Endo Pharma:15 minutes ,Non insulin Antidiabetic Drugs Part 1

INSULIN PRODUCTION ,SECRETION ,GLUT TRANSPORTERS AND ITS EFFECTS:
• INSULIN PRODUCTION ,SE...
Non-insulin antidiabetic drugs play a crucial role in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here are the main classes and key details:
Biguanides (e.g., Metformin)
Widely prescribed and often the first-line treatment.
Known for its efficacy in lowering blood glucose levels.
Can be used in combination with other antidiabetic medications.
Sulfonylureas (e.g., Glimepiride, Glipizide, Glyburide)
Among the oldest classes of antidiabetic drugs.
Effective in reducing blood sugar levels, particularly in newly diagnosed patients.
Meglitinides (e.g., Repaglinide, Nateglinide)
Offer a flexible dosing schedule due to their short action duration.
Useful for controlling postprandial blood glucose spikes.
Thiazolidinediones (e.g., Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone)
Known for their long duration of action.
Can improve glycemic control over several months of therapy.
DPP-4 Inhibitors (e.g., Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin)
Often well-tolerated and have a neutral effect on weight.
Convenient as they can be taken once daily.
SGLT2 Inhibitors (e.g., Canagliflozin, Empagliflozin)
Promote glucose excretion via the urine.
Associated with additional benefits like weight loss and blood pressure reduction.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (e.g., Exenatide, Liraglutide)
Injectable medications that also aid in weight loss.
Administered either daily or weekly depending on the formulation.
These drugs can be used alone or in combination to achieve better glycemic control. The choice of medication depends on individual patient factors, including the presence of comorbid conditions, patient preferences, and specific drug characteristics.
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