Nick, one of my other interests is genealogy. Following news of Myrl's passing, I went looking for the Beck family in the records and discovered a link between our two lineages. This enabled me to flush out a great deal of Myrle's family history and create entries in the world's largest genealogy database. Among the sources attached to Myrl's record are links to the two video interviews that you did with him. So, at least as long as UA-cam links remain stable, he will be memorialized therein.
What if baby Mt. Stewart didn’t travel in his bassinet all the way up by himself, but the Mother Craton also moved south to collect him? Bernie is a great guest. Thanks for making these concepts accessible to us. Nick, your UA-cam algorithm is working perfectly. UA-cam keeps suggesting your interviews with Myrl at the exact time you keep bringing it up in the series. This means YT is noticing your viewers also watch those videos at this point in the series and are suggesting them. 👍
Oops, I forgot to add, if IM and Ins were both moving generally NNE and the craton was moving SSW, those terrains will appear to translate quickly if the craton isn't stationary. They naturally were moving in the opposite direction according to paleomagnetics. Thoughts continuing.
Speaking for myself, I am content to understand only the broadest brushstrokes of this material and to be able to marvel at the intricacies that others, whose brains function differently than mine, are capable of delving into. Our world is fearfully and wonderfully made and to know these things, even superficially, gives me great joy.
I had to head out to visit with my granddaughters partway through, and watch the rest in replay, so I didn't get the opportunity to thank Bernie and Nick for this core, key episode. It's clear that the paleomagnetic data has withstood multiple challenges for over fifty years and cannot simply be dismissed or ignored (at least if the critics want to retain any semblance of conducting science). The paleomagnetic data demands explanation in any hypothesis for the assemblage of the cordillera.
Hey Nick, thanks for your thorough introduction to this episode. After the first episode with Bernie I was a bit confused. But your Explanations prior to your second conversation with him brought me on track and I was able to understand almost everything this time. Thanks. Keep on!
So, measuring the inclinations of paleomag signatures in Granite/pluton reference to the horizontal sedimentary rock, we could calculate the movement of the magnetized rock through time, right?? The studies have found that the discordant paleomag signatures of INS and IM, right?? I might got that much...😁 Thank you so much, Bernie for showing us your field of study!😄✨💛I love to keep on learning for fun!! Auto 720p on my laptop, Auto 360p on my Amazon tablet, our TV monitor is capable of 4K... Oh.., I just switched my tablet quality to 1080p!😉 I changed my laptop quality to 1080 also, and I do see the difference!!😘💫💛
That was loaded with new information and concepts. Good thing I have been watching from the beginning. I am able to follow along. Bernie has been doing some critical research. I’m excited about the continuing education. Thanks again Nick, and Bernie.
Your after thoughts are very helpful as they spur thoughts of my own. The high point is the scattered paleo- north poles relating to the exotic terrains.
Ok, Nick, I will print out and read ALL TEN PAPERS of Myrl’s. Thanks for the reminder. Bless him for all his work. We are so lucky to have seen him. Already have reviewed you recent video with him. RIP.
Thank you, Nick and Bernie. Good job, Bernie! I can’t believe you also head the department at the same time. You are brilliant and very patient. Best of luck
Great show Nick. Thanks to Bernie and to the work of Merl Beck. I'm still thinking mechanically of the rotation of certain blocks. If they were already solid and the terrains are moving dexterally to the craton those solid blocks have to rotate clockwise, just like a ball. The craton is stationary, the terrains are colliding at an angle and then move north, those chunks will rotate clockwise. No other solution other than to stay acreted within the terrain. Just my thoughts.
❤❤ Thanks Guys! I would love to open Meryl's papers, haven't a computer. Just this phone. You are an awesome and excellent guide. I am so appreciative.
