Black Bodies and Planck Explained
Вставка
- Опубліковано 17 чер 2016
- Explaining the theory behind black body radiation, the problems it caused in terms of classical theory, and Max Planck's solution
SEE MY LESSON ON BLACKBODY AND PLANCK - www.physicshigh.com/planck-an...
Subscribe - / physicshigh
LIKE and SHARE with your peers. And please add a COMMENT to let me know I have helped you.
Support my work either regularly at Patreon: www.patreon.com/Physicshigh
OR
a one off payment at PayPal: pelooyen@gmail.com
Physics High is committed to producing content that teaches physics concepts at a level a high schooler can understand.
See www.physicshigh.com for all my videos and other resources.
👥 Social
---------------------------------------------------------
Follow me on
facebook: @physicshigh
twitter: @physicshigh
Instagram: @physicshigh
#highschoolphysicsexplained #physicshigh #quantumphysics
All this time I've been hating physics but I watched this video and was blown away. It all makes sense now. Thanks so much!!
Isabel Curtis
Then you will LOVE the Thunderbolts Project.
THE science channel on utoob!
IMO, the lack of context in the way of educating the kids makes these subjects difficult
Sad that your school physics teachers couldnt do what this video did...... (it definitley made maths easier for me xD)
Glad it helped.
Math is also boring. But make physics visual and easily understandable to imagination and it gets whole new meaning.
Oh okay, I don't have to be confused about "why" because "why" isn't explained by Plank! what a relief
The stair and slope example was brilliant! Thanks : D
(2:28) Correction, you're getting the smaller wavelengths in the blue/violet region of the visible spectrum, not the "frequencies" like you said.
"Planck’s Route to the Black Body Radiation Formula and Quantization" by Michael Fowler details Planck's thermodynamic analysis of the entropy of Blackbody Radiation, which motivated his hypothesis to satisfy Wien's Law at high frequencies.
Planck's application of Boltzmann's Statistical Mechanics led to his conclusion that the material of the walls emit and absorb radiation in discrete quanta.
It's a great read.
Thanks. I’ll look it up
You’ve done a great job of shedding light on a complicated subject. Thanks 😊
@@Anonymous-by5jp You bet!
It's very accessible, written at the Junior/Senior Undergraduate level.
Great explanation, subjects are easily understood when they don't depart from the context, it keeps the chain of thought connected and your attention continuous. Story-telling at it's finest.
As always your videos are amazing. Thank you so much for creating them. This is perfectly clear, simple and very easy to understand.
Honestly you are a saviour to my atar
Thank you so much for this. So grateful to all the teachers who give their time to make amazing videos like this
Hi, working my way through some early universe cosmology and need to understand some basic concepts more clearly.....so this is perfect! Thanks for your generous time!
Its is the best explanation I've found at the level of high school , congratulations teacher.
Thank you so much for keeping this topic to the basics so one can understand the central principal! Not one German video I saw did it as well as you did.
I was having a hard time fully understanding this and now I get it! Thanks.
I spent so long trying to understand this topic but this video is so well explained. Thank you !!
It was too good... I really understood everything.... Thank you so much
This suddenly makes so much more sense!! Thank you soooooo soooo soooo much!!!!!
you are welcome - please share with your friends
Thank you truly for the great video. Taking a modern physics course this semester and the TA explained it poorly, appreciate the help!
Thank you very much! Beautifully explained.
Brilliant!!!! Thank you very much!
Wow, I’m actually learning and fascinated this time around. Thank you
Glad you liked it.
I needed this thank you 🙏!
very well explained.. thank you.
Very good and clear presentation.
You have no idea how thankful I am
Very easy to understand presentation on an abstract topic
great and precise explanation! very greatful
first year studying physics at uni, really helpfull video!
Glad it was helpful
I finally understand this. Thanks.
great video!!.....this video helps me to understand the planck's law.....other videos on youtube are just waste of time,,,,,,....
Very elegant explanation.
Thank you, clear and concise, the way I like it :)
Thanks for the feedback.
Oh my god. I have watched a lot of videos, and This is just incredible.
awesome... sir, thank you :)
loved it... seriously!!! got the point I was looking for ... thank you !!! 👌
Excellent! Thank you
I watched the video and enjoyed it.
Great! Thank you.❤️
Am I missing something? As E = hf, more strictly speaking energy is only quantised for a particular emr frequency. As far as I'm aware, f is continuous??
