Nazi mass murderer Oswald Schäfer. Part One. Einsatzkommando 9 commander.
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- Опубліковано 20 гру 2023
- Oswald Theodor August Wilhelm Schäfer was born on 14 June 1908 in Braunschweig. The family must have been well off as Schäfer was able to go to university to study law in Berlin. On 1 April 1933, he joined the NSDAP (membership number 1,772,081) and SA . He remained a member of the SA until he joined the SS on 1 January 1936 (SS number 272,488).
After completing his studies, he worked for the Gestapo in Berlin from 1935 to August 1937 as Werner Best 's advisor in the SS Security Police Main Office which was to become the RSHA - the Reich Security Main Office - thus kickstarting his career in Nazi crime. Werner Best had played an important role in the establishment of the Gestapo and the founding of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). He was the deputy to Reinhard Heydrich in the SD from 1934 - 1940. It was probably Best who came up with the idea of the Einsatzgruppen, long before Hitler decided to invade Poland.
Best must have been quite happy with Oswald Schäfer as on 1 September 1937, aged only 29, he was appointed head of the Wesermünde - Bremerhaven Gestapo.
In Nazi Germany there were many competing agencies and no-one really knew where the competence of one started and another ended. This was no more so than with the police. As far as the Gestapo was concerned all offenses and crimes within the meaning of Nazi criminal law were part of its remit. However that could also be the remit of the police as well. Of particular interest to the Gestapo was political crime. This would include all persons who were accused of making statements of high treason, incitement or defeatism once the war started against the Nazi regime. It also included violations of Nazi work regulations such as unauthorized changes of job, work stoppages or so-called unwillingness to work. As there was not enough of them to go around, Gestapo officers primarily relied on denunciations. To put this into context, East Germany had a fraction of the population but its Stasi was many times larger than the Gestapo which had preceded it. I have a theory that a crime, or alleged crime, was the responsibility of the department the denunciation was made to. Therefore if the police got a tip off, they dealt with it, if the tip off went to the Gestapo, they did it. As tip offs of a political nature were more likely to be made to the Gestapo, then this became their concern.
After the start of the Second World War, violations of the regulations of the war economy, such as illegal trade in food outside of the rationing system or illegal slaughter , were its concern. It also wanted to know who was new in the area and what they were up to, this was especially important given the huge numbers of foreign workers . As the Gestapo gained more and more rights to decide on police tasks alone and independently, there was increasing friction in the previous administrative practice. The heads of the Wesermünde Stapo complained to the department heads that the authorities continued to decide certain cases on their own and did not inform the Gestapo. The Gestapo was therefore not only dependent on informers in its activities, but also on the help of the administrative authorities.
Schäfer was there until the spring of 1938. One of his successors heading this Gestapo office was Werner Braune who later headed Sonderkommando 11b, part of Einsatzgruppe D. He was executed in 1951.
In May 1940, Schäfer he took over the Gestapo office in Reichenberg in the Sudetenland, today Liberec in Czechia . According to the Munich Agreement, this part of Czechoslovakia had been annexed to Germany in October 1938.
In June 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, and thus began a particularly new and violent stage of the war. Mobile killing groups called Einsatzkommandos which were grouped into four Einsatzgruppe had been training on the Dueben Heath near Leipzig since the late Spring of 1941. They were released onto the population of the Soviet Union, which in most cases had only just been occupied by that country following the Molotov - Rippentrop pact. The heads of the Einsatzkommandos were, to a large extent, young, highly educated men like Oskar Schaefer. These men were chosen by Reinhard Heydrich. I am unable to say how Schäfer ended up in the Einsatzgruppe, heading an Einsatzkommando. Presumably he must have impressed Heydrich so much with his time at the Gestapo in occupied Czechoslovakia. I am also unable to say if Schäfer went to train with the other future mass killers at Pretzsch in the spring of 1941.
In October 1941, the 31 year old Schäfer, now with the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer , replaced SS-Obersturmbannführer Albert Filbert as the leader of Einsatzkommando 9 (EK 9) of Einsatzgruppe B. Einsatzgruppe B was headed by Arthur Nebe, a former police criminal inspector and Gestapo official. Filbert may have been recalled due to accusations of embezzlement which led to a two year suspension from the RSHA.
Knowing how confrontational Hitlers ideas were you probably had all 3 departments working on the same case against each other.
Another great video! Thank you so much for your outstanding work bring us those almost unknown aspects of history.
Thank you, always interesting and informative. Looking forward to episode two.
