Rift! Geologic Clues to What’s Tearing Africa Apart
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- Опубліковано 7 тра 2014
- East Africa is one of the most geologically intriguing places on the planet-a place where the African continent is literally ripping apart. Deep rift valleys, active volcanoes, and hot springs are dramatic evidence for the powerful forces deep within the earth that are slowly reshaping the continent. Join geochemist David Hilton on an adventure to the East African Rift Valley and learn how he and his colleagues utilize geologic samples to understand this dynamic region of our planet. [5/2014] [Show ID: 27844]
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My love of geology, rocks, minerals and nature go back to my childhood days when being poor. I had to find something to do so anything nature, I gravitated to. Rocks were so fascinating to me. I could sit for hours and study their composition, shapes and textures even though I didn't know much of anything at that age. This is so fascinating and so informative and I thank you for its content.
Best video about East Africa tectonics. He is talking so everyone can understand.
Loved this presentation ! Very informative and he kept me interested in a subject I had assumed , would put me to sleep. I look forward to following his work and hope he can get enough heat from magma to cook a hot dog to go with the local beer ......
Beautiful lecture(er). You can see the speech skills of this guy how he explains everything to the regular public with simple terms and great slides.
Nice lecture
@gary barr no he or she liked a person able to take great quantities of info and illustrate highlights and make many interested in learning more. silly!
i dont mean to be offtopic but does any of you know a method to log back into an Instagram account..?
I somehow lost my password. I would love any tricks you can offer me
@Karsyn Avery instablaster ;)
@Hayden Alvaro i really appreciate your reply. I got to the site thru google and im in the hacking process atm.
I see it takes quite some time so I will get back to you later when my account password hopefully is recovered.
Interesting lecture. Thnx
I have watched this three times and every time I learn something new. Thanks UC TV
Selling snow in Greenland. Fake News. That continent is the fulcrum of the Earth its galactic center. Eons of expansion and contraction . No split
@@samynzita2923 Interesting, any links to any thing supporting this ? I like this theory.
@@zGJungle no, there would be no links to any studies supporting that ... concept. I wouldn't even deign to call it a hypothesis, much less a theory like you call it! It's very, very far from a theory!
@@samynzita2923 woo spirit science hoakum nonsense. 🙄
Wonderful lecture! I really enjoyed this video!! The graphs and charts were very illustrative.
Amazing. Spoken clearly and in a manner that I could understand. The information was presented very well. Thank you so much I would I've to hear more from him.
@@guff9567 Please shut up.
Wonderfully explained about Rift Valley of east Africa
EXCELLENT PRESENTATION PRESENTOR! THANK YOU
Wonderful presentation.
Thank you so much.
good explanation, thanks
I love this lecture. I particularly like hearing the description of our understanding of the structure of the earth and how we "think" it is run by mantle plumes. Obviously I am not here to promote any other theories, I simply enjoy hearing that we dont necessarily know for sure; it's just our best proposed theory.
Good study on the formation of rifts and creation of new oceans. Very informative.
Beautiful lecture. I like it
Wonderfully clear presentation. Thank you.
It's happening now. Large cracks have appeared on the surface.
Thanks for the insights
Just pull your pants up a bit. It'll hide the large crack.
Thank you for your educational contributions
A great lecture by great people.
Very interesting lecture, one thing to note is that from the maps shown, this rift seems very close to where anthropologists place the origins of the human race in East Africa.
That's because it's where they have found the earliest remains. This area because of the uplifted areas are the easiest area to search for bones that were very deep,but are now at the surface. So this area is the most searched.
A theory that has unfortunately been thoroughly debunked through genetic testing. More likely that human life started in Australia at this point.
@@catymarvelous1226 what nonsense wheres your proof
Until the brits decided to claim yet more land the aboriginal people live there and with much lower sea levels it's been shown how man travelled into Australia
@@catymarvelous1226 your claims of "debunk" are in reality simply *bunk,* instead, LOL! There's several resources on here to help you see the lies you've been fed for what they are. I suggest Gutsick Gibbon for a start. As a primatologist, she has incredible knowledge of the history of man.
Also see North02, and Stephen Milo, as well as multiple universities' own channels. Whoever told you the Out of Africa theory has been debunked has simply lied to you. I'm sorry, but it's true.
Very interesting. Thank you. Old Mother Earth. What a place. Full of surprises. Not sitting around on her duff interacting on Facebook.
