One word, two concepts: Vocab that may be more specific in your target language
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- Опубліковано 14 сер 2023
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This video’s prequel about grammatical differences: • Small grammatical deta...
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Translations:
4:34: (Hebrew) Bro what????
5:21: (Russian) We need to fix a bone in the foot
An example of a language not differentiating between new vs young is Albanian. Albanian doesn’t differentiate between young vs new, both concepts are ascribed with the same adjective ‘i ri’. It’s the same for old too, just one word.
I'm pretty sure Latvian also doesn't differentiate between young and new it's just "jauns/jauna".
Modern Greek too, it’s just “νεός”
Well the "hand/arm" situation in Polish is even more complicated. The words you showed are technically correct but you missed an important one: "dłoń". It's the name for a "hand" but to be speciffic it's only about the part with fingers. Now the word "ramię" actually is used to describe only the part of the arm that is connected with the rest of the body. That's why we also have a word "przedramię" which is speciffically the part between your elbow and wrist. The word "ręka" is a general word that kinda describes the whole thing but mostly is the synonym to "dłoń". You can hear people use both depending on context. For example "take my hand" would be "weź mnie za rękę" OR "chwyć moją dłoń". If you want to say "I have a phone in my hand" you can say "Mam w dłoni telefon" OR "Mam telefon w ręce". I wanted to point this out because someone learning Polish will definitely encounter this word. There's even a saying here "Widać jak na dłoni". Literally it is "You can see it like on the palm of your hand" but actually means "you can see something is clear as day".
4:48 “sign” in Russian is знак for “trafic sign”, “sign from gods” or “copyright sign”. Вывеска is “a sign on a store/pub/etc. building”.
Признак is more like “characteristic” or “feature”, for example “the signs of this disease are…”.
Fascinating! There are some subtleties and nuances which you "understand" when learning a new language, but not fully grasp in your mind or really feel in your gut. Then at some point, something clicks in your brain, and you just get it. For me quite the opposite happened. Before I knew English, I always thought that when people say "the sky is blue" they are exaggerating/simplifying to sound more poetic. I would always correct them and say "But... the sky isn't blue (כחול)! It's תכלת!". Now that I'm pretty much fluent in English, the sky is really blue to me! I really feel like the sky got darker! It's hard to explain but I just can't unthink of תכלת as being light כחול!
In Norwegian there are three words for "to know", «å kjenne», «å vite», «å kunne». The first means "to be familiar with", the second means "to know a fact", but the third can refer to rules, languages, or other things. It's basic meaning (kind of like in Hungarian "tud", as you mentioned) is "can", but it's used differently for that. For example, «kan du reglene» means "do you know the rules?", but it literally means "can you the rules?". Also «Jeg kan norsk» is "I speak/understand Norwegian", but literally "I can Norwegian". I understand the meaning of it but it still breaks my brain as a learner occasionally.
Similar in Swedish with känna/veta/kunna
Dutch has a very similar system, and french does too (tho I'm not fluent or anything). German likely has something similar too
Weten / savoir = to know facts
Kennen / connaître = to know people
Dutch also has the verb "kunnen" which I would translate as "to be able to", which you use in contexts like "Ik kan Nederlands (spreken)" = "I can Dutch (speak)", where "spreken" is sort of optional? Idk to me it sounds weird without so I think it's slightly different from norwegian in that regard..
sounds like the third means know as in understand?
In Icelandic 'kannt þú norsku' means 'do you know Norwegian'.
There's also another word in Polish that means "to lose" which is "zgubić (się)". It's used in context of e.g. "I lost my wallet" -> "Zgubiłem portfel" but also when you want to say "I am lost" -> "Zgubiłem się". "Tracić" has a lot more serious and "depressing" connotation. You can say "I lost everything" (everything dear to me) -> "Straciłem wszystko" or "I lost my family" (meaning: they died) -> "Straciłem rodzinę".
I'd also like to add that for Swedish, while "förlora" can be used for both, to lose an item can also be referred to as "tappa bort". Not sure how that would count.
yep, zgubić vs stracić is a distinction whether you can still find this thing or not
Hello! In my opinion, you are one of the greatest language UA-camrs. So please more videos, if possible.
