The Battle of Kufit: The Mahdist War - 1881 - 1899

Поділитися
Вставка
  • Опубліковано 14 жов 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 171

  • @littlegrayjacket5873
    @littlegrayjacket5873 5 років тому +29

    I wish this channel would blow up and get the recognition it deserves. Please keep making videos, your hard work will pay off one day

  • @AncientAccounts
    @AncientAccounts 5 років тому +27

    Ooh african history! This scratches an itch i didn't know i had!

  • @historycenter4011
    @historycenter4011 5 років тому +12

    These videos are very high quality and well research. You are quite underrated.

  • @kevingreat875
    @kevingreat875 5 років тому +14

    This is so interesting it really make me proud to be one of our people

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  5 років тому +5

      Hearted because of the profile picture! Bass reeves!!!

    • @kevingreat875
      @kevingreat875 5 років тому +4

      @@hiddenhist Lol thanks man !

  • @HistoryHouseProductions
    @HistoryHouseProductions 5 років тому +12

    Really great video! I am very impressed with the map animations you’ve got going on.

  • @hiddenhist
    @hiddenhist  5 років тому +14

    *Pinned Comment:*
    _An Apology_
    I’m sorry to those who wanted me to change the city / town / village icons for the Tigray regions - it sort of slipped my mind until after I had already finished the video. The next set of Ethiopia videos - whenever that may be - will feature better city / town icons for Ethiopia.
    _A hint for the future_
    Thirdly, I’ve skimmed over a few events relating to Ethiopia’s southern kingdoms, as I intend to cover them in further depth in their own video that should be coming up next. This video was mostly meant to sum up the Northern Ethiopian Frontier, establish the Mahdists, and Ethiopia’s interesting new relation with the UK, Ras Alula’s promotion, and some of the relation between the Mahdists and Ethiopians.
    _Corrections:_
    There are a couple of corrections I feel I should make.
    Firstly, unlike what was shown on the map, _Ras_ Alula's controlled regions probably included influence in the Bogos area, ceded to Ethiopia as a result of the Hewett treaty. The extent of Ethiopian control in this region is debatable, and but it is very likely that they expanded their sphere of influence here.
    Secondly, I displayed _Ras_ Alula as being in absolute-control of his army during this battle - perhaps too much. The reality seems to be that _Ras_ Alula's army was nowhere near as organized as shown in the battle, and to the contrary, Haggai Elrich, whose Political biography of _Ras_ Alula contains an account of the battle, displays it as far less organized. Many of the things that happened in the battle were apparently not exactly under _Ras_ Alula's orders. During the research and production of this video, I sadly did not have access to Elrich's full political biography, only a preview of it which I referenced for my Gura and Gondet videos.
    In reading the work now, it becomes evident that the entire political situation is far more complex than represented, and it is unfortunate that I didn't realize this beforehand. Essentially, it seems that Mahdist influence had in general greatly increased, threatning Alula's trade routes to and from Massawa (pro-mahdist clans made a habit of harassing his trade lines). Alula therefore seems to not have been as concerned with relieving the fort and city as otherwise would've been - his attention was caught elsewhere. This is why plans ultimately fell through, and why Kassala ultimately fell - he turned his attention to it too late. The entire situation will be re-covered at some point in the future.
    _My sources:_
    Sources:
    Cambridge History of Africa
    UNESCO general history of Africa
    A Military History of Modern Egypt: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War - By Andrew James McGregor
    Modern Abyssinia - By Augustus Blandy Wylde
    The Southern Marches of Imperial Ethiopia: Essays in History
    Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia
    Firearms and Princely Power in Ethiopia in the Nineteenth Century
    A Contemporary Biography of Ras Alula: A Ge'ez Manuscript from Mänäwē, Tämbēn--I
    Osprey Publishing - Khartoum
    Encyclopedia of African Colonial Conflicts [2 volumes] - Timothy J. Stapleton
    Mahdiism and the Egyptian Sudan
    Being an Account of the Rise and Progress of Mahdiism and of Subsequent Events in the Sudan to the Present Time - Reginald Windgate
    Lords of the Red Sea: The History of a Red Sea Society from the Sixteenth to Ninteenth Centuries - Anthony D'Avry
    _An Interesting Primary Source:_
    Finally, I’d like to add the following to this comment. I had intended to add this to the video, but decided it was too long. Regardless, it is interesting.
    From the base at Kufit, a Mustafa Hadal, a major Mahdist leader, sent the following letter to Ras Alula:
    "From the slave of god and faithful Mustafa Hadal, to the king of infidels, to Ras Alula and his Devil, and to Mussa Mohammed, Chief of the Beni-Amir tribe, to all notables, and to each and every man of you.
    In the name of god, etc-This is to tell you that I know you said you would bring English troops to fight against the servants of the prophet. But all your sayings are a delusion. They have not come, and now you say you will fight me with an Abyssinian army; but in this you cannot succeed.
    The emir of emirs, Osman Abu Bakr Digna, has now decided to conquer every province; he came to Kassala, where all the inhabitants joined him, and now we have come down to the hills in your neighborhood. Therefore come out and meet us. Do not delay, but if you cannot come and are afraid, then let me know by the bearer of this and I will come to you with my ansar, and will fall upon you and utterly exterminate and destroy you and all those who do not believe in god and his prophet, and all your souls shall go down straightway to hell."

