Had a boyfriend in th 1970's, in college. He was working in chemistry. He told me about a summer job he had one year testing for pharma companies; he was only allowed to report positive findings.
same in my lab (grad student in virology/pharmacology). dont know anyone in the research field allowed to report negative findings, because people consider these to be worthless. i plan to leave research after i graduate grad school
@@ahdorbfidks i have a DVM so i plan to work as a clinician and help animals and people. i realized that doing good around me in my life is a top priority for me, and that the research field is corrupt so i wouldn't be able to do this as a researcher. this isnt to say that healthcare isn't corrupt, but if i have my own clinic i can decide to be honest and good towards my patients without a boss telling me to falsify something or keep quiet about something that is harming people. as a researcher i would always have had someone above me telling me what to do, which isnt something i'd want in a corrupt and toxic environment
There are a few trends that I noticed as a graduate student in science that I think can create the conditions for fraud. The first is obviously "publish or perish," which most scientists are well aware of. The second is the feudal relationship between postdocs, tenured professors, and grad students. As a grad student, you rely on your advisor to graduate, and more likely than not their word determines a lot of what your career prospects after graduation will be. Truthfully, there is a lot of pressure even in the best of circumstances to just nod your head and do exactly what your advisor says, regardless of if you think it's dodgy or incorrect. The third is that, to be honest, academia is rife with egotism, and the trend only gets worse as you climb higher up the ladder. I can think of multiple faculty members off of the top of my head who were textbook narcissists, and even those who weren't still engaged in destructive and abusive social behavior on a shockingly regular basis. We have this perception that academics are harmless, shy nerds, but in fact many of the ones I have met have god complexes that would rival the most paranoid of European kings, and the problem tends to get worse the more obscure or "difficult" (an extremely subjective judgment, all things considered) their chosen field happens to be.
Trust God not sinful humans, which is why we always have to cross check(funny how the phrase includes the word cross) and test every scientific claim and result. Science is becoming a kind of religious faith, this is an offense to authentic spiritual religious faith and truth and a perversion and distortion of science.
If someone is in a shit field, doing jack all it's not entirely unsurprising their ego might get fragile or maybe that's what attracted people with fragile egos to begin with. Either way it sounds like something that might occur organically. And with stuff like tenure it's hard to break the strong chemical bond of mutual abuse. But then again just because someone has an overactive ego doesn't necessarily mean they are bad at their job or engaged in fraudulent practices, it could mean a lot of different things.
I have a masters degree in data analytics and out of all of the coding and software and AI I learned, I have to say the most valuable thing I learned was how to actually read and understand published studies and data sets. The amount of crap data in these scientific journals is baffling. I just laugh whenever I hear someone say "trust the science". They have no idea how to read and decipher data to come to a statistically significant scientific conclusion.
WOW, I believe you I really hope people like you go & expose liars with their lies & misinformation because spreading misinformation and falsified data is really dangerous & sometimes could be deadly
It's so annoying seeing people use data to draw false conclusions because they don't know how to interpret statistics or because they know that others can't and they just want to manipulate people
Also went down the data analyst path and I’ve gotten in arguments with Doctors before about what the data says vs what they are relaying in information.
@@TedBilk They don't care, they just want to be right because 1. It feels good to be and 2. They're literally *scared* of being wrong, people can't accept they've been propagating bad information for years. They'd rather double, then triple down on the lie to avoid guilt and feeling stupid, and find anything they can use to justify that. That's why I think those that are the most avid about their beliefs are actually the most self conscious of them, they're desperate for those ideas to be validated.
I watched a prominent dental researcher delete information right in front of me that failed to support our hypothesis. Not even an attempt to hide it. I became very skeptical of research that day. I haven’t changed my mind. That was 20 years ago.
I work with a relatively well published geochemist (not in academia though) who regularly deletes datapoints that do not yield the results they want. I tried to discuss this with him in a polite way, and the only response I got was "You don't have a PhD like me, so you don't know anything about science". I "only" have a 4 year bachelor of science...
@@cerealport2726 Don't get discouraged though pointing towards THE TRUTH, in EVERY WALK of life... THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN has overwhelming numbers of DISCIPLES and the more notorious and the more accolades - issued by THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN itself to signal status (not to be confused with knowledge forget about truth) - they carry as a smokescreen the more cautious one should be about what they are spewing into the world. Never let yourself be fooled into agreement overwriting a doubt signal... truthful traveling!
Fraud occurs in science because 1. Its easy to do. 2. Academics is a power hierarchy 3.Peer review is not designed to catch fraud or bad science 4. Peer review is method to navigate the power hierarchy. 5. Political pressure 6. University pressure 7. Follow the money
8. There is no real accountability making all the above possible: taking enormous risks, turning uncertainty into certainty with magic, ... 9. "Science" has gone far and wide beyond its own scope transgressing borders of politics, religion and economics where it should never have been 10. Science is confounded with technology. We can make things we don't understand. This gives undue credit to "advances of science" which are really advances in technological manipulation 11. "Science" is an intricate illusion from a fixed gaze of perceived progress like a Penrose stairs which explains why the pitfall is not noticed 12. Divorcing science from philosophy made all of the above possible.
Scientific research is now more about eminence than it is about evidence. The power dynamics between institutions, journals and individual research also really exacerbate this.
It's important to note that even if the fraud rate is between 2 and 14%, considering fraudulent papers are more likely to have more impactful findings, thus being cited often, and that they can go decades without being found, we might have entire fields built on top of decades of fraudulent data. The actual cost of this fraud is much larger than it appears on the surface.
And moreover, a lot of retracted papers get citations even after being retracted. Sometimes as examples of, say, "what not to do", but also as supporting evidence.
Having funded many "academics" to the tune of many millions of dollars, and having worked amongst them for decades as the CEO of an R&D company, I can assert with surety that you are 100% correct, but perhaps a bit understated. In over 15 years of being forced to fund academics in order to win research grants, my company never received one, not ONE, usable result of any kind from any of the 20 or more parasites we funded. It is a racket, a con game, and academia needs to be legally gutted, and rebuilt from the ground up.
Not only fraud, but something that shocked me when I attempted (and left) a PhD program was the amount of absolutely useless papers. I had read a lot of papers before the program, but I had only been reading the best ones. There are mountains of papers that are virtually useless and the authors know it (at some level) as well. They are just useful enough to get an off-hand citation by some of the lab's friends, but not much else. But if you don't keep the paper factory going, you lose funding. I think incentives in academia need to be drastically changed, but that isn't my fight. (Incentives for teaching professors are also really messed up, but that is a different topic).
Now imagine an AI using their "research" as training data and then offering decision-making scenarios that are possibly life-altering based on complete lies.
Which is why AI won't be useful until it learns enough to evaluate it's inputs and integrate new inputs with older pretrained networks. As it is you can train a LLM to be a flat earther, know sociology but nothing about religion, or to be unable to separate fiction from nonfiction. But you can't train it to become more that it is without retraining pretty much the whole model.
@@michasosnowski5918 it's not just AI. Anyone with real world experience knows nothing ever always goes as planned. Some of these studies have to be intentionally misleading people. But there's no way to tell which ones.
Only time I’ve ever been ok with this practice was the college required every class to require a book (even if they weren’t going to use one.) The professor created the simplest book he could and charged as little as he could. Then, he also emailed us as soon as he could telling us we didn’t need the book and not to buy it. The one person, in our class, that did buy the book, he pulled out his wallet and bought the damn book back from them. - absolute legendary human and probably my favorite professor for both class material and life. It’s ridiculous that it even had to come to that point. The entire college book fiasco is completely asinine as well.
I graduated physics (specialising in nuclear physics) in 1996. While doing my graduate research the team in the next office over was trying to get a paper published, the exact topic is irrelevant but it obviously also involved nuclear physics. They found it impossible to publish, no publication would accept their paper, which was reviewed and reviewed again many times and found accurate by all reviewers. The problem? The conclusions from the research didn't match the political and ideological agenda of the publications' sponsors, groups like Greenpeace and various countries' green parties and anti-nuclear lobby groups. They were told this quite bluntly by major publishing houses like Reed-Elsevier (name just an example), and told that unless they 'adjusted' their data and conclusions to match "properly acceptable conclusions" they would never be published. This team took the moral high ground and refused to budge, many others would do as told and choose fraud over being turned into obscure unknowns.
Îs there any way to find that paper? As a person interested in nuclear Physics, I would love to know more. Their attitude was repulsing and capitalism is absolutely horrible.
@@SannaJankarinI don't know, it was performed in cooperation with the Russian academy of sciences. They probably have it in their archives somewhere, but I doubt this is the era to gain access to those :)
And now after decades of that fraudulent research compounding on itself, governments use it as a pseudo religion that is completely unquestionable unless you're an "expert." And if you are, and you happen to be counter to the narrative theyre trying to propagate for control and profits, you don't exist. Then people turn around and tell you to "trust the science" or just call you a "science denier" which at this point is starting to remind me of "heretic".
That’s so bloody infuriating. Nuclear power is the only mature technology we have that can produce reliable, cheap, and CLEAN energy. Anyone on Team Green who disavows nuclear power is either a grifter or an idiot.
There should be zero tolerance for fraud or highly questionable research. Science doesn't need cheater, and the scientists that do should seek a different career.
good luck distinguishing this from studies that are controversial. the MUCH bigger problem has been control over perfectly valid results that contradict economic gain. the idea that youre going to somehow address the entire academic and industrial science application process and then at the end apply a morality "no questionable research" at the end? Maybe rethink how anything actually happens.
Also I think it's worth noting how easy it is to categorize a study as "peer reviewed". You can't trust a study just because it's labeled peer reviewed. You have to actually understand who is reviewing and how they are connected because the fraud is all connected.
I met someone online, someone with PHD in architecture, teaching at a public university. She outright told me how she published her relatively simple assignments college, recommending her friends as peers for peer review so she can satisfy the government's publishing criteria to get the position which was guaranteed to her anyway. And it is not uncommon in my country, so many international articles specifically talk about my country's cases lmao, that bad... And it is basic academic fraud, that is rampant in my country. Intention isn't to get awesome results but just meet the publication criteria to advance in your career. From what I see, she actually loves her field and does not slack in her research, but also "plays the game" when needed because that is literally what everyone is doing and expected to do. (so many positions are determined within the university already but public universities have to release a formal job ad with criteria to meet, which is often just copy pasted credentials of the person. Like they literally write the name of their thesis and say "should've researched X" and sometimes it is laughably specific.)
I strongly suspect that most "peer reviewing" consists of checking the index to ensure that the reviewer's paper has been referenced, and the name is spelt correctly.
To add to this beyond deception sometimes part of the problem is the amount of effort involved in peer review being limited in rigor perhaps because researchers are stressed for time between classes the need to write research proposals for grant funding managing grad students and their own work. In academia scientists are expected to do so much work often for limited pay with the threat of losing your job with publish or perish. A good example of a prominent area of research which looks increasingly to have a serious potential problem is cosmology as the conditions to meet high statistical significance without assuming a model mean such work is currently beyond most of the field and often it can be forgotten what implicit assumptions are being made and what biases may get fixed into those models ultimately throwing data off. If lots of work has been built on top of such biases this can create scenarios where the field as a whole feels under attack by such work. Sabine's interview with Dr. Sarkar is a great example of research where a Noble Prize is involved making the response to aggressively attack criticism even if it is rigorous data analyses stands out ua-cam.com/video/B1mwYxkhMe8/v-deo.html Notably here is the response when faced with evidence that the data analysis of the initial supposedly Nobel prize winning work is problematic to say the least. And with follow up work by Nathan Secrest et al 2021 which uses the requirement that the CMB dipole be purely kinematic for Lambda CDM to be valid to perform a falsification test using a sample size of 1.36 million quasars to construct a dipole that can be compared to the CMB to check whether it is statistically within the measure of uncertainty given identical in magnitude and direction to the CMB dipole. The initial results found a whopping 4.9 sigma discrepancy more or less falsifying the underlying assumption for the observable universe forcing one to return to the general inhomogeneous and anisotropic cosmology where everything is irreducibly nonlinear and no analytical solutions exist. Unsurprisingly looking at the expected kinds of outcomes for such a universe based on supercomputer simulations it can be mathematically proven based on the proof by self contradiction provided in Matthew Kleban and Leonardo Senatore's work on Inhomogeneous and anisotropic cosmology (Matthew Kleban and Leonardo Senatore JCAP10(2016)022) that in the large scale limit the observed acceleration of the averaged rate of expansion is indeed going to be positive regardless of the choice of cosmologicalconstant for reasons related to needing to ensure that the Einstein field equations are internally self consistent. SO to Summarize "dark energy" has a very high likelihood of being an artifact of using an invalid approximate model to drastically simplify the Einstein field equations beyond what is allowed by the laws of multivariate differential calculus.
@@ninjagirl226 Well supposedly a "peer reviewed" journal has experts on the subject who screen the submissions before publication. But who knows how thoroughly it is vetted? The only real worthwhile peer review is when other scientists independently replicate the research or experiment to confirm or refute the results.
What's more important is that tons of VALID research in anthropology has been silenced, because it went against the conventional wisdom. How much ground was lost because of the effective ban against publishing the mountain of data regarding pre-Clovis humans?
You can definitely get fake carbon dates. I had a friend that worked in a carbon dating lab. They knew the expected date of the dig and threw out samples that didn't come back matching what was expected. There's more to it, but so much stuff is dodgy when you dig into the actual details.
the entire context of how finds are interpreted can easily be manipulated. We have tons of examples of anthropologists missing the mark by miles because they were stuck in their old paradigm. In fact, this occurs in every field, which is why Max Planck said something to the effect that science only progresses by the death of scientists
I just had a good laugh , thanks a lot , sir . Anthropology is the most corrupt and intellectually bankrupt field of " science" it 's 100% pseudoscience , piltdown man , Lucy , every single "big" discovery was in fact revealed later to be a hoax , and yet every child still learns all about it in middle school ( when they don't have any critical thinking skill ) . Dinosaurs are a complete fraud invented by 2 hoaxers , owners of traveling freak shows and " human zoos" : Dinosaurs are a hoax ! , look it up : they only had a few tooth fragments : and they " deducted " the existence of dinosaurs from a few bone fragments , !!!!Every single dinosaur bone is in a vault and only hand selected professors ever see or touch them , all there is in museum is resin and plaster " casts " . Every single auction house like Sotheby's stopped auction sales of dinosaurs skeletons , because they were all fake . Every time an owner have his dinosaur bones expertised , it comes back as a a gross fake of powdered animal bones and glue . Dinosaurs are the perfect evidence that " Science " is absolute farce and that people will believe anything coming from a guy with a white labcoat and glasses . In reality this is just the same old oligarchs gaslighting us to push their agenda ( : " climate change" ...)
