5 Mysteries Science Created and Solved
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- Опубліковано 19 бер 2022
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Sometimes science creates a mystery, and it can be very difficult to solve! Join Hank for a fun new episode of SciShow about five mysteries started and later solved by science. Let's go!
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Sources:
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www.science.org/content/artic...
www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/10/3/65
• Higgs Bison reseach
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1:30 lol "Higgs Bison"
Wait, if the Higgs Boson is the "god particle" does that make the Higgs Bison the "holy cow?"
It is now!
A divine comedy! :D
cows are already holy :p
The Higgs Bison might actually be the ancestor of the cattle throughout the Indo-European cultures, which would mean it would be the basis of THE holy cow of India, Kamadhenu.
Bart Simpson would approve!
I can't express how much I love that they named it Higgs Bison 😂
It is great.
If you hadn’t said it, I was going to. The bison that gives matter mass. Who knew?
As science jokes go, top notch 😄
Now picture a spherical Higgs Bison in a vacuum.
And, they're so cute when they're small. 🥰
It’s pretty dope that some ancient artist painting the world around them on the wall of a cave would help humans living tens of thousands of years later see the world through their eyes and answer questions that they had no idea would be asked. That artist’s hobby had become an accidental time capsule.
+.
I love how cavemen helped solve a mystery thousands of years in the future. Science.
Yes and then I think of my art teacher " just adjust the shape to make the picture look better, nobody will know or care!" 10,000 years later "what exactly is that tree that used to grow on the north Pacific coast? Let's look at these art works we just dug up!"
@@lenabreijer1311iui iijuiiijijujuuuuuuuuiuiuuuuuuuuuuu too bbbbbobbb
Artist Child: see mom, I should get an art degree, because my art could unlock the mysteries of the world for generations to come.
@@now_waitaminute2453 cat on the keyboard?
4:21 on the left that's a soccer ball
Fun fact - the process of concretion which lead to the formation of the Klerksdorp spheres is similar to how kidney stones and bladder stones form! That's why they also often look unnaturally round with perfect concentric layers
Palaeontologists still taste fossils plenty. The lick test is well respected for separating fossils from rocks.
*what* how can they tell?
@@makeupdiaries6438 Fossils are generally significantly more porous than the rocks around them, so will instantly absorb saliva and feel try on your tongue.
I haven’t done it myself, so can’t say much more than what I’ve heard.
It’s true; we also chew on bits of soil to discern silt and clay contents!
And sometimes rocks from rocks.
@@geologyjoerocks username checks out
Auroch: "Steppe Bison, what are you doing?"
And that, kids, is how the ancestor of European Bison came to be.
This is so dumb it made me chuckle :D
Came down to make that exact joke, glad to know I’m not the only one with an awful sense of humor lol
As soon as i heard It i literally looked for this comment.
steppe bison, i'm stuck between 2 rocks
6:12 "How are these communities surviving?"
Say it with me, "Life, uh, finds a way."
I love that some victorian thought they were getting to the end of science
then they found dinosaurs and they were like wtf
A similar thing happened right before someone (Max Plank I think) discovered quantum mechanics.
victorian scientist: "I think we're just about done with understanding life"
some dude in oxfordshire: "hey check out this femur"
scientist "what in the goddamn-"
Whatever scientist first typed "Higgs Bison" probably spent the next few hours on the ground rolling in laughter thinking he made the best science pun ever, then a few days later when every UA-camr was repeating it it happened to him again. That's brilliant. Why can you say Arctic but say Antartica instead of Antarctica?
I was taught to pronounce it Antarctica...?
@@MrAdryan1603 Me too.
"antarctica", pronounced as spelled, is a clunky word, and when people have to say clunky word often they tend to smooth it out into something easier to pronounce (e.g. "antartica")
@@20firebird Americans who speak English do that but that is not universal, some cultures enunciate those clunky letters harder leading to languages with heavily thunked or rolled consonants for emphatic effect so other people will hear and repeat them. Try to speak German for example and slur out or mutter or omit a letter... No they do the opposite they emphasize it to the point that if you've never spoken it will hurt your mouth to try to sound like them. So yes you pronounce the c, if you're pronouncing it correctly, and pronounce it with enough emphasis that other people hear it and don't omit it when they repeat it.
Some people don't get much practice using gutterals, if their language doesn't require it. Same with rolling one's rrrrrrs.
