall and throws 12 feet long lightning bolts. His neighbors must love him.
ua-cam.com/video/_fTC_Ud_k3U/v-deo.html
J Sev he's not gay, sorry mate struck out again. Alway a bridesmaid, never a bride lol.
Love the googly eye touch. You do FANTASTIC work my friend!
This was very interesting and educational - Thank you so much for making these!
Great video, I'm really enjoying your output. On ships, fresh water is made by boiling seawater at around 45 Celsius in a vacuum then condensing the steam formed. Waste heat from the main engine cooling system at 80c is used as the heat source. Gotta love those laws of hydrostatics!
Please tell me if I'm wrong! The pressures at the bottom of those containers at 0:40 are actually different.
My reasoning: Pressure is a measure of Force/Area. That would mean that the only way all the containers could have the same water pressure at the bottom is if they have the same bottom cross-sectional area (which they don't). So... the container at the far left has the highest water pressure at the bottom since it has the largest cross-section area. Again, tell me if I'm wrong and why, thanks.
It's pressure inside the water at any given point. Not vertical pressure downwards on the ground. Imagine it's like the pressure you would feel if you were swimming underwater at that point.
Because mathematically, the force of the water is the specific weight (density times gravity) of the water times the volume of the water.
Sw = density = [slug/ft3]*[ft/s2] = lb/ft3 (slug = lbs2/ft)
F = Sw*Vol = [lb/ft3]*[ft3] = lb
So no we have a force in pounds pushing down.
We know pressure = Force / Area, in this case we take the vertical cross sectional
P = Sw*(Vol/A ) and considering that Vol = Area*height we are left
P = Sw*h [lb/ft2]
Because Sw is constant, for water at room temperature it is 62.4 lb/ft3, that gives us a direct proportional relationship between pressure and water height or depth
P~h
> My reasoning: Pressure is a measure of Force/Area. That would mean that the only way all the containers could have the same water pressure at the bottom is if they have the same bottom cross-sectional area (which they don't).
Or if the force is proportional to the area.
Anyway, I think, although the explanations were mostly clear, the explanation about energies in water could benefit from telling us why the energy must be the same at every point, what happens if it is not the same.
Simply you have one equation with one variable that's height
P at tank bottom = d*g*h + patm
D (density) and g and Patm are constants
The only player is h not cross sectional area
Since all tanks have same height they have must have the same P at tanks bottoms.
If you are looking at P=F/A
The shrink in A is balanced by the shrink in F (mass*g) leading to a constant P mathematically.
The pressure in this case(fluid+gravity) is vertical.
.
It's like stacking boxes (or ice cubes). It doesn't matter the size of the base weighing plate, the vertical weight is the same....
It just has to be on top of the other
... Fluid is weird.
Fluid doesn't have solid friction.
.
.
Take away the solid container, the pressure will be the same at each height.
Fluid will fall away from itself. So measurement is straight up.... Even though there's a funnel container.
The Graphics in this video are very clear and useful! Great Job!
I dont normally comment on youtube videos but i feel i have to in this case...Your videos are amazing my friend ! The only drawback i see is theres not more of them haha. Believe me when i say youre on my extremely short list of channels that i eagerly look forward to a new video being posted ! You say you want feedback and motivation to continue making videos well, i've done my part ! Your channel is fantastic.
This is really kind. Thanks! I will try to keep it up :)
@Practical Engineering, Hi so does this mean if water boils at room temperature, can you still be burned ? Thanks!
Battosai Jenkins Nope. The water is still room temperature.
Had a physics professor demo water boiling and freezing simultaneously. Cool demo!
"let's build a tank and find out"
*Pulls up in scratch built t-34*
I’m normally very intuitive but this content just blew my mind
3 leg dogs are the best!
In that case I am pretty sure that most dogs will prefer not to be the best. I personally will prefer that my dog retains his forth leg, even if that does not make him the best.
6-8 leg dogs is better.
Just imagine it.
aiTheVulture that would be terrifying.
Ok my mind was just completely blown! Wow, you have a really good understanding of science.
You're making me excited to choose a tudy wich involves engeneering :D
I love tudies that involve engineering!
Yes! Best type of tudies!
I love tudying
Tudies!
Mmhmmm tudy sessions....
I’m trying to get my daughter to follow in my foot steps with her career, needless to say I was not having much luck.
Your videos has captured her attention and curiosity,,, thank you!
Came here from Tom Scott!
I thought your video on the Hyatt Regency disaster was great! I took a class on engineering design and product failures, and this stuff really intrigues me. I would love to see more videos on engineering disasters!
My home town didn't have a water tower, but we did have lots of hill. On the top of the highest hill in town was a huge water tank that just sat on the ground at the top of the hill.
A friend of mine, who lived up in one of the hills had a much lower water pressure than what we had at my house.
I think A+++ Tom Scott for sending me here.
I'm no engineer but I love this kind of knowledge and you make it fantastically interesting! Subscribed!
Tom Scott sent me, Excellent video. I am now Subscribed
If you understood everything, could you please explain to me why the water has the same amount of (total) energy at every point? Why can't the top be higher/lower on energy than the bottom?
For comparison, if you stack solids onto one another, shouldn't the higher ones have more energy?
Think of it this way. By your analogy the bricks at the top have more potential energy but less internal energy (stress in this case). Bricks at the top have nothing pressing them and they only have potential energy. But as you go down, the lower layer of bricks have lesser potential energy but at the same time have more number of bricks pressing on them (more internal energy) so even though the bricks at the bottom have zero potential energy the lower layer of bricks have all the stacks of bricks pressing on them and therefore at any point the sum of potential and internal energy remains constant.