Excellent presentation on this topic. As a fellow scientist I am tired of the nonsense about how fraud is this super rare event. It’s not. Way more of what’s published is made up than most want to admit. It’s pretty depressing for those of us who are honest scientists and often end up publishing in less flashy journals.
Jesus this is depressing. How are people supposed to know what to believe and trust? Then it just becomes about who's the best liar which is why things seems to be getting worse.
@@Shay416you research these things yourself, and you cross reference all data for aplicability, replicability, acuracy, relavence and relibility. "Think for yourself."
@@Shay416Eh I don't think you have to worry, if it's fraudulent nothing useful will come out of it. So it's pretty much just waste of, usually taxpayer's, money.
I can totally believe this. In aerospace it’s extremely common to come across projects using blatantly misleading data. For instance, comparing aircraft at different altitudes or altitudes where one aircraft suffers power loss. Or by comparing different payloads or different test route profiles that are significantly more demanding on the other aircraft. In fact, I got banned from HBA for pointing out that someone had used intentionally misleading data to make their own project look superior.
Totally agree Can't compare the planes using 86 octane fuel to the planes using 130 octane fuel. WW2 fighhters, Bf 109, Fw 190, Zero, Oscar, Frank, George, ...using 86 octane fuel. The US/UK fighters using 130 octane fuel made them very good fighters in the war. But ...if talking about.. which ones are really one of the best engineering fighter planes. We must compare these planes by using the same octane fuel.
A dear friend of mine was a colleague briefly with Diderick Stapel. His scandal almost destroyed her entire scientific career. Luckily it was found her work was not affected. These cheaters are destroying careers of innocent people. Disgusting and so selfish.
I think the problem is growing, which would indicate that we need higher penalties for fraud in science. Like you said, these con-artists only risk losing their undeserved jobs.
But seeing the penalties higher could 1) discourage honest scientists for doing science for fear of being penalized for a bad (but not fraudulent) study, and 2) encourage bad actors to accuse colleagues of fraud in order to drive them out and increase their own standing in the field. This is likely why harsher penalties aren't already implemented
I think that the real solution is to foster the culture where the negative results are also rewarded, where an interesting hypothesis opens the door to the top jornals even if it was proved to be wrong
@@ShimrraShai punitive approach is a structural factor. But I think the best solution would be to redirect some funding to replication and fraud search, if frauds are caught faster then perception of punishment avoidability would decrease, and misbehaving individuals would not poison the culture.
A quote variously attributed to Mark Twain, Harry Truman and others sums up the pressures that can lead to academic fraud: “Great things can be accomplished when you don’t care who gets credit.”
That's not the same thing... That is If anything more related to academic theft... But the key is that something is actually getting accomplished it's not fake
@@theduckfromthejoke152 A more astute quote, also attributed to Mark Twain, would be: "There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics."
This doesn’t just happen in academia. I worked for a fortune 500 company in research. The pull to report good results and play down bad is huge. This happens at the lowest levels. No one wants to document a mistake made.
We know, but when it happens in academia the resulting deception can be far more widespread and devastating. For example, everything that a company says is already regarded by the average Joe as marketing material, we take it with more than just a pinch of salt. On the other hand, anything a scientist publishes is immediately presumed true by the same average Joe because "science has proven it". Of course, you could reply that all of us should simply become more skeptical and regard scientific publications in the same light as an advertisement for the sponsors of the study, but if it comes down to that then honest scientific research can almost entirely lose its value to society.
Oh definitely. I also worked in a fortune 500 company in their engineering department and senior engineers would do the same to keep the operation running smoothly, until something couldn't just be ignored.
The head of the physics department tried for two years to publish a paper that clearly refuted one of the most quoted sociology studies in one of the top psychology and sociology journals. Never got published. The system is totally broken. Several sociology researchers around the world repeated the same mistakes as the original publisher. No one understood the physics involved.
Saw this at my university during my PhD, and it was rewarded and overlooked. One of the reasons I left the program. The worst one was running and re running simulations till the result was found that met the hypothesis of the funding org, and the papers never indicated the number of time it was re run(100s) to get this single data result.
This was also the reason I left my PhD program. My PI would play with the statistics until he got meaningful results- he would call it a form of art even though everything that lab did went against everything I was ever taught about statistical analysis. It's not worth putting your reputation on the line for an individual who is using you to get ahead in his own career. I would also meet other grad students during TA training that couldn't use lab equipment like a volumetric flask correctly, used wrong glassware for measurements, and had such poor lab skills that it made you wonder how the hell they ended up in a PhD program. I was a computationalist, but even I knew exactly how to do wet lab techniques properly. The other students would be 3rd or 4th year students who had published work using those same skills that were covered in our TA training, and it made no sense how they even got publishable results when they couldn't do really basic chemistry takss. There's just no way they're doing high quality research with skills that are that poor, and I'm positive their PIs never properly trained them on lab techniques.
I wouldn't doubt most of it is fraudulent. I have been researching that quite a bit since 2020 and they started out by using a media campaign to destroy all of the homeopathic and naturopathic doctors, calling them quacks and snake oil salesman. They wanted to be the only option. The amount of illness and death they have caused with their "medicines" is horrific.
During the course of my PhD, I routinely observed Professors marketing their labs with tall promises to lure investors and leaving researchers under tremendous pressure to deliver. Mistakes were made and it was the rare grad student who owned up. The situation is even more stressful for foreign students on a visa who are vulnerable to abuse from the Academic Advisor. In a way, this is a version of what has happened to journalism with once-reputed brands like the New York Times descending into narrative -building and only reporting facts that fit the narrative for their wealthy backers. Sometimes, we need to raze the system to the ground and start over.
When I was working on my PhD and had just started writing up a joined paper with another lab, I remember my supervisor asking me to get the processed data cleaned up as he would probably need to send it over for open access, too. It was the first paper I was working on, so I thought I'd misunderstood and he was after the raw data. My reasoning was that if journals were looking to confirm the results they would need the raw data, because surely anyone could manipulate the processed data?! Well no, as it turns out no one is actually interested in your raw data. That and seeing how nonchalant researchers were about "revising" their exclusion criteria after the fact was what made me decide then and there I wasn't going to continue in academia. I'm sorry to be blunt but if you show me a paper, I automatically assume it's fraudulent unless you can also point me to successful replication studies. Nuff said.
Exactly. I also assume a paper is fraudulent or manipulative unless there is replication of findings with the same methodology and differing methodologies.
Fraud in the industries is probably worse? Lying to customers, share holders, colleagues, and bosses. Cutting corners. Real impostors. Corruption. Exaggerating financial health of companies. Etc.
When I was in graduate school one of the researchers was trying to repeat a prior experiment, but he couldn’t replicate the results. He went back to the original study and studied their methods. He even tried ridiculous adjustments like changing the beakers. Finally he called the original researcher to find where he had ordered the particular enzyme, or if he had synthesized it himself. The man confessed he didn’t use a refined enzyme. Since it was found in saliva, he simply spit into the test tube in an early stage of the experiment! In another instance, during my Father’s research for his Master’s degree. Again he was a poor lost lamb who couldn’t replicate the original data. After many attempts he actually dragged out the exact equipment used by the Doctoral student working (and getting) on his Ph.D. Dad found there was leak in the tubing and the original data was therefore inaccurate!
Take away the 'publish or perish' pressure to start with, and find a way to reward academics for simply being really good teachers! The pressure to publish results in lots of very pedestrian or even more or less worthless papers clogging up journals. Tell academics to only publish when they actually have something worth saying!
My Italian brother-in-law got his PhD in French Lit. from the U. of California. He once told me that all he had to do was "bullsh-t" his way through one class after another. His attitude toward higher education in America was that it was, unlike in Europe, an exercise in mainly faculty politics and administrative propaganda.
I knew a guy just like this. Totally unserious, he never prepared anything, but he had a natural ability to BS in speech or writing. He got A grades in every PhD seminar for spouting nonsense-fluently.
In my experience, my University literally taught these bad practices to entire generations of its students. During my undergrad (in psychology), we had a requisite amount of “research papers” we needed to write for each course in order to be allowed to take that exam. These papers weren’t published in journals, of course, but this practice meant that an 18 year-old college freshman suddenly needs to write 20ish papers per semester in order to be granted the privilege of actually sitting an exam. They weren’t considered a part of the regular course load, they didn’t count towards your grade, they were a bonus. And why? Because very often the professor would assign topics that aligned with their own research topics (which, of course, would be published in journals) and just repurposed bits and pieces of their students’ papers. I remember at first I’d go out and poll people, harass my poor family and friends to fill out endless questionnaires and tests and answer my silly half-baked questions, then spend days meticulously feeding that data into Excel spreadsheets and SPSS and whatnot. And then one day in my final year, my Systemic Family Therapy professor summoned me into her office and said that I should “find another family” to poll (this time I used my best friend’s) because the data was messy. I remember sitting there with my ears ringing staring at my 40 paged paper that I now have to redo. So I went home and wrote a new paper about a family from a book I read at the time. (The book is called We Were Liars by E. Lockhart and centers around dysfunctional family dynamics.) I just answered the way I thought the characters would. And I submitted that paper instead. The professor gave me an A. And because by that point I was already severely disillusioned with everything, I walked out of her office, out of the building, and never set foot in it again. I considered writing her an email telling her this whole story hoping it would make her reflect, but I never did. I just walked out, found a job in an unrelated field, and never completed my degree. But I never stopped wondering how many of my former classmates who are now practicing researchers also succumbed to fabrications and data manipulation during our schooling and how that might be bleeding into their careers now. I hope I was the only one. But I very, very much doubt it.
"because the data was messy" I think by "messy" she meant that the data appeared to contradict itself. When asked to fill out a survey, I can often see what the survey is trying to get at and find that if I answer every question with pure honesty, then the survey would interpret my answer as a contradiction of the previous answer. So the temptation is real (and I have fallen for it), to adjust my later answers so as not to appear to contradict my previous answers. This is due to the shallow nature of the survey and its assumptions of how people should fit into certain boxes. So if I do not fit any specific box, then my answers to certain questions will appear to contradict previous answers. In other words, it is highly probable that your best friend's family provided answers that did not consistently fit into any theoretical boxes in which they could be characterised, and thus did not provide any useful results needed to get those subsidies. A true scientist would respond to this by questioning their assumptions and admitting that there may be a broader spectrum or more boxes than what they are aware of.
John Ioannidis wrote a paper discussing the unreliability of most scientific research due to financial conflicts of interest; blind spots and biases. I approach them with skepticism.
Dr Ioannides, a luminary of the highest level who questioned the Covid narrative early in 2020 based on deep analysis of the Princess Cruise line (“a locked room”), is, ironically, at Stanford.
@@skepticalfaith5201 the point is that JI did the only rigorous analysis of an isolated cohort in a covid19 environment. His work was ignored completely by the “experts”. This is the world we live in. Take the necessary steps to protect yourself.
An honest man is not one who does the right thing when others are looking, but mostly one who does the right thing when no one is looking. Pressure and necessity do not corrupt people; they reveal people.
Well, perhaps, but at the end of the day we'd all be better off with a realignment of incentives. At the end of the day, scientists are not business people, but in the current system you have to be the latter before you can succeed at being the former. Support scientists, not "careers" I say.
@@sirmclovin9184 This has nothing to do with business or science ... confusing apples with oranges is the very core of ... TRUTH vs. LIE starting in the smallest corner of ALL EXISTENCE - your heart ... giving labels to something which don't apply is the proverbial "the road to hell is paved with good intentions" contrary to THE TRUTH!
I've been thinking of getting some data scientists together and starting a nonprofit that looks into these kinds of things in objective and unbiased ways. This has been an issue for a long time and I'm personally sick of hearing about it. Academic institutions and journals don't really have an incentive to do honest and unbiased investigations into allegations of fraud but a watchdog group could create that incentive for them. What I mean is that these institutions can be given an ultimatum to either do a fair and unbiased investigation which is shared with the watchdog group or it will go public with what it has. I would say allow them absolutely no wiggle room; it is not an offer but instead it is a demand. The incentive it creates is that they want to avoid the loss of reputation and damage to their brand. Right now they have the same incentive but it goes the opposite direction.
I had a similar idea about 15 years ago when I spent a day starting to seriously look into the global warming hoax/scam - an independent organisation to track back through every detail of every scientific publication. Obvious problem would be that it would need funding, which means donors or sponsors, who could then exercise influence to corrupt the whole thing. Do you know of Steve McIntyre? He used statistical principles to expose the fraudulent science behind that hoax. Thomas Sowell picked it around 16 years ago: "'Global warming' is just the latest in a long line of hysterical crusades to which we seem to be increasingly susceptible." Feynman knew about corruption and fraud in science, hence his "bending over backwards" comment. He would not be impressed with the present state of science.
thanks for including not only the social science scandals, but also how fraud/fabrication happens in 'hard' sciences. with the recent scandal at Harvard, some commentators use the opportunity to suggest further defunding for soft sciences, while ignoring or not knowing that fraud happens across the whole scientific field.
The soft sciences need to be defunded because they're being used to make POLICY DECISIONS and are influencing ideology at the highest levels of government. Anything with *Studies* at the end of the name needs to be heavily scrutinized until the self circlejerk of "peer review" is replaced with ethical academics. If you were on the receiving end of what some of these Studies has done to the mental health and discourse of our nation at this time, you would understand.
Would just assert that the RATE of fraud is much higher in soft sciences. anything of significance in phys and chem is reviewed carefully. tons of sociology and psych is just baloney that nobody cares to review.
As a chemist who has had a paper retracted, monitoring students and making sure that all agree on the interpretation of the data is important. After 12 years I'm still upset with the student who committed the fraud.
Problems go far much deeper than this video will let you think : they are systematic : i would say 95% of what is called science today is just plain fraud . Here is the probllem whole fields are a joke :Egyptology , archeology , anthropology theoritical physics , , geology , seismology , sociology , psychology , economic science : All these fields are 100ù corrupt , and never have produced anything of value . other fields like history and social studies have been entirely captured by political activists .