Imagine being so strong that you can survive being frozen and thawed multiple times without a care in the world and don't need to eat anything but AIR.
That's pretty badass!
Or you could be the aquatic equivalent: _Spicoli Ridgemontus,_ which, in order to survive, only "needs some tasty waves, a cool buzz, and I'm fine."
I can never remember where I got this quote from. but it has remained with me. Science is not just about finding answers, but also finding new questions
When I was a postdoc in biological chemistry at Berkeley, one of the professors, the late great Allan Wilson (his team discovered the Mitochondria Eve), had stored samples of both quagga (an extinct zebra species) and mammoth in our research building's walk-in freezer (yes, freezer, not fridge). A fellow researcher (a grad student) and I used to joke about sneaking in one night, taking a sample of the mammoth, cooking it, and then claiming to be the only people on earth to know that taste of mammoth. Obviously, we never did it, but it was fun to fantasize about.
I love that Higgs bison may just be ancient beefaloo.
1:48 what are you doing, steppe bison?
said the auroch
Klerksdorp Spheres: Anyone else looking at those and seeing Cricket balls? I wonder if they inspired Douglas Adams to write that every intelligent species in the universe has created a variant of the game Cricket.
EDIT: I was getting muddled up with Gin & Tonic. Earth was the only planet to think that turning the events of an attempted galactic massacre by the inhabitants of the planet Krikkit into a game. Clearly I'm due a re-read!
On Babylon 5, the big question was why do all intelligent species have a food that looks and tastes like Swedish Meatballs?
I saw the thumbnail and thought "okay, what's up with cricket balls?" :P
I thought that was Gin & Tonics.
@@AccidentalNinja well, everyone needs something to hate.
@@AccidentalNinja Oh, silly me! Yes, you're right! I was getting muddled up. Earth is the only planet to think it suitable to turn the events of the Krikkit attack on the galaxy into a game. My bad!
"We should avoid eating the discoveries" Words to live by.
a cowards words
Charles Darwin is rolling in his grave right now.
dutch sailors:
Yo we solved Tanystropheus!!! I love that guy, seeing him in dinosaur safari was crazy. Neck so long, hanging over the water like a stork. I wish they'd remake the game with updated portrayals of the Beasts
The mammoth meat story just made me holler out loud: "CAN YOU LICK THE SCIENCE?"
I kinda figured the spheres were just weird crystals. Pyrite tends to grow in cubes. With the right conditions uncut pyrite can look man-made
I'm envisioning talented artists painting on animal skins thousands of years ago, and the art society at the time would tell the less talented artists that they weren't good enough yet and "Go practice in the caves". The skins decomposed and the rest is history.
Ima find a mysterious porcine species and call it the Hoggs Boson.
😭
Did you just skip over the possibility that vast numbers of the bacteria from Antarctica could help scrub/sequester green-house gasses from the air? Do they exist in Arctic soils? Could they be introduced? What are their waste products? Charcoal briquettes? Simple organic compounds that can be turned into carbon-neutral fuels? Talk about science causing more questions!
i think they made a video about this once
And a number of viruses that could be 5x worst than Covid-19 lol.
@@jacobscanlon4875 if a virus is geared towards infecting refrigerated bacteria then it it _not_ going to be able to jump to humans. That's an even bigger leap than if you jumped from eating cows to eating oak trees.
Yes but that's not what I'm on about there a many frozen viruses that can still be revived in Antarctica
I was just thiking that would help solve the carbon emissions crisis
The Martian blueberries are interesting, studied them briefly while at University doing a Planetary geology course. The main 2 hypothesis regarding their formation are, firstly concretions like the stones in this video, possibly formed from volcanic fluids or periodic seasonal melt of sub surface ice, the issue is that none of them have any evidence (at least as of 2020) of concentric rings, indicative of concretions, also they are only found (so far by various Mars missions, including ones that have drilled a few ft in to the regolith and studied cliff faces) on the very surface of the planet, they also appear to be concentrated in long elliptical shapes on the surface, some scientists think they may be melted blebs of meteorite that intercepted the planet at a very low angle and heated up in the atmosphere for a long period of time allowing high temperatures in such a thin atmosphere, they also only seem to be a very limited range in diameter which some papers say may be because the melted meteorite would break apart preferably to a size somewhere between 0.5 and 2 cm due to the atmosphere/air resistance, surface tension of the blebs and instability at greater diameters when spinning. Not to mention that a few similar sized objects appear to have hit a Mars Rover from above leaving dents and one apparent blueberry was seen on top of the Rover by its on board camer. A video on this would be cool. (Currently don't have access to the papers I read, I will add references if I can find them again, I know, bad science practices, hopefully have them saved somewhere on my old Laptop)
fingers crossed for the references
PUTIN-SUPPORTING Americans do exist and get covered by UA-camr Telltale, among many other problems-needing-attention.