Great content, friend. What an administrative mess they built in their organizations. You described it quite well.
Thank you! I think this is what happens when rank amateurs get control!
Great work. It's always intriguing to know about these third tier Nazis, who often slipped under the net post WW2 - often to become wealthy on the goods stolen from victims, or knowledge passed on to the Allies.
yep just like every USA politician,and ex president's, but not Trump, he has his own money, and not afraid to use it...
I was curious about the sister's murder thank you for including her story. Looking forward to part 2
Part two will be tonight, however as a spoiler alert, I don't know any more about Lisette Schaeffer, there is however a bit of speculation at the very end of part three!
@@HistoryonUA-cam I just wanted to know if her murder was related to her past. Oh! Looking forward to part 3 as well.
Fabulous Tino. Christmas Greetings from New Zealand. Excellent detailing of this this man's days. Thank you.
Happy holidays! Thanks for watching and your warm words!
In the photo at 6.40 - second from the right is Hans Frank.
After the German invasion of Poland in 1939, Frank was appointed Governor-General of the occupied Polish territories. During his tenure, he instituted a reign of terror against the civilian population and became directly involved in the mass murder of Jews] He engaged in the use of forced labour and oversaw four of the extermination camps. Frank remained head of the General Government until its collapse in early 1945. During that time, over 4 million people were murdered under his jurisdiction.
After the war, Frank was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg trials. He was sentenced to death and executed by hanging in October 1946.
Arthur Nebe (16.30) head of Einsatzgruppe B, became a key conspirator in the 20th July plot to assassinate Hitler. He was executed for his involvement in March 1945
Great production skills. I’ve been watching for awhile, today I subscribed. Good work!
Thanks for the sub Charles!
It was an informative and great historical coverage video about Oswald Schaefer commanders of Einsatzkomman camp .nazi mass murderers ... thank you for an amazing ( history on UA-cam) channel and respectful 🙏 Sir Alan
That was an interesting introduction in focusing on the extremely frugal and intolerant sister of Oswald Schäfer. I'm sure that her acquired riches will play in to the end of this saga. However, as you mentioned, the Schäfer family did have some wealth?
The ebb and flow of occupiers must have terrifying indeed.
I'm old enough to remember refugees from Eastern Europe in this country.
In my observation, compulsory cooperation with occupying Germans and then Soviet Partisans, on and off led to murder and arrest of locals. Some completely innocent.
They lived in constant fear and witnessed absolute terror.
Upon arrival to this country they presented with incurable, life long trauma. 🙏🇦🇺
I was surprised to see Alfred Filberts picture pop up. I have had Alex J.Kay's biography on Filbert for a year. I've read it four times so far. People with souls of spiders.
I will be mentioning him a few more times, he is a really odd case. I might do a biography on his brother who ended up in a concentration camp.
@@HistoryonUA-cam Yes, his post war, post confinement, attempt at a new "career" was truly bizarre. I won't add any spoilers to your future videos.
If this woman lived in squalor, it only can mean one thing: her millions were being controlled by another. Trust funds are set up so that the beneficiary can't lay their hands on their own inheritance money.
There is another explanation, and more likely in this case, she did not want to spend it.
Business as usual 🤔
The introductory music is terrible.
It's not as terrible as it is hard to understand.
She had money all over the place, damn, don’t keep that in the bank
@11:15 when Goering and Goebbels are talking and laughing and shaking each other’s hands that’s like the only first time I’ve ever seen those two(2) High Nazi officials conversing with each other without Hitler involved in the conversation
290,308
Are you sure it was not 290,307?
@@HistoryonUA-cam
You may be right
It interesting to see people saying fantastic work on this post, and not one person said how terrible this was on innocent people no empathy for Jews I see...sad...can you imagine being in the shoes of a Jewish person...at this horrible time??
Does this mean that you are saying that the post is no good?
Free Assange !
Why free a traitor?
Stauffenberg was he not a traitor?@@HistoryonUA-cam
HOW ABOUT A PODCAST ON ISRAELI WAR CRIMINALS, STARTING WITH NETANYAHU
What has that got to do with this video? Absolutely nothing. You did not even watch the video. All you did was to go around making the same comment on various history sites. Perhaps you ought to try questioning your racism and anti Semitism - that would be a better subject for a podcast.
Netanyahu is a monster and a war criminal who belongs in jail- that's for sure still that doesn't negate the fact that Germans were the most evil people that ever existed. And by the way I am not even Jewish, I am Latina.
👎👎👎