Retractions are meaningless now. We've seen retractions issued for Nobel prize winners because they said that IQ is genetic, and another who said that there are only two sexes and it is biological. These innocuous statements that are, on the face, intrinsically unassailable facts were 'outrageous' enough for universities to revoke professorships, retract prizes, and papers from numerous people and destroy their life long careers for refusing the numerous opportunities during communist party style Struggle Sessions to recant their observed reality, much like Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth they chose to stand by what is true, and factual. The very foundation of modern science and academia has been dashed to the winds in the last decade with the amount of straight up politicization and dishonesty present in all fields.
I have worked in catering with PhD. students from Warwick University . Some have told us that cheating to get a PhD was very common. Actually, I remember one of them called Stephanie, who told us she had cheated. But it was OK because everybody did it. Scarry stuff .
i gave up on my academic social science dreams when i got my psycology degree. Not only was i seeing insane/impossible research being posted up and celebrated in the social science building (where i worked during my last 2 terms), but my eyes were opened in one of the final courses about advanced research. We learned about r value, and ill never forget, how to alter your experiment if you dont get the result you want. How to change sample size to impact r-value. How to manufacture results...even if your first "try" doesnt go the way you want. It ate at me until i graduated. This... is not science. I also very much felt like actual scientific discovery was a distant idea and pushing narratives or proving political points was the actual goal. I saw it everywhere and after learning how to evaluate papers based on their methods... I couldnt believe how many were probably fake. I didnt have it in me to fight the politics or go into massive debt to be part of an industry I, now, kind of resented. Its all such a shame, really. I almost cringe at the phrase social "science" these days. I know some are fighting the good fight, but id bet the depth of pseudo scientific papers goes far deeper than many would think.
same here bro. Around 1980 my pysch degree included the standard rubbish and lies about teaching apes to speak using ASL, while Prof. Herbert Terrace and his grad students (eg, Petito & Seidenberg, 1975, review of reviews), had already blown the whistle good and long and hard and debunked it all. Terrace was massively unpopular because the gravy train of research grants and media exposure had been derailed for bogus animal language studies. But the BS version was still being taught in the 1980s at Leicester University. The only reason I knew that it was false was that I instinctively did not believe my lecturer so I did a little digging thru the lecture references and soon found the Petito & Seidenberg paper which very negatively summarised all research up to 1975, proving that it was all hype and wishful thinking. Most psychological research cannot be replicated, a sad fact.
The obvious solution is to increase the status of replication. Any study that has not been replicated at least twice should be considered of no value. Yes, that means there should be at least 2x as many replication studies as original studies.
Most scientists know not to rely on a single study. Depending on the field, scientists often wait until a review paper comes along summarizing around 25 single studies. This cuts down on the effects of fraud.
@@garrettbiehle9714 That's affirmative testing and it's not good enough and is prone to group-think. Let's take the "wet sidewalk causes rain" hypothesis. No matter how many studies I do trying to confirm my hypothesis it's still garbage until I attempt to disprove my hypothesis.
this is all well and good if you don't understand academia. replicating other work doesn't show anyone that you're creative and a good researcher. grad students and postdocs are already grossly underpaid and overworked; we don't have time to do things that don't further our career.
You are forgetting pressure and circumstances. People NEED money to feed families and pay inflated rents. It's much easier said than done when your employer or institution puts enormous pressure on you for 'results' that they want. This is the way our horrible economic system works. It's easier to walk away if you're already wealthy, not so easy if you're struggling to pay the most basic of bills. Even if you change jobs, the vast majority of corporations and institutions behave the same way.
You forget that "Integrity" does not mean the same thing for everyone. For some people, it may be "the Truth, no matter the consequences". But I fear that for many people integrity means "work to build a better world". That's why I believe that in some fields of study, scientists are even willing to lie, as long as it's for a greater cause.
When I was doing my master degree I read several papers in order to learn more about my topic and see if I wanted to pursue PhD (engineering). Then I noticed several papers ended up with a phrase like this " the author considers that results presented in this paper might need to be tested under different scenarios and initial conditions before drawing a conclusion. The author strongly suggests more research about this topic is needed". After discussing this with several doctoral students they confirmed what I thought: a lot of people kind of "fragment" their research topic into tiny subtopics that are easier to deal with because it involves lost of artificial conditions that can be easily controlled but in entails a lot of simplification to the point that any result might be merely an academic excercise with no no practical value. In addition, this atomization of topics into subtopics gives you an opportunity to do more research and get funding for it
The more tragic aspect of dishonest researchers is the public campaigns they'll wage against other researchers if it contradicts their own. So many denouncements from the media savvy (and therefore attention seeking) scientific community are rabid in their critique of potentially groundbreaking research when it comes from individuals or organizations outside the clique. How many advancements have we lost to lack of funding because these people chose to attack an opposing researcher without the access to media?
Your lament is completely comprehensible but THE TRUTH has its own way to come to LIGHT ... pursuing it is THE VERY CHALLENGE THE TRUTH has put before its GATES - IRONIC that the latter is the VERY EPITOME of the opposite of THE TRUTH/LIFE
When I did my PhD, in automatic speech recognition, I tried to replicate the results of other papers. Much of the time I couldn't get the same results. I often emailed and asked for the copies of the scripts they ran but rarely got them often with lame excuses as to why. I found the whole thing quite disheartening.
One solution is to encourage publishing negative findings. You may require more extensive study from neg-find papers to avoid being flooded with them. But publication shouldn't always be about finding sth. Not finding sth after reasonable effort should be valued too
This is a once in a blue moon phenomena. Most scientists take the scientific method seriously. They don’t fudge data to meet their expectations. I would say more often they are guilty of studying something to death because they’re getting funded to do it.
I'm a little on the fence about it. What you research should have, or lead to, practical application that benefits society, right? 'Publish' is just the much broader version of 'turn in your homework' -- Cause if I'm funding you, I want results, otherwise, go fund your own research. Can you see that side? Now on the other hand, if you researched something seemingly worthwhile and it turned up nothing of value, then the discovery of that dead end is itself a discovery.
@@GregMoressthe fundamental problem is that it's being funded by people who want a specific result. When some climate change organization funds climate science, they're not going to fund the same scientist if that scientist doesn't get the "right" result. Just like big pharma expects correct results. Scientists are just people. And people are not stupid when it comes to knowing what is expected of them, even if it's not explicitly stated. There is no good solution, because most funding is from those people looking for specific results, they wont pay if they dont get what they want.
"What you research should have, or lead to, practical application that benefits society, right?" For a definition of 'practical application' that is identical to 'knowledge', sure. You can broadly separate mathematicians into applied and pure. Applied mathematicians work in fields where they use their knowledge of mathematics to work on field-relevant practical applications; they want to make, or help make, the things go. Pure mathematicians, by contrast, do research on mathematical things for other reasons; viz, for the mathematics itself. Its intrinsic beauty and the intellectual challenge of working out the logical consequences of primitive assumptions and formal rules is mostly the ball of wax for them. Whether it turns out to be practically useful is not high on the priority list, if present at all. Yet, the work of pure mathematicians has a curious track record of the mathematics unreasonably proving itself useful to scientists and engineers. But that's just a case of the peculiar interests of some rather unusual folks gone good. It's an outcome they're happy to see, but which is ultimately not really the point. A more curt explanation of this not-exactly-dichotomous separation of this distinction was well-described by Andy Magid as pure mathematics and applied mathematics being a case in which applied mathematics subsumes pure mathematics (restyled as nonapplied mathematics), by which nonapplied mathematics can be defined as being not-necessarily-applied mathematics. @@GregMoress
Fauci leveraged the need for grants to force scientists to create a consensus around his cover ups. I'm not antiscience but its pretty clear that they are all humans at the end of the day
Because good and moral people have difficulty grasping the depth of depravity that greedy, narcissistic and egocentric people are capable of! That's exactly why knowing history and the lesson's of history are supremely important to ALL of our collective futures!
Science and grant money fraud is the worst. Little of the science done is useful or makes money. But a tiny amount done can be very profitable. So tons of blind cash is thrown at useless scientists.
Even more so now.We have a very finite funding group.The US is research for billions in many areas,especially climate science.They’re by far the largest contributor to the hoax so papers need to adhere to their orthodoxy .If you plan to receive any subsequent funding your study results better bolster government claims of catastrophic anthropogenic climate impacts.
I was at a departmental meeting at a university once (not my department) where they stated they were not going to challenge cheeters because they didn't have the time or backing to do it. Sends a good message on what you can get away with. Does not bode well for future researchers.
I came to academia from industry, and have always found it fascinating how academics think they’re above conflicts of interest. “Publish or perish” is itself a conflict of interest. The only solution is open science, and not getting overexcited about studies that have not been reproduced or replicated.
As someone who is finishing their PhD, this upsets me. I work so hard to make sure my data and procedures are above-ground. Someone who knowingly submits a fake report should have their ability to submit future work revoked.
When i was a kid my bestie and i had a science project where we had to replicate an experiment involving running rats thru a maze and seeing if they could run it faster depending on the kind of music they heard. We worked hard building the maze and training the rats. Come experiment time the rats just refused to run the mazes 🤦♀️ we were normally kids who would NEVER cheat or lie, but we became desperate and just made up the data. We got an "A" and got praised and it was awful, but neither of us had the guts to come clean. I never trusted research studies because of that.
@@Shay416 I think it should be remembered that the fraudulent studies are believed to be in the minority. Perhaps 2-14 percent? The trouble is not knowing which ones are or not. I think that's why including steps to reproduce any findings is so important. That way competitor teams can challenge them. However, at present reproducing findings isn't yet properly rewarded by academia.
@@AbAb-th5qeThat number is bigger.. Understanding how this world revolves around money and influence, you can easily assume that number is way bigger.
@@LastTrueElk Hmmm. There is that whole 'wisdom of the crowd' thing that can be used to estimate such things. At a country fair, if people are asked to estimate the weight of a bullock and you take the average of all these estimates it'll be very close to the true weight.
The "publish or perish" paradigm will always lead to people doing whatever they have to do to protect their livelihood. This is EXACTLY why I chose to teach at a JC instead of a university.
The replication crisis, reports about fraud, economical and political pressure and corruption etc. would definitely shock any healthy scientific community. But most of academia and the scientific world is more about power, money and business interests. It's much more widespread than most people think, that's why it isn't taken more seriously. And since politics has its hands in it as well mainstream media will never seriously call this out either
I worked in three different labs (Masters, PhD, and postdoc). Every single one of them had a “don’t touch project” (something that was already published and nobody could reproduce). Some had issues with individual experiments, others with the entire paper. In most cases the PI themselves would oppose that the project was further investigated. We only hear the the scandalous examples, there are thousands of occurrences that slip through the cracks.
@@terrencecescon102 People are scared of challenging (even in the slightest bit) the research of tenured, world renowned scientist because they can mess up your entire career. You can get fired and never find a job in that field again
University of Minnesota has been accused of doctoring images in Alzheimers research. The drug companies, supposedly, started asking why their drugs were having the desired physical effects, but symptoms were not improving. Its been confusing to me what happened with the investigation, though.
It's almost like "if it passes peer review, it's fact" wasn't a good idea. And almost like having journals everybody wants to publish in so the journal is able to fleece everybody for access to those papers, was an even worse idea.
When it comes to these kinds of cases, unscrupulous entities like the CDC, and the WHO should be at the top of this list, along with their accomplices Anthony Fauci, Bill Gates, Bill Nye, and Neil deGrasse Tyson.
I know there's way more disagreeable people listed here, but man o man do I hate deGrasse, pompous loud mouth asshole mooching of off Sagans legacy. You should watch the interview he did with Rogan, even Rogan starts rolling his eyes at a certain point because he just can't shut up.
@@elgatofelix8917You’re mixing up things like psychology/neuro with fields like Chem/physics. Also we can reproduce most of the vaccine research conspiracy theorists are freaking out about. In fact, the original paper that tried to link vaccines was retracted because it had fraudulent data.
In EE and software engineering we do this: one creates a new design, another person tries to falsify it. There is so much reluctance to hide potential weaknesses.
@@socialneuro😊The reality in Electrical engineering is that there is analog & digital. Analog is somewhat more regarded as an art, and often just one person is working for an IP. So here for lack of resources, the design & verification is in one person's hand.
As a grad student for my PhD in Computer Science, I was lucky enough that my advisors were very supportive of MY research. However, I knew other PhD students who used undergraduates for research, especially international students, publishing the UG's research as their own. When I brought it up with the department, they could get none of the UG international students who were used to say anything. They were afraid they'd be kicked out of the university, even when I assured them that it wouldn't happen. Although there was little or no of the profs using students to do their research without adding them to the publication, but now it is rife.
If this happens, it's probably rare. I don't see too many undergrads trying to do PhD level research for kicks TBH. It's not something you can do in your spare time between undergrad coursework
I remember a PhD student showing me his work and telling me how he modified the graphs to reduce the apparent differences in the y values (not deleting data but simply presenting it as having less variance). He told me it's quite common.
That is regularly done in econometrics to massage "data to fit theory"😢 i read a lot of journal articles without any primary data or their sources used to re-run experiments to vetify any claims
Try climate change temperature measurements where they always do this and call it anomalies. They never show the absolute temperature change above say zero C which would show the public how small these" emergency" temperature variations actually are.
Currently completing my master study in statistics. My research project supervisor have asked me whether I want to continue onto PhD. I briefly talked with my supervisor about the topics that I might want to do if I do PhD. But after brief discussion, I decided to not continuing to Phd. Why? Because during the conversation, I realised that all my supervisor thinks of is the endless amount of journal papers that could be churned out from PhD studies. My rant is not related to this video. I just want to say that It is sad and dehumanizing to equate Phd candidates to a piles of journal papers.
Thank you for pointing out the importance placed on result publications can influence such fraud. The infamous Stanford prison experiment is a prime example of how such fraudulent results can have profound implications on the public psyche.
@@Shay416 yes. But that's ok, because to paraphrase a New York Times editor that commented on it in 2018 after scientific review exposed the fraud "it FEELS like what should have happened, so that's how it should be reported..."
Oh in my masters program the dude running it literally tortures us with strange group work and forces us to be lab rats without proper informed consent.
This is why I love art forgers - they expose the "experts." Government people do this all the time - they start with a social agenda and then throw out or ignore all the data that does not support it. After all, they pay no price for being wrong. Integrity and dignity are not the same thing - a scientist can look dignified but his integrity can be as shallow and dishonest as a three dollar bill.