Another brilliant lecture. I am loving how these lectures are building together in addition with the papers into a bigger discussion. Keep up the great work nick and team
Another session very hard to grasp, but once again Nick, you give your heart and soul! While I really didn’t understand the last two sessions, you summed it up great! It’s hard because we can see it or feel it! Keep up the excellent teaching! Love ya!
Hi Nick and thanks for your videos. My wife and I watch them regularly. Thank you and please keep them coming. You mentioned that you like to tell stories, it has to hang together. It sounds like you might be a concepts-first, systems-oriented person (like me 🙂). I can't imagine trying to fully understand what you teach. It is inherently "infinitely" complex. We study and document what we can see and measure. But, there's noise in the measurements. Always more noise. You "can't" get there but still persist. Amazing.
*Thank you Prof. Nick,, I had to come back for view #2 to try to let more soak in.* (BTW Boerne,TX is pronounced "bernie".) 1080p and you are very crisp and clear! Hey People, don't forget to hit the 👍! Show your appreciation!👍
Thank you Nick and Dr. Housen! Fascinating information even though I don't understand all of it but that's ok. It's all new to me and so interesting and the more I listen and watch, the more I learn.
Thank you Bernie and Nick for this episode. Things are starting to get clearer now. Excellent job, gentlemen! I am looking forward to the next episodes!
PALEOMAG IS INTERESTING BUT COMPLICATED FOR US NEOPHYTES. One thing that would help is getting a list of all the variables needing resolution in order to come up with a reliable and acceptable result for the paleoinclination and paleodeclination. If one of your guests could discuss the variables or provide a reference that does list them, that would be very helpful. Thank you.
It’s certainly hard to adjust from using rocks to tell a story while standing at an outcrop to drilling rocks, taking them to the lab doing “magical things” and then placing the rock in time and in space. I’m an old economic geologist and the things I learned early are tough to change. Who ever thought that diamonds would be found in Canada?
Thank you, Nick and Bernie. Very good shows. The explanations on paleomagnetism was excellent and I understand it Much better now. I’ve definitely moved from a six or a seven to an eight or nine. )
Nick, Have been watching in 1080P this entire series, I don’t believe YT setting was “fibbing” to me, and just displaying a 1080P setting. Older series we were limited to 720P in the past. I don't see any Improvement on the “premium” melon service in picture quality, IMO. The old camera had Much better clarity. This is distinctly noticeable on graphics and maps with text and detail. There is a “Blockiness” to objects moving now, where there was not on the older camera. The newer current camera, since we changed to multi view has been pixilated and fuzzier in comparison to the older camera. I really liked the clarity of the old camera, but trust Nat has made the change for reasons that are beneficial for the setup. My sentiments are, I am just Glad you are here, while I would love a more clear picture, everything has been overall perfectly sufficient , but if that is a detail you might be able to address with Nat at some point, I believe it would aid in picture quality when showing maps and text.
late in Bernies interview he references a portion on page 6; Nicks Baja BC files, of Mahony's work of Baja BC placement that seems to call into question Mahony's work. The panel referenced is based on "others paleomag data." Mahonys own work using zircon dating in the panels below that and give the true dates for his own work.
I think I finally get why they use paleopoles. I didn't understand why you wouldn't just use a table or function that associated inclination with latitude and jump right from inclination to latitude. Why reconstruct a paleopole at all if it's latitude you are trying to estimate? I think the answer is that this would lose information contained in the observation, and that the way that the paleopoles cluster tells you more about variance in the data than if you simply looked at paleolatitudes. So when you are using PCA/eigenvector analysis to restore for tilt/folding, you need to use the paleopoles not just the paleolatitudes, and then once you have done all that and have an average paleopole, you finally convert that to latitude.
Thinking to the future, possible to Schedule/Plan something with Brian Atwater for when the weather clears if possible Please? Absolutely adore your collaborations, and learn so many fundamental details that a regular person can physically see, recognise, and appreciate while walking around the PNW.