    • @entertainmentprime101
      @entertainmentprime101 5 років тому +2

      Hey This was very well done thank you for telling my history. The drawings the sound was perfect i bet it was really hard to do so thank you. I wish this channel blows up. Subbed!

    • @forceforgood4669
      @forceforgood4669 3 роки тому +1

      Erlich documents the British adjuncts impressions of Alula. The British were anxious to save their besieged Egyptian subjects in Kassala and desperately needed Alula intervention. While Alula was anxious about the Italian incursion through Massawa and was calculatingly seeking British support to stop the advance, both diplomatically and by providing ammunition. Alula had no interest to fight mahdists, even though Yohannes had a pact with the British. It was an alliance of differing objectives. Alula only went to war when the Mahdists directly threatened to fight him.

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  3 роки тому +1

      @@forceforgood4669 yep, discussed it in the last part of the comment

  • @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155
    @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155 5 років тому +5

    You have Best channel on Africa Battles an Warfare in Great Detail very Educational an Honorable Love your Work keep it Coming my Brotha

  • @abenezerethiopiawi
    @abenezerethiopiawi 4 роки тому +3

    this channel is underrated.

  • @CELane-zv6uj
    @CELane-zv6uj Рік тому

    Wow just discovered this channel while searching details on the shotel. You are doing great work and I look forward to seeing more of your videos!

  • @bearingaway3136
    @bearingaway3136 5 років тому +1

    Great video, it's nice to see topics like these covered, especially in such a good style :)

  • @CatotheE
    @CatotheE 10 місяців тому

    Now this is what I like to see! People rarely talk about this part of history.

  • @draco_1876
    @draco_1876 5 років тому +11

    Can you do a video on african martial arts and african mettallurgy.

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  5 років тому +6

      Metallurgy is definitely a subject that has been in my mind for some point. Martial arts would certainly be an interesting idea aswell!

  • @eruditootidure2611
    @eruditootidure2611 5 років тому +1

    Great job on the editing, this looks like it could have been made by a team of editors!

  • @chasemurraychristopherdola7108
    @chasemurraychristopherdola7108 4 роки тому +4

    I would love to see videos on the war between the Adll sultanate supported by the Ottoman Empire and the Ethiopian empire supported by the Portuguese empire

  • @thefutureoftigrigna7665
    @thefutureoftigrigna7665 3 роки тому

    This is so interesting thank you 🙏🏿

  • @theghosthero6173
    @theghosthero6173 5 років тому

    Very well made video my dude

  • @hayet5854
    @hayet5854 5 років тому +15

    Also the "forcing" Muslims to convert to Christianity is made to dehumanise Yohannes. During the battle with Egypt all the Muslims in his kingdom betrayed him, including imam Mohamed ali. After the battle was done Yohannes ordered imam Mohamed to ether convert to Christianity or be removed as the governor of that province, he converted o Christianity and changed his name to mikael and became king mikael of wollo, so mikael then ordered the Muslims of wollo to revert to Christianity who were forcefully converted to Islam during the imam Ahmed grign era. Yohannes also chased away the Muslim population of tigray (his homeland) known as jeberti, they were also converted to Islam by force during the imam Ahmed grign era and they also conspired to kill Yohannes working with Muslim Egyptians. Prior to that they were living peacefully.