😊✨Yes.
like us
@@barbarawarner1442 fiiij. Amen
Aye Aye couldn’t have said it better!!😉
Thanks for this.Great lecture
I was just driving past Ol Doinyo Lengai, very interesting to learn more about it in this lecture.
One of the questions regarded will Africa completely split apart. One of these rift systems was discovered underneath North America. The Great lakes are our evidence. The rifting was incomplete and stopped. Perhaps this might happen in Africa as well. Another area of spreading that was stopped is in Nevada. Just because there is rifting now does not mean that there will be rifting later.
Great Lakes were formed by glaciers. The New Madrid fault caused by Reelfoot Rift under the continent (where the North American split failed) has nothing to do with the Great Lakes. Weight and glaciers carving out the lobes produced the Great Lakes. I don’t think they filled completely until 3000 years ago which is basically yesterday.
@@alexburke1899 You are partially right, Alex, but there is convincing evidence for an incomplete rift known as the Mid-Continent rift nearly 1 billion years ago that curved through the current Great Lakes and then headed south through Minnesota, Iowa and part of Kansas. I'm not sure what role it played in the formation of the Great Lakes
I collect mantle xenoliths from all the world. I am mad about them. So beautiful...
Thanks for this beautiful lecture.
What an amazing thing to collect
What a fascinating field of research.
Fantastic presentation! Fascinating; and thoroughly enjoyable. Thank you!
it was boring. i had to put it on 125% speed and i still fell asleep half way thru. geology without growing Earth theory is lame. I wish all the PT geologists who occupy the seats of power in geology would put this African rift to good use by jumping in it.
Whoever did the editing did a GREAT job! I LOVE how the Q&A was edited!!!
Very interesting, I love these videos
I became quite familiar with Helium and Neon back when I took my first classes in Laser Technology. Mainly because we used Helium-Neon lasers for most of our work in that beginner class. :-)
I love you
Fascinating lecture.
Excellent video 👍
Science at its best :D
Fascinating lecture. I'd never considered the drifting super-plume before.
Would it be reasonable to draw a comparison in terms of fluid-dynamics, between the Coriolis effect in the atmosphere causing localised high-pressure areas to rise away from the gravitational centre of the earth? The lithosphere is a lot denser/more viscous fluid than the atmosphere, so the plumes would be slower on real time. As we have 'surface weather', then there may also be an equivalent sub-surface weather between the core and the crust, only on a geological timescale. (if you get my drift)
Sorry, you lost me after"Fascinating"
Sounds plausible, and is at least reasonable.
nlo1 14. Pun and question both appreciated. I, too, surmise this drift business has to do with that continental breakup from Pangeah to present.
3:33 The chain of volcanoes that runs along the roughly 6,000 kilometer (3,730 mile) long East African Rift System offers further testimony to the breaking apart of the continent. In some areas around the outer edges of the Rift System, the Earth's crust has already cracked open, making room for the magma below. From the Red Sea to Mozambique in the south, dozens of volcanoes have formed, the best known being Mt. Kilimanjaro and Mt. Nyiragongo.
wonderful lecture
And here we are 5 yrears and 3months later and the whole of central Africa is on fire!
I suspect that the theoretical "Super-Plume" is actually the same mantle upwelling that continued on after the oceanic plate spreading ridges subducted under the African Plate. This vast mantle upwelling mechanism, with its origin well below subduction, with commonality worldwide, fits the rift evidence better than the theoretical "Super-Plume."
You can project mantle upwelling phenomena onto other regions such as Baja California and the American Basin & Range Province; they're all divergent, and are associated with subducted spreading ridges. Indeed, Baja is proof that mantle upwelling continues after its spreading ridge subducts, rifting the over-riding plate, and forming a new spreading ridge.
Great work of pure science - excellent
BIG BIG BIG splash in the making !
Very descriptive and informative, even for the novice (such as myself).
\
Explained very simple but scientific based style
In india .....Now days where LIGO observatory is establishing in that area internal activities happening, in some area gases are seen and in this days sound like earthquake are going on
Interesting for sure. Clear presentation. I wonder how we get a carbon type vulcano so close, or inside of this super plume?
Oh look the comment section is full of pseudoscience, what a surprise.....
So you're saying Jesus didn't ride a dinosaur through the rift valley and walk on lava?! How dare you heathen!
I agree what a bunch of mental black holes.
Big words and your lack of understanding don't make them "pseudoscience". You basically just said (in words that you really don't understand) that you don't understand.