I love your videos, always highly informative while being really entertaining, not an easy thing to do but great for educational purposes, much appreciated. I'd like to make a suggestion, maybe this has been discussed before, I apologize if I missed. Have you looked into using google Earth's tour function, or just providing links to particular views? It has the ability to magnify or accentuate vertical height differences that might help understand what you're looking at. I'm old school, I still like seeing real blackboards and dusty chalk. But, I'm wondering, do they have huge screens that would allow for displaying anything you could want but also allow you to draw on them with a piece of 'chalk' that would really be a digital stylus of some kind but could me made to appear and even feel a lot like chalk, and even erasers that looked like the usual erasers, with the erasing made to look like blackboard erasing, but would allow for selective erasing. They could display videos and all that would entail. Anyways, that's just some wishful thinking.
It may be helpful to talk about other paleomagnetic data, like the sea floor spreading zebra stripes, to bring some understanding of how these measurements are used to add to other stories?
Whoa! Interesting on the replay. ?, does the palomag calculations take into account the depth of solidification for the sample? My feeling is that Baja-BC is too simple an idea expression and that is why the #1's don't agree. Sometimes new geology ideas gain understanding and acceptance at geologic timescales. Thanks Nick and Bernie!
I think this may be applicable ref Strike Slip Faults. After all, thats looking like one of the main reasons/methods for moving either all or part of the "Whale". I just watched Exotic F - Strike-Slip Faults from 2 years ago to both refresh my memory and also ask a question. How deep into the Earths Crust do Strike Slip Faults go? I presume all the way to the Mantle otherwise underlying rocks would prevent lateral movement? But...If they do not, could that possibly explain accelerated "shear" of the rocks on a horizontal plane where a stronger bond meets a weaker one in the stratigraphy? Are there undetected or undetectable horizontal faults, is there such a thing? , that could facilitate northward movement of the "Whale". I am only a Truck Driver so i do not have the in depth knowledge as some here. Thanks in advance.
Some very interesting geology is being missed because it is on the no-man's land on the International Border between Canada and the US, but we do have the Southern Nicola Arc Project in the Quesnel terrane that was at the western margin of ancestral North America in Devonian time. Quenellia rifted far enough from North America to become a back arc ocean basin that was isolated from North America long enough to evolve endemic organisms absent from adjacent parts of cratonic North America. Both Quesnellia and Stikinia terranes were reunited with North America by Mid-Jurassic as they buckled against the margin, capturing exotic oceanic rocks of the Cache Creek terrane between them." - Mihalynuk, M.G., Logan, J.M., Diakow, L.J., Friedman, R.M., and Gabites, J., 2014. Southern Nicola Arc Project (SNAP): Preliminary results. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 29-57.
In my mind the Cretaceous stillstand is just a time during which the Earth's dynamo was stable. The real question to me is: what causes the dynamo to lose stability and flip? I think the answer lies in the rotation of the Earth, which , like the sun's rotation, causes the magnetic lines to cross over each other until they 'snap,' which in the case of the sun, can cause coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Could this be the reason terrestrial hotspots form in the mantle?
The Earth's magnetic field moves a lot. It must be really difficult for paleontologists to remove that noise. In Seattle, declination is currently moving 0.1°W per year -- that would correspond to a drift of 6 miles per year. The Earth's magnetic field has both a vertical and horizontal component. I recommend that everyone play around with a vertical compass someday -- it's lots of fun.
Bernie's explanation in the last episode is that they rely on sampling a range of ages to eliminate the noise, based on a data that shows that over a million year or so the shift in the magnetic pole is a random walk with the earth's rotational pole as the average.
To me, Paleomag can support a hypothesis with concurring data, but it cannot confirm a hypothesis, because its ca. 85 Ma. location is an averaged educated guesstimate, @32:00+ unlike physical evidence. So I’m waiting for more physical evidence, such as fossil, geologic or mineralogic. Therefore, I can be a Baja-BC 10 if enough indisputable physical evidence comes along.
