Endometriosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications & Prevention

Endometriosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications & Prevention
Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue resembling the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain, menstrual irregularities, and fertility problems. Symptoms vary but often include pelvic pain, heavy periods, pain during intercourse, pain with bowel movements or urination, infertility, fatigue, and digestive issues. While the exact cause is unclear, potential factors include retrograde menstruation, embryonic cell transformation, surgical scars, immune system disorders, and genetics. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical exams, imaging tests, laparoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and improve fertility, utilizing pain relief medications, hormonal therapies, and sometimes surgery, including hysterectomy in severe cases. Complications can include infertility, chronic pain, ovarian cysts, adhesions, and an increased risk of certain cancers and mental health issues. Although prevention is not certain, risk may be reduced through hormonal contraceptives, regular exercise, and a healthy diet.
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