Country: Maa
Soil: Maa
Earth: Maa
Land: Maa
Area: Maa
Dirt: Maa
Terrain: Maa
Suit: Maa
Ground: Maa
Countryside: Maa
Here in Finland we hate naming things
In portuguese we do almost the same thing with "terra", except for suit
ground and countryside can also be called "terra" but that's not super common, but everything else can
4:00 actually, hungarian does make the town/city distinction. while it is more like a village/city distinction, its still there. we use the term 'falu' for villages and sometimes towns and 'város' for cities and towns.
In Vietnamese, we further differentiate many kinds of "young": "trẻ" for humans, "con" for animals other than humans, and "non" for plants/trees or sometimes birds.
As a swede I think it’s also very interesting how swedish splits the english word think into three words, “tror” is when you believe something. For example: “I think we’re soon there”, I believe we’re soon there. Then we also say “tycker” which is for when you’ve got an opinion. For example: “I think you are cool”, your opinion is that they are cool. Then we also have “tänker” which is for more literal thinking. Like thinking about something. For example: I’m thinking about this math problem” or “I’m thinking about how to solve this”.
I think it’s very interesting how english just makes those three into one word. Also, I don’t know if you use this concept in any other language, so if anyone know any other language that does the same or nearly the same thing drop a comment and tell me.😁👍🌎🌍🌏
because tro can more precisely be defined as "having faith", one of my favourite things you hear in swedish classrooms is when someone thinks theyve got an answer to for example a maths question and says "jag tror det blir 5" (i think (have faith) its 5), and if incorrect someone will jokingly (in good faith) say "tror gör man i kyrkan" (faith is what you have in the church)
As a European Portuguese speaker, on the talk/speak and say/tell distinction, we have "falar" that maps onto talk/speak and "dizer" for say, but I would argue we separate the tell with "contar" as in, "contar uma estória" = "to tell a story" or "conta-me o que aconteceu" = "tell me what happened" or even in the word "conto de fadas" a "fairytale". But "contar" can also mean to count, by the way. Very interesting video!
Well, while in Polish there are indeed two words: "niebieski" and "błękitny", the distinction between them is not as strong as it is in Russian between parallel words "синий" and "голубой". In Polish language the word "błękitny" is generally considered as a subtype of the "niebieski" color, thus in Polish a thing described by the word "błękitny" can be as well described by the word "niebieski". I think it is a similiar case to the mentioned "нога" and "стопа" distinction in Russian.
I thinking blekitny words has something to do with the adj (ru) blekliy which just means dim in Russian, so kinda logical for me. And yeah ppl barely use небесный(which for me its literally =голубой)
Yeah, I would actually call the presented colors "granatowy" and "błękitny"/"jasnoniebieski"
Reunion Creole lacks a word meaning “leave” (by contrast with “go”), thus making use of idiomatic expressions instead, like “bat kare” or “kok somin” which roughly translate to “hit the road” in English (the latter literally means “fuck way” lol)
3:08 funfact: As he said in the text just as "rose" means "the colour of the rose flower" pink means "the colour of the pink flower". a pink was the common name of a type of flower called Dianthus (which was pink). so yeah, pink was an after thought in English too.
There's a play/play/play distinction out there as well, among playing a game, playing an instrument, and playing a video. I know in Konkani they're all different.
Regarding new vs young: I could be wrong, but I believe that you could use “novo” in Portuguese to refer to someone as young as well.
That's true (at least in Portugal)
I’ve observed Brazilians using “novo” with this meaning as well!
Yup, same in galician; we actually rarely use the alternative "xoven".
Polish also has "zgubić" for losing someting like your wallet (which is what my mind went to. The connotation is losing something by accident or forgeting where you left it, the reflexive "zgubić się" meant "to get lost"), whereas stracić applies more to like a dead loved one, or generally something that has been lost, but can't be "found". semantics is hard to pin down haha
as a pasta man, we differenciate between the sign on the road and the omen: omen is segno but the other is cartello. for “win” as “earning money” you can also use the normal “win” (vincere) and for “live in country” you can also use the normal “live a life” verb (vivere). keep up the precious work!
