In the Pinuyumayan (Puyuma) language, the word for center is tenuk, which might be related to *tengaq. The PAN word for the right hand side seems to be *ka-wanaN, like kawanan in the Pangcah (Amis) language, and kanavalj in Paiwan. I wonder if that also could be the origin of kona. In the Tsou language, right hand side evolved to become vhona.
If you follow the sound change rule for tengaq to Tagalog, the expected word for center is "tinga" (e to i sound change). Maybe "gitna" is a corruption of "tinga". However, "tinga" means food particle in between the teeth. I've just learned that "tinga" is related to the proto-austronesian for food particle in between the teeth "CingaS" and not "tengaq".
vut languyages evolved 3k years ago not because of rules, but because it jsut acme naturally, so don't base anything on reules med just now, when we are talking og what happned or what could ahve hap[pned 3-4k yersa go, when there wre no rules, things just happened instinctically, or by instinct, or by unrpedicable forces of nature, events, history, and so on...buyt definitely not by rules just recently amde in schools
anf proto autronesian language, that's just theoretical..everything by sepculation and some intelligent guesses....but it's not hundred percent accurate to base eerything on, everything is flexible
and ont you know that in asutronesian theory, tagalog language was first to happen before all the other malay and indonesian and pl;ynesians languages came to be? coz we have the out of taiwan theory here, from north to south, and the philippines at center....dang, dami niyong hindi naiintindihan
@@esperanzacorazon9686 Agree. Proto-Austronesian language is nothing but speculation. We dont know the true ancestral language. Theres a possibility that Polynesian languages are closer to the original Austronesian language since they were isolated from the rest of the world for thousands of years.
In Cebuano language, the term for middle or center is also 'tonga' with a glottal stop at the last vowel (which is 'a'). The Cebuano term for north (or northeast) wind is 'amihan' (stress at the second syllable -'mi) while south (or southwest) wind is 'habagat' (stress at the second syllable -'ba).
It is not the case in Malagasy. You see, "tena" alone means like 'oneself' in English. (ny tenako - myself / ny tenany - himself, herself...). We don't really use the word "tenatena" without the location particle "an-". Thus "eo antenatena(n'ny)" means 'in the middle (of)'
O my gosh. I could understand it very well. Təngå means middle. But this word we also use after eating in Antique, in Panay island. The act when you go down from the house to sit and rest somewhere, under the tree after enjoying food. Some do it smoking cigarettes, eating candies or drink coffee to digest the food.
In Sundanese there is "Tongoh" which means land above and "Lebak" which means land below, there is also the word "Tengak/Nengak" which means looking up.
Instristing. I speak rote languange, Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia. Kona Means South and also mean right hand. Center: Taladak South: Kona North: Ki (Also means Left Hand) West: Muri East: Dulu
How to say “center” in Malayo-Polynesian Languages: Malay: tengah Indonesian: tengah Filipino: gitna Cebuano: tungatunga Iloko: tengnga Kapampangan: libutad Maori: waenganui Samoan: ogatotonu Hawaiian: waena
oooh wait, i remembered soemthing...in tagalog west is kanluran, or where something kanlong's...or rests....or wehre the sun sets...wait, maybe kanlong is related to kona....and kanan is related to kanluran....and we also have realy good coffee from abtangas, southwest side of luzon island...yeah, maybe the out of taiwan theory is true...coz when you come from the north, the west side is at your right side...kjanan is kanluran...
in tagalog, south is timog...oh no, i remember a word in tagalog close to tengaq meaning protected, enclosed, safe from movement...it's the word, tinggil, which is a woman's clitoris, oh no, but it does make sense, right?
we also have a word , tigil, which means, to stop, or in nakatigil, it means it's still, no movement...maybe it's also related...liker when the wind is not moving, the wind is nakatigil...
@@isfiya8961 another pure Malay word which is related to Hawaiian word "Kona" is actually "Kanan" which means right side. Most probably in ancient time, the original Malay word was "Kana" without the letter "n" at the end of the word.
oh, maybe kandungan is kanluran..kandungan is where soemthing is kept and nurtured and cared for, or the lap of someone is kandungan..nakakandong is to sit ont eh lap of someone....kanlungan is wehre someone or some people are sheltered, taken care of, nurtured, halped,k ept safe...
@@esperanzacorazon9686 some word i know is anak same with malay mean child right? puyo the name of kind of fish but in malay is puyu .other is toyo mean soya sos right ? in my dialect we call toyu for soya sos tooo but in standar malay is kicap
Yes they have Chinese loanwords but most of their words or loanwords actually come from Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic. Let's not lie please, making it seem like all Asians are one with or come from Chinese. The rest are original Austronesian words.
@@kikoyworld Kikoy , loan words from Sanskrit, Tamil , Hindi is one thing , but the loan from Chinese words are different ! Example : Pakcik, Longkang, orang dan banyak lagi …. Jangan cuba pusing lagi !