Thank you very much.... I watched many videos to understand... (why we say U. V catastrophe) I thought that because of harmful EM radiotion (ionizing radiation) from U. V & and shorter frequencies.... BUT NOW I REALIZED BECAUSE IT BREAKS THE EXPECTATION OF THE CLASSICAL PHYSICS
Finally understood what a n body is. Thanks!
Great video information 👍❤thank you for sharing your knowledge and experience 🇵🇭🫡
wow cool these videos are amazing
thank you so much this is amazing
you are welcome - please share and spread the word
Thannnk yoouuuuuu 🌸
sir you are great
thank you - glad it helped
Instead of referring to the wavelengths involved in the UV "catastrophe" as "smaller" wavelengths - I recommend using "shorter" wavelengths.
THANK YOU
It is not clear why introducing a quantized constant solves the 'catastrophe'. Thats the video
I want to see! Thank you.
Thanks sir
Black-body e-Pi anti node singularity vanishing-into-no-thing zero-infinity axial-tangential sync-duration orthogonality. Inside-outside holographic time-timing positioning by i-reflection containment.
thank you!
This must have seemed very odd to Planck and others then...it is such a strange concept...I enjoyed your explanation, thank you!
thank you for these videos. i wonder what interactive tool/software you used for displaying Wien's law. regards
You’re welcome. All the tools I use is listed on my website but I used a pHET animation as well for this video.
@@PhysicsHigh thanks Paul.
4:05 may i ask why does it go down? the red thing like raises up from the start but then goes back down
Great explanation. Thanks :)
What kind of function is that graph? it's so weird I cannot understand it. How come there's 2 points in the y axis? usually, when you pick a value from the x axis it give only one value from the y axis, but how come the y axis is giving 2 values?
Great video sir. Your great explanation is what I need . Thank you.
Thank you :0)
Very nice channel. But I have two remarks.
First, Plank fitted the experimental data with his formula and then tried to explain it with thermodynamics and the necessary E = hf.
Second: why everybody starts with Plank? 30 - 40 years ago spectroscopists supposed that the energy levels are discrete -- spectra are discrete.
Also, the term black body is very confusing for a layman. BB is in thermodynamics equilibrium: it emits the same amount of energy that absorbs. Practically BB
is not a black thing. As an IR spectroscopist (chemist, not physicist) I always wondered if the colour of BB is black as it is usually illustrated (by you too).
Bravo!
Thank you so much. Great explanation. Wonderful effort. Keep posting. Regards.
Very nice explanation Sir. I just started reading (for something like the 5th time) “Quantum” by M. Kumar, a fantastic book on many respects, and the first chapter is about the black body radiation problem, Wien’s solution and inherent problem and of course Plank mathematical solution. I was looking for Plank’s formula and I am so happy to have found it in the video. Now I’d like to understand how he got to that specific equation, which is quite complex. Oh, by the way, I subscribed to the channel! Cheers.
Thanks for your feedback 😉
How does this relate with radiated particle. Something radiated is slightly warm. But doesn't emediatelly show burns. Till later. & doesn't glow.
Where to find that spectrum calculator?
sir is it like the number of photons become constant after the max inetsity like in photoelectric effect?
but I'd have loved if u would have explained the derivation of the formula Planck used to predic nature of the wave
The association of the main numbers in mathematics reflect numerical sequences that correspond to the dimensions of the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun, in the unit of measurement in meters, which is 1" (second) / 299,792,458 m/s (speed of light in a vacuum).
Planck's constant.
Planck’s constant: 6.63 × 10-34 m2 kg.
Circumference of the Moon: 10,916.
Gold equation: 1,618 ɸ
(((6.63 ^ (10,916 x 10^-4 )) x 1.618 x (10^3)= 12,756.82
Earth’s equatorial diameter: 12,756 km.
Planck's temperature: 1.41679 x 10^32 Kelvin.
Newton’s law of gravitation: G = 6.67 x 10^-11 N.m^2/kg^2.
Speed of Sound: 340.29 m/s
(1.41679 ^ 6.67) x 340.29 - 1 = 3,474.81
Moon's diameter:: 3,474 km.
Frequencies of the Planets of the Solar System:
• Mercury: 141.27 Hz;
• Venus: 221.23 Hz;
• Earth: 7.83 Hz;
• Mars: 144.72 Hz;
• Jupiter: 183.58 Hz;
• Saturn: 147.85 Hz;
• Uranus: 432 Hz;
• Neptune: 211.44 Hz;
• Planck constant: 6.63 × 10^-34 m2 kg.