Italian can also use grande/piccolo (big/small) for age, but they're not completely interchangeable with vecchio/giovane. From youngest to oldest, it's piccolo-giovane-grande-vecchio. You can say "da bambino" for "as a child", but "da piccolo" is more common. We also have "da grande" for "when __ get(s) older". Grande/piccolo sound more childish, but grande sounds more childish
The distinction between blu and azzurro isn't just light/dark, azzurro also extends a bit further green than blu, so you can have a blu chiaro that isn't azzurro
Also, you can use both vivere and abitare for French habiter, but only vivere for vivre
There's also "smarrire" to specify "lose (an object)", but using "perdere" for both is more common
russian used to distinguish between a smaller village without a church (деревня) and a village with a church (село), but now both just mean village.
Isn't it the other way around though?
Also there is another word between Village and town/city, which is посёлок=settlement. But that is still not town. Town/city are merged under "город".
@@segment1993 yes it is, sorry my bad. fixed it.
You’ve mentioned that both hand and arm in Russian are «рука», but just like in the case with foot, there exists a word for hand - «кисть», that is used only when you are specifically talking about a hand
Doesn’t that mean wrist?
here in brazil we very often use "novo" to mean "young", i don't know how dialectal it is but i think it's countrywide
on the speak/talk, say/tell front, portuguese has conversar (talk), falar (speak/talk), dizer (say) and contar (tell)
A slight correction on the Dutch word for City and Town, towns do have different words. they're "Dorp", we even have names for clusters of towns that work toegther as a bigger town called a "Gemeente".
"dorp" is more akin to "village", which is different than a town in english.
Defining a gemeente as a cluster of towns is entirely wrong. Everything is part of a gemeente, whether or not it is a town, with or without other towns nearby, a field in rural middle of nowhere, or central Amsterdam.
@@sorrowful.sparrow I guess that is true, tho I would say town and village are both in the term "Dorp".
@@LotsOfS Wouldn't it be that everything is part of a town or city and then the gemeente is a union of it? a place cannot be part of no town as far as I know (tho honestly I know very little about it lol)
@@gigonio There is no legally defined definition for town or city anymore I don't think. Its just gemeentes and any subdivision below that is chaos
In Portuguese we have two word for old, but in some contexts, eg. To refer old people in a polite way, uma pessoa idosa = a old person (polite) um a pessoa velha (normal or sometimes rude) , um idoso = a old man (polite) um velho = a old man (normal, sometimes rude), um idosa = a old woman (polite ), uma a velha = a old woman (normal or sometimes rude), but in others cases we just use velho.
Galician uses "novo" for both "new" and "young". The word "xove" exists for "young" but nobody ever uses it.
Also, fingers/toes are the same word but fingers is mascuilne "dedos" and toes is feminine "dedas". By analogy I've heard some old folks refer to the nails of their hands as "uños" (the masculine form of the regular word for nails "uñas")
On the thumbnail, the languages are marked with flags, but for some reason the US flag is used for English, making it stand out since it's not a European flag when all languages listed are European. I just like patterns.
It would be like doing a list of Romance languages and mark them as: 🇫🇷 🇦🇩 🇲🇽 🇧🇷 🇮🇹 🇻🇦 🇷🇴 ... it just looks wrong, even though it's technically correct.
1:56 in 🇱🇻 Latvian there is only one word for new and young and that's "jauns". I can have a "jauna mašīna" (new car) and I can be a "jauns puisis" (young boy).
I love your videos, they are so dense with information and I really appreciate whenever you upload! Selfish ask bc I'm learning German, but, any chance you might be looking to study German in the near future? An overview of it from you would be awesome as it's a pretty common language. Regardless keep up the great work!
German is like, second or third on my learning list for the future, so yes, very near
@@watchyourlanguage3870 Awesome, looking forward to it!
3:25 In Hebrew there are separate words for light blue (תכלת) and dark blue (כחול)
7:55 In Hebrew there is another word for "say, tell" - "לאמר" and there is a difference between "לאמר" and "להגיד", you can say: "אמרתי לו" ( I told him) but you can't say (unless you want to sound archaic): "הגדתי לו" you can only use it in the future and imperative (אגיד/נגיד/תגיד/תגידי/תגידו/יגיד/תגיד/יגידו) or in the to-infinitive (להגיד). נגיד and נאמר are also used the same as "let's say" is used in English (נגיד שאתה הולך "let's say you walk")
Hey man, I just wanted to say I really appreciate your videos, they really help teach me a lot of things I had no idea even existed in Linguistics, and I’m looking forward to whenever your next video comes out!