I like how you point out that the most prestigious journals, that literally decide who will have a career, are unable to provide better peer review than other journals. Academia has many problems and evaluating researchers based on journal prestige (aka JIF) and paper count ('productivity'), in my opinion, is at the core of all of it. Including the incentives to falsify study results... and the second I finished writing this comment you get into this yourself, in the video. :) Thank you for this great video! People need to know about these kinds of things.
Thank you for calling out the feudal relations between grad students, postdocs, and professors. If you expect ethical integrity of upcoming scientists, demoralizing them from the start is hardly a good idea. The abusive relations also attract psychological abusers into science, or turn honest students into people who seek status to get payback for the abuse they endured. This is sick.
I am an old man and I have found in life people often have formed their beliefs prior to doing research or any extensive study. Their desire is to prove what they assume to be true and often turn a blind eye to anything that disproves that and seek to prove their point. That's why blind studies are necessary, and not just one but several. We all have preconcepts than may be wrong. Takes a strong person to accept that.
Experiment registration and complete public data access after publication could be a first step. Elimination of publishers that only leech money from publicly funded research while limiting access is another step.
If you want free access I suggest SCI-HUB run by people who believe knowledge should be freely available to everyone. You'll find free access to just about everything published hundreds of thousands of papers.
I highly suspect that the focus of mis-directed Alzheimer's research on amyloid plaque and tau tangles for many years may have been affected by scientific fraud. Having lost my mother and mother-in-law to the disease, this is very personal!
@@John-uh8kl Big pharma spent many years going down a blind alley with drug development. Not to mention many millions spent and the lives lost in the meantime.
Pride of authorship can have horrible consequences not only to the science community, but the human race. And it’s difficult to let go once the material is out there, and published. Getting it wrong is one thing, knowing it’s wrong is another.
Well, now I’m even more confident than ever that I can trust my doctor and the media when they insist that all the medications and behaviors they promote are “safe and effective”.
you can tell how good a doctor is based on the gifts patients bring them. my doctor has like a thousand gifts on his walls. This is because people who a cured are generaly greatful.
I'm 77 & I figured out that science people are just as likely to be phonies as any other group of people about the same time I hit high school. Long story but I was disillusioned by people who I was told were people to look up to & finding out how petty & uninterested in the truth most of them were!
As an undergrad I had to take a statistics course. I ended up having to take one taught by a social scientist since it fit my schedule better than the ones in the math department. Most of the instructor's emphasis was on how to pick the best models to get the best results. Things like how much data you could discard and which curves it was easiest to make the data fit didn't really help me though and I dropped the course and took stats a semester later.
I failed math. I took remedial math classes all the way until I graduated. Don't get me wrong, I can do math . . . just I can't take the tests. Statistics was so easy, so relaxed compared to anything I had taken since middle school! The teacher was GREAT, we did a hybrid format where he recorded his lessons and then had open office hours " the videos were RECENT, not something he had made a decade prior." I aced that class, to the shock of my family. Why did I ace it? He presented course work and a pitch at the very beginning that hooked me in. He forewarned us that throughout the course we would be seeing how things can be manipulated and why ALL things you read should be scrutinized. He even had bunk research we had to analyze and it was so fun tearing things up and knowing exactly WHY. The whole semester was about ethics, how numbers actually work in research, and the dangers of taking things at face value. It was amazing. It was also my last class to graduate and it cemented my belief that I would NEVER go into academia . . . . It is sad that this was all allowed, the only fix for it is banning outside "investment" grants from corporations and special interests while properly funding schools. We need a 180 on education, we need to regress back 70+ years to the times when we actually had a significant amount of our GDP being put into these places so that the "publish or die" mentality that is necessary now to keep the lights on will become unnecessary.
Well, human behavior and cognition is very different than chemicals and other matter, and so some of it makes sense in trying to concretize something that's abstract. It would be nice for social sciences to have their own quantitative methods separate from stats, but alas.
My entire college statistics course centered on how to manipulate data to get a specific outcome. Very useful later in life as a government employee trying to get funding/support for projects.
@@hekili-machine3933 That's what the social science prof was teaching. I was still wanting there to be one right answer though. If we don't want AI to lie we shouldn't let it find out about statistics. Because, as the saying goes, there are liars, damned liars, and statisticians.
I don't understand how the reputation of Science and Nature don't seem to take a hit when so many papers they publish come out as false. I understand they can't be expected to replicate the study, but at this point are they even looking at the data or just the headline?
Science and Nature are in competition for the flashiest 'science'. That is their business model. The fact that the 'Emperors have no clothes' is beside the point - Science and Nature papers can be career makers. No one has an incentive to point out the scientific nudity, especially not once they have a paper or the hope of a paper there. This is widespread - take a prestige journal in a more specific field - The Lancet - it has survived numerous obvious fraudulent studies, many of a political nature, and an editor-in-chief who bemoans the state of fraud in medical journals. Yet it is still 'respected'.
The headlines are often picked up by AI to guesstimate stock options. For example recently South Korea stated it discovered LK-99 a room temperature super conductor. That is a bullshit attack upon the economy.
Generally speaking, the majority of scientific research and university research is contrived. Some of the research topics are absolutely Absurd and it baffles the mind that they are able to receive Financial grants based upon the ludicrous topics. Our Senator Rand Paul has frequently called out universities on their bizarre research. In addition, research findings are so easily manipulated. They’re absolutely manipulated particularly if the end result was going to Disprove their initial theory. They will only receive research grant funding if it validates the individual agenda of the people providing the research grants. Always follow the money. Generally, people who fund their own research are in it for the better good. They want to better society. Those are the individuals that are usually un alived then shut down and discredited.
There's also "Publish what we want or perish" which seems to be how grant money in some fields is distributed. Much of this is related to the alliance between government and science which happened during WWII. The ties have grown even stronger ever since and often leaves one wondering if it's science or politics.
I want to thank you for all your comments. There are so many issues and ideas that people have raised here. I plan to make another video soon that addresses some of these.
The first time I ever went to use an affiliate link and it would let me change my country so I couldn't use it!! Thanks for the recommendation and intelligent discourse
In the US we are raised to have complete faith in teachers, scientists, and experts. For most of us, things we don't fully understand are like experiencing true magic. We see but don't understand so just accept it. When that faith is shattered, major damage occurs when truth gets thrown out with the lies. On the other end, when we cling to a view of scientist as being fully inerrant and objective, it causes damage because we stop thinking critically and just accept all.
Well-- in your defense-- the US has the DUMBEST, MOST IGNORANT, LEAST EDUCATED, MOST PROPAGANDIZED, MOST INFANTILE population on the planet. What do you expect???
Why do you think "honor thy father and mother" was a commandment? Respecting your elders has always been a cornerstone of a functional society, and every functioning society imprints that characteristic on its youth. The problem is that our elders aren't trustworthy.
That's why I'm against the Scientificism . The totally blind faith that normal people have in Science, not knowing how this works. They need to be aware that sometimes they don't have all the answers and some people is supposed to fail or commit fraud .
Another example of (as Bret Weinstein suggested) the peer review process is little better than the rating companies ascribing AAA to worthless instruments resulting in the 2008 financial collapse. A lot of good science is fund on pre-print servers, but, if it challenges an orthodoxy, it will never get published.
If it's truly ground breaking it often gets picked up twenty years later by someone in a different field. That person can build a career on it, but the original researcher will have probably gone on to work in game design or something even further removed from their original research.
I abandoned the physiological research in biology largely because even in classes we were systematically drilled to fiddle with data. Increase some contrast, select some excerpt, redo readings that did not fit etc.That is a craft in itself, you always find ways to favour the results that you want or were told to come up with. And unless people rerun the exact same experiments and your results were bent too heavily it is very rare that you will ever be made responsible. It is thus only those frauds that, like burglars who become reckless, on the long run overstretch their credit and become suspicious who are eventually exposed. I concluded that most number based experimental sciences are quite futile and only the theory behind them (if any) worthy of scientific discussion. The numbers and diagrams should be treated as ornaments.
Fraud in science is encouraged when a scientist has to PAY for their work to be published.... instead of research journals creating a line for publishing, perhaps they should re-test the work to see if they can duplicate the results. Expensive, sure, but we can weed out a level of stupidity .
@@connorperrett9559That's why you should use SCI-HUB to read and DL research papers and journals that are usually behind a paywall. There is a community of people around the 🌎 who believe in the free and open access to knowledge therefore they liberate the scientific papers.
This is disturbing, but from my own experiences in school and life, it hardly surprises me. The widespread perception of science and scientists as authorities on reality itself is concerning, especially when it takes a discerning and skeptical, as well as rather educated mind to be able to question those who assume the mantle of authority. No problem if those who are in that position are trustworthy, but indeed “why wouldn’t it happen in science too?” So long as there is an agenda, it’s realistic to expect there to be an incentive to fake results and extrapolate and manipulate data to fit a narrative.
The patrons of the sciences don't want the truth. They want the priestly sanction of scientists to support their agendas, since the institution of science has become the dominant modern religion. This is why you have political leftists trying to crush even the slightest question about certain topics I hesitate to mention on UA-cam, and why you also have right-wingers funding creationist or pro-fossil fuel studies that, while under better circumstances would be useful questioning of dominant scientific consensus, actually become useless because their patrons would withdraw funding if anything contrary to them were discovered by the studies.
The issues I keep seeing in almost every sector of work is three fold. Submission to authority even if that authority is wrong. Refusal of authority to accept questioning despite people offering legitimate concerns for safety an ethics. And finally external pressures to provide results or be replaced with no further recourse. I find it interesting that behavioral studies have had to investigate themselves and found a lot of false/misleading/non-replicated reasearch; but also how this falsified information them relates back to their some of their findings on human behaviour in that sphere of research. Not only that, it also has exposed questions about fraud, in hard sciences, that also relates back to the behavioural sciences research into human behaviour again. It is a very odd sort of situation to be watching from the outside.
@@evangelicalsnever-lie9792 Are you sure about that? Have you read the bible, or have all the misquotes, misattributions, and general abuse of the text made the bible the source of the fault?
@@enkephalin07 Yep, I'm sure. It's a real POS just like those who think it isn't. But hey, if you wanna be like a toddler and believe in things like; talking snakes, magic trees, talking burning bushes, talking donkeys, talking clouds, 900 year old men, Magical Boat in Magical Storm, Bakery Goods Falling From The Sky and Water-walkin' magical woo wizards who zap trees, part seas, and poof magical party wine into existence… …then have at it and continue to prostlitize and try to convince the world to join you in your weak mindedness, religious sheeple herd mentality - knock yourself out.
Good we could use some more dishonesty in order to bypass Truism and find real Truth. Its a valuable tool to poison degeneracy and scalp that data forcibly. After all what does anyone care about the butt dialed opinions of one-liners anyway. If you are not capable of deceit, you are not smart but stupid. Prediction correct, yet it did nothing for you, try again at another Pyrrhic victory pounding sand with unfounded morals.
Its common practive to just slam your name on papers you cant even start checking. Manufactoring publications would slow down lot if all co authors had to check all data
@@Samirustem -- The supervisor works every day with colleagues and subordinates. He gets daily progress reports from them. Not only are their reputations at risk but so is his. That cheating is occurring in all of the sciences is an open secret. If a result seems too good to be true, it may not be true. Checking that is his responsibility. That's why he's the boss and they're not.
Here's a link to Stuart Ritchie's book on Scientific Fraud: amzn.to/3srjiW6 (an affiliate link). If you're concerned about fraudulent research making its way into the literature and would like to support the work of a group focused on its detection, please consider supporting Data Colada's Legal Defense team at www.gofundme.com/f/uhbka-support-data-coladas-legal-defense?+share-sheet& From the gofundme.com page: Leif Nelson, Joe Simmons, and Uri Simonsohn are professors who together publish the Data Colada blog. In June 2023, they published a series of blog posts raising concerns about the integrity of the data in four papers co-authored by Harvard Business School (HBS) Professor Francesca Gino. They waited to publish these blog posts until after the HBS’s investigation concluded, with HBS placing Professor Gino on leave and requesting retractions for the four papers. In early August 2023, Professor Gino filed a lawsuit for defamation against Harvard University, and against Leif, Joe, and Uri personally, claiming 25 million dollars in damages. Defending oneself in court is time-consuming and expensive regardless of the merits of the lawsuit - as First Amendment lawyer Ken White put it to Vox , “The process is the punishment.” Targets of scientific criticism can thus use the legal system to silence their critics.
What an excellent video. In seeing over the last few years the mis-, dis-, and mal-information promulgated by iconic public health agencies/organizations & big pharma, it’s important to understand the mindset of those involved. For example, I’d love to know if there is a link between hoarding behavior and those who commit fraud to amass sums of money that can’t be spent in many lifetimes, much less one.
When I was in the military I had to read a lot of medical papers and I came to the conclusion that a lot of that stuff is just subjective, and if it matches what theyre looking for, it's promoted. Some of the conclusions they purport makes no sense, but whatever man.
If only it was university leaders that were held criminally accountable for the work of their 'superstars', and whistleblowers were *really* protected. Would things change?
Chemist at a company in 1970’s. We were not allowed to send failing environmental tests. We had to retest until we passed, then send the reports in to the state. Me and a buddy quit asap and went into other pursuits.
This is great a coverage of a spicy scientific scandal! I notice that this video has grabbed a higher amount of views in a short amount of time compared to your other videos. Thank you for the upload.
Researchers found that curcumen caused the death of all, that's all, cancer cell lines in vitro...what the researchers then did, was make the simple conclusion that the concentrations used in viro, couldn't be achieved in the body ie.. in vivo. This writer, faced with squamous cell carcinoma the size of a ping pong ball, and it was growing so fast that it had burst through the skin and was bleeding...took 10 minutes to find a way of getting the oil soluble curcumen into the blood stream, due to remembering the alpha-lipoic acid is almost equally miscible in oil as it is soluble in water.The molecule pick s up the curcumen making it, the combination, soluble in the blood. My cancer? Completely gone in 10 days.. 300mg curcumen with black pepper extract 300mg alpha-lipoic acid 1mg methylcobalamin daily. The faster the cancer cells are dividing, the quicker the curcumen is able to act.