@@absolute_abundance Yes, again, they have Chinese loan words. However, from your comment it makes it seem like 100% of their words is from Chinese when this isn't true. Most of their words actually are from Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit that's why us Filipinos always tell them they sound Indianized. That's like saying most of Tagalog words are Chinese when this isn't true, most are from Spanish and English.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 That is true, however with long influence from Islam the dominant loanwords are from Arabic/Persian. While, second would be Sanskrit for the history of Indos was heavily influenced by Indians and arabic traders.
At first, I was like "hmmm, what will "kona" turn out to be", then when the word "tengaq" showed up, everything cleared up immediately.
And Kanan
In the Pinuyumayan (Puyuma) language, the word for center is tenuk, which might be related to *tengaq. The PAN word for the right hand side seems to be *ka-wanaN, like kawanan in the Pangcah (Amis) language, and kanavalj in Paiwan. I wonder if that also could be the origin of kona. In the Tsou language, right hand side evolved to become vhona.
In Lampung, we still use word "kahelaw" that mean suitable or match to the point or nice.
And for middle usually use word "tengah" .
If you follow the sound change rule for tengaq to Tagalog, the expected word for center is "tinga" (e to i sound change).
Maybe "gitna" is a corruption of "tinga".
However, "tinga" means food particle in between the teeth. I've just learned that "tinga" is related to the proto-austronesian for food particle in between the teeth "CingaS" and not "tengaq".
vut languyages evolved 3k years ago not because of rules, but because it jsut acme naturally, so don't base anything on reules med just now, when we are talking og what happned or what could ahve hap[pned 3-4k yersa go, when there wre no rules, things just happened instinctically, or by instinct, or by unrpedicable forces of nature, events, history, and so on...buyt definitely not by rules just recently amde in schools
anf proto autronesian language, that's just theoretical..everything by sepculation and some intelligent guesses....but it's not hundred percent accurate to base eerything on, everything is flexible
and ont you know that in asutronesian theory, tagalog language was first to happen before all the other malay and indonesian and pl;ynesians languages came to be? coz we have the out of taiwan theory here, from north to south, and the philippines at center....dang, dami niyong hindi naiintindihan
@@esperanzacorazon9686 Agree.
Proto-Austronesian language is nothing but speculation.
We dont know the true ancestral language.
Theres a possibility that Polynesian languages are closer to the original Austronesian language since they were isolated from the rest of the world for thousands of years.
It's metathesis
gítnâ is a BIG REVELATION TO ME!!! i learn so much from your research 😊
In Cebuano language, the term for middle or center is also 'tonga' with a glottal stop at the last vowel (which is 'a'). The Cebuano term for north (or northeast) wind is 'amihan' (stress at the second syllable -'mi) while south (or southwest) wind is 'habagat' (stress at the second syllable -'ba).
Like Malagasy tenatena, Malay also use tengah-tengah commonly. I don't know why because both duplicate or single of tengah means the same 🤣
It is not the case in Malagasy.
You see, "tena" alone means like 'oneself' in English. (ny tenako - myself / ny tenany - himself, herself...).
We don't really use the word "tenatena" without the location particle "an-". Thus "eo antenatena(n'ny)" means 'in the middle (of)'
O my gosh. I could understand it very well. Təngå means middle. But this word we also use after eating in Antique, in Panay island. The act when you go down from the house to sit and rest somewhere, under the tree after enjoying food. Some do it smoking cigarettes, eating candies or drink coffee to digest the food.
In some southern phil languages other than tunga, butnga, is also used.
Just to add, in NZ, the south side is exposed to the prevailing southwest wind, so the original meaning 'sheltered' has been lost.
In Sundanese there is "Tongoh" which means land above and "Lebak" which means land below, there is also the word "Tengak/Nengak" which means looking up.
amazed how we share "to-nga"
Instristing. I speak rote languange, Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia. Kona Means South and also mean right hand.
Center: Taladak
South: Kona
North: Ki (Also means Left Hand)
West: Muri
East: Dulu
How to say “center” in Malayo-Polynesian Languages:
Malay: tengah
Indonesian: tengah
Filipino: gitna
Cebuano: tungatunga
Iloko: tengnga
Kapampangan: libutad
Maori: waenganui
Samoan: ogatotonu
Hawaiian: waena
bonah is a side . tengah or tengkrah is center example like bonah tengah ayū a half west side. Konuk kona is government
oooh wait, i remembered soemthing...in tagalog west is kanluran, or where something kanlong's...or rests....or wehre the sun sets...wait, maybe kanlong is related to kona....and kanan is related to kanluran....and we also have realy good coffee from abtangas, southwest side of luzon island...yeah, maybe the out of taiwan theory is true...coz when you come from the north, the west side is at your right side...kjanan is kanluran...
how can we explain tagalog's metathesis gitna? is there any other word with such pattern?
when you said kona was austronesian, i guessed it was related to indonesian tengah! kona>tona/tonga>tena/tenga and i guessed final q
superb info! thanks...
your accent is Singaporean, am I right?