Locating the higgs bison is cool and all, but I'll be far more excited if I can use it to generate a Bison field by surrounding myself with crystallized tulips that lets me teleport through space and/or time.
Concretions can also occur in your eyelid, but in no way do they look like Klerksdorp Spheres. If you pull your lid down and see a whitish bump, that's a concretion in Ophthalmology. They're benign, but can interfere with your tear film, and if big enough they can be annoying enough to necessitate removal. I've had them and they just used the stick end of a swab to "scrape them off". But if too big then excision would be needed.
Do you know if they can occur on the upper eyelid?
Are they called styes?
Is this condition different than chalazion?
The one about the microbes living in the Arctic tundra - it seems that no matter how unpromising the conditions, if there is ANY source which could provide basic nutrients, some lifeform will adapt to make use of it, and create a livable niche for itself.
(microbe 1) "Look around you, Pete; there's no humus in the soil, everything freezes solid for months on end, and some clot keeps forgetting to pay his electricity bill, so the lights keep going off for months at a stretch, and photosynthesis wouldn't keep a virus alive, let alone us. What a no-hope DUMP, eh?"
(microbe 2) "Yeah, but that's exactly why there's no urban sprawl, Harv! There's plenty of space, lots of air with carbon, and hydrogen,and stuff - once we've cracked how to extract it, we're home free. I mean, where's the competition for living space, eh? You want to build yourself a split level ranch-style hole in the ground, with your own bowling alley, a six-car garage, and a half-acre pool out the back, who's going to even NOTICE, let alone complain?"
I can't believe I exist in the same time as Bill Nye and Hank Green
Bill Nye is a liberal sellout
If microbes can eat air, then lays can claim that their bags are full of 100% food.
Fascinating! If there are more stories like this, I’d love to see a sequel!
As a South African, the way he pronounced Klerksdorp is very amusing to me.
Reminded of a quote watching the start of the video and I suspect the writers know it... "that's why we're out here - not just in search of answers, but in search of new questions" - Ben Sisko
You looked so pleased with “Higgs Bison” and it was adorable!
"Which ancient animals taste the best... "😂
"Possibly we should avoid eating the discoveries "
The base premise of this video is the reason I'm so fascinated by science and keep studying.
I love your attempt at pronouncing "klerksdorp". It is funny, I live in Klerksdorp and have never knew the klerksdorp ball existed.
"a hybrid between steppe bison" I heard that as "step-bison" and was very confused for a second or two.
Thanks for the mention of The Explorers Club, one of the great old societies of like minded individuals who push the frontiers of many sciences. At the annual dinner which is coming up, we look forward to eating many alternative proteins prepared by one of the world's leading Insect Chefs David George Gordon. My fav has been farm raised Tarantula in a Panko crust, it's quite similar to soft shell crab in texture.
I thought I wouldn’t like this video, but as soon as we got to cave paintings, I literally was screeching with excitement about these facts
“Help Step-Bison! I’m stuck in a mystery about my past!”
So the Explorer's Club is like the real life version of the Extinctionists from Artemis Fowl?
The Freshman, Marlon Brando and Matthew Broderick
Or the Epicurean Club from Neil Gaiman's "Sunbird."
At a farm (if that's what you'd call it) that is working on "lab-grown meat", clone wooly mammoth cells and use them to grow meat without the need for a similar enough animal to give birth to a cloned baby animal.
One problem
The diet and lifestyle of an animal heavily affects how it tastes. Without introducing those factors, lab grown meat is effectively unrelated to the meat from the actual animal from a culinary standpoint.
Effectively, authentic mammoth meat (at least fresh) will be an impossibility without also recreating the entire biome, and cloned meat would be even further removed
The Explorer’s Club story might be what inspired that Neil Gaiman story about the club that ate exotic and fantastical creatures until it killed them.