Listening to this I'm wondering how often this happens in private industry for internal studies where there's even less pressure for accountability than academia. Currently I'm learning data analytics and this makes me curious about how often people at companies during the data cleaning phase unintentionally skew their results due to being uninformed. A lot of these individuals are not necessarily trained in the scientific method through academic rigor but learn on the job or DIY online. Compounding this their superiors may sometimes know even less about data analysis, yet they are making "data driven decisions" for the company... 🤔 This is kinda frightening considering millions of dollars can be on the line.
Difficult to say. My experience with private enterprise is that it's usually pretty badly run. However if your product is technology, you will be judged by how well your products perform, and how well you market them. About thirty years ago, a room-mate of mine spent several co-op semesters coding for IBM. He wasn't very impressed with how their product development was managed. How has IBM been doing in the last thirty years, in terms of product development and marketing?
It's not internal studies you should be worried about. These will likely be done with the utmost integrity, they just want to know the truth and then weigh it in their decision making to their advantage. It is the external studies that are suspect. The external "independent" party will be fully aware that producing a desired result will likely yield more jobs from the same company or a competitor. "If you need scientific support for your case, these are the guys to go to".
@@MartinMaat That's right. There was a study contracted out for the Covid Vaccine in Texas that I remember reading about. where the consulting firm really botched it. Of course internal studies could also be subject to pressure to get the desired result as well. You got a product coming to market and it needs to get the appropriate approval. People's jobs could be on the line. That might be one reason why they got to external studies.
@@MartinMaat I suppose it really depends on the intent of the people conducting the study and who's applying pressure. I don't think that external studies would be necessarily more prone to people trying to achieve a particular result. I seem to remember a lot of cases of outside independent studies uncovering some really important information in the government for instance that was either glossed over or practically covered up. Also a lot of large companies may be incentived to make numbers look better for very particular stats for instance environmental pollution in order to avoid regulations and/or fines. I can imagine any other number of reasons as well. I was less concerned about intentional malfeasance in my question and more so with unintentional error; people simply lacking the expertise to know they are making mistakes. A sort of Dunning Krueger effect I suppose. I know there was that whole replication crisis in psychology. You know what I mean. The market is a complex set of variables and it's easy to attribute one thing or another to the success of a company or a product but we can't always be sure. Look at stock picking and how people have tried experiments such as having their cat pick stocks to see if they can beat the market.
worked with one of my professors in my first job. watched her fabricate every scrap of a study paid for by a benign food manufacturers trade association. invented out of thin air. $25k in her pocket plus a tax deductible trip abroad. instantly red pilled.
Sounds to me like we need to revise the incentives we impose on researchers. And increase the punishment for fraud, to really disincentivize fraud. 14:27 oh...
I dont consider myself better than others. I dont like cheating because work feels meaningless and that is depressing. But i can see how if your goal is just reward like fame and money why not to cheats. I seriously would question even 14 percent. Much of cheating scients do they are not even admiting to themselves. I often wanna ask people around me and how is that not faking data. But i know if tou even hint that they will be very ofended and not plesent to dwal with that.
@@SamirustemNot a scientist, but a human that has on occasion “cheated”, and I can tell you it never goes away those times have stayed with me forever, even since as a child. So I always try to take the bullet now, and the pain may be greater, but it’s short term, and the relief is palpable. We all are flawed humans. But we can learn.
it's never possible to eliminate fraud and nefarious activities, but with a comprehensive system of responsibility, checks and balances in place, it is possible to make it very hard to get away with it for long. I'm thinking of the example of the accounting profession. embezzlement is almost impossible unless everyone from the bookkeeper on up is in on the scam.
I have a VERY hard time trusting social and psychological sciences and doctors due to a literal lifetime of dealing with them due to a borderline addict mother and other difficult family already, to know the literature is rife with fraud was hardly surprising to me. The ease with which diagnoses change from Dr to Dr can be jawdropping, and the actual benefits of 100% of the treatments are wishful thinking, if not criminal, in my experience and opinion. At 17yo I spent the summer driving my mom to Duke 3x week for electric shock treatment (they called it ECT electro cardio t something idr exactly never did) Long story short, every bit of it sucked and was traumatizing not just to mom, but to our entire family, and greedily I say myself. She died and was resuscitated the last time. They tried to hide it. It was horrible. This was summer of 1990. She killed herself just over a year ago.
I find scientific fraud fascinating perhaps because it explains a lot of what I have seen in my career. First, in grad school, there was a faculty member who routinely published (experimental) papers using human subjects in high-impact journals-yet we rarely saw her lab running subjects and her doctoral students were often twiddling their thumbs…and, in fact, she could not keep a student in her lab-and I have heard she was later quietly dismissed from her position. We all jokingly used to say she was fudging data…but I don’t think any of us actually thought a renowned scientist could be THAT unethical. Then, at my post-doc institution, there was another highly-prolific faculty member who was very much like that…and I found that deeply perplexing-but, again, I didn’t think a famous scientist could engage in data fraud! But, boy, how the research world has changed in the recent years!!! I actually read some of the retracted papers in the behavioral/social sciences. One thing I have noticed is that they all seem to report HUMONGOUSLY significant results, statistically speaking, based on VERY subtle manipulations (e.g., signing a document at the top vs. the bottom; holding cold drinks vs. warm; posing in a certain way vs. another, etc. etc.). We should ALL voice concerns if somebody obtains such huge effects yet nobody else can replicate it…and that becomes a pattern, like what we have seen with some prolific scholars who have yet to be reprimanded publicly... Harvard and Stanford have ostensibly been good about handling these cases around research conduct, but others do not seem as proactive-because they are certainly aware of the allegations. I could only imagine how many of those scholars are enjoying cushy academic positions at world’s top institutions when their entire careers may have been established on fraud…
![How to Lie Your Way to $34 Billion [Nikola Motors Fraud]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/88fWUZhYb04/mqdefault.jpg)
Had a boyfriend in th 1970's, in college. He was working in chemistry. He told me about a summer job he had one year testing for pharma companies; he was only allowed to report positive findings.
I have known people over the years who said the same about their lab groups. Eek!
I would guess big pharmacy is the cradle of fraud.
same in my lab (grad student in virology/pharmacology). dont know anyone in the research field allowed to report negative findings, because people consider these to be worthless. i plan to leave research after i graduate grad school
@@shirasagi9390what are your plans besides research?
@@ahdorbfidks i have a DVM so i plan to work as a clinician and help animals and people. i realized that doing good around me in my life is a top priority for me, and that the research field is corrupt so i wouldn't be able to do this as a researcher. this isnt to say that healthcare isn't corrupt, but if i have my own clinic i can decide to be honest and good towards my patients without a boss telling me to falsify something or keep quiet about something that is harming people. as a researcher i would always have had someone above me telling me what to do, which isnt something i'd want in a corrupt and toxic environment
There are a few trends that I noticed as a graduate student in science that I think can create the conditions for fraud. The first is obviously "publish or perish," which most scientists are well aware of. The second is the feudal relationship between postdocs, tenured professors, and grad students. As a grad student, you rely on your advisor to graduate, and more likely than not their word determines a lot of what your career prospects after graduation will be. Truthfully, there is a lot of pressure even in the best of circumstances to just nod your head and do exactly what your advisor says, regardless of if you think it's dodgy or incorrect. The third is that, to be honest, academia is rife with egotism, and the trend only gets worse as you climb higher up the ladder. I can think of multiple faculty members off of the top of my head who were textbook narcissists, and even those who weren't still engaged in destructive and abusive social behavior on a shockingly regular basis. We have this perception that academics are harmless, shy nerds, but in fact many of the ones I have met have god complexes that would rival the most paranoid of European kings, and the problem tends to get worse the more obscure or "difficult" (an extremely subjective judgment, all things considered) their chosen field happens to be.
Trust God not sinful humans, which is why we always have to cross check(funny how the phrase includes the word cross) and test every scientific claim and result. Science is becoming a kind of religious faith, this is an offense to authentic spiritual religious faith and truth and a perversion and distortion of science.
really good insight
Fauci and Co?
If someone is in a shit field, doing jack all it's not entirely unsurprising their ego might get fragile or maybe that's what attracted people with fragile egos to begin with. Either way it sounds like something that might occur organically. And with stuff like tenure it's hard to break the strong chemical bond of mutual abuse. But then again just because someone has an overactive ego doesn't necessarily mean they are bad at their job or engaged in fraudulent practices, it could mean a lot of different things.
this, well said
I have a masters degree in data analytics and out of all of the coding and software and AI I learned, I have to say the most valuable thing I learned was how to actually read and understand published studies and data sets. The amount of crap data in these scientific journals is baffling. I just laugh whenever I hear someone say "trust the science". They have no idea how to read and decipher data to come to a statistically significant scientific conclusion.
WOW, I believe you I really hope people like you go & expose liars with their lies & misinformation because spreading misinformation and falsified data is really dangerous & sometimes could be deadly
I have near 100% scientific formula that has never been proven wrong.
Crap/bias dataset plus/or crap/bias formulas always equals crap/bias outputs.
It's so annoying seeing people use data to draw false conclusions because they don't know how to interpret statistics or because they know that others can't and they just want to manipulate people
Also went down the data analyst path and I’ve gotten in arguments with Doctors before about what the data says vs what they are relaying in information.
@@TedBilk They don't care, they just want to be right because 1. It feels good to be and 2. They're literally *scared* of being wrong, people can't accept they've been propagating bad information for years. They'd rather double, then triple down on the lie to avoid guilt and feeling stupid, and find anything they can use to justify that.
That's why I think those that are the most avid about their beliefs are actually the most self conscious of them, they're desperate for those ideas to be validated.
I watched a prominent dental researcher delete information right in front of me that failed to support our hypothesis. Not even an attempt to hide it. I became very skeptical of research that day. I haven’t changed my mind. That was 20 years ago.
I work with a relatively well published geochemist (not in academia though) who regularly deletes datapoints that do not yield the results they want.
I tried to discuss this with him in a polite way, and the only response I got was "You don't have a PhD like me, so you don't know anything about science". I "only" have a 4 year bachelor of science...
@@cerealport2726 PhD programs are basically long job interviews with Establishment science.
@@cerealport2726 He committed the Appeal to Authority Fallacy.
@@cerealport2726
Don't get discouraged though pointing towards THE TRUTH, in EVERY WALK of life... THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN has overwhelming numbers of DISCIPLES and the more notorious and the more accolades - issued by THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN itself to signal status (not to be confused with knowledge forget about truth) - they carry as a smokescreen the more cautious one should be about what they are spewing into the world. Never let yourself be fooled into agreement overwriting a doubt signal... truthful traveling!
@@cerealport2726 I've been starting to view modern science as an adoptive religion for the dispossessed the older I get. And I'm an atheist...
Fraud occurs in science because
1. Its easy to do.
2. Academics is a power hierarchy
3.Peer review is not designed to catch fraud or bad science
4. Peer review is method to navigate the power hierarchy.
5. Political pressure
6. University pressure
7. Follow the money
8. There is no real accountability making all the above possible: taking enormous risks, turning uncertainty into certainty with magic, ...
9. "Science" has gone far and wide beyond its own scope transgressing borders of politics, religion and economics where it should never have been
10. Science is confounded with technology. We can make things we don't understand. This gives undue credit to "advances of science" which are really advances in technological manipulation
11. "Science" is an intricate illusion from a fixed gaze of perceived progress like a Penrose stairs which explains why the pitfall is not noticed
12. Divorcing science from philosophy made all of the above possible.
11. publication bias
On the money...well said🤚
Scientific research is now more about eminence than it is about evidence. The power dynamics between institutions, journals and individual research also really exacerbate this.
"Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts" - physicist Richard Feynman
It's important to note that even if the fraud rate is between 2 and 14%, considering fraudulent papers are more likely to have more impactful findings, thus being cited often, and that they can go decades without being found, we might have entire fields built on top of decades of fraudulent data. The actual cost of this fraud is much larger than it appears on the surface.
Like with the Alzheimer’s paper that was later proven to be false and essentially waisted years of research that was based on its findings
As with the early studies on transgenderism. These poorly done and fraudulent studies are still being quoted to manipulate the narrative.
*cough* evolutionary psychology *cough cough* IQ *cough* phrenology *cough wheeze cough*
And moreover, a lot of retracted papers get citations even after being retracted. Sometimes as examples of, say, "what not to do", but also as supporting evidence.
@@sideways5153watch your mouth
the much bigger problem is institutionalized corruption
Too much bureaucratic control ...
DIE bureaucracy is the heart of much of it.
Having funded many "academics" to the tune of many millions of dollars, and having worked amongst them for decades as the CEO of an R&D company, I can assert with surety that you are 100% correct, but perhaps a bit understated. In over 15 years of being forced to fund academics in order to win research grants, my company never received one, not ONE, usable result of any kind from any of the 20 or more parasites we funded. It is a racket, a con game, and academia needs to be legally gutted, and rebuilt from the ground up.
Hahaha, another one who is totally fooled.
@@machobunny1 just like every other institution...banks, medicine, government etc etc etc
Not only fraud, but something that shocked me when I attempted (and left) a PhD program was the amount of absolutely useless papers. I had read a lot of papers before the program, but I had only been reading the best ones.
There are mountains of papers that are virtually useless and the authors know it (at some level) as well. They are just useful enough to get an off-hand citation by some of the lab's friends, but not much else. But if you don't keep the paper factory going, you lose funding.
I think incentives in academia need to be drastically changed, but that isn't my fight. (Incentives for teaching professors are also really messed up, but that is a different topic).
I think the modal number of citations for most research papers is 0 or 1!
*isn't it only useless if it contains no data or false data?*
Elizabeth Bik deserves enormous credit for unearthing many many science fraud cases, including the stanford one.
You’re right! I should talk about in a future video.
I
Now imagine an AI using their "research" as training data and then offering decision-making scenarios that are possibly life-altering based on complete lies.
Which is why AI won't be useful until it learns enough to evaluate it's inputs and integrate new inputs with older pretrained networks. As it is you can train a LLM to be a flat earther, know sociology but nothing about religion, or to be unable to separate fiction from nonfiction. But you can't train it to become more that it is without retraining pretty much the whole model.
We are here already. Minus AI.
This is why its crucial that negative studies be published. If they are not, then whats the point of using AI?
@@michasosnowski5918 it's not just AI. Anyone with real world experience knows nothing ever always goes as planned. Some of these studies have to be intentionally misleading people. But there's no way to tell which ones.
@@jumperpoint
AI will not LEARN anything but the cheating being taught by THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN ... promoting it as its saviour!