Great video! Another example is to do something or to make it, Spanish just has one word "hacer" for both. Also, everything having to do with prepositions, specifically for the purpose of and because of, "para" and "por" in Spanish.
In italian we do actually distinguish between big and small settlements, the latter of which are called paesi (paese in singular form); same term can, funnily enough, also be used for countries.
Reminds me of how "state" can mean country in English
Yes, but there are only paesi and città. But a paese is a village, while a città could be either a town or a city. So there are three sizes in English where other languages usually have two.
(In case I'm wrong about my Italian, I'm always up for corrections)
@@andyarken7906Italian has "villaggio" as well, meaning "village", so I think that was just a mistake
@@Sciaining as far as I know, a paese and a villaggio don't differ in size, do they? Either way it's the size of a village.
@@andyarken7906nope: villaggio is usually smaller. But it is used more for old small towns
Short can be translated in a lot of ways in Greek
1) short person=>κοντός (kodós)
2) short (distance or time)=>σύντομος (sídomos, literally "short cut") or μικρός (mikrós, literally "small")
3) short on money=>φτωχός (ftohós)
4) Short (as in brief, or a short vowel)=>βραχύς (vrahís)
7:47
talk - rozmawiać
speak - mówić
say - rzec
tell - powiedzieć
Lithuanian doesn't differentiate between “who” and “what”, it's “kas” for both
you got the best linguistics videos on the internet
thanks
Сказать is also just the perfective aspect of говорить, same as in Polish mówić/powiedzieć.
Говорить has 2 perfective aspects in Russian.
говорить / поговорить - to speak
говорить / сказать - to say / tell
6:23 funny that in German, time is "Zeit" and we use the same construct "Zeitpunkt" to refer to a "point in time".
0:19 Lexical gaps?
1:00 English has _narrow_ and _brief_ do those count?
6:06 Do _instance_ and _interval/duration_ count?
*less/fewer* *much/many*
Also I think maybe for referring to a man’s body nickname for Richard vs male chicken
Well, in Polish the word "różowy" is an adjective, and the noun for pink would have been "róż". It's just that we use the adjective forms of colors more frequently.
Dutch does make a city/town distinction. They’re stad and dorp respectively.
Loved that video, so original 😊
At least in brazilian portuguese, we make a distinction between the two "olds", "velho" is used to talk about living things, or to offend non-living things, while "antigo" is used to talk about non-living things. And it furthers its meanings.
"Oh this old car isn't working" - "Ah, esse carro velho* não funciona." while "This old car is so pretty!" would be "Esse carro antigo* é tão bonito!"
"Tua casa velha* é minha antiga* casa." is a valid sentence and it means "Your old (decaying) house is my old (former) house."
We don't distinct "new" (novo) from "new" (jovem) unless both of them are in the same phrase: "this man is young" and "this man is new" when isolated, both are "esse homem é novo." but if you say "This young man is new here." it would be "Esse (homem) jovem* é novo* aqui."
And we actually DO have a distinction between the 2 "wins". "Ganhar" means "To earn" and "To win" while "Vencer" is used exclusively when we win a battle or a match.
'signe' can be physical but it doesn't refer to a flat thing above a pole you'd put writing or pictograms on and in the context of your anecdote, we would have used 'écriteau' or 'panneau' for the physical sign.
Yeah I would never use signe like that. Pancarte would also work
In Greek, νέος ['neos] can be used for both "young" and "new", but for the latter there is also the more common καινούργιος [ce'nurʝos].
But ironically, the same word cannot be used for the two senses of "old". Παλιός [paˈʎos] can generally only refer to old things. For people, μεγάλος [meˈɣalos], literally "big", is used instead.
3:24 In polish we have also third word for blue - granatowy. On the brightness scale: granatowy(darkest), niebieski, błękitny(brightest)
@3:58
What about Russian село and деревня?
And what about the Dutch ‘dorp’?
And @7:50
If in Polish mówić and powiedzieć don't count as having different meanings but only differing in aspect, then is this not the case for the Russian говорить and сказать? These two pairs of verbs basically demonstrate the same phenomenon of a imperfective/perfective verb pair in Slavic languages with slightly different translations into (at least) English.