    • @abduugas
      @abduugas 4 роки тому +2

      Ananas You’re doing a lot of whitewashing and revisionist history.

    • @abduugas
      @abduugas 4 роки тому +1

      Zere Muslimawi I understand how you feel being from the Ogaden, but I don’t think it’s necessary to demean the OP. We should try to be civil.

    • @abduugas
      @abduugas 4 роки тому +1

      Zere Muslimawi No, I was saying I’m from Ogaden or Western Somaliland.

  • @mal1khh397
    @mal1khh397 5 років тому

    Another good video

  • @thenubiangeographic
    @thenubiangeographic 3 роки тому +1

    This is a very informative video. - Al Mahdi Dynasty

  • @Amudajkon
    @Amudajkon 4 роки тому

    MUY BUEN VIDEO. GRACIAS, MUCHAS GRACIAS POR COMPARTIR LA HISTORIA DE ETIOPÍA DE FORMA AMENA E ILUSTRADA. Gracias por habilitar subtítulos en ESPAÑOL. Saludos desde Barinas, VENEZUELA.

  • @Foc141
    @Foc141 3 роки тому

    Bro ur amazing

  • @arsalafi1829
    @arsalafi1829 3 роки тому

    Very interesting

  • @ebenezeradhanom
    @ebenezeradhanom 4 роки тому +2

    Ras Alula 🦁

  • @samieyob8353
    @samieyob8353 8 місяців тому

    Great King Yohannes and Ras Alula 👑👑

  • @shockhouser3171
    @shockhouser3171 5 років тому +15

    U cant hate Ethiopia

    • @marks8417
      @marks8417 4 роки тому +2

      South Sudanese People: Are you sure about that?

    • @fe7264
      @fe7264 4 роки тому +3

      @@marks8417 - Why do South Sudanese hate Ethiopia? They helped them get independence.

    • @marks8417
      @marks8417 4 роки тому

      @@fe7264 I meant the Shilluk they were technically South Sudanese

    • @abduugas
      @abduugas 4 роки тому

      shock houser This comment can only come from someone whose ignorant of the countries atrocities.

    • @fe7264
      @fe7264 4 роки тому

      Abdu Ugas - you can practically say that about every country at some point in time

  • @user-mq6qv6bi2g
    @user-mq6qv6bi2g 4 роки тому

    cool graphics.

  • @MegaTang1234
    @MegaTang1234 4 роки тому

    Neat!

  • @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155
    @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155 5 років тому

    To Be Continue

  • @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155
    @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155 4 роки тому

    Is There Second part too Madist War you never did second part The Southern part of Madist War

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  4 роки тому +1

      Simply because I have not yet made a video on something does not mean I don't intend to in the future. Each video I produce takes literal months worth of time.

    • @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155
      @greatnilemedjaywarrior3155 4 роки тому

      @@hiddenhist okay my friend Thank You Alot 🙏🏾

    • @fe7264
      @fe7264 4 роки тому

      @@greatnilemedjaywarrior3155 - What Southern part?

  • @hayet5854
    @hayet5854 5 років тому +8

    Hiddenhistory when the battle of gallabat was happening, emperor Yohannes is was victorious, but since Yohannes taunted menelik that if he ended up victorious at gallabat he would come back and kill him. This was because king mikael, king menelik and king tekle haymanot where told to defend gondar, while Yohannes was negotiating with Italy to live and engaging in battles like battle of dogali, but all three ignored this at least tekle haymanot went there but quickly came back after a little skirmish. So at gallabat Yohannes was assassinated by shewa troops to avoid a battle between Yohannes and menelik, 1st the bullet came from his army direction, 2nd the mahdist were already defeated and left gallabat even the troops who were almost half gathered from Gondar started the looting and burning mosques of gallabat as a revenge and finally while Yohannes was being escorted mahdist army who were definitely told by informants (from shewa) knew exactly where emperor Yohannes dead body was and that's where they beheaded his lifeless body. After that battle the army of ethnic tigre (Tigrinya speakers) found half of their land under menelik and half of their land under Italy. Menelik also took credit of the death of Yohannes on his biography stating "Yohannes didn't die in the hands of mahdists." Menelik always claimed he is the real emperor, even during the tewodros ii era that he is the rightful heir to the throne, since he was Solomonic by his father side opposing to Yohannes by his mother side, in our culture your father family members are closer to you than mother side. Amazing video tho.

