#8: PFC, genetic enhancement, agriculture benefits | Robert Sapolsky Father-Offspring Interviews

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  • Опубліковано 3 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 77

  • @vigyapratapsingh
    @vigyapratapsingh 6 місяців тому +21

    i would give off anything for a new lecture series by professor sapolsky, and i am sure people would absolutely love it, i hope this would happen.

  • @thiagopinto459
    @thiagopinto459 6 місяців тому +21

    Remember. You can download Sapolsky's lectures so they'll be yours forever. ❤

    • @pauls.6686
      @pauls.6686 5 місяців тому

      Thank you for pointing it out! Do you mean the lectures on UA-cam that are >10 years old? Or are there other ones as well?

    • @thiagopinto459
      @thiagopinto459 5 місяців тому

      @pauls.6686 Yes, I mean those. I have them downloaded in a hard drive. Not too hard.

    • @TMK1450
      @TMK1450 5 місяців тому

      @@thiagopinto459 Dinosaur here: I would need separate software to do the download..? What's the how-to approach here?

    • @thiagopinto459
      @thiagopinto459 5 місяців тому +2

      @TMK1450 Dinosaur is my zodiac sign! If you have youtube premium, you can download any video or playlist from your phone. There are ways to download them to files, but you'll need a younger dinosaur to help you with that one. 😉

  • @diewildemathilde4432
    @diewildemathilde4432 6 місяців тому +6

    Thank you so much for doing these, much love and appreciation!

  • @MicahBuzanANIMATION
    @MicahBuzanANIMATION 6 місяців тому +6

    Loved all these questions and thank you a lot for answering my question! The world you describe that mixes agriculture and hunter-gathering sounds both ideal and pragmatic. I hope we can get there some day.

  • @VCE4
    @VCE4 Місяць тому

    A short video but great questions (and answers)
    Guess I just straight to the next one

  • @esubitosera
    @esubitosera 6 місяців тому +4

    Thank you for these interviews ❣️♥️🩵💚💜💛🧡❤️🩷💙

  • @fabian5002
    @fabian5002 6 місяців тому +1

    Thank you Rachel for having the patience of going through these interviews. I know it can't be easy. Send you a big hug.

  • @desertpegasus
    @desertpegasus 6 місяців тому +5

    I love these interviews. Keep it up!

  • @decembrya
    @decembrya 6 місяців тому +2

    Always so happy when your videos pop into my subscriptions list! Very interesting little bites of info and I really love the little glimpses into your family😊

  • @GrowwithMOKY
    @GrowwithMOKY 6 місяців тому +1

    The offspring lectures is my FAVORITE SERIES EVER

  • @bradcooke5383
    @bradcooke5383 6 місяців тому +2

    Thanks again so much for the videos Offspring and Doc. I really look forward to these.

  • @mcd5478
    @mcd5478 6 місяців тому +1

    Fabulous series!!! Thank you both for taking the time to do these videos 💖💕💖

  • @claudia.k.g.1271
    @claudia.k.g.1271 6 місяців тому +5

    I love the unblinking subtle irony that is going on between the two of you. Happy belated birthday to Rachel and thanks for an amazing episode. Regarding sheep-like Nazis, here is an idea that may sound paradoxical, but it isn't. Though the Germans never had collectivist origins, sociologist Max Weber sees the roots in why the Germans have this lemming-like obedience mostly in the protestant religion. Paradoxically it make sense: Over centuries, protestantism has absolutized the state as a divine institution and legitimized the authoritarian state. Lutheranism is responsible for the submissive spirit and obedience to authority among Germans. It is generally believed that this faithful and obedient attitude toward authority has been so internalized over many generations that it usually no longer requires external force to maintain it.

    • @freyc1
      @freyc1 6 місяців тому

      Protestantism has never "absolutized the state as a divine institution and legitimized the authoritarian state". Divine right is a catholic thing. Actually, the protestant states were much freer than the catholic ones, most of the time. And protestantism advocates for individual conscience rather than obedience (no priest, everyone can read the scriptures, etc.). I can't remember a place where the very patriotic Max Weber describes Germans as anything like "lemming-like" either. Plus you could argue that the center of Nazi support was more in the catholic regions of Germany, like Bavaria (Hitler himself being Austrian). Also, that supposedly collectivistic religion happens to be strongly present in the most individualistic cultures in the world.