"Село" and "деревня" are actually the words for village. They're kinda similar imo, though I feel like "деревня" is a bit more colloquial or associated with like the old-style villages of the past. I've seen it translated it as "hamlet". And then there's the more legal term "посёлок городского типа" which literally means "an urban-type settlement" and sometimes gets poked fun at as being used to distinguish something from a "село" while still not being a "город". "Село" can also be used as a mass noun similarly to "колхоз" or "совок" to mean things that are kind of stuck in their ways or perhaps unsophisticated or tasteless and can also be used to refer to people, kind of like "yokel" or the adjective "rustic".
The town and city distinction might be more recent. Old English books from the 20s only use the word town...maybe that was a prescriptive thing.
3:11 correction Telugu Gulabi is also based off of rose
Gulab means rose
Suffix -i to mean rosy
both gulab and gulabi are loans from Persian afaik
5:32 Actually Hungarian does have a word for foot if you really want to be specific about saying that it is your foot, not your leg, that is “lábfej”, which literally means “head of the leg”. This is more of a medical term, where being specific about body parts is pretty important, but in normal spoken Hungarian, this distinction doesn’t really apply and we say both leg and feet as “láb”.
5:12 for foot Hebrew has כף רגל just like it has כף יד for hand
@@user-elqana כף is almost never used
@@user-elqana it isn’t really used for paws though? Spoon is a completely different word
@@user-elqana that’s an etymological reason and is pretty irrelevant to modern Hebrew. Literally when have you heard it being used as paws?
@@user-elqana exactly, you’re right in the sense that כף is palm
6:24 Icelandic also has 'tíð' for e=mc² and 'sinn' for instance.
From my experience, Russian actually uses umeet' for knowing facts or skills while znat' is used mainly for people or locations.
5:05 lmfao we also have only one word for arm/hand and foot/leg in Greek, I was pretty surprised to see that Russian does too
Russian uses at least 3 words for "village": "derevnya", "posyolok" and "selo" usually in the increasing size (the last two are cognate with "settlement"). Almost all Slavic languages use something like "mesto" for cities. However "grad" is also used for the fortified, or historically fortified, part of the city (e.g. Prazhski Hrad, think City of London).
I’m gonna take notes for my Conlangs
For the longest of time, I was confused by the fact my dialect has a word that could mean "either" foot or leg, but also - along with High German - a word for foot, and a word for leg. I thought I must be confused because I didn't know if that single word meant one or the other. Until I realised it's absolutely ok for the word to mean both.
The words being "Fuess/Fuss" for foot (Swiss German/High German), "Bei/Bein" for leg, and "Scheiche" for the combination. Note that the closest to Scheiche in High German would be "Schinken" - ham. Of course it makes even more sense not to distinguish between the parts of a ham.
The funny thing about the danish distinctions between like and love is that "like" (kan lide, shortened to kan li') literally translates to "can suffer". I could suffer you -> I like you.
As far as I know, Spanish "encantar" also means "love" in a "holy shit I love this food" type way, as well as cases reversed; I think "me gustó la película" is different from "me encantó la película": I liked the movie vs. I loved the movie
Also, I'm kind of surprised you didn't say anything about the do/make distinction, which is collapsed in Romance languages.
5:15 in hebrew we actually do differentiate between leg and foot - leg = regel, foot = Kaf-regel :) love ur videos!
Dutch does use two words for city/village, namely ‘stad’ for city and ‘dorp’ for village
For the like/love distinction, French has adorer, which is usually used to describe a more extreme appreciation for non-human objects. Using aimer with a non-human object is less extreme.
5:02, 5:21 actually we have words that differentiate these parts of body and we do use them sometimes. like you said "стопа" is a lower part of a leg, but it’s not only used by doctors. i wanted to correct what you said about "arm/hand", but it’s all really translates in russian as "рука". the english system for this is very hard for me so i might be wrong there: arm+hand=рука, is it? but i can say for sure that "palm" is "ладонь" or "кисть руки". but we don’t have words to split "рука" into upper and lower parts, therefore, you were right.
soooo it’s true that most of the time we’ll be calling all these parts just "нога" and "рука", but when we need to there’s a high chance that we’ll be more specific.
tu for the video, it was interesting to see how we can see the world in a slightly different way depending on the language!