    • @ismail1110
      @ismail1110 5 років тому +5

      Crazy how you write this as if it's facts, ofcours the ethiopians won't admit that their king was killed by the mahdis.

    • @entertainmentprime101
      @entertainmentprime101 5 років тому +3

      @@ismail1110 He was dead before he was beheaded but the thing is ananas is telling a lie menelik did not help much because he was busy down south. The mahdists were completely destroyed it is known

    • @ismail1110
      @ismail1110 5 років тому +1

      @@entertainmentprime101
      Absolutely no proof of what you are saying. Don't just bring stories and rumours you need proof and facts.

    • @entertainmentprime101
      @entertainmentprime101 5 років тому +5

      @@ismail1110 Sorry but i'm Ethiopian i don't have to make up stuff to be proud of my history. You can read any history book. If we were defeated why are tigray and amhara regions more than 85% christian you guys did not tolerate any difference at that time. The victory is evident in our present day border and culture

    • @ismail1110
      @ismail1110 5 років тому +1

      @@entertainmentprime101
      We are not talking about who won here, we are talking about who killed the Ethiopian king. You have to understand Sudan mahdis were fighting Egyptian, Britain armys at that time only a small part of the mahdis army of the East were fighting the Ethiopians and they still managed to do alot of damage.

  • @UNORTHDOCX
    @UNORTHDOCX 6 місяців тому

    my old man told me our foreather came from the north down into oromia (jimma) in the late 1800s possibly as a muslim missionary. this channel has been a cherr on the top of cake in learning my entire history as an Israelite from modern day ethiopia so yea

  • @heynawarsame2242
    @heynawarsame2242 5 років тому +1

    Adal-abbysinain war next?

  • @Gejeraw
    @Gejeraw 15 днів тому

    Mahadist war British egypt and suda together with ethiopia we ethiopian always won but we lost our king Yohanes the battel of Metema

  • @djkalidify
    @djkalidify Рік тому

    The real complete history of the War and the victory is not correct, how about the death of Emperor Yuhanis the IV ....?
    Need to check the documentation and mention the right history once again.

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  Рік тому

      Series: a sequence of objects which are presented according to some sort of continuous relationship between the set. Here, a series of videos which build on each other for a narrative. I hope that definition of a basic concept is helpful to you.

  • @alaagoni8227
    @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому

    Kalifa Abdalla in his letter to Osman Digna never said Ethiopians, he said Abyssinian , get things straight , that before Menelik ll

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  3 роки тому +1

      That was the name they used for the region. The Greeks still were talking about Iran when they said Persia, and "kumat" when they said egypt...

    • @alaagoni8227
      @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому

      @@hiddenhist well, you talk about history , right ? Then why you changed the name in the letter ? If you said Abyssinia, ( Habasha, ) , everybody would know what you're talking about, cause everybody has access to Internet has some kind of education ,

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  3 роки тому +1

      @@alaagoni8227 aren't you the one saying I should be historically accurate? Terms like "habasha" and "Abyssinian" are extremely historically fluid and are not at really used like how they were historically today. at least for "Ethiopia", I can easily clarify that I intend to denote (a political unit and empire) without lengthy explanations of ethnic denotion &ct. And, of course, it's more accurate.

    • @alaagoni8227
      @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому

      @@hiddenhist habasha is the name still used by people in the area, middle eastern, Sudanese, Somali and still use it, Abyssinia is the name before Menelik ll

    • @alaagoni8227
      @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому

      @@hiddenhist Sudan at that time called Mahadist State, and Ethiopian was Abyssinia, why you say Mahadist not Sudan ? 😂😂😂😂😂 when it comes to Abyssinia you say Ethiopian Mr, accurate

  • @donjon6244
    @donjon6244 5 років тому +4

    God bless mahdists

    • @samieyob8353
      @samieyob8353 8 місяців тому

      God blessed King Yohannes Sons Of God Who made more than 3 millions people from muslim and pagan To Christianity 🙏🙏🙏

  • @alaagoni8227
    @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому +1

    This was not real war, it was a battle between Abyssinia and regional army of Osman Digna, not Mahadist army , the real war was Battle of Gallabat, when Abyssinians allied with Egyptians and English against Sudan or Mahadia State , Mahadist sacked them,

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  3 роки тому +3

      This was part of the mahdist war, which is a term that already covers a number of different conflicts, often only really regional in scope.