Even allowing professors to insist you purchase their books for university courses opens the door to fraudulent teaching and conflict of interest.
Only time I’ve ever been ok with this practice was the college required every class to require a book (even if they weren’t going to use one.)
The professor created the simplest book he could and charged as little as he could.
Then, he also emailed us as soon as he could telling us we didn’t need the book and not to buy it.
The one person, in our class, that did buy the book, he pulled out his wallet and bought the damn book back from them. - absolute legendary human and probably my favorite professor for both class material and life.
It’s ridiculous that it even had to come to that point. The entire college book fiasco is completely asinine as well.
By book do you mean 50 printer pages stapled together?
@@skaylingop9673Hah... you've never visited or attended a community college, have you? Book sales are there to supplement incomes.
It's those eyes. Just his eyes tell everything, they were psychopathic.
How else would you teach a non-introductory course in a fast-paced field?
I graduated physics (specialising in nuclear physics) in 1996.
While doing my graduate research the team in the next office over was trying to get a paper published, the exact topic is irrelevant but it obviously also involved nuclear physics.
They found it impossible to publish, no publication would accept their paper, which was reviewed and reviewed again many times and found accurate by all reviewers.
The problem? The conclusions from the research didn't match the political and ideological agenda of the publications' sponsors, groups like Greenpeace and various countries' green parties and anti-nuclear lobby groups.
They were told this quite bluntly by major publishing houses like Reed-Elsevier (name just an example), and told that unless they 'adjusted' their data and conclusions to match "properly acceptable conclusions" they would never be published.
This team took the moral high ground and refused to budge, many others would do as told and choose fraud over being turned into obscure unknowns.
Îs there any way to find that paper? As a person interested in nuclear Physics, I would love to know more. Their attitude was repulsing and capitalism is absolutely horrible.
@@SannaJankarinI don't know, it was performed in cooperation with the Russian academy of sciences. They probably have it in their archives somewhere, but I doubt this is the era to gain access to those :)
And now after decades of that fraudulent research compounding on itself, governments use it as a pseudo religion that is completely unquestionable unless you're an "expert." And if you are, and you happen to be counter to the narrative theyre trying to propagate for control and profits, you don't exist.
Then people turn around and tell you to "trust the science" or just call you a "science denier" which at this point is starting to remind me of "heretic".
That’s so bloody infuriating. Nuclear power is the only mature technology we have that can produce reliable, cheap, and CLEAN energy. Anyone on Team Green who disavows nuclear power is either a grifter or an idiot.
The burying of nuclear technology and research is one of the worst crimes in human history.
I teach geology at a small college, and this is what I warn my students about every semester. Thanks for posting.
This is highly commendable for someone in your field.
There should be zero tolerance for fraud or highly questionable research. Science doesn't need cheater, and the scientists that do should seek a different career.
I wonder which other one... maybe in banking and trading?
@@nocturnomedieval -Spiritual healing retreats or maybe cult?
good luck distinguishing this from studies that are controversial.
the MUCH bigger problem has been control over perfectly valid results that contradict economic gain.
the idea that youre going to somehow address the entire academic and industrial science application process and then at the end apply a morality "no questionable research" at the end? Maybe rethink how anything actually happens.
Most research is wrong
The "elite" is fooling and enslaving you with technology 👉 The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖
Also I think it's worth noting how easy it is to categorize a study as "peer reviewed". You can't trust a study just because it's labeled peer reviewed. You have to actually understand who is reviewing and how they are connected because the fraud is all connected.
I met someone online, someone with PHD in architecture, teaching at a public university. She outright told me how she published her relatively simple assignments college, recommending her friends as peers for peer review so she can satisfy the government's publishing criteria to get the position which was guaranteed to her anyway. And it is not uncommon in my country, so many international articles specifically talk about my country's cases lmao, that bad...
And it is basic academic fraud, that is rampant in my country. Intention isn't to get awesome results but just meet the publication criteria to advance in your career.
From what I see, she actually loves her field and does not slack in her research, but also "plays the game" when needed because that is literally what everyone is doing and expected to do.
(so many positions are determined within the university already but public universities have to release a formal job ad with criteria to meet, which is often just copy pasted credentials of the person. Like they literally write the name of their thesis and say "should've researched X" and sometimes it is laughably specific.)
I strongly suspect that most "peer reviewing" consists of checking the index to ensure that the reviewer's paper has been referenced, and the name is spelt correctly.
If the peer reviewing the paper is even who they say they are. I’ve heard of professors giving papers to graduate students to review for them.
To add to this beyond deception sometimes part of the problem is the amount of effort involved in peer review being limited in rigor perhaps because researchers are stressed for time between classes the need to write research proposals for grant funding managing grad students and their own work. In academia scientists are expected to do so much work often for limited pay with the threat of losing your job with publish or perish.
A good example of a prominent area of research which looks increasingly to have a serious potential problem is cosmology as the conditions to meet high statistical significance without assuming a model mean such work is currently beyond most of the field and often it can be forgotten what implicit assumptions are being made and what biases may get fixed into those models ultimately throwing data off. If lots of work has been built on top of such biases this can create scenarios where the field as a whole feels under attack by such work.
Sabine's interview with Dr. Sarkar is a great example of research where a Noble Prize is involved making the response to aggressively attack criticism even if it is rigorous data analyses stands out
ua-cam.com/video/B1mwYxkhMe8/v-deo.html
Notably here is the response when faced with evidence that the data analysis of the initial supposedly Nobel prize winning work is problematic to say the least.
And with follow up work by Nathan Secrest et al 2021 which uses the requirement that the CMB dipole be purely kinematic for Lambda CDM to be valid to perform a falsification test using a sample size of 1.36 million quasars to construct a dipole that can be compared to the CMB to check whether it is statistically within the measure of uncertainty given identical in magnitude and direction to the CMB dipole. The initial results found a whopping 4.9 sigma discrepancy more or less falsifying the underlying assumption for the observable universe forcing one to return to the general inhomogeneous and anisotropic cosmology where everything is irreducibly nonlinear and no analytical solutions exist. Unsurprisingly looking at the expected kinds of outcomes for such a universe based on supercomputer simulations it can be mathematically proven based on the proof by self contradiction provided in Matthew Kleban and Leonardo Senatore's work on Inhomogeneous and anisotropic cosmology (Matthew Kleban and Leonardo Senatore JCAP10(2016)022) that in the large scale limit the observed acceleration of the averaged rate of expansion is indeed going to be positive regardless of the choice of cosmologicalconstant for reasons related to needing to ensure that the Einstein field equations are internally self consistent.
SO to Summarize "dark energy" has a very high likelihood of being an artifact of using an invalid approximate model to drastically simplify the Einstein field equations beyond what is allowed by the laws of multivariate
differential calculus.
@@ninjagirl226 Well supposedly a "peer reviewed" journal has experts on the subject who screen the submissions before publication. But who knows how thoroughly it is vetted? The only real worthwhile peer review is when other scientists independently replicate the research or experiment to confirm or refute the results.
Beautifully done. I’m an anthropologist, faking fossil finds is harder, but people do fake measurements.
What's more important is that tons of VALID research in anthropology has been silenced, because it went against the conventional wisdom. How much ground was lost because of the effective ban against publishing the mountain of data regarding pre-Clovis humans?
As a woman, I can attest to people faking measurements.
You can definitely get fake carbon dates. I had a friend that worked in a carbon dating lab. They knew the expected date of the dig and threw out samples that didn't come back matching what was expected. There's more to it, but so much stuff is dodgy when you dig into the actual details.
the entire context of how finds are interpreted can easily be manipulated. We have tons of examples of anthropologists missing the mark by miles because they were stuck in their old paradigm. In fact, this occurs in every field, which is why Max Planck said something to the effect that science only progresses by the death of scientists
I just had a good laugh , thanks a lot , sir . Anthropology is the most corrupt and intellectually bankrupt field of " science" it 's 100% pseudoscience , piltdown man , Lucy , every single "big" discovery was in fact revealed later to be a hoax , and yet every child still learns all about it in middle school ( when they don't have any critical thinking skill ) . Dinosaurs are a complete fraud invented by 2 hoaxers , owners of traveling freak shows and " human zoos" : Dinosaurs are a hoax ! , look it up : they only had a few tooth fragments : and they " deducted " the existence of dinosaurs from a few bone fragments , !!!!Every single dinosaur bone is in a vault and only hand selected professors ever see or touch them , all there is in museum is resin and plaster " casts " .
Every single auction house like Sotheby's stopped auction sales of dinosaurs skeletons , because they were all fake . Every time an owner have his dinosaur bones expertised , it comes back as a a gross fake of powdered animal bones and glue .
Dinosaurs are the perfect evidence that " Science " is absolute farce and that people will believe anything coming from a guy with a white labcoat and glasses . In reality this is just the same old oligarchs gaslighting us to push their agenda ( : " climate change" ...)
Excellent presentation on this topic. As a fellow scientist I am tired of the nonsense about how fraud is this super rare event. It’s not. Way more of what’s published is made up than most want to admit. It’s pretty depressing for those of us who are honest scientists and often end up publishing in less flashy journals.
Jesus this is depressing. How are people supposed to know what to believe and trust? Then it just becomes about who's the best liar which is why things seems to be getting worse.
@@Shay416you research these things yourself, and you cross reference all data for aplicability, replicability, acuracy, relavence and relibility. "Think for yourself."
Just think of students taking classes.
@@Shay416Eh I don't think you have to worry, if it's fraudulent nothing useful will come out of it. So it's pretty much just waste of, usually taxpayer's, money.
@@filiphavojic8045 says the guy who seems way too comfortable spending my hard earned tax money on bullshit... :|
I applaud the students brave enough to speak out. That must have been daunting.
I can totally believe this. In aerospace it’s extremely common to come across projects using blatantly misleading data. For instance, comparing aircraft at different altitudes or altitudes where one aircraft suffers power loss. Or by comparing different payloads or different test route profiles that are significantly more demanding on the other aircraft. In fact, I got banned from HBA for pointing out that someone had used intentionally misleading data to make their own project look superior.
OMG, this has consequences for people's safety.
THE SYNAGOGUE OF SATAN is everywhere, no matter what the walk of life....
Totally agree
Can't compare the planes using 86 octane fuel to the planes using 130 octane fuel.
WW2 fighhters, Bf 109, Fw 190, Zero, Oscar, Frank, George, ...using 86 octane fuel.
The US/UK fighters using 130 octane fuel made them very good fighters in the war.
But ...if talking about.. which ones are really one of the best engineering fighter planes.
We must compare these planes by using the same octane fuel.
This reminds me of Stock Rush and the Oceangate tragedy.
A dear friend of mine was a colleague briefly with Diderick Stapel. His scandal almost destroyed her entire scientific career. Luckily it was found her work was not affected. These cheaters are destroying careers of innocent people. Disgusting and so selfish.
I think the problem is growing, which would indicate that we need higher penalties for fraud in science. Like you said, these con-artists only risk losing their undeserved jobs.
But seeing the penalties higher could 1) discourage honest scientists for doing science for fear of being penalized for a bad (but not fraudulent) study, and 2) encourage bad actors to accuse colleagues of fraud in order to drive them out and increase their own standing in the field. This is likely why harsher penalties aren't already implemented
I think that the real solution is to foster the culture where the negative results are also rewarded, where an interesting hypothesis opens the door to the top jornals even if it was proved to be wrong
Structural factors should be addressed first, before talking punitive approaches.
@@ShimrraShai punitive approach is a structural factor. But I think the best solution would be to redirect some funding to replication and fraud search, if frauds are caught faster then perception of punishment avoidability would decrease, and misbehaving individuals would not poison the culture.
A quote variously attributed to Mark Twain, Harry Truman and others sums up the pressures that can lead to academic fraud: “Great things can be accomplished when you don’t care who gets credit.”
Thanks for sharing.
Yes!! Look at the polio vaccine! The dude gave it away!!
That's not the same thing... That is If anything more related to academic theft... But the key is that something is actually getting accomplished it's not fake
@@theduckfromthejoke152 A more astute quote, also attributed to Mark Twain, would be: "There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics."
This wisdom applies to TRUE LIFE in general!
This doesn’t just happen in academia. I worked for a fortune 500 company in research. The pull to report good results and play down bad is huge. This happens at the lowest levels. No one wants to document a mistake made.
We know, but when it happens in academia the resulting deception can be far more widespread and devastating.
For example, everything that a company says is already regarded by the average Joe as marketing material, we take it with more than just a pinch of salt. On the other hand, anything a scientist publishes is immediately presumed true by the same average Joe because "science has proven it".
Of course, you could reply that all of us should simply become more skeptical and regard scientific publications in the same light as an advertisement for the sponsors of the study, but if it comes down to that then honest scientific research can almost entirely lose its value to society.
And the AI will be making life and death decisions based on these fraudulent and fake datasets.
Oh definitely. I also worked in a fortune 500 company in their engineering department and senior engineers would do the same to keep the operation running smoothly, until something couldn't just be ignored.
The head of the physics department tried for two years to publish a paper that clearly refuted one of the most quoted sociology studies in one of the top psychology and sociology journals. Never got published. The system is totally broken. Several sociology researchers around the world repeated the same mistakes as the original publisher. No one understood the physics involved.
Saw this at my university during my PhD, and it was rewarded and overlooked. One of the reasons I left the program. The worst one was running and re running simulations till the result was found that met the hypothesis of the funding org, and the papers never indicated the number of time it was re run(100s) to get this single data result.
when you pick your seed, the numbers aren't random anymore.
Saw this by my professors over and over as a PhD student. It made me sick. I left too.
Just wow.
@@nobody7158
... CULT/IDOL WORSHIP describes it even better ...
This was also the reason I left my PhD program. My PI would play with the statistics until he got meaningful results- he would call it a form of art even though everything that lab did went against everything I was ever taught about statistical analysis. It's not worth putting your reputation on the line for an individual who is using you to get ahead in his own career. I would also meet other grad students during TA training that couldn't use lab equipment like a volumetric flask correctly, used wrong glassware for measurements, and had such poor lab skills that it made you wonder how the hell they ended up in a PhD program. I was a computationalist, but even I knew exactly how to do wet lab techniques properly. The other students would be 3rd or 4th year students who had published work using those same skills that were covered in our TA training, and it made no sense how they even got publishable results when they couldn't do really basic chemistry takss. There's just no way they're doing high quality research with skills that are that poor, and I'm positive their PIs never properly trained them on lab techniques.