4:06 that is not true for Polish that we have one word for town/city. "City" in polish is indeed "Miasto", but a "Town" is "Miejscowość". There is also "Wioska" or "Wieś" for Village, "Osada" for a Settlement, and "Aglomeracja" for an Aglomeration of towns and cities
I portuguese the say/tell speak/talk i guess can be divided in
Dizer = say something like a fact
Contar = tell, like tell a story or report (also has the very common expression "nem te conto" (i "don't even" tell you) that comes right before a hot gossip
Falar = speak, which can also be used for languages spoken.
Conversar = talk as in people discussing, (conversation)but that's a bit differnt i guess?
It also has velho which can mean old for anything, but idoso
can be used for people and animals. Realized someone already explained more detailed but here you go lol
Kazakh has a word for long, a word for tall objects, a word for tall people
Also I know someone is literally translated as I recognise someone
In Finnish, when you know someone, you say you feel them.
If you just say you know them, it means you are aware that they exist but haven't gotten to know them that well
4:06 I would like to add that dutch does have a word for a smaller city? In school (where I was taught English) they said that in English it's like a hierarchy of village - town - city which in dutch would be "dorp" for village and "stad" for the other two
Great video as always. Oh the woes of semantics, false friends etc. I wanted to point out the third 'know' verb 'know how to', 'kunna' in my native language. I always find that tricky to navigate. Admittedly saber, sapere, kende, känna (if I'm not mistaken) but maybe other languages make the distinction?
It's funny that it isnt often mentioned red/pink are not different colors in many languages but english and other indo european languages differentiate them.
In French we have two words for river : fleuve and rivière. Fleuve are rivers (usually large) that flow into the sea or big rivers that are of very important historical significance (like the Blue Nile, the Tigris and Euphrates or the Missouri) and rivière is rivers that don't flow into the sea.
Another example is how Standard French doesn't distinguish between to trip and to stumble "trébucher" but Swiss French uses "trébucher" mainly for 'to stumble' and "s'encoubler" for 'to trip'
The river thing is a good one, I considered putting rivers into the video (on the similar principle that Swedish has a three-way distinction between bäck, å, and älv (in increasing order of size)), but I sacrificed it to save time
please do a language overview for one of these indian languages!!
I love the IPA transcriptions!
A kinda complicated case with Tamil and i possibly think telugu would be that we don't differentiate between arm and hand but thats becuase the word "hand" doesn't have it's own name, the upper part of the hand is புறங்கை literally "outside hand" and palm is உள்ளங்கை "inside hand". Arm has a word and hand is split in two.
Three things about the Arabic parts there is a word for town in Arabic is it بلدة (Balda) and the word for lose in Arabic for an object is أضاع it’s not the same word that is used when you talk about losing a sports match and the words that you used for leg and feet are not used in a majority of dialect
4:06 but French does have a distinction, it's ville/village
As a native Portuguese speaker here, I think of the difference between "longo" and "alto" not in terms of things/people but in terms of horizontal vs vertical. Like, a snake is long but a giraffe is tall. I'd assume it's the same for other Romance languages, but I'm not sure.
At 4:06, as far as I'm aware as a native Dutch speaker, we do have a translation for the word town/village, we call it "dorp". (Not to be confused with our favourite candy drop)
If Dutch has only two basic words (dorp-stad) where English has three (village-town-city) then obviously Dutch lacks one distinction. The question is which one does it lack: does it lack a village-town distinction, or a town-city distinction? They dividing lines might not align exactly between languages (that's kind of the point of the video!) but which is it closest to?
I speak no Dutch, but Google seems to reckon "dorp" is much more of a village (distinct from a town) rather than a town (distinct from a city). And in English (at least in England) village-town is a much more fundamental dividing line than town-city. You could say a city is a kind of subset of the town category (cities are very big/important towns), but it would sound really strange to say a town is a subset of the village category (or that a village is a subset of the town category).
It's possible that you get different results if you compare to different varieties of English, you may well get different conceptions of the scope of village-town-city definitions. I think Americans for instance might call a place with 300 people a "town" whereas in England that would be a tiny village, maybe even a hamlet. A "very small town" is something like 15,000-20,000 people to us, a "large town" probably means more than 60,000 or 70,000 people. The spread of population and settlement sizes is obviously different with the colonisation of the USA, so they've adapted the words to put the dividing line in a more useful place for their circumstances.