Hooray for the Cymry (the Welsh). Fascinating!
Thanks for posting this wonderfully informative talk. Very well presented, I really appreciate his teaching style.
Fascinating lecture! ☝🤓
@21:16 you state the noble gases, the inert group 8 elements do not react with other elements, that is not strictly true, We studied a particularly strange compound at university that of Xenon trioxide (Xenon in an ozone pyramid XeO3 being a particularly unstable compound of xenon in a plus 6 oxidation state. It behaves as a very powerful oxidizing agent, and liberates oxygen from water slowly, but accelerated with exposure to light. predominately a dangerously explosive reaction with most organic materials. When it detonates, it releases xenon and oxygen gas. which isn't surprising as it is Xenon and Oxygen (or more correctly Ozone) .
However I am not being quarrelsome deliberately, and it is somewhat irrelevant to the impact of the article you are presenting, I just thought it was an interesting side distraction, and largey you are correct as these elements have completed outer orbitals so require no other element to satisfy the quantum desire of filling the outermost shell (or react with another element, not even themselves!
we are used to say Oxygen the element forming the Oxygen molecule by pairing up as O2, even tripling up as O3, and not being seen naked as just O, we do see Ne in isolated molecule arrangements, so...
It is very correct to state that noble gases esp Helium and Neon are non reactive but xenon and krypton will react with fluorine or oxygen to form XeF2, XeF4, XeOF4, KrF2 etc
Other than that I really am enjoying the documentary/lecture thank you sir.
17:35 Interesting to see how lush the vegetation was near those C02 cold vents at Mazuku. Also, how many parts per million of C02 before you asphyxiate if you are within one of these areas of depression? Currently we are at 0.04% or 400ppm. I have read that 15000 ppm will make you feel a little giddy but won't kill you, so what's the level anyone?
you're tearing me apart Lisa .........
Here because of the tremors in east africa now
I like how they have to say the crust is getting thinner to explain the presence of "Oceanic" basalt crust in the middle of the sea. If the Earth was expanding that explanation would be a natural consequence rather than something that needed to be added ad hoc.
Excellent! Thats correct 😂
Google "Expanding Earth Theory".
It's nice to know something on this planet is getting thinner while everyone else's waist keeps expanding.
If the rift is creating new lithosphere, mantle and crust; the land mass of Africa is growing and expanding from this ballooning rift.
Nice lecture, but do you guys have anything new on the subject and how much the area has changed or not changed. I realize geologic time is different from many other times but there are changes. I am familiar with geology because my father was a Geologist.
Two days ago in Kenya after very heavy rains washed the ash soil at the rift valley great valley n new rift come up ...see the weeks news on ntv Kenya
will never see that on US news tho, too into indoctrinating Americans to show actual news.
hope the people in Kenya are staying safe from the Rifts.
So in the mid-oceanic rifts I have seen film of the molten rock actually coming out all along the line - why no such thing in the rift valley? and I'm not referring to volcanoes, they seem to be explosive and coming from magma chambers beneath. Very interesting video.
Caver461 That film is computer generated, or animated. You must realize that Geology is really, really slow. moving only fractions of an inch a year. And this process works in fits and stops, it's not constant, hence earthquakes.
Good point - thanks
Caver461 Possibly due to the fact that the earth's crust is much thinner in the deepest parts of the ocean. This rift widens and fills with earth. Also all volcanoes are not explosive. Some explode and some consistently ooze.
+Caver461 Molten rocks are not all along the line. There are some isolated spots. The geologist are more lost than the Malaysian airplane. Why the plume don't push up the crust forming a dome instead of a valley. Really don't make sense.
+Francisco Madrigal The rifting is being caused by the pressure from below, that same pressure that is uplifting the ground into domes. It's kind of like blowing up a balloon, at some point the pressure becomes too much and it bursts, in the same way the pressure is causing the uplifted ground to fracture. Also the reason why the uplift and volcanism is highly concentrated in different areas would most likely be due to a combination of differing thickness in areas of the crust and differing pressure from the plume below along the trail of the rift.
The most fascinating continent on the planet, from the cradle of the homo genus to one of the oldest cratons on the planet to this fascinating kinetic and chaotic geology happening right in front of us now, there's just so MUCH there!
Altho I acknowledge the natural tugs on Africa, it's humanity which is just as literally tearing it apart.
Or lack thereof....
John Leach, the tearing apart thing. Yes. Both. One word as well. Prophecy. Good point..