• ((141,27 + 221,23 + 7,83 + 144,72 +183,58 + 147,85 + 432 + 211,44) ^ 6,63) x (10^-17) = 10.916,17
Moon's circumference: 10,916 km.
Orion: The Connection between Heaven and Earth eBook Kindle
Nice video and presentation.
Ty and Jean gave us a curve fitting solution is mathematics but science. On the other hand Planck offer a final curve fitting solution is also mathematics but science.
The catastrophe came out of our ignorance, selective learning and inability of connecting dots so to speak. Essentially, at the time the instrument’s sensor was sealed inside a glass container and we all know that glass attenuates infrared and ultraviolet that masked off real response, in the end we saw a distorted view on page 8:30+. That means we still don’t know the real characteristics is until we have found a new material but glass to preserve the real information in the signal, light.
We have PhD everywhere today but they offer us D and not Ph. Without philosophy science is soulless.
very applicable to glowing sphere
something you need to hear things from another teacher and it all falls into place, thank you!!!!
I think the white line you drew on the ultraviolet catastrophe screen should show exponential growth, not exponential decay, though...
yes... we are electrical in nature.... (like EVERYTHING)
im in graduate school haha the HIGH school physics explained makes me feel so dumb
cause you are
@@mahathirmoon5010 mean
@@tetestoes5188 that's okay
@@mahathirmoon5010 nah what if that person is sensitive
@@mahathirmoon5010 dude wtf. Stop insulting people especially when u saved videos of UNDERSTANDING SLOPE and INTERPRETING DOT PRODUCT. The former even a middle schooler can understand, the latter a decent high schooler would get. If this guy is in grad school he’s prob much more smarter than you, a person who needs help understanding middle school maths.
14:10
There should no pie in the numerator.
Just pointing it out!
How did he came up with that? I think he figured out that energy was quantized and to get the value he just tried smaller and smaller numbers until the equation matched up with the experimental data... Then just multiplies that constant by the frequency and there it is, such a simple but beautfil approach to solve the problem
Thanks a million. Crystal clear explanation.
sir you are greatt
i didnt think Id be one of those people but this was posted on birthday lolol
So are we saying that the Planck constant was utilized because we simply don't have a perfect radiator to experiment with to prove the classic model?
Excellent explanation thank you.
I heard that Einstein filled the hole of understanding the formula. Can atoms be seen? How are they measured? I like Buckminster Fullers General Systems Theory model, wherein the metaphysical must be considered. Physics cannot explain metaphysics because by its nature it is finite or limited. All good for material universe, but what about that which we don't see physically? Even the full spectrum of color (as well as phenomena)...
Thank you for sharing your insights.
The incandescent light bulb is a Blackbody...how about the fluorescent light bulb is it also a Blackbidy ..if not then what is the reason? Tq !
Fluorescent light is not a black body. The light is a result of electrons jumping energy levels (quantum effect)
Whereas black body radiation is different.
why the curve come down at ultraviolet ??
How did planck tho explain it using one law?
At 6:41, it says that black bodies absorb radiation right? This has been boggling on my mind for a bit now, but what about a lightbulb filament that doesn't necessarily have to absorb electromagnetic radiation, and is counted for as a black body. The thing is, that it also reflects light, so how can this be a black body?
A filament MODELS a black body. But it isn’t perfect. About the closest thing to a black body is a star. A true black body does not reflect any light.
...yep - sometimes recognizing reality is an act of desperation...
hey if the filliment hot even hotter than white it would turn blue of violet right?
+Isaiah Mills it would turn bluish not pure blue. That is because there is higher intensity of blue violet but the other colours are still there.
What simulator did you use!?
I use an IWB software called Inspire.
@@PhysicsHigh like clockwork! Thx
this helped me very much. i couldn't understand it in class that much but thanks to this i understood it!
Why does the curve go down at high frequencies? Even if it's quantized it shouldn't prevent high frequency radiation from being created.
Exactly the question I keep asking but can't find a explanation.
@@danielpursey8471 My amateur understanding is that, as the energy required to emit electromagnetic radiation gets really high (like at the UV end of the spectrum), the probability of actually emitting such a high energy photon gets really low. There's plenty of energy, but the odds are just better that EMR with longer wavelengths gets emitted, and that's what happens.
@@mathisdude9222 Thank you
Me: searches the whole internet for an explanation about the formula Planck came up with
Video: this is Planck's formula
Me: FINALLY
Video: but you don't have to understand it, it's not important!