@@zak3744 I'll read this a bit more in depth later! But a short answer that I can give now is that (colloquially) we do have a name for something smaller than a village. Which is "gehucht". Odd, I guess, but in my mind town and village are different but I wouldn't be able to think of two distinct words.
bro PLEASE do a limbă Română overview 😭 im begging you, I need to get better so I can speak to my boyfriend’s parents when I visit his country to meet them. I would be endlessly grateful
@Watch your language at 1:56 the Italian IPA transcription is all wrong for giovane, it should be /ˈd͡ʒoväne/
And again at 9:20 the ipa for piacere is in amare and amre should be /äˈmäɾe/
Yaaaaa, basically I forgot to change the IPA there after copy-pasting the chart
At 8:29 I am pretty sure you meant to write in Arabic for "to live" (eg: dangerously): يَحْيَى، and another verb can be used يَعِيش.
And as for 9:20 even dialects differentiate between أَعْجَب "to like" (but what is "liked" in the case of English, is the "liker" (doer) in Arabic), and يُحِبّ to love (and even here there are different verbs for levels and manifestations of love, eg: عَشِق،...).
Actually there are word "ладонь" for hand in Russian, but it's used almost as rarely as "стопа".
That’s actually the word for “palm”
Yes, but it also can be used for "hand".
@@siwstudio7705 There is actually a word as "medical" and rarely-used as стопа which is кисть.
Ладонь is used more often comparing to those two.
7:55 It is also 'kveða', which means the same as 'segja'.
Wait, 7:48 what about "rozmawiać"?
e.g:
"I was talking to him" is "rozmawiałem z nim" but "I was telling him" is "mówiłem mu"
and in perfective "I talked to him" is "porozmawiałem z nim" but "I told him" is "powiedziałem mu"
I would say Polish makes the distinction but as rozmawiać/mówić, which you didn't mention
I'm pretty sure Italian differentiates between town/city with paese/città
Paese may also refer to a country, but that's not important now
Though cité is not used that much in French like ciudad is used in Spanish, there is still the distinction of ville vs village
In Spanish theres the distinction in things (and even more generally) between old and bad and old and either not bad or polite. Viejo is the first and antiguo is the second.
Aaaand in Spanish there's no speak and say distinction (hablar) but there's a say (decir) and tell (contar) at least in Mexico.
I'm curious what your process of study is for this this many languages. Do you take classes for some, or is it mostly self-directed? What kind of resources do you use?
I've only ever taken classes in Spanish, French, Arabic, and Russian, the rest of them are completely self-directed. I just use random online sources, compile my own vocab list, and practice translating songs I know into them, among other things. I also only do one language at a time, which most of my friends who do this don't seem to do. Nonetheless, I will explain my process in a milestone video, not sure which one yet. Probably 50K subscribers or something like that.
Brazilians in Portuguese can say "falar" meaning both 'to say' and 'to speak'
English doesn't have a "unique" word for English in any special sense when compared to words like "rosa" in other languages, since a pink is still a flower, a Dianthus.
They can be called Garden Pinks, Alpine Pinks, etc.
I don't mean to seem nitpicky, just thought someone might find that interesting, and maybe learn about a pretty neat plant with very interesting flowers. great video!
In Hebrew you'd usually call a foot כף רגל (kaf regel), actually
In Portuguese 'novo' can either be new or young
I wonder why some Germanic languages do not have a single word for love/like, when used as a verb, like Dutch 'leuk vinden', Danish 'kunne lide' and Icelandic 'líka við'.
5:05 It is also 'armur' in Icelandic.
8:16 actually "לחיות" is used both for "living in a place" and "living a life" (לגור does only have the first meaning). i'm not sure if this is a recent development of modern Israeli Hebrew or it has always been like this.
Wouldn't "aimer bien" mean "to like" in french?
Also, there's another verb for liking in Dutch, "mogen", which is used exclusively for people.
Arabic does have distinct words for city, town and village.
City is مدينة
Town is بلدة
Village is قرية
hebrew also has tchelet, which is light blue
There's also ser and estar