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Baud Rate, Bit Rate, Bandwidth and Latency
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- Опубліковано 6 сер 2024
- Looking at 4 measures of transmission speed: baud rate, bit rate, bandwidth (in terms of bps and Hz) and latency. In particular, the relationship between baud and bit rate, and bit rate and bandwidth are discussed.
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I'm an extreme novice in this type of information only hearing the terms in watching people working on networks, and this video explained the content to a degree that I could understand perfectly. Thank you for creating this video.
Bandwidth is more a measure of simultaneous channels of communication than a measure of speed. It's analogous to lanes of a highway, i.e., more lanes help everyone get home faster during rush hour since nobody is waiting in line, but when you're the only one on the road, it doesn't matter if the highway has two or six lanes.
This video is amazing ! Thank to this video I understand now the difference between baud and bit rate. Thank you very much
Best video I could find, thank you for the animations.
This was great! Thank you so much.
Another sub. Well earned, great video!
u deserve so many subs ur so helpful man
Thank you for your good illustration.
With my best wishes
honestly great video!
honestly the best comp sci tutorial video ive ever seen. Good shit my guy.
thanks man. you made it look simple. love from INDIA
greaaaaat work man u helped me a lot
I know everything now. Thank you
Nice video!
Thank you!
appreciate lots!
Thanks a lot !🔥
awesome!!! best explanation
This is awesome
thank you
Thanks very much for your video. However, I wish you can really break down in slow time the difference between bit rate and baud (symbol) rate where the baud and bit rates are different. I am really struggling hard to understand the difference and I have search everywhere online :(
Think about it this way:
If you got two voltage-levels to choose from, one will be higher than the other, and so you got a high, and a low, which can be thought of as a 1 or a 0.
Therefore, in this case you end up with one bit.
In this case, for every pulse, you got either a 1, or a 0 (high or low), and therefore you are transmitting one bit per second (bit-rate of 1).
So you see, that in this case the bit-rate equals the baud-rate.
If, however, you have multiple voltage-levels, you end up being able to send other values than 0 and 1 at each pulse.
Let's say you have 4 voltage-levels instead of 2:
you can now send either a very-low, low, high, or very-high signal at each pulse, which you might think of as 0, 1, 2, 3
So you see that you now have 2 bits at each pulse. (look up how to represent decimal numbers using bits)
So now, you still have a baud-rate of 1, because you didn't change the frequency of the pulses,
but you have a bit-rate of 2, because you are transmitting 2 bits of data at every pulse.
Thanks very much for this video! I have a question about the bandwidth in networking. Some people express the bandwidth in the unit of GB rather than Gbps. I understand there is a difference between the data storage expressed in GB or TB and the bandwidth rate or internet speed in Mbps. So why do they express the installed capacity of the international bandwidth for a given country in GB? Cheers,
Thanks for this super video. However, on the relation between bit rate and bandwith... According to Nyquist theorem with 1 Hz and 2 discrete values you should he able to get a max bit rate of 2 bps, not 1 bps. Am I right?
Nice video! However, I am not sure I follow your explanation on bandwith in Hz and how that limits bit rate. Say we have a system that can transmit data with frequencies in the range 100 to 101 Hz. Then we only have a bandwidth of 101-100 = 1 Hz, but the frequency of the system is still around 100 Hz which should allow 100 bits/s?
100-101 Hz would be analog signal. 100bps would be applicable to digital
Is there a maximum baud rate? For the receiving device it would have to be able to tell the differences in the voltages sent but electricity does not rise and fall in square blocks it goes up and down like a wave so. Kind of like an audio files frames per second.
baud rate is determined by hardware speed and electrical noise. A well designed board and module can have a very high baud rate, as it will have a low level of electrical noise and a fast interface to send and receive from.
Thanks..:)
What a legend
yeah could you be more lclear on baud/bit per second...
he made it clear..
but you got to be aware of what a bit is, and how to represent it in terms of voltage.
Think about it this way:
If you got two voltage-levels to choose from, one will be higher than the other, and so you got a high, and a low, which can be thought of as a 1 or a 0.
Therefore, in this case you end up with one bit.
In this case, for every pulse, you got either a 1, or a 0 (high or low), and therefore you are transmitting one bit per second (bit-rate of 1).
So you see, that in this case the bit-rate equals the baud-rate.
If, however, you have multiple voltage-levels, you end up being able to send other values than 0 and 1 at each pulse.
Let's say you have 4 voltage-levels instead of 2:
you can now send either a very-low, low, high, or very-high signal at each pulse, which you might think of as 0, 1, 2, 3
So you see that you now have 2 bits at each pulse. (look up how to represent decimal numbers using bits)
So now, you still have a baud-rate of 1, because you didn't change the frequency of the pulses,
but you have a bit-rate of 2, because you are transmitting 2 bits of data at every pulse.
hehe
Dobar Dan Joseph, hajde ja sada tebi ovako da kazem
don't you think it's a bit silly to say HE COULD BE MORE CLEAR
but...
in saying that, YOU ARE NOT STATING *CLEARLY* HOW HE COULD BE CLEARER
hehe
Did you think abou this comment before posting ?
No Joseph
i think
- He was clear, (actually i don't THINK........ I KNOW HE WAS)
- it might be a case where you don't understand it
Ponekad moze da se desi da nekome obijasnis nesto i oni razumum
a onda obijasnis isti stvar drugi osobi a oni nerazumu
Each to his own mate
we are all different
we comprehend things differently, therefore we all require different explanations to achieve (What we individually define as )" A CLEAR EXPLANATION "
since there is only 1 video for everyone it is inevitable that there will be always someone who will say IT WAS NOT CLEARLY EXPLAINED
at this point THAT SOMEONE IS YOU hehe
the video was fine
i suggest you do some more research on the topic
sometimes it takes watching a few videos to get the point to sink in
Budi mi ziv is zdrav
Be Cool
@@martinkuliza wow what was that did you translate each line after writing it or something
@@ahmedrahi9775
No, Not exactly
this part
"hehe
Dobar Dan Joseph, hajde ja sada tebi ovako da kazem"
TRANSLATED =
hehe
Good day Joseph, so... let me now explain it to you like this
this part
"
Ponekad moze da se desi da nekome obijasnis nesto i oni razumum
a onda obijasnis isti stvar drugi osobi a oni nerazumu
"
TRANSLATED
sometimes it can be the case that you can explain something to someone and they understand you and then you can explain the exact same thing to another person and they don't understand you
this part
"Budi mi ziv is zdrav"
is a traditional yugoslav salutation
it means
I WISH YOU LIFE AND HEALTH
or
BE ALIVE AND HEALTHY
in short
Joseph, who's name is probably JOSIP is clearly a yugoslav person .
i wrote the comment this way so that i could explain it to him more clearly in his native language
so.. that's what i did