We don't confirm hypotheses in science, we disconfirm them. If a hypothesis fits all the data that stands up to challenge, and competing hypotheses have been falsified because they CAN'T explain some aspect of the data that we're dealing with, then we tentatively run with that remaining hypothesis. If more than one hypothesis remains standing and they each explain the data in different ways, and none of them have been disconfirmed, then we keep collecting more data!
Instead maybe its "Hit in California, Withdraw West 100km, Run North 2000km, Go East for 2nd Hit In Canada... Why must BajaBC fault be on land when IMT and INS couldve withdrawn west at 100??
My take was that, on average over time, the magnetic pole is generally in the near vicinity on a global scale of the spin axis. So if we average magnetic poles derived from the paleomagnetic data from several different sites over a geologically "close" timeframe (a few hundred thousand or a couple of million years here or there), then it's likely that the magnetic poles are going to cluster somewhere in the near vicinity of the spin axis. Haven't caught up on all the papers yet, so this is just what I'm gathering from the video presentations.
WATCHED ON MY TV AND NOW THAT YOU MENTION IT THE PICTURE/VIDEO IS SO MUCH CLEARER... AND WITH MY EYESIGHT THAT'S SAYING ALOT... 👍👍👍
Nick, one of my other interests is genealogy. Following news of Myrl's passing, I went looking for the Beck family in the records and discovered a link between our two lineages.
This enabled me to flush out a great deal of Myrle's family history and create entries in the world's largest genealogy database. Among the sources attached to Myrl's record are links to the two video interviews that you did with him. So, at least as long as UA-cam links remain stable, he will be memorialized therein.
What if baby Mt. Stewart didn’t travel in his bassinet all the way up by himself, but the Mother Craton also moved south to collect him?
Bernie is a great guest. Thanks for making these concepts accessible to us.
Nick, your UA-cam algorithm is working perfectly. UA-cam keeps suggesting your interviews with Myrl at the exact time you keep bringing it up in the series. This means YT is noticing your viewers also watch those videos at this point in the series and are suggesting them. 👍
Oops, I forgot to add, if IM and Ins were both moving generally NNE and the craton was moving SSW, those terrains will appear to translate quickly if the craton isn't stationary. They naturally were moving in the opposite direction according to paleomagnetics. Thoughts continuing.
Speaking for myself, I am content to understand only the broadest brushstrokes of this material and to be able to marvel at the intricacies that others, whose brains function differently than mine, are capable of delving into.
Our world is fearfully and wonderfully made and to know these things, even superficially, gives me great joy.
Lost in the weeds…😵, but still with you! Learning hurts! Thanks Nick.
Absolutely fascinating content. Thanks to you and Dr. Housen for presenting it.
I had to head out to visit with my granddaughters partway through, and watch the rest in replay, so I didn't get the opportunity to thank Bernie and Nick for this core, key episode. It's clear that the paleomagnetic data has withstood multiple challenges for over fifty years and cannot simply be dismissed or ignored (at least if the critics want to retain any semblance of conducting science). The paleomagnetic data demands explanation in any hypothesis for the assemblage of the cordillera.
Hey Nick, thanks for your thorough introduction to this episode. After the first episode with Bernie I was a bit confused. But your Explanations prior to your second conversation with him brought me on track and I was able to understand almost everything this time. Thanks. Keep on!
So, measuring the inclinations of paleomag signatures
in Granite/pluton reference to the horizontal sedimentary rock, we could calculate the movement of the magnetized rock through time, right?? The studies have found that the discordant paleomag signatures of INS and IM, right?? I might got that much...😁 Thank you so much, Bernie for showing us your field of study!😄✨💛I love to keep on learning for fun!!
Auto 720p on my laptop, Auto 360p on my Amazon tablet, our TV monitor is capable of 4K... Oh.., I just switched my tablet quality to 1080p!😉 I changed my laptop quality to 1080 also, and I do see the difference!!😘💫💛
Catching up!