So you're saying that "internal energy" is the pressure applied by the environment? That doesn't sound like an object's own energy.
Yes you are right in viewing internal energy as the energy contained in the system. But Grady is referring to pressure of the fluid as internal energy . Refer to this link hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/pber.html. Energy = pressure + kinetic + potential. Also take a look at this page - hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/inteng.html
Thanks
This type of video is what would of helped me understand in my science classes. I need visuals and exemples to fully understand. Very well made!
This is the junior high school physics that you need to get in top exam senior high schools.
Your a genius Brady. When I get scared driving over a bridge I remind myself it's people like you who built them then I'm calm again.
Great job guy.... And yea the reinforced dirt vid was a really cool one... feels like, cable tv is so useless now because of ppl like yourself.... love the presentation style
This guy is such a good teacher
Tankie McTankface. I have got to like this video 🤣
This has got to have the most effort put in to make a video I've seen so far. Great job! I loved it. Totally worth subscribing
this is a great video. and your doggy is great
I think I’m really glad you didn’t fall off of that roof! Thanks, good video.
So if you have a tall enough water tower that is air-tight in a warm climate, and paint it black with some reflectors pointed at it around the base, you could pump seawater into it and have it work as a vacuum distiller. By painting it black you'd need less elevation, as it would heat up. (Boiling point would still be lowered by the vacuum draw.) A separate collection area with it's own drain internal to the tower could be placed under tubing coils with seawater constanly pumped through (which is cooler than water in reservoir section) and condense out freshwater. Volume per day would be limited by the evaporation and condensation rate based on available sun and coolness of the seawater, but I'd think that would work pretty simply on a 3rd world budget compared to reverse-osmosis. Probably wouldn't do enough for large city-scale or modern farm irrigation, but would provide enough freshwater for a small coastal or island village.
I like the way you are thinking here!
I wish I had a place to try this.
You would need full elevation for the condenser side, but the level of sea water would be lower because of the temperature. (and salt)
The warmth of the climate wouldn't matter as long as it was above freezing, just the amount of sunlight and the amount of cooling on the condenser side.
Depending on how much vacuum you are drawing you may want to go smaller scale. Also they'll get salt out of the deal too
pauljs75 get that patented!
what about using that to cool stuff?
Interesting idea, some problems: First, you need to pump up the water, needs energy too. Second, painting black is a good idea, but you need some cold surface to let the water condense too. Would be interesting to see the math behind it, but in the end you need to take other things into account too, like construction effort, microbial hygiene etc. 3rd world situations call for simple, robust still efficient constructions that scale.
Cheep, good, fast: choose any two.
Thank you for your great videos! Your use of googly eyes keeps our kids laughing and interested. Your clear explanations keep us parents learning, too!
Got the question right. That mechanical engineering degree was good for something after all!
The world needed you and you answered the call. Thank you for this channel!!
TANKY MCTANK FACE YES thank you
Your pratical experimentation is superb
I'm thinking about that hard-hat shark
So if we had a pipe of water above the ocean, it would create the same pressure as if the ocean was raised by that much?
"Engineers working with fluids need a sold understanding..."
Haw.
Washboard Man Hahahah
I know I’m a little late to the party, but watching this reminds me of how doctors measure the pressure of cerebral spinal fluid in medicine when doing a lumbar puncture. The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by a fluid called cerebral spinal fluid, or CSF. This is a closed system, where CSF is produced in the brain, circulates around and is reabsorbed back in the brain again. Sometimes, there is a block in the system, or the reabsorbing area gets damaged, or there is a bleed that increases the pressure in the system.
To check the pressure, we can take a needle and insert it into the lower back (“lumbar spine”). Then, we quickly attach a tall piece of glassware called a manometer to the site that is oriented vertically. The fluid enters the manometer, and the volume that enters is correlated with the pressure on the device, making the “pressure line” like in the water tower.
So, for all you premeds out there, I know physics is annoying, but, interestingly enough, it still applies even to medicine :)
Even though Tanky McTankface is a vastly superior name, unfortunately that design was christened as Sir David Attenborough.
Loved this vid. You+Adam Savage=collab!!!
I knew studying Biology was a complete waste of time, i should walked the pathway of engineering - if the apocalypse ever occurred i would find you and protect you with my life ;)
I just graduated with a genetics degree and I am looking at my engineering friends with a bit of envy. That is, until I think of all the math and physics they had to do...
If you think math and physics are boring but enjoy studying different life forms, I think you made the right choice.
You didn't have enough statistics and maths in chemistry and biology?
I deal with this a few times a week.i siphon out barrels of water collected from ac units.ive learned to get a siphon going by simply taking a length of hose long enough to go from the bottom of one barrel to the next plus a couple extra feet.
I then yank the hose very very quickly out of the full barrel of water and have my thumb tightly covering the end of the hose and once the yank gets below say half the barrel of water I release my thumb of the end off the hose.
.generally doing this twice gets a serious siphon going.
The siphon stays going strong until that balance changes between barrels/buckets.
"and I am on the roof, with a contraption of my own design" ... lol
That long tube you show at the end is a good visualization of the main principle that limits trees' height. If a tree is too high cavitation bubbles will form in its xylem (dissolves gasses escape, and the water literally boils), preventing flow and eventually killing the tree in some cases.
Redwoods...
I assume your neighbors know you? lol...
Very well explained. I like your communication style.
You should do a video about cavitation in a centrifugal pump!
I wish i found your channel on my school year because i think it would help me get a better grade at physics
Every time I see this dude doing something on or around his house, I keep thinking he has a wife that is watching out the window shaking her head and simultaneously worried he's gonna kill himself doing something ridiculous like falling off the roof while taking selfies up there.
This is the best recommendation UA-cam has ever given me