Hes Malaysian
in Bisaya tonga/tunga in english is center.
Tengnga is "middle" in my iloco langauage in ilocano people
🇲🇬 We have "tonga" which means 'to have arrived'.
Hawaiian and it's Philippine Languages: Happy
Hawaiian: hauʻoli
Filipino: saya
Cebuano: sadya
Boholano: sagja
Hiligaynon: lipay
Waray: husay
Bikol: ogma
Iloko: ragsak
Pangasinan: liket
Kapampangan: tula
🎄 Merry Christmas, Everybody! 🎄
In Kinaray-a (🇵🇭)
tunga- means in between
tinga- food in between of your teeth
Too many twisting meanings! 🤣
Yes, you have made me surprised. Once you give *tengaq, now everything is as clear as the blue sky 🤣👍
Thank you! 😊
Proto austronesian = tengaq
Indonesian/malay = tengah
SASAK = TENGAQ
Maori = tonga
Hawaiian = kona
Tongan = tonga
SASAK = LAUQ ( south)
I love your video.
mind blown!!
Tonga(South)=Tenggara(Southeast)
in tagalog, south is timog...oh no, i remember a word in tagalog close to tengaq meaning protected, enclosed, safe from movement...it's the word, tinggil, which is a woman's clitoris, oh no, but it does make sense, right?
we also have a word , tigil, which means, to stop, or in nakatigil, it means it's still, no movement...maybe it's also related...liker when the wind is not moving, the wind is nakatigil...
@@esperanzacorazon9686 Clitoris in Javanese(absorbed by Indonesian) is itil. Sound similar.
In waray language its butnga in english middle.
wow.
yes, it's really wow
Half tael/measurement in Tagalog is Tinga ᜎᜒᜅ 🤔
In malay, most similar to kona - kuno - mean ancient
north malay dialect kona mean turn and deviate
@@wanridohjiaa6097
That is a borrowed from english corner with malay slang korna to turn
@@isfiya8961 yup
@@isfiya8961 in tagalog and ilokano it's different, It means "it is said"
@@isfiya8961 another pure Malay word which is related to Hawaiian word "Kona" is actually "Kanan" which means right side.
Most probably in ancient time, the original Malay word was "Kana" without the letter "n" at the end of the word.
in kedahan part of malaysia kona is turn or pusing /belok in malay.
yeah, we have as imilar word in tagalog, kana...it's yeah, soemsthing like push but in a more bastract way of push...
oh, maybe kandungan is kanluran..kandungan is where soemthing is kept and nurtured and cared for, or the lap of someone is kandungan..nakakandong is to sit ont eh lap of someone....kanlungan is wehre someone or some people are sheltered, taken care of, nurtured, halped,k ept safe...
maybe kona is kanluran
@@esperanzacorazon9686 kona is north malay dialect we use when asked about directions like your house turning left or right.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 some word i know is anak same with malay mean child right? puyo the name of kind of fish but in malay is puyu .other is toyo mean soya sos right ? in my dialect we call toyu for soya sos tooo but in standar malay is kicap
Ah "tunga" is Ilonggo and Cebuano, "gitna" tagalog lol interesting . Tonga, Kona lol.
Ok all Austronesian are different and they mingle or mixed marriages. Also those Indonesian and Malay use more Chinese words.
Yes they have Chinese loanwords but most of their words or loanwords actually come from Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic. Let's not lie please, making it seem like all Asians are one with or come from Chinese. The rest are original Austronesian words.
@@kikoyworld Kikoy , loan words from Sanskrit, Tamil , Hindi is one thing , but the loan from Chinese words are different ! Example : Pakcik, Longkang, orang dan banyak lagi …. Jangan cuba pusing lagi !
@@absolute_abundance Yes, again, they have Chinese loan words. However, from your comment it makes it seem like 100% of their words is from Chinese when this isn't true. Most of their words actually are from Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit that's why us Filipinos always tell them they sound Indianized. That's like saying most of Tagalog words are Chinese when this isn't true, most are from Spanish and English.
@@kikoyworld indonesia also have many words from dutch.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 That is true, however with long influence from Islam the dominant loanwords are from Arabic/Persian. While, second would be Sanskrit for the history of Indos was heavily influenced by Indians and arabic traders.
Tagalog gitna is so far away
no, it's so close
@@esperanzacorazon9686 It's far away, where did gitna even came from?
@@solidpas761 from tinga scramble the words hahahaha
@@solidpas761 gitna is probably a corrupted version of tinga or maybe when the tagalogs were trying to standard the language it made a major shift
Cebuano very close than Tagalog
Video mu bagus tapi sangat bertele tele dan memasukan kalimat yang gak penting sehingga jadi kurang jelas apa yang kamu bicarakan dalam video ini
Iam sorry jika aku kasih jempol bawah untuk ini
wow