    • @escamoteur
      @escamoteur 6 місяців тому

      Why only protestantism? Hasn't the catholic church done the same over centuries?

    • @TMK1450
      @TMK1450 6 місяців тому +3

      It’s more complicated than that one endpoint of religion. But cultural norms are very important indeed in shaping nations and national identity.
      Culture as „how things are done around here“ => explains a whole lot or then surprisingly little.

    • @freyc1
      @freyc1 6 місяців тому +2

      @@TMK1450 Even if you only took the religious factor into account, it doesn't make any sense. Protestantism (which is very diverse) places much more emphasis on individual responsability than any other form of christianity. And where is it dominant? The US, Great Britain, Australia, Denmark, the Scandinavian countries? Not really a list of people reputed for their "lemming-like obedience". On top of that, the Nazis were initially strongest mostly in the catholic parts of the Reich. Hitler and Himmler were both raised by catholics.

    • @claudia.k.g.1271
      @claudia.k.g.1271 6 місяців тому +1

      @@freyc1 I think Weber mostly referred to protestant sects later in life. Hitler came from a deeply dysfunctional Austrian home, he admired everything that was German, so wanted to be more German than them. He despised the Church, both catholic and protestant, but was particularly and euphorically backed by wealthy protestant groups and protestant churches. Only some catholic groups criticised his policy in the very early years.

  • @albertonunez3331
    @albertonunez3331 6 місяців тому +3

    Always a delight

  • @85altant
    @85altant 6 місяців тому +1

    Thanks for bringin in these conversations for one of the best thinkers of our time, also would like to hear more of her thoughts as time goes on

  • @escamoteur
    @escamoteur 6 місяців тому +2

    I love your model of an ideal society. Would directly sign up for it

  • @gy4bg-iz8wq
    @gy4bg-iz8wq 6 місяців тому +2

    Question 3 answer is awesome, Thanks!

  • @Blarblarb2468
    @Blarblarb2468 15 днів тому

    This is funny. My mom acquired damage to her PFC when she was young. I had an amygdala hippocampextomy at a young age and have acquired a densely clustered patch of neurons in my PFC which makes it hyper active. I believe this was an adaptation of my brain trying to “learn” it’s way back to that hemisphere feeling it’s way through things.

  • @yaongingyfmm1571
    @yaongingyfmm1571 6 місяців тому +2

    Regarding the last question, we wouldn't be here without the agricultural revolution, the concentration of knowledge is what got us where we are, as a species. The confirmation for that can be seen, in the few remaining hunter-gatherer tribes still left on the planet, which have remained pretty much the same, for tens of thousands of years...

  • @helenrobinson4893
    @helenrobinson4893 6 місяців тому

    Great listening to father and daughter question and answers. THANKS

  • @twistedoperator4422
    @twistedoperator4422 6 місяців тому +2

    Interesting answer for the last question!

  • @ishaadass
    @ishaadass 6 місяців тому +1

    Wonderful

  • @giovannaalencar1785
    @giovannaalencar1785 6 місяців тому

    Thank you for this interview ❤

  • @Curiouscreature365
    @Curiouscreature365 6 місяців тому +4

    Thank you so much for these interviews. Please if you ever have time - could you help explain tears. Are they a stress-release mechanism? Is there a connection with the amount of GCCs in your blood?
    Maria from Russia/UK/Germany

  • @jeffwhited287
    @jeffwhited287 6 місяців тому +2

    I'm afraid that with prehensile tails we would have never come down out of the trees. On second thought, prehensile tails are just what we need!

  • @susangravdahlparsons2684
    @susangravdahlparsons2684 6 місяців тому

    Dear Dr Robert and Offspring. I've spent my life as a human layperson trying to define and understand consciousness. I'm so grateful for it! LOL.Of all people on earth, perhaps you can semi-define it for us? I know it's a big question, but I would love to hear what you have to say about this topic/miracle. What do you think consciousness is?