That was loaded with new information and concepts. Good thing I have been watching from the beginning. I am able to follow along. Bernie has been doing some critical research. I’m excited about the continuing education. Thanks again Nick, and Bernie.
Your after thoughts are very helpful as they spur thoughts of my own. The high point is the scattered paleo- north poles relating to the exotic terrains.
Ok, Nick, I will print out and read ALL TEN PAPERS of Myrl’s. Thanks for the reminder. Bless him for all his work. We are so lucky to have seen him. Already have reviewed you recent video with him. RIP.
I am an amateur.... your 1:13:00 rant/ comment/ confession on how you absorb information is on point.
Thank you, Nick and Bernie. Good job, Bernie! I can’t believe you also head the department at the same time. You are brilliant and very patient. Best of luck
Great synthesis NZ. Kudos to Bernie for working people through the underlying physics, chemistry, and geo-chemistry in episodes 1 & 2.
Great show Nick. Thanks to Bernie and to the work of Merl Beck. I'm still thinking mechanically of the rotation of certain blocks. If they were already solid and the terrains are moving dexterally to the craton those solid blocks have to rotate clockwise, just like a ball. The craton is stationary, the terrains are colliding at an angle and then move north, those chunks will rotate clockwise. No other solution other than to stay acreted within the terrain. Just my thoughts.
❤❤ Thanks Guys! I would love to open Meryl's papers, haven't a computer. Just this phone. You are an awesome and excellent guide. I am so appreciative.
Another brilliant lecture. I am loving how these lectures are building together in addition with the papers into a bigger discussion.
Keep up the great work nick and team
Another session very hard to grasp, but once again Nick, you give your heart and soul! While I really didn’t understand the last two sessions, you summed it up great! It’s hard because we can see it or feel it! Keep up the excellent teaching! Love ya!
Hi Nick and thanks for your videos. My wife and I watch them regularly. Thank you and please keep them coming.
You mentioned that you like to tell stories, it has to hang together. It sounds like you might be a concepts-first, systems-oriented person (like me 🙂). I can't imagine trying to fully understand what you teach. It is inherently "infinitely" complex. We study and document what we can see and measure. But, there's noise in the measurements. Always more noise. You "can't" get there but still persist. Amazing.
Wonderful presentation. Kudos Nick and Bernie!
*Thank you Prof. Nick,, I had to come back for view #2 to try to let more soak in.* (BTW Boerne,TX is pronounced "bernie".) 1080p and you are very crisp and clear! Hey People, don't forget to hit the 👍! Show your appreciation!👍
Thank you Nick and Dr. Housen! Fascinating information even though I don't understand all of it but that's ok. It's all new to me and so interesting and the more I listen and watch, the more I learn.
Thank you Bernie and Nick for this episode. Things are starting to get clearer now. Excellent job, gentlemen!
I am looking forward to the next episodes!
PALEOMAG IS INTERESTING BUT COMPLICATED FOR US NEOPHYTES. One thing that would help is getting a list of all the variables needing resolution in order to come up with a reliable and acceptable result for the paleoinclination and paleodeclination. If one of your guests could discuss the variables or provide a reference that does list them, that would be very helpful. Thank you.
I am having to watch this again as I got a phone call that lasted the full episode.
5:36 pm
I’m enjoying this series. It’s putting me in Harlin Betz’s boots.
J Harlen Bretz. I know typing can be hard, but it's only respectful to make the effort to spell people's names correctly.
It’s certainly hard to adjust from using rocks to tell a story while standing at an outcrop to drilling rocks, taking them to the lab doing “magical things” and then placing the rock in time and in space. I’m an old economic geologist and the things I learned early are tough to change. Who ever thought that diamonds would be found in Canada?