Imagine all of the fraud that could possibly be happening in pharmaceutical science.
I wouldn't doubt most of it is fraudulent. I have been researching that quite a bit since 2020 and they started out by using a media campaign to destroy all of the homeopathic and naturopathic doctors, calling them quacks and snake oil salesman. They wanted to be the only option. The amount of illness and death they have caused with their "medicines" is horrific.
Possibly? 😂
I think its a god given that it is happening on mass... they will not let 'results' stand in the way of profits!!
🤣🤣🤣
Capitalism lmao
Bobby Broccoli did an amazing deep dive in to the Korean cloning scandal. It's very much worth a watch.
During the course of my PhD, I routinely observed Professors marketing their labs with tall promises to lure investors and leaving researchers under tremendous pressure to deliver. Mistakes were made and it was the rare grad student who owned up. The situation is even more stressful for foreign students on a visa who are vulnerable to abuse from the Academic Advisor. In a way, this is a version of what has happened to journalism with once-reputed brands like the New York Times descending into narrative -building and only reporting facts that fit the narrative for their wealthy backers. Sometimes, we need to raze the system to the ground and start over.
No system will work without virtuous people. It's people and our culture that need to improve.
@@DouglasLippiExactly. Society can only ever be as good as the people who make up society.
When I was working on my PhD and had just started writing up a joined paper with another lab, I remember my supervisor asking me to get the processed data cleaned up as he would probably need to send it over for open access, too. It was the first paper I was working on, so I thought I'd misunderstood and he was after the raw data. My reasoning was that if journals were looking to confirm the results they would need the raw data, because surely anyone could manipulate the processed data?! Well no, as it turns out no one is actually interested in your raw data. That and seeing how nonchalant researchers were about "revising" their exclusion criteria after the fact was what made me decide then and there I wasn't going to continue in academia. I'm sorry to be blunt but if you show me a paper, I automatically assume it's fraudulent unless you can also point me to successful replication studies. Nuff said.
Nature Communications, for example, requests all raw data files to be submitted.
Exactly. I also assume a paper is fraudulent or manipulative unless there is replication of findings with the same methodology and differing methodologies.
Fraud in the industries is probably worse? Lying to customers, share holders, colleagues, and bosses. Cutting corners. Real impostors. Corruption. Exaggerating financial health of companies. Etc.
When I was in graduate school one of the researchers was trying to repeat a prior experiment, but he couldn’t replicate the results. He went back to the original study and studied their methods. He even tried ridiculous adjustments like changing the beakers. Finally he called the original researcher to find where he had ordered the particular enzyme, or if he had synthesized it himself. The man confessed he didn’t use a refined enzyme. Since it was found in saliva, he simply spit into the test tube in an early stage of the experiment!
In another instance, during my Father’s research for his Master’s degree. Again he was a poor lost lamb who couldn’t replicate the original data. After many attempts he actually dragged out the exact equipment used by the Doctoral student working (and getting) on his Ph.D. Dad found there was leak in the tubing and the original data was therefore inaccurate!
Take away the 'publish or perish' pressure to start with, and find a way to reward academics for simply being really good teachers! The pressure to publish results in lots of very pedestrian or even more or less worthless papers clogging up journals. Tell academics to only publish when they actually have something worth saying!
All the more that greater education is received and achieved at colleges vs universities.
publish or perish: the best way to force people to churn out meaningless drivel instead of useful research.
I believe it is all business. Publishers, equipment selling companies, and academicians have cooperated in this business🤔
I agree
I thought this was how it worked. You mean to tell me these "scientific journals" are no better than an reddit post 😂
My Italian brother-in-law got his PhD in French Lit. from the U. of California. He once told me that all he had to do was "bullsh-t" his way through one class after another. His attitude toward higher education in America was that it was, unlike in Europe, an exercise in mainly faculty politics and administrative propaganda.
I knew a guy just like this. Totally unserious, he never prepared anything, but he had a natural ability to BS in speech or writing. He got A grades in every PhD seminar for spouting nonsense-fluently.
This is absolutely disturbing.
The same thing happens in "europe" and in latin america, althoug in europe it's less pervasive in ex-communist countries.
In my experience, my University literally taught these bad practices to entire generations of its students.
During my undergrad (in psychology), we had a requisite amount of “research papers” we needed to write for each course in order to be allowed to take that exam. These papers weren’t published in journals, of course, but this practice meant that an 18 year-old college freshman suddenly needs to write 20ish papers per semester in order to be granted the privilege of actually sitting an exam. They weren’t considered a part of the regular course load, they didn’t count towards your grade, they were a bonus.
And why? Because very often the professor would assign topics that aligned with their own research topics (which, of course, would be published in journals) and just repurposed bits and pieces of their students’ papers.
I remember at first I’d go out and poll people, harass my poor family and friends to fill out endless questionnaires and tests and answer my silly half-baked questions, then spend days meticulously feeding that data into Excel spreadsheets and SPSS and whatnot. And then one day in my final year, my Systemic Family Therapy professor summoned me into her office and said that I should “find another family” to poll (this time I used my best friend’s) because the data was messy. I remember sitting there with my ears ringing staring at my 40 paged paper that I now have to redo. So I went home and wrote a new paper about a family from a book I read at the time. (The book is called We Were Liars by E. Lockhart and centers around dysfunctional family dynamics.) I just answered the way I thought the characters would. And I submitted that paper instead.
The professor gave me an A.
And because by that point I was already severely disillusioned with everything, I walked out of her office, out of the building, and never set foot in it again. I considered writing her an email telling her this whole story hoping it would make her reflect, but I never did. I just walked out, found a job in an unrelated field, and never completed my degree.
But I never stopped wondering how many of my former classmates who are now practicing researchers also succumbed to fabrications and data manipulation during our schooling and how that might be bleeding into their careers now. I hope I was the only one. But I very, very much doubt it.
"because the data was messy"
I think by "messy" she meant that the data appeared to contradict itself. When asked to fill out a survey, I can often see what the survey is trying to get at and find that if I answer every question with pure honesty, then the survey would interpret my answer as a contradiction of the previous answer. So the temptation is real (and I have fallen for it), to adjust my later answers so as not to appear to contradict my previous answers. This is due to the shallow nature of the survey and its assumptions of how people should fit into certain boxes. So if I do not fit any specific box, then my answers to certain questions will appear to contradict previous answers.
In other words, it is highly probable that your best friend's family provided answers that did not consistently fit into any theoretical boxes in which they could be characterised, and thus did not provide any useful results needed to get those subsidies. A true scientist would respond to this by questioning their assumptions and admitting that there may be a broader spectrum or more boxes than what they are aware of.
John Ioannidis wrote a paper discussing the unreliability of most scientific research due to financial conflicts of interest; blind spots and biases. I approach them with skepticism.
He also wrote a paper called”Odds are it’s wrong.”
Dr Ioannides, a luminary of the highest level who questioned the Covid narrative early in 2020 based on deep analysis of the Princess Cruise line (“a locked room”), is, ironically, at Stanford.
@@sciagurrato1831 That was certainly a result which couldn’t be explained by the approved narrative
@@skepticalfaith5201 the point is that JI did the only rigorous analysis of an isolated cohort in a covid19 environment. His work was ignored completely by the “experts”. This is the world we live in. Take the necessary steps to protect yourself.
@@sciagurrato1831no irony...just physics.. the brightest light in the deepest of darkness...
An honest man is not one who does the right thing when others are looking, but mostly one who does the right thing when no one is looking. Pressure and necessity do not corrupt people; they reveal people.
Well, perhaps, but at the end of the day we'd all be better off with a realignment of incentives. At the end of the day, scientists are not business people, but in the current system you have to be the latter before you can succeed at being the former. Support scientists, not "careers" I say.
@@sirmclovin9184 Many scientists are businesspeople
Amen to that
@@sirmclovin9184
This has nothing to do with business or science ... confusing apples with oranges is the very core of ... TRUTH vs. LIE starting in the smallest corner of ALL EXISTENCE - your heart ... giving labels to something which don't apply is the proverbial "the road to hell is paved with good intentions" contrary to THE TRUTH!
Thank you for putting the core of TRUTH vs. LIE into REAL LIFE perspective!
I've been thinking of getting some data scientists together and starting a nonprofit that looks into these kinds of things in objective and unbiased ways. This has been an issue for a long time and I'm personally sick of hearing about it. Academic institutions and journals don't really have an incentive to do honest and unbiased investigations into allegations of fraud but a watchdog group could create that incentive for them. What I mean is that these institutions can be given an ultimatum to either do a fair and unbiased investigation which is shared with the watchdog group or it will go public with what it has. I would say allow them absolutely no wiggle room; it is not an offer but instead it is a demand. The incentive it creates is that they want to avoid the loss of reputation and damage to their brand. Right now they have the same incentive but it goes the opposite direction.
I had a similar idea about 15 years ago when I spent a day starting to seriously look into the global warming hoax/scam - an independent organisation to track back through every detail of every scientific publication.
Obvious problem would be that it would need funding, which means donors or sponsors, who could then exercise influence to corrupt the whole thing.
Do you know of Steve McIntyre? He used statistical principles to expose the fraudulent science behind that hoax.
Thomas Sowell picked it around 16 years ago:
"'Global warming' is just the latest in a long line of hysterical crusades to which we seem to be increasingly susceptible."
Feynman knew about corruption and fraud in science, hence his "bending over backwards" comment.
He would not be impressed with the present state of science.
my thought is just to do better science, there’s too much for them to reasonably audit tbh
thanks for including not only the social science scandals, but also how fraud/fabrication happens in 'hard' sciences. with the recent scandal at Harvard, some commentators use the opportunity to suggest further defunding for soft sciences, while ignoring or not knowing that fraud happens across the whole scientific field.
... mentioning funding points straight at the core of THE DISEASE ....
The soft sciences need to be defunded because they're being used to make POLICY DECISIONS and are influencing ideology at the highest levels of government.
Anything with *Studies* at the end of the name needs to be heavily scrutinized until the self circlejerk of "peer review" is replaced with ethical academics.
If you were on the receiving end of what some of these Studies has done to the mental health and discourse of our nation at this time, you would understand.
Would just assert that the RATE of fraud is much higher in soft sciences.
anything of significance in phys and chem is reviewed carefully. tons of sociology and psych is just baloney that nobody cares to review.
As a chemist who has had a paper retracted, monitoring students and making sure that all agree on the interpretation of the data is important. After 12 years I'm still upset with the student who committed the fraud.
Maan that sucks
Problems go far much deeper than this video will let you think : they are systematic : i would say 95% of what is called science today is just plain fraud . Here is the probllem whole fields are a joke :Egyptology , archeology , anthropology theoritical physics , , geology , seismology , sociology , psychology , economic science : All these fields are 100ù corrupt , and never have produced anything of value .
other fields like history and social studies have been entirely captured by political activists .
Retractions are meaningless now. We've seen retractions issued for Nobel prize winners because they said that IQ is genetic, and another who said that there are only two sexes and it is biological. These innocuous statements that are, on the face, intrinsically unassailable facts were 'outrageous' enough for universities to revoke professorships, retract prizes, and papers from numerous people and destroy their life long careers for refusing the numerous opportunities during communist party style Struggle Sessions to recant their observed reality, much like Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth they chose to stand by what is true, and factual. The very foundation of modern science and academia has been dashed to the winds in the last decade with the amount of straight up politicization and dishonesty present in all fields.
Now imagine being the student with superiors doing that...
@@rotulaman630exactly. Their whole life is ruined.
I have worked in catering with PhD. students from Warwick University . Some have told us that cheating to get a PhD was very common. Actually, I remember one of them called Stephanie, who told us she had cheated. But it was OK because everybody did it. Scarry stuff .
i gave up on my academic social science dreams when i got my psycology degree. Not only was i seeing insane/impossible research being posted up and celebrated in the social science building (where i worked during my last 2 terms), but my eyes were opened in one of the final courses about advanced research.
We learned about r value, and ill never forget, how to alter your experiment if you dont get the result you want. How to change sample size to impact r-value. How to manufacture results...even if your first "try" doesnt go the way you want.
It ate at me until i graduated. This... is not science. I also very much felt like actual scientific discovery was a distant idea and pushing narratives or proving political points was the actual goal. I saw it everywhere and after learning how to evaluate papers based on their methods... I couldnt believe how many were probably fake. I didnt have it in me to fight the politics or go into massive debt to be part of an industry I, now, kind of resented.
Its all such a shame, really. I almost cringe at the phrase social "science" these days. I know some are fighting the good fight, but id bet the depth of pseudo scientific papers goes far deeper than many would think.
have you written down or recorded audio or video about these anywhere.
Yes, this
And we the people need you the honest one
same here bro. Around 1980 my pysch degree included the standard rubbish and lies about teaching apes to speak using ASL, while Prof. Herbert Terrace and his grad students (eg, Petito & Seidenberg, 1975, review of reviews), had already blown the whistle good and long and hard and debunked it all. Terrace was massively unpopular because the gravy train of research grants and media exposure had been derailed for bogus animal language studies. But the BS version was still being taught in the 1980s at Leicester University. The only reason I knew that it was false was that I instinctively did not believe my lecturer so I did a little digging thru the lecture references and soon found the Petito & Seidenberg paper which very negatively summarised all research up to 1975, proving that it was all hype and wishful thinking. Most psychological research cannot be replicated, a sad fact.
I think it means it actually is science... science being something that is contextually true. Thus, truth is fallible.
The obvious solution is to increase the status of replication. Any study that has not been replicated at least twice should be considered of no value. Yes, that means there should be at least 2x as many replication studies as original studies.
exactly, this think of relying on the fact that someone is from reputable institution is blind faith
Most scientists know not to rely on a single study. Depending on the field, scientists often wait until a review paper comes along summarizing around 25 single studies. This cuts down on the effects of fraud.
Entire fields of study would disappear over night.
@@garrettbiehle9714 That's affirmative testing and it's not good enough and is prone to group-think. Let's take the "wet sidewalk causes rain" hypothesis. No matter how many studies I do trying to confirm my hypothesis it's still garbage until I attempt to disprove my hypothesis.
this is all well and good if you don't understand academia. replicating other work doesn't show anyone that you're creative and a good researcher. grad students and postdocs are already grossly underpaid and overworked; we don't have time to do things that don't further our career.