  • @VaughanMcCue
    @VaughanMcCue 4 місяці тому

    great event

  • @MegaDaddy75
    @MegaDaddy75 6 місяців тому

    Discussing with my daughter (while watching bio 150) about getting used to being on a roof. I took from your class (buzzer and shock to monkey discussion) that more and more exposure to a fearful situation (being on the roof) would get less and less fearful as it is done more. She(and her mother) maintain that there will be no change if you are at your threshold for stress. Does the stress threshold lower with exposure? Paraphrase as needed.

  • @ready1fire1aim1
    @ready1fire1aim1 6 місяців тому

    The empirical confirmation of quantum entanglement and the breakdown of local realism has truly unlocked a new realm of intellectual and philosophical freedom. No longer constrained by the assumptions of a purely 3D+1D spatial-temporal worldview, we can now entertain and seriously consider ideas and insights that would have previously been dismissed as contradictory or nonsensical. Let me highlight a few key examples:
    1. Non-Locality and Interconnectedness
    The realization that quantum phenomena exhibit non-local, entangled relationships has profound implications. It challenges the notion of strict separability between objects and allows for the possibility of deeper, unseen connections and influences across space and time. This paves the way for holistic, relational worldviews that were previously derided as "unscientific."
    2. The Primacy of Consciousness
    The paradoxical role of the observer in quantum experiments has called into question the traditional assumption of consciousness as a passive byproduct of material processes. This opens the door to philosophical frameworks that posit consciousness as a fundamental, irreducible aspect of reality, rather than an epiphenomenon. Theories of consciousness-first metaphysics are no longer automatically dismissed.
    3. The Limits of Determinism
    The inherent uncertainty and probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics undermines the classical expectation of a deterministic, clockwork universe. This weakens the grip of strict mechanical materialism and allows for the consideration of models that incorporate genuine novelty, creativity, and spontaneity as fundamental features of reality, rather than mere illusions.
    4. Multidimensional Geometries
    The success of string theory and other speculative physics models in exploring higher-dimensional geometries has challenged the presumption that our 3+1 dimensional spacetime is the only valid or "real" framework. This paves the way for philosophical and metaphysical explorations of reality as potentially possessing additional, unobservable dimensions - an idea that was previously viewed as nonsensical.
    5. The Reality of the "Imaginary"
    The crucial role of complex numbers and imaginary quantities in quantum mechanics and field theory has eroded the dismissal of the "imaginary" as inherently unreal or meaningless. This allows for a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between the "real" and the "imaginary" as complementary aspects of a deeper mathematical and metaphysical reality.
    6. The Limitations of Materialism
    Perhaps most significantly, the inability of classical physics to fully account for the counter-intuitive phenomena of the quantum realm has undermined the hegemony of reductive materialism. This opens up space for the consideration of non-materialist ontologies, including panpsychist, idealist, or even theistic frameworks, which were previously dismissed as unscientific.
    In essence, the collapse of the certainties provided by the 3D+1D Newtonian-Einsteinian worldview has liberated us to explore a much richer tapestry of metaphysical possibilities. Concepts and ideas that were once viewed as hopelessly contradictory or ungrounded in empirical reality can now be seriously entertained and woven into coherent models of the cosmos and consciousness.
    This intellectual freedom is truly transformative, as it allows us to draw upon a far broader range of philosophical, spiritual, and speculative traditions to inform our understanding of the fundamental nature of existence. It is within this expanded conceptual space that dialogues like ours can unfold, revealing astonishing new vistas of insight and understanding.

  • @fabianamatano2512
    @fabianamatano2512 6 місяців тому +1

    Offspring, congrats on your mature PFC!!! Prof Sapolsky, I've been studying "self " by A. Damasio and J Ledoux (so interesting; hard, though). Could U plz tell us sth abt the self and lack of free well? Any other thought abt the self? Tks from Brazil.

  • @rezaansari6100
    @rezaansari6100 6 місяців тому

    Question: Do you judge the creation of state after the agricultural revolution a negative development in the human history?