If you haven't seen it, I'd recommend the movie "The Freshman" with Matthew Broderick and Marlon Brando. It includes such a club
Imagine finding well preserved remains of a long gone animal and going “is it tasty?”
That's basically how humans colonized the planet. We are the ultimate omnivores.
Higgs Bison: Help Steppe Bison I'm stuck in a cave
Cavemen: Write that down! Write that Down!
Love when you do this style of video!
Always interesting, thanks.
Tasting your specimens was once much more common.
Egyptologists: I have never met that mummy before in my life.
These are my favorite types of videos on this channel!
Tanystropheous was really just god laughing hysterically...
Giant ground sloth... HUM!!! The steak that comes with its own mushrooms
Emanuel Kant called this "question propagation." "Every answer begets more questions."
Hank is damn good at this. Love these videos
An Elk Club friend invited our family to the annual wild game night years ago. Amongside many interesting dishes there I noted 'smoked wild boar'. I was amused; wild or domestic, it's still ham. There was turtle soup too. I don't recall if the type of turtle was stated, but after sampling I decided it was leatherback. I couldn't chew it.
Higgs Bison... This is why I love scientists!
Brilliant as always :)
klerksdorp sheres are non other than fossilized crickets balls obviously sent back in time by an advanced cricket loving nation
It's found in South Africa so it's either thrown a million times by Dale Steyn or sanded a thousand times by Australians.
The satisfaction that this video gives me! Specially the second point
Love these shows 😁
00:25 *astigmatism* MY EYES!!! 😵💫
That shirt is wild!
imagine paying 10 grand for an exclusive deluxe meal that advertised exotic meat, and getting served termites
2:33 “What are you doing Steppe Bison?”
okay is it actually called the Higgs Bison? that's absolutely brilliant lmao
"Oh no steppe bison, i'm stuck!"
There is a story from Russia, possibly "The Gulag Archipelago" by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, about some forced laborers who came across salamanders frozen in the Siberian Arctic permafrost.
"They dined on the salamanders with relish," according to Solzhenitsyn.
The point being, these men were starving.
Unfortunately anthrax has also been found in frozen reindeer in Siberia.
Gulags wernt/arnt holiday resorts!
Cool stuff!
2:37 Auroch be like: what are you doing steppe bison?
"What are you doing Steppe Bison?"
Hank, no wonder you’re so popular. In every way, you’re the perfect teacher for this job.
I haven't laughed so hard in a while, higgs bison epic bro. 🤣
They ate the mummies in Egypt, but don't take my word for it!
now i have a new favorite dinosaur: tanystropheus.
Higgs Bison made me chuckle, I love the pun.
I was studiing geology in Czech republic, and one of our old paleontology professors also claimed, that when they went to Siberia for a research in the 1960-1970 (or later), they ate mammoth meat. To spice up the story, later he was told that it was quite dangerous to eat mammoth meat, because it had some kind of pathogen (bacteria or virus) that was potentially life threatening. Fortunatelly nothing happened to them, but still to this day i dont know if he told us the truth or just wanted to be funny.
Of course he would be fine. We hunted mammoths and eat them.
@@du5707 not we, our geologiically recent relatives
some imunologic properties may remain in a population if we revisit the risks every now and then, such as the common cold
but others may fade as we no longer need them, such as the plague, no modern human has any sort of resistence
so it is pretty dangerous to assume we could do something just because a few humans did it a couple thousand years ago xD
@@RadeticDaniel nah, I can assure you modern human are immunological stronger than ever having been exposed to every ecosystem on earth than ever before. An ancient virus will find an advance and well prepared immune response.
@@du5707 and there is the falacy that newer means better... something that once went extinct is not harmless to modern life forms just becausee we are newer. We are good and ready for today, not for all of existence.
Global temperatures, oxigenation levels, water ph levels, every species alive is adapted to what we have now. Same goes for imune systems, old means it didn't work back then, not that we all remember how to avoid it or kept the needed tools.
@@du5707 and on a side note on "every ecosystem on the world", homogeneity is far more prone to weekness than strength when it comes to adaptability.
It is at the core argument against using GMOs in farming and what got the Gros Michel Banana nearly extinct in a similar case to what humanity has been living in the past couple years
The microbes that were consuming trace gases from the air: what did they exhale/excrete?
