A Detailed Summary Of Electric Breakers

A circuit breaker is a mechanical switching device, that can be operated automatically or manually to protect and control an electrical circuit or power system, from damage caused by overcurrent or short circuit.
The mechanism of the circuit breaker also seeks to prevent or control as much as possible the generation of an electric arc, which holds the ability to damage the circuit breaker device due to the excessive heat generated because of the high current.
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There are two methods of extinguishing the arc in the electric circuit breakers.
1. High resistance method
2. Low resistance or current zero method.
The high resistance method includes the following ways:
● Cooling of the arc
● Splitting the arc
● Increasing the length of the arc
● Reducing the cross-section of the arc
● Deflecting the arc.
In the low resistance method, the arc resistance is kept low until current zero where the arc extinguishes naturally and is prevented from restriking.
This can be achieved by the blast effect, where the arc is quenched using a blast of unionized particles e.g. gas, air, or oil.
Circuit breakers are mainly classified into two types:
★ Alternating current circuit breakers
★ Direct current circuit breakers.
Alternating current circuit breakers are classified based on their voltage level:
○ High voltage alternating current circuit breaker
○ Low voltage alternating current circuit breaker.
The following are the different types of high-voltage alternating current circuit breakers:
1. Oil circuit breaker
2. Air circuit breaker
3. Sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker (Sf6)
4. Vacuum circuit breaker.
The following are the different types of low-voltage alternating current circuit breakers:
1. Miniature circuit breaker
2. Molded case circuit breaker
3. Residual circuit breaker etc.
The second classification of electrical circuit breaker is into Direct current circuit breaker.
An example of a direct current circuit breaker is the high voltage direct current circuit breaker.
All these were discussed in the video. Watch the video till the end for better understanding. And if you gain something from the video, like and share the video and also subscribe to the channel.
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