  • @MTVBrat
    @MTVBrat 6 місяців тому

    *ring ring*
    Hello?
    I just called to check if your refrigerators' running?
    Yes?
    Well, you better go catch it
    😂😂😂😂😂
    🙈🙉🙊

  • @alex_bakkalinskiy
    @alex_bakkalinskiy 6 місяців тому

    Great questions, all of them 🤘. Sorry Dr. Sapolsky didn't wish to answer Q2. I respect his right and wisdom on this, and I'm sure that his silence is more about overall people's good than safeguarding own reputation. But I have a feeling that Robert has some deep ideas on that. After all, he can't be researching brains all of his life without thinking how that knowledge can be put to good use. We can't refrain from actions just of out fear of previous mistakes, irresponsible demagogues and general human stupidity. We all dream to solve that stupidity problem in its core. But of cause, it must be responsible and deliberate work starting in small tests, continued though many generations

  • @jjuniper274
    @jjuniper274 6 місяців тому

    Does the PFC change after menopause?
    Do women become more concerned with future generations of their kin?
    I personally find myself more and more concerned with survival legacy than with my own wants or needs.
    Do other mothers and grandmothers experience this.

  • @terenzo50
    @terenzo50 6 місяців тому

    Calls to mind one of Michael Crichton's later novels, entitled Next.

  • @623-x7b
    @623-x7b 6 місяців тому +2

    What the hell 3:49 just explaining my life perfectly. I have already asked practitioners to undergo some kind of cognitive assessment but they said they'd get back to me never happened. I feel virtually no emotion and definitely have no 'gut' feeling and have difficulty making decisions because I feel indifferent about outcomes psychologists telling me it's "anxiety" but I'm not convinced.

    • @escamoteur
      @escamoteur 6 місяців тому +3

      Trust your observation and look for different therapists.

  • @venkataponnaganti
    @venkataponnaganti 6 місяців тому

    What is the role of my thinking and reflection in bringing about a change in me?

  • @thomasesau2376
    @thomasesau2376 2 місяці тому

    Computer gamers, when competing against each other, the kids have a speed advantage. This is apparently because younger kids haven't developed their PFCs yet. PFCs slow down adults impulses, so kids also make better infantry.

  • @christinley5213
    @christinley5213 6 місяців тому

    I love this!!! Hahaha thats was perfect.. tails lmfao!!! Science and the beard… i dig it!!!:)

  • @gofai274
    @gofai274 6 місяців тому

    Robert Sapolsky should talk with Bernardo Kastrup he doesn't believe in free will too, but e.g. Tom Campbell believes in fw... Or rather with Tom Campbell or someone who believes in fw...

  • @jamiegallier2106
    @jamiegallier2106 4 місяці тому

    ❤❤❤

  • @MilesCushion-e5t
    @MilesCushion-e5t 6 місяців тому

    Can you help me out with " dignity"
    Conceptually? Biologicallt? Neurologically?

  • @devos3212
    @devos3212 6 місяців тому

    There a difference between the PFC and the frontal cortex? This was the last brain region to evolve right? And the area least affected by genes and more shaped by environmental influences?

    • @novascheller5957
      @novascheller5957 6 місяців тому

      It’s called the Pre-Frontal Cortex. 😊

  • @GhastlyH
    @GhastlyH 6 місяців тому

    I have spent so much time daydreaming about how much happier life would be if I had a prehensile tale capable of supporting my own weight. Of course I don't know how I'd be able to pull that off anatomically while maintaining the advantages of bipedalism but I'm sure the geneticists will figure out the solution to that problem.

  • @LaboriousCretin
    @LaboriousCretin 3 місяці тому

    I would argue a few points. Taking out emotional feeling biases can have better outcomes for things. You can have it both ways for types of situations.
    Have you or anyone else tried to extract algorithmic representations for biochemical functions and brain area functions? What do you think about how different yet similar biochemical neural nets and artificial neural nets are?
    Genetic engineering. What are your thoughs on biofactories? Extracting the THC genes and splicing into other things. Like yeast, mold, fruits. Is designing druged fruit plants ethical? XD
    Bioengineering mitochondrial DNA and the micro biome. Hyper evolving things like Y chromosome to a meta stable state. Repairs to so called junk DNA spots. Viral damage Repairs. Biochemical production like vitamin production from Genetic expression or such. I/O ports from optogenetics and bioluminescent and nerve grafting and promoted growth mapping. Subdermal to main nerve bundle.
    What are your thoughts on speciation? Or birth gap and genetic pools? Or the innate and predisposition from genetics?