    • @alaagoni8227
      @alaagoni8227 3 роки тому +2

      @@hiddenhist this is not part of Mahadist war, this is history of Ethiopia, the narrator adopted Ethiopians story about what happened, he is mocking Mahadist that they will not have a chance against Abyssinians and the funny thing he was talking about the very war that Mahadist sacked Abyssinians😁😁😁😁😁😁 , he said Mahadist won by luck, he didn't even say won, well, two bullets not one that killed king of Abyssinians, that was not a luck, 150,000 against 80,000 , and Ethiopians ran away, that was not a luck, nobody knows the real casualties, but everybody knows the result of that war, even if Mahadist suffered heavy casualties so what ? It was war what do you except? The numbers of Abyssinians to Mahadist almost( 2:1 ) ,but historians says no real records about numbers of casualties, all agreed on the result and Mahadist stood their ground,

  • @darkzi1431
    @darkzi1431 4 роки тому +5

    This guy has a bias against the mahadist, why don't you show the battle of gallabat where the Ethiopian king Yohannis III got killed and the army subsequently defeated

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  4 роки тому +10

      Because this is a narrative series centered around Ethiopia, not the Mahdists, and if you bothered to check, you'd see the narrative has only gotten to 1886. As in, I haven't yet had a chance to discuss Gallabat, which happened in 1889. Here's a hint: just because I only cover a society once, and that coverage happens to be a defeat, doesn't mean I have some kind of 'bias' against that society.

    • @darkzi1431
      @darkzi1431 4 роки тому

      Yet it's been 8 months and you have not uploaded a following video about other battles, the battle of gallabat is literally between ethiopia and the mahadist so it is centred around ethiopia, you just implying that because the mahadist won the battle of gallabat that it shouldn't be in a narrative video "centred around ethiopia" is the meaning of bias, showing that you are kind off censoring the other details about the wars to come. Even in the end it seemed that you brush of later defeats of the ethipians against the mahadist, as well as not taking into account that the mahadist were fighting in other fronts against Egypt.

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  4 роки тому +8

      The purpose of this series is to cover the history of Ethiopia, not Sudan.
      Again, if you paid attention, you'd see that the narrative has turned to focus on Menelik and his southern campaigns, and is currently in the year 1886. Gallabat, again, was in 1889, meaning I won't cover it for a bit. The fact that I uploaded 8 months ago doesn't mean anything. Do you have any idea how long it takes to produce a video? No.
      While I am making steady progress towards Gallabat, I have not yet reached it. That in no way points to some 'bias against the Mahdists', which you've given no real evidence for. This wasn't an analytical video meant to explain why the Mahdists lost Kufit so I haven't 'forgotten to take into account' anything you mentioned, though one can debate how much Egyptian focus was even responsible for the Mahdist loss there anyway. This was a narrative video in a broader narrative on the history of Ethiopia up to 1889, and within that narrative was meant to:
      a) conclude the narrative thread of the Egyptian-Ethiopian war
      b) set up new European powers, give some understanding of their motivations and interests, and how they interracted with Yohannes
      c) set up some internal-Ethiopian threads, introduce Negus Tekle Haimanot and Menelik, alongside Menelik's future expansions which would be further covered in a back-tracking episode on Embabo, establish Alula's governship over the Mareb Mallesh
      d) set up the Mahdists as relevant to this series
      This series being 'centered around Ethiopia' doesn't mean I'm now biased - prejudiced in favor of Ethiopia in a way that impacts the accuracy of what I say. I'm trying to balance multiple different and complex developments and I have no interest in bringing in more by making this series about Ethiopia and the Mahdist state. Everything that I've mentioned - the loss of allies and lack of a British followup especially - will become relevant to a future video on Dogali, which itself will become relevant to a future video on Gallabat and its ramifications in Ethiopia.

    • @darkzi1431
      @darkzi1431 4 роки тому +2

      @@hiddenhist Then take my apologies, I will look forward to your other series if you do make them.

    • @danielabraham5901
      @danielabraham5901 4 роки тому +1

      @@darkzi1431 The only victory in Sudan's history!

  • @Hager330
    @Hager330 Рік тому

    You know nothing Jhon

    • @hiddenhist
      @hiddenhist  Рік тому +2

      This comment doesn't feel very relaxed man