Thank you, Nick and Bernie. Very good shows. The explanations on paleomagnetism was excellent and I understand it Much better now. I’ve definitely moved from a six or a seven to an eight or nine. )
Nick, Have been watching in 1080P this entire series, I don’t believe YT setting was “fibbing” to me, and just displaying a 1080P setting. Older series we were limited to 720P in the past.
I don't see any Improvement on the “premium” melon service in picture quality, IMO.
The old camera had Much better clarity. This is distinctly noticeable on graphics and maps with text and detail. There is a “Blockiness” to objects moving now, where there was not on the older camera.
The newer current camera, since we changed to multi view has been pixilated and fuzzier in comparison to the older camera.
I really liked the clarity of the old camera, but trust Nat has made the change for reasons that are beneficial for the setup.
My sentiments are, I am just Glad you are here, while I would love a more clear picture, everything has been overall perfectly sufficient , but if that is a detail you might be able to address with Nat at some point, I believe it would aid in picture quality when showing maps and text.
late in Bernies interview he references a portion on page 6; Nicks Baja BC files, of Mahony's work of Baja BC placement that seems to call into question Mahony's work. The panel referenced is based on "others paleomag data." Mahonys own work using zircon dating in the panels below that and give the true dates for his own work.
I think I finally get why they use paleopoles. I didn't understand why you wouldn't just use a table or function that associated inclination with latitude and jump right from inclination to latitude. Why reconstruct a paleopole at all if it's latitude you are trying to estimate? I think the answer is that this would lose information contained in the observation, and that the way that the paleopoles cluster tells you more about variance in the data than if you simply looked at paleolatitudes. So when you are using PCA/eigenvector analysis to restore for tilt/folding, you need to use the paleopoles not just the paleolatitudes, and then once you have done all that and have an average paleopole, you finally convert that to latitude.
Thinking to the future, possible to Schedule/Plan something with Brian Atwater for when the weather clears if possible Please? Absolutely adore your collaborations, and learn so many fundamental details that a regular person can physically see, recognise, and appreciate while walking around the PNW.
I love your videos, always highly informative while being really entertaining, not an easy thing to do but great for educational purposes, much appreciated.
I'd like to make a suggestion, maybe this has been discussed before, I apologize if I missed. Have you looked into using google Earth's tour function, or just providing links to particular views? It has the ability to magnify or accentuate vertical height differences that might help understand what you're looking at.
I'm old school, I still like seeing real blackboards and dusty chalk. But, I'm wondering, do they have huge screens that would allow for displaying anything you could want but also allow you to draw on them with a piece of 'chalk' that would really be a digital stylus of some kind but could me made to appear and even feel a lot like chalk, and even erasers that looked like the usual erasers, with the erasing made to look like blackboard erasing, but would allow for selective erasing. They could display videos and all that would entail. Anyways, that's just some wishful thinking.
It may be helpful to talk about other paleomagnetic data, like the sea floor spreading zebra stripes, to bring some understanding of how these measurements are used to add to other stories?
Whoa! Interesting on the replay. ?, does the palomag calculations take into account the depth of solidification for the sample? My feeling is that Baja-BC is too simple an idea expression and that is why the #1's don't agree. Sometimes new geology ideas gain understanding and acceptance at geologic timescales. Thanks Nick and Bernie!
I think this may be applicable ref Strike Slip Faults. After all, thats looking like one of the main reasons/methods for moving either all or part of the "Whale". I just watched Exotic F - Strike-Slip Faults from 2 years ago to both refresh my memory and also ask a question. How deep into the Earths Crust do Strike Slip Faults go? I presume all the way to the Mantle otherwise underlying rocks would prevent lateral movement? But...If they do not, could that possibly explain accelerated "shear" of the rocks on a horizontal plane where a stronger bond meets a weaker one in the stratigraphy? Are there undetected or undetectable horizontal faults, is there such a thing? , that could facilitate northward movement of the "Whale". I am only a Truck Driver so i do not have the in depth knowledge as some here. Thanks in advance.