Sorry. Made for high school physics and the formula is beyond that scope. Plan to do an addendum to elaborate
@@PhysicsHigh Sir plz could you explain the graph i can’t get it...9:11 why their prediction was wrong,why the graph is curved and not a straight line with increasing intensity and decreasing wavelength...why the intensity suddenly falls down....?
I’ll be very thankful...
@@PhysicsHigh ah that's no problem I truly appreciate your work here! It would be nice if you have the time to explain the formula, I'll look forward to it. But of course the essential information is already in the video. Keep going!!
What if we want to understand the formula? Doesn't it kind of seem like an ad-hoc explanation to try to explain why our perception of physics didn't meet experimental observable predictions, so we basically had to reify the atom, and invoke quanta packets of energy to math it out.
Planck's Constan h = 6.626 × 10^-34 Js It's 10 raised to the power -34. And the analogy About Black Body was Awesome. It helped me better understand the concept about black Body. Thanks
I cannot thank you enough sir, a mystery solved to my weary mind
You know what, I had been calling Eistein a thief who took Planck's work to call it photoelectric effect. Now when Planck himself says "an act of desperation" i don't understand this, when he got every thing to explain the quantum nature of light. You know what my problem is that i unable to differentiate between Planck's quanta and Einstein photon.
Planck tweaked their maths to fit the data and was basically making a mathematical statement about energy being quantised. He did not understand the significance of it initially. It was Einstein who did.
what about a ceramic plate?
+Isaiah Mills I'm not sure what you mean?
Early on (about 2:40), "smaller frequencies" comment should have been "smaller wavelengths -- no?
I'm going to assume BlackBody Radiation pertains to the influences, radical influences, of having negative energy
When, namely, energy surges, and discharges repeatedly(in waves).
Let's see in the next 15 minutes.
The sun is distinctly yellow.
And so...
In fact, if u stop are risk your eyesight and Focus on it instead of the blaring light, it is plainly yellow. It's so dangerous to look at XD. But it appears like a lusterous dull object.
Hmn.
"A perfect redistributer."
What's a double rainbow?
Not proof of a pattern that the Graph omits?
Of course it is.
I'll hit like. But....
I can look at air molecules in flight from 1-17 feet,
Can zoom with my eyes, and have looked at the sun's surface.
So...
Thanks for the input, I like hearing common culture, and byE.
Can coal be an example of black body?
I must be stupid but I still don't understand the concept of quantization. If the Energy obeys the equations E=hf sure there is a Planck's Constant there but if one graphs energy as a function of frequency E(f) it's a smooth curve, a line with a slope of Planck's Constant to be exact. So how come people talk about stairs and steps? If the frequency distribution is continuous so is the energy distribution. What am I missing? a confused teacher asking for help.
You’re not stupid. Great question. Haven’t time now but will respond in the next few days.
We ned to clarify what quantisation means and what it doesn't mean. You are correct, the graph you state is smooth since it displays the energy of photoelectrons for a range of frequencies. So yes, that energy graph is continuous. But thats not what the quantisation is about.
What Planck determined, that for any given frequency , the energy of a quanta of EMR is a whole number multiple of the frequency by Planck's constant. ie E = nhf. So the smallest amount of energy will be where n = 1 so E = hf.
It was Einstein who was able to explain the PE effect by saying that only photoelectron can be released by one photon whose energy is E =hf.
so if you get get a RANGE of frequencies then you will get a RANGE of energy
Now this would suggest a continuous range of energies. But we now know that emission of EMR is a result of quantum effects ie electron transitions between energy levels, which results in very specific frequency emissions and thus discrete energy emissions
Does that clarify?
@@PhysicsHigh Thank you for your explanation! I know it's been two months since you answered my question but back then I wasn't able to put into words my follow-up question. I hope I can do it now. Your explanation clarified most of the things I was unsure about but there is still one thing I need to ensure.
When it comes to a black body radiation the radiation is temperature dependent. And that's why I made a conclusion the radiation is due to the thermal motion (vibration) of the atoms (because atoms consist of positive protons and negative electrons that emits EMF when in acceleration). But that radiation wouldn't be quantized because the atoms themselves could have arbitrary vibration speed/acceleration? So the previous conclusion must be wrong. Does it mean that even though the black body radiation happens due to the temperature of the object it's not because of the atoms vibrating in the substance itself and those vibrations cause the emission of EMF but because vibration energy results electron transitions between energy levels and those transitions are quantized and because EMF is a result of those transitions that's why the EMF radiation is quantized as well?
I hope this wasn't too confusing. Thank you in advance!