Excellent piece of work -excellent presentation- thank you all …
Why did you cross out the "excellent presentation" part?
I didn’t…! Strange … it’s like it was censored 🤬!!! Grrr I don’t know why because my intent and wording was commendatory …!!! Wow 😮!!!
Or perhaps 🤔 I was thinking that it was repetitious possibly .. but I meant both …!
How do you know what the ratio of primordial isotopes was?
Geochemists usually use chondrites as a reference. Chondrites are meteorites that are not differentiated, which means they are a clue to the initial abundance of different isotopes. In fact, they just look for something that stayed in an initial stage to compare with. The earth is now differentiated, which means heavy atoms will go to the center of the earth, volatile will go the other way. And we can also predict this migration with the electronic and nucleus configuration of atoms. To this initial stage, you need to add the contribution of radioactivity. Hope my explanation was clear...
I absolutely love these kinds of lectures, not just on Geo-physical processes but across the proverbial science spectrum. The only time I really start to dislike them is when Party specific Politics becomes involved, I am politically neutral (as described by American politics) and like my science that way.
The results of scientific research sometimes have political implications, but political parties should stick to public policy and leave science to the scientists.
Right, Titus. Stuff can remind us which can be used as a mnemonic device but there's the difference between ad hominim vs in locare, ugh, me spelling. In other words Cut the Snark. Right, Friend. Good point, Titus. Thanks.
Politics produces pseudoscience
@@johnries5593 pseudo-scientists won't leave politicians alone. They lust after their grants and return the garbage data the politicians are willing to pay for.
@@larrytischler8769 Well said, Bro💩. Yes.
actually, the "Kenya Dome" is not a dome at all, but a raft of super ancient craton--to hard for the rift to cut through it, so it has gone around it. Ethiopia Dome is likewise not a dome, but a simple uplift on both sides of the rift that has cuts through it. Their geology is totally different as are their age.
I love the Kenya dome
A very good explanation of what's happening in and on this planet we live in. Thank you so very much. Shalom
Wonder what are the near term chances of this superplume really breaking through and messing up the atmosphere, like the Deccan traps 65Mya and the Siberian traps 250Mya (Permian extinction event)?
Probably won't happen until both halves of the rift are on the verge of splitting apart with the crust severely weakened (seems to have possibly been the source of the Parana-Entendeka traps from when S. America and Africa split apart), or an antipodal meteor impact greatly increasing pressure on the african side. A popular theory of the origins of the Deccan traps is that they were caused by the Chicxulub meteor impact on the Yucatan peninsula
I have never heard of it? Please, enlighten me about this Theory, The Deccan Traps and Yucatan Plateau?
@@Arthion That thought has occurred to me, also.
@@stlouisarch2162 It’s not actually the antipode it’s closer to 120 degrees. But it would have still have caused 12.0 earthquakes that could exacerbate the Deccan traps. I don’t think it matters if it’s not exactly antipode, and I’m a fan of the Deccan traps in combination with the asteroid theory myself.
My opinion on the matter is that it really depends on how slowly the process of rifting moves. If slowly enough, there should be no issue with any huge spillage of magma. After all, there's no signs of any of that happening at the other rifting places around the world, like where Europe and North America rifted apart, or where South America and Africa rifted apart, either.
It would only happen if the rifting becomes dramatically fast, ripping the continent apart violently and quickly rather than more slowly and relatively gently (for what it is) that it's opening up right now.
Itsfacinating but I got lost at the point you started plotting Helium against Neon, sorry, can't keep up:-(
"You are lying, I never hit you, Lisa you are tearing Africa apart !" "Oh hi Rift Valley."
Do we have the same or similar He3 and He4 sample concentration results associated with the Pacific Rift?
One point was missed in helping us understand your research. In your talk on the noble gases of helium and neon being used as research tools to understand the Earth you do not mention why these two gases are so valuable as measurement tools. The reason is relatively simple and would have been beneficial to explain to us. You talk about how materials can degrade and produce a Helium-3 particle. You do not mention that the Helium-3 and Helium-4 particles remain stable for very long periods of time and don't degrade. Since they don't degrade very much they are stable benchmarks or rulers we can use to measure.
Someone just recently fell in Hawaii into kilauea's area topside. Was looking in. Did not kill him 70 foot drop where he landed. I wonder and it should be common practice to tie safety ropes on oneself when looking into an open volcano.. They could be gases suddenly that could cause fainting or they could be a Tremor that would cause a slip and fall
Don't you think it would be wiser to stay away from the edge?