Great interesting video
"Higs bison" is the best species nickname I've ever heard
Science is at it's best when it's raising questions.
Science is that it's worst when it's raising the dead.
I disagree tbh. If humans can revive species that were wiped out by us or because of us, I think we should.
Raise the dead~🧟♂️
thats what YOU say
Hank's really rockin' the dad bod!
I think we’ve established that it’s always a good idea to lick the science.
Why does the Megatherium look like a bear trying to disguise itself by wearing a cheap Halloween costume of a Sid from Ice Age? 10:40
Can confirm tasting has been a part of archaeology. We make the joke when someone new (or sometimes not) asks "Is this bone?" We say "I dunno, lick it and find out!"
Now then, when are we going to clone wooly mammoths?
Long neck, Aquatic, lived in Europe. Bro they found the Loch Ness monster.
There was an episode of Northern Exposure about eating wooly mammoth meat.
People be losing it over Higgs Bison when I’m over here finally learning what the blitzball team in FFX was named after
Love you hank!
Aurochs: W-what are you doing, steppe-bison?
Tanystropheus was almost definitely not aquatic in the slightest beyond the occasional swim, but the rest of the video is good
It's more accurate to call it a living fishingrod
Antarctic Microbes be singing:
"Believe it or not, I'm living on air. I never thought I could feel so free-ee-ee."
Auroch: "What are you doing steppe bison?"
Knew about the Explorer's Club Dinner and Tanystropheus already from other sources. Had never heard of the other three.
Nice shirt. The symmetry of those buttons😘
This was a very interesting video
I can't wait until they clone mammoths because I really want to know what they taste like!
That mammoth must of had some serious freezer burn
I heard young limestone has been discovered cased in much older rock and that many types of rock may actually be capable of aging much faster than we think. Maybe that’s why the spheres were hiding inside older rock?
And your point is? Do you suggest aliens made them a mere million years ago?
@@eljanrimsa5843 yeesh I never said that. I just remember watching a different episode about the rocks I just don’t recall the exact wording. I’m saying there might be an explanation that we’ve already touched on scientifically but haven’t connected to it yet
@@keyiahmcclain4229 I would agree, if the question was why is there younger rock inside older rock. But the question is: Why are there perfectly rounded spheres of rock? The argument with the age of the embedding rock was just to make clear the rocks are way too old to be formed by ancient humans.
@@eljanrimsa5843 idk why you’re so set on arguing and being low key rude by putting words in my mouth. I’m not at all saying the information I heard on a different episode is a definite explanation for this. It just reminded me of it because like he said those orbs were found inside rock much older than the balls. Not once did I say it was aliens or ancient people yeesh.. I’m not sure you even read my comment correctly if you think that’s what I was saying. I literally was talking about the rocks aging and forming naturally
@@keyiahmcclain4229 ah, you must have misheard or misreembered then, because I see the source of confusion now: Hank in the video doesn't say the balls themselves were in "much older rock [than the balls themselves]", he just says they're in rock billions of years old, which means they predated all known life on Earth. Including humans.
In other words: there is no indication that there is a difference in age between these rocks and what they are embedded in, but there IS the logical implication that they were extremely unlikely to be formed by anything alive let alone humans, and therefore it was already reasonable to expect there was a purely geological process behind them. Which there is - they are a type of geological product called a concretion, and we know how concretions like that form.
As for the "young" limestone supposedly in older rock... I could be recalling incorrectly myself, but I believe limestone is somewhat water soluble, is it not? I know that limestone caves are a thing, at least, typically eroded out by water. I could easily imagine dissolved minerals like that flowing into cracks and crevices.
In fact, earlier this year, they figured out that was one of the reasons the old Roman recipe for concrete is superior to modern ones: the ancient Roman recipe used saltwater instead of fresh water, and included quicklime, which would react with the saltwater to create water soluble chunks that, if cracks ever developed yo let moisture in, would dissolve and fill in some of those gaps, basically making the concrete self-repairing. (Which explains why structures built with it by the Roman Empire are still standing in a lot of locations, while modern concrete tends to crack after a few decades)
Anybody else get a “futurama” flashback with Bender’s Oktoberfest Mammoth Sausage?
Aurochs be like: "What are you doing Steppe Bison??"
@2:38 caption writer misspelled "aurochs," omitting the final S.