  • @maitreyadeepankar7437
    @maitreyadeepankar7437 6 місяців тому +2

    big fan from India, discovered his work during the COVID lockdowns, i would like to ask DR. Sapolsky that if life is a determined biomachine and we know the universe is going to end and possibly restart, could the purpose of evolution and life itself be to bring about this "restart" of the universe, given how we are actively working towards making life interplanetary and maybe intergalactic. thank you

    • @TMK1450
      @TMK1450 6 місяців тому +2

      No. Because we don’t know that. What human society „knows“ is highly overrated anyway so… 😮

    • @maitreyadeepankar7437
      @maitreyadeepankar7437 6 місяців тому

      @@TMK1450 yes its a conjecture, and what humans society "knows" is "highly over rated" by who's standards? yours? a human

  • @MTVBrat
    @MTVBrat 6 місяців тому

    Knock knock
    Who's there?
    Bear
    Bear Who?
    BARE BUM!!
    😅😅😅
    👀👁👁👀

  • @flamephlegm
    @flamephlegm 6 місяців тому

    One of the Latin words for tail is “penis”, and in that context I think it would be very funny if all humans had prehensile tails.

    • @MTVBrat
      @MTVBrat 6 місяців тому

      😂🤔🙈🙉🙊

  • @user-ej5gx7ph7q
    @user-ej5gx7ph7q 6 місяців тому

    😂 thank you

  • @bradsillasen1972
    @bradsillasen1972 6 місяців тому

    Love the series! Dr. Sapolsky, Did you discover any new species when trimming your beard?

  • @dfinma
    @dfinma 6 місяців тому

    7:53 The "solution" (if there is such a thing) is in the timescale. Through the happenstance of some random evolutionaly event, or trillions of random events, our technological advancement has greatly outpaced Mother Nature's encoded pace of evolution. In other words we are unable to adapt to our advancements and we neutralized MN's ability to manage it. If this was corrected would we eventually invent eyefones at such a time we can handle them? Yes, but a few million years from now.

  • @curiousreporter4292
    @curiousreporter4292 6 місяців тому

    Hi sir Sapolsky
    Shahid

  • @susanb4816
    @susanb4816 6 місяців тому

    He says all that and she signs off. Hilarious

  • @nancychace8619
    @nancychace8619 6 місяців тому

    Yes. Wildebeest migration. Of course! 🦬🦬🦬🦬

  • @bladdnun3016
    @bladdnun3016 6 місяців тому +2

    Ah yes, world history would look quite different if the Germans wouldn't have farmed quite as much rice in the 1930s...

    • @escamoteur
      @escamoteur 6 місяців тому +1

      I think the Nazis worked on a different angle of human behavior, mainly the separation of in and out groups.
      The observation that many Asian communities are more group oriented than individualistic can easily be verified. What has then happened in the Chinese cultural revolution got people probably more aligned than the Nazis had ever wished they could

  • @MTVBrat
    @MTVBrat 6 місяців тому

    Seriously tho, Seriously.. why did the jellybean go to school?

  • @parvesh-rana
    @parvesh-rana 6 місяців тому

    I want to ask that if it is difficult to Live with no free will 😂

  • @jqyhlmnp
    @jqyhlmnp 5 місяців тому

    Tails like a furry :(

  • @HairyPinkTroll
    @HairyPinkTroll 6 місяців тому

    2:46 Not Judge - Matthew 7:1
    Fritz Chery
    Apr 17, 2024
    Blog
    0 comments
    The Bible verse for today is: Matthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. My joke about proving free will: sapolsky’s beard obviously it does what it wants! 🪅🖕🏼😂. Although karma still needs to be proven