California today July 4 still going 2019 just had a earthquake in the united states.
24:48 Why is the thorium and uranium concentrated in the crust? They're among the heaviest elements, so shouldn't they sink down into the core?
It is said that those elements don't end up in minerals until late, in what's left i.e. in pegmatites. I.e. in the crust.
@@jonashellsborn7648 Thanks for the helpful reply. I'm not sure I understand the process. Is the following roughly correct? So they don't sink because they're in solution when the Earth was liquid? But then they crystallise out in the crust as that's where the temperature drops enough for them to come out of solution and combine into a solid mineral?
Dear tobuslieven. I wondered how that can be. Guess it is from all that shifting and up and down thrusting and vulcanism, dynamic system...
It could have sunk to the middle and only traces are left in the crust. We could be spinning around a nuclear bomb, the earth core could be a ball of solid plutonium like the fat man bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945. Now that could be the next movie with Bruce Willis.
tobuslieven ... Its Taklamakan #1 (iron meteor)...it skipped out of its crater, forming the Himalayas & Lake Victoria. Look on Google Earth. It slopped molten ejecta into where the Hudson Bay #1 (comet) landed after it skipped 1,300 years earlier.
Lets call Hudson Bay #3... The Hawaiian, from the swirl it made in the molten core. The last leg of the Hawaiian chain is parallel to the previous equator. The Hudson comet tilted the crust, not the core.
I'm happy to see the contruction site of the Somali continent. This construction of a new continent will end in about 53 million years from 2022
hi , tank you .
very good video
Is it possible that a land bridge will form between the Horn and Yemen prior to the continental split?
I am wondering what effect the spinning planet has on this since there is an equator bulge and you just commented on equator volcanoes, I was also hoping from the title to see animations of possible outcomes of the tearing so I know where to invest my money.
I wonder if similar crustal bullying and gas analysis studies are being done in Yellowstone and New Madrid fault areas. So far there are seismic ping studies of the Yellowstone magma chamber. I would be curious how the noble gas studies would pan out here.
BULGING not bullying hyperactive piece of electronic freaking out felgerkarb!! Sorry, this d thing doesn't even do high school english.
The rotation of the planet and a Moulton core drives our weather and tectonic plates movement
Then factor in the moons affects you have your answers
Interesting, Buddy drops the g from his words. Has other Welsh word pronunciations of English.
Isn't the same process occurring just 100 miles East of them in the Imperial Valley & South through the Gulf of California?
You mean the Transform Fault?
@@Dumchi22 As I understand it (I'm not a geologist, so take it with a grain of salt), it is a rift in the Gulf of California, but a transform farther north on the San Andreas fault. Same two plates, but a different type of boundary depending on where you are. I think somewhere around the Salton Sea is where the transition is located.
@@russlehman2070 Looking at the map of plate boundaries and given how the geology of the west coast has varied over the last 40 or so million years it seems a bit different in that the rifting in the gulf of California is really the continued activity of the East Pacific Rise which North America has been passing over.
Formerly there was a massive Plate moving East from the East Pacific Rise that formed the center of the once vast Pacific Ocean(i.e. the East Pacific Rise was formerly the ridge at the center of the Pacific Ocean) Today the other half the former Farallon plate is almost gone since both North and South America have been moving west leading to the Farallon plate subducting. Nowadays the North American Plate has passed over the East Pacific Rise so only small remnants remain of the former eastward moving plate in the North with the Juan de Fuca plate forming the cascades and to the south the Rivera Plate and Cocos Plates respectively as well as the Nazca plate that is the part subducting under south America. Along the California coast where North America has passed over the East Pacific Rise Subduction ceases as the Pacific Plate is moving west as well, but since their Parallel velocities are different they are sliding by each other like two cars on a highway resulting in the Transverse motion.
Remnants of the former subduction of the Farallon plate can be seen in the form of the Sierra Nevada mountains which once formed a continuous subduction Arc analogous to the Andes in South America. Eventually when the last remnants of the Farallon plate subductaway as North America finishes passing over the East Pacific Rise the San Andreas will become fully continuous from Central America up towards Alaska with composite cone volcanism no longer occurring in North America.
What is occurring in the Gulf of California is really that transition as the East Pacific Rise is being overtaken by North America so basically regular old Mantle convection not a super plume Though there is a Plume in NA creating the Yellowstone Hotspot it isn't rifting North America. And there does also seem evidence suggesting there to be some sort of rising Plume Below New England based on seismic data but the nature and details of that situation are too murky at present to discuss with any clarity.