Some very interesting geology is being missed because it is on the no-man's land on the International Border between Canada and the US, but we do have the Southern Nicola Arc Project in the Quesnel terrane that was at the western margin of ancestral North America in Devonian time. Quenellia rifted far enough from North America to become a back arc ocean basin that was isolated from North America long enough to evolve endemic organisms absent from adjacent parts of cratonic North America. Both Quesnellia and Stikinia terranes were reunited with North America by Mid-Jurassic as they buckled against the margin, capturing exotic oceanic rocks of the Cache Creek terrane between them." - Mihalynuk, M.G., Logan, J.M., Diakow, L.J., Friedman, R.M., and Gabites, J., 2014. Southern Nicola Arc Project (SNAP): Preliminary results. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 29-57.
In my mind the Cretaceous stillstand is just a time during which the Earth's dynamo was stable. The real question to me is: what causes the dynamo to lose stability and flip? I think the answer lies in the rotation of the Earth, which , like the sun's rotation, causes the magnetic lines to cross over each other until they 'snap,' which in the case of the sun, can cause coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Could this be the reason terrestrial hotspots form in the mantle?
The Earth's magnetic field moves a lot. It must be really difficult for paleontologists to remove that noise. In Seattle, declination is currently moving 0.1°W per year -- that would correspond to a drift of 6 miles per year.
The Earth's magnetic field has both a vertical and horizontal component.
I recommend that everyone play around with a vertical compass someday -- it's lots of fun.
Bernie's explanation in the last episode is that they rely on sampling a range of ages to eliminate the noise, based on a data that shows that over a million year or so the shift in the magnetic pole is a random walk with the earth's rotational pole as the average.
@@timbyrne914 Well stated. Better than my attempt below!
I have printed out. Not reading yet
To me, Paleomag can support a hypothesis with concurring data, but it cannot confirm a hypothesis, because its ca. 85 Ma. location is an averaged educated guesstimate, @32:00+ unlike physical evidence. So I’m waiting for more physical evidence, such as fossil, geologic or mineralogic. Therefore, I can be a Baja-BC 10 if enough indisputable physical evidence comes along.
We don't confirm hypotheses in science, we disconfirm them. If a hypothesis fits all the data that stands up to challenge, and competing hypotheses have been falsified because they CAN'T explain some aspect of the data that we're dealing with, then we tentatively run with that remaining hypothesis. If more than one hypothesis remains standing and they each explain the data in different ways, and none of them have been disconfirmed, then we keep collecting more data!
1080p
Paleomag---Get 0n The Bus! [or get left behind...]
Looks better 5x5
Instead maybe its "Hit in California, Withdraw West 100km, Run North 2000km, Go East for 2nd Hit In Canada... Why must BajaBC fault be on land when IMT and INS couldve withdrawn west at 100??
did anyone else catch that, "we don't need any other studies because this is so good"
Paleomag might be hard, but once also fosile records align... why double deny it?
I thought earths spin axis does not coincide with the magnetic poles??
My take was that, on average over time, the magnetic pole is generally in the near vicinity on a global scale of the spin axis. So if we average magnetic poles derived from the paleomagnetic data from several different sites over a geologically "close" timeframe (a few hundred thousand or a couple of million years here or there), then it's likely that the magnetic poles are going to cluster somewhere in the near vicinity of the spin axis. Haven't caught up on all the papers yet, so this is just what I'm gathering from the video presentations.
Auto 720p on my cell phone.
Nick have you seen my an cooks youtub channel? His geology is pretty cool ad well!
1:27:00 the CC is for Cache Creek, dude it's right next to Spences Bridge. The CH is for Churn Creek way down south. (BC is huge.)
GNEISS I THINK
Complicated stuff but at least it is relativity "down to earth" unlike modern physics which seems like fairy tales sometimes.