The East African rift is not due to the asthenosphere intruding the lithosphere. In prehistoric times (4000 to 687 BC), a planet 0.2 times the mass of the earth repeatedly became captured in a geostationary orbit 36,000 km above Mt. Kailas in the Himalayas (by tidal drag). It's tidal effect drew all surrounding lithospheric plates toward it creating the Red Sea rift, the Apennines, rotated the Arabian plate NE, the northern Alps, the Indian sub-continent, Malaysia, Australia, the Japan and Philippines and raised the Hindu Kush etc. Due to the momentum of those recent encounters these plates are still moving. (see Miracle: The Creation of the Earth)
Which part of the fiction section of my local library do I find your book?
Superplumes, thank you.
Two words: Continental Drift. Shorter than 55 minutes, wouldn't you say?
That, and why these ppl have to call lava magma just cuz it's underground... c' mon, so semantical.🙄 Why jump through that hoop all the time? Sorry, all you "magma fans", I will I say "lava" whether it's underground or not.😝 😄
Its magma under ground brought .forth by planet x.
@@theseeker1237 - Lava above and below, brought forth by Mother Earth. 😝😄
I’m going to venture to say hello 👋 I have been involved in a life of drilling Mother Earth and know how much you don’t want to hear this, with all the extravagant extraction of your oil so necessary and replacing it with drilling fluids or water which will travel underground and create a better lubricant for the plates to slide movements and earthquakes are not unusual
Freedom Storm correct to a fault?
Please come to Taos, New Mexico and study the Rift here. The Rio Grande Gorge is what its called. Its not a gorge its a rift.
Hmm.... That makes sense, then in a way the Rio Grande river is totally on a fault. Most giant rivers seem to form over top of faults, being the lowest elevation and easiest path to travel. Those faults, at least us ones, are probably cracks in the crust from one of the major asteroid impacts. That makes me wonder about the Colorado River, and I know the Allegheny is on top of a major ancient one.
Thats interesting that's what I told my girlfriend when we visited the bridge at taos. The sides of the gorge fit like a glove. This was back in 04 we got married shortly after. We live in Colorado, but I also like the New Mexico landscape absolutely beautiful.
what Continent is the African rift valley located?
Wakanda
hey everybody
Hey
I thought the answer to what was tearing Africa apart was plate tectonics.
Meanwhile north of you at the Large CERN Hadron Collider, a 7 month construction repair job continues. Collider damage was caused by a controversial particle test that exceeded equipment capacity and has left humanity wondering if the earthquake rumors are true. Perhaps this team of geologists and vulcanologists will start a useful correlation study of Earthquakes vs. CERN Collider shots. The science emerging out of CERN seems to indicate that particle collider shots in 1-trillion electron volts range and up, are causing simultaneous earthquakes along super-concentrated magnetic field lines on a global scale ... occurring hundreds and thousands of miles away. There may be a greater mission in store for this team ... if they dare to study and report on it publicly.
Is the English Channel a rift? In petroleum recovery they are able to mine laterally . . . could that be used to relieve pressure? Not all of Africa is at risk here?
There you go. Best athletes originate from the Kenyan Dome and Ethiopian Dome of the Rift complex.
More and more is being revealed at breakneck speed with regard to previously held ideas in what we perceived to be solid reality. Remarkeably not everything happens imperceptibly over millenia, rather, in some instances events thought to have taken millions of years may have taken place in a matter of hours... thats pretty scary!
Ignore Taklamakan! (It skipped out of its crater & ended the Younger Dryas.)
Africa is splitting apart!
Diamonds
The table lands in newfoundland i believe are mantle plume peridotite to look it up they call it weathered peridotite which is wrong
how many pieces does Africa split into???
4 - South Africa, the Congo, Middle Earth, and Wakanda.
@@MrSinister718= ty
Send in robots when research is too dangerous for human discovery. Plant your instruments when it's safe. Good explanations. Thank you
Could it be that Africa is spreading and getting larger and not splitting into.
Are carbonitic volcanoes essentially erupting what might become marble under other conditions or is the origin of the C in the mantle/boundary?
RIP DH
Since all kinds of ppl are watching this video and not only ppl that are into the sciences, this video should be entitled with scientific details. Anyhow, I got an idea of what he was showing us.
8 years ago.. isn’t there a huge crack splitting through parts of Africa today:.??