It is called integrity...Either you have it or you don't.....Mistakes can be made but manipulation is not a mistake...
You are forgetting pressure and circumstances. People NEED money to feed families and pay inflated rents. It's much easier said than done when your employer or institution puts enormous pressure on you for 'results' that they want. This is the way our horrible economic system works. It's easier to walk away if you're already wealthy, not so easy if you're struggling to pay the most basic of bills. Even if you change jobs, the vast majority of corporations and institutions behave the same way.
@@marianhunt8899Pressure doesn't change your integrity. It just tests it.
@@JJ-fc2hoevery human has a breaking point, even you.
@@marianhunt8899 Not every human is chosen by the Lord.
You forget that "Integrity" does not mean the same thing for everyone.
For some people, it may be "the Truth, no matter the consequences".
But I fear that for many people integrity means "work to build a better world".
That's why I believe that in some fields of study, scientists are even willing to lie, as long as it's for a greater cause.
When I was doing my master degree I read several papers in order to learn more about my topic and see if I wanted to pursue PhD (engineering). Then I noticed several papers ended up with a phrase like this " the author considers that results presented in this paper might need to be tested under different scenarios and initial conditions before drawing a conclusion. The author strongly suggests more research about this topic is needed".
After discussing this with several doctoral students they confirmed what I thought: a lot of people kind of "fragment" their research topic into tiny subtopics that are easier to deal with because it involves lost of artificial conditions that can be easily controlled but in entails a lot of simplification to the point that any result might be merely an academic excercise with no no practical value. In addition, this atomization of topics into subtopics gives you an opportunity to do more research and get funding for it
Partly the reason why it is easier to do research in science
The more tragic aspect of dishonest researchers is the public campaigns they'll wage against other researchers if it contradicts their own. So many denouncements from the media savvy (and therefore attention seeking) scientific community are rabid in their critique of potentially groundbreaking research when it comes from individuals or organizations outside the clique. How many advancements have we lost to lack of funding because these people chose to attack an opposing researcher without the access to media?
Your lament is completely comprehensible but THE TRUTH has its own way to come to LIGHT ... pursuing it is THE VERY CHALLENGE THE TRUTH has put before its GATES - IRONIC that the latter is the VERY EPITOME of the opposite of THE TRUTH/LIFE
Just like they did to drs during the pandemic who said ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine would help alleviate Covid symptoms.
When I did my PhD, in automatic speech recognition, I tried to replicate the results of other papers. Much of the time I couldn't get the same results. I often emailed and asked for the copies of the scripts they ran but rarely got them often with lame excuses as to why. I found the whole thing quite disheartening.
One solution is to encourage publishing negative findings. You may require more extensive study from neg-find papers to avoid being flooded with them. But publication shouldn't always be about finding sth. Not finding sth after reasonable effort should be valued too
💯
Publish or perish leads to crap science.
This is a once in a blue moon phenomena. Most scientists take the scientific method seriously. They don’t fudge data to meet their expectations.
I would say more often they are guilty of studying something to death because they’re getting funded to do it.
exactly
I'm a little on the fence about it.
What you research should have, or lead to, practical application that benefits society, right?
'Publish' is just the much broader version of 'turn in your homework' -- Cause if I'm funding you, I want results, otherwise, go fund your own research. Can you see that side?
Now on the other hand, if you researched something seemingly worthwhile and it turned up nothing of value, then the discovery of that dead end is itself a discovery.
@@GregMoressthe fundamental problem is that it's being funded by people who want a specific result.
When some climate change organization funds climate science, they're not going to fund the same scientist if that scientist doesn't get the "right" result. Just like big pharma expects correct results.
Scientists are just people. And people are not stupid when it comes to knowing what is expected of them, even if it's not explicitly stated.
There is no good solution, because most funding is from those people looking for specific results, they wont pay if they dont get what they want.
"What you research should have, or lead to, practical application that benefits society, right?"
For a definition of 'practical application' that is identical to 'knowledge', sure. You can broadly separate mathematicians into applied and pure. Applied mathematicians work in fields where they use their knowledge of mathematics to work on field-relevant practical applications; they want to make, or help make, the things go.
Pure mathematicians, by contrast, do research on mathematical things for other reasons; viz, for the mathematics itself. Its intrinsic beauty and the intellectual challenge of working out the logical consequences of primitive assumptions and formal rules is mostly the ball of wax for them. Whether it turns out to be practically useful is not high on the priority list, if present at all.
Yet, the work of pure mathematicians has a curious track record of the mathematics unreasonably proving itself useful to scientists and engineers. But that's just a case of the peculiar interests of some rather unusual folks gone good. It's an outcome they're happy to see, but which is ultimately not really the point.
A more curt explanation of this not-exactly-dichotomous separation of this distinction was well-described by Andy Magid as pure mathematics and applied mathematics being a case in which applied mathematics subsumes pure mathematics (restyled as nonapplied mathematics), by which nonapplied mathematics can be defined as being not-necessarily-applied mathematics.
@@GregMoress
There is also a bias toward fraud being exposed only when it has a high impact factor.
Thank you. I know that science fraud has been with us ever since we've had science, but I did not expect it to still be so widespread.
Fauci leveraged the need for grants to force scientists to create a consensus around his cover ups. I'm not antiscience but its pretty clear that they are all humans at the end of the day
Because good and moral people have difficulty grasping the depth of depravity that greedy, narcissistic and egocentric people are capable of! That's exactly why knowing history and the lesson's of history are supremely important to ALL of our collective futures!
Science and grant money fraud is the worst. Little of the science done is useful or makes money. But a tiny amount done can be very profitable. So tons of blind cash is thrown at useless scientists.
Even more so now.We have a very finite funding group.The US is research for billions in many areas,especially climate science.They’re by far the largest contributor to the hoax so papers need to adhere to their orthodoxy .If you plan to receive any subsequent funding your study results better bolster government claims of catastrophic anthropogenic climate impacts.
Not only is it still happening, but it seems to be growing.
I was at a departmental meeting at a university once (not my department) where they stated they were not going to challenge cheeters because they didn't have the time or backing to do it. Sends a good message on what you can get away with. Does not bode well for future researchers.
@ploopploopploopboop1887 It's part of the same world. If you cheat, keep cheating. It pays till you get caught if you get caught.
I came to academia from industry, and have always found it fascinating how academics think they’re above conflicts of interest. “Publish or perish” is itself a conflict of interest.
The only solution is open science, and not getting overexcited about studies that have not been reproduced or replicated.
As someone who is finishing their PhD, this upsets me. I work so hard to make sure my data and procedures are above-ground. Someone who knowingly submits a fake report should have their ability to submit future work revoked.
the entire western medical system is a scam
its ALL pseudoscience at best, or a cult at worst
same with "climate science"
Just take care when you read a paper, self deception and group think are close seconds to fraud.
Revoked *forever*.
And the most disgusting part is that such ethics could get you in trouble if your research could have an undue impact on corporate profits.
@@ballhawk387 or research in health leads to a wrong diagnosis and kills someone.
When i was a kid my bestie and i had a science project where we had to replicate an experiment involving running rats thru a maze and seeing if they could run it faster depending on the kind of music they heard. We worked hard building the maze and training the rats. Come experiment time the rats just refused to run the mazes 🤦♀️ we were normally kids who would NEVER cheat or lie, but we became desperate and just made up the data. We got an "A" and got praised and it was awful, but neither of us had the guts to come clean. I never trusted research studies because of that.
Whats crazy is you were a child and these are supposedly some of the most intellectual adults in society. These institutions are built on lies.
@@Shay416 I think it should be remembered that the fraudulent studies are believed to be in the minority. Perhaps 2-14 percent? The trouble is not knowing which ones are or not. I think that's why including steps to reproduce any findings is so important. That way competitor teams can challenge them. However, at present reproducing findings isn't yet properly rewarded by academia.
@@AbAb-th5qeThat number is bigger.. Understanding how this world revolves around money and influence, you can easily assume that number is way bigger.
@@LastTrueElk Hmmm. There is that whole 'wisdom of the crowd' thing that can be used to estimate such things. At a country fair, if people are asked to estimate the weight of a bullock and you take the average of all these estimates it'll be very close to the true weight.
Everywhere in the world you go, you'll find people that cheat a little or a lot. The field of science is no different.
The "publish or perish" paradigm will always lead to people doing whatever they have to do to protect their livelihood. This is EXACTLY why I chose to teach at a JC instead of a university.
Besides individual anecdotes, I wish we were even more generally alarmed about psychology's exposed "replication crisis" ...
The replication crisis affects more than just psychology and extends to medicine and sciences as well.
The replication crisis, reports about fraud, economical and political pressure and corruption etc. would definitely shock any healthy scientific community. But most of academia and the scientific world is more about power, money and business interests. It's much more widespread than most people think, that's why it isn't taken more seriously. And since politics has its hands in it as well mainstream media will never seriously call this out either
@@mircopaul5259in the end, modern science is a business like any other.
psychology is barely a science so checks out
I worked in three different labs (Masters, PhD, and postdoc). Every single one of them had a “don’t touch project” (something that was already published and nobody could reproduce). Some had issues with individual experiments, others with the entire paper. In most cases the PI themselves would oppose that the project was further investigated. We only hear the the scandalous examples, there are thousands of occurrences that slip through the cracks.
Very likely true
@@terrencecescon102 People are scared of challenging (even in the slightest bit) the research of tenured, world renowned scientist because they can mess up your entire career. You can get fired and never find a job in that field again
Corruption, coercion and control.
University of Minnesota has been accused of doctoring images in Alzheimers research. The drug companies, supposedly, started asking why their drugs were having the desired physical effects, but symptoms were not improving. Its been confusing to me what happened with the investigation, though.
It's almost like "if it passes peer review, it's fact" wasn't a good idea.
And almost like having journals everybody wants to publish in so the journal is able to fleece everybody for access to those papers, was an even worse idea.
Keep exposing these cases so that we can clean up the science field
When it comes to these kinds of cases, unscrupulous entities like the CDC, and the WHO should be at the top of this list, along with their accomplices Anthony Fauci, Bill Gates, Bill Nye, and Neil deGrasse Tyson.
I know there's way more disagreeable people listed here, but man o man do I hate deGrasse, pompous loud mouth asshole mooching of off Sagans legacy. You should watch the interview he did with Rogan, even Rogan starts rolling his eyes at a certain point because he just can't shut up.
Weeds are a common feature in most fields.
Lol its all corrupt. The problem goes so deep no one has the time to expose it. Plus they come after you if you do it to wrong person.
@@elgatofelix8917You’re mixing up things like psychology/neuro with fields like Chem/physics. Also we can reproduce most of the vaccine research conspiracy theorists are freaking out about. In fact, the original paper that tried to link vaccines was retracted because it had fraudulent data.
In EE and software engineering we do this: one creates a new design, another person tries to falsify it. There is so much reluctance to hide potential weaknesses.
That’s a great strategy that could be done in psychology in many circumstances.
@@socialneuro😊The reality in Electrical engineering is that there is analog & digital. Analog is somewhat more regarded as an art, and often just one person is working for an IP. So here for lack of resources, the design & verification is in one person's hand.
As a grad student for my PhD in Computer Science, I was lucky enough that my advisors were very supportive of MY research. However, I knew other PhD students who used undergraduates for research, especially international students, publishing the UG's research as their own. When I brought it up with the department, they could get none of the UG international students who were used to say anything. They were afraid they'd be kicked out of the university, even when I assured them that it wouldn't happen. Although there was little or no of the profs using students to do their research without adding them to the publication, but now it is rife.
Abuse of international grad students - already many murmurs are circulating - needs some serious journalistic investigation.
Wow
If this happens, it's probably rare. I don't see too many undergrads trying to do PhD level research for kicks TBH. It's not something you can do in your spare time between undergrad coursework
@@st3ppenwolf what’s your institutional affiliation?
@@sciagurrato1831 Let's leave it at "Ivy League school"
I remember a PhD student showing me his work and telling me how he modified the graphs to reduce the apparent differences in the y values (not deleting data but simply presenting it as having less variance). He told me it's quite common.
That is regularly done in econometrics to massage "data to fit theory"😢 i read a lot of journal articles without any primary data or their sources used to re-run experiments to vetify any claims
Bill Gates used to reference the book "How to Lie With Statistics". You'll see it on the news every day once you start looking for it.
Well I have average proficiency with statistics, but enough to be able to torture numbers enough so they will admit any crime.
Try climate change temperature measurements where they always do this and call it anomalies. They never show the absolute temperature change above say zero C which would show the public how small these" emergency" temperature variations actually are.
Do you mean ...anomalies?
Currently completing my master study in statistics. My research project supervisor have asked me whether I want to continue onto PhD.
I briefly talked with my supervisor about the topics that I might want to do if I do PhD. But after brief discussion, I decided to not continuing to Phd. Why? Because during the conversation, I realised that all my supervisor thinks of is the endless amount of journal papers that could be churned out from PhD studies.
My rant is not related to this video. I just want to say that It is sad and dehumanizing to equate Phd candidates to a piles of journal papers.
Industry funded research tends to find the data that is desired, or said data disappears, and occasionally so does the person that found this data.
Thank you for pointing out the importance placed on result publications can influence such fraud. The infamous Stanford prison experiment is a prime example of how such fraudulent results can have profound implications on the public psyche.
Um what!? It was a fraud?
@@Shay416 yes. But that's ok, because to paraphrase a New York Times editor that commented on it in 2018 after scientific review exposed the fraud "it FEELS like what should have happened, so that's how it should be reported..."
Oh in my masters program the dude running it literally tortures us with strange group work and forces us to be lab rats without proper informed consent.
This is why I love art forgers - they expose the "experts." Government people do this all the time - they start with a social agenda and then throw out or ignore all the data that does not support it. After all, they pay no price for being wrong. Integrity and dignity are not the same thing - a scientist can look dignified but his integrity can be as shallow and dishonest as a three dollar bill.
The Salvador Mundi scandal.
I like how you point out that the most prestigious journals, that literally decide who will have a career, are unable to provide better peer review than other journals. Academia has many problems and evaluating researchers based on journal prestige (aka JIF) and paper count ('productivity'), in my opinion, is at the core of all of it. Including the incentives to falsify study results... and the second I finished writing this comment you get into this yourself, in the video. :) Thank you for this great video! People need to know about these kinds of things.
Thank you for calling out the feudal relations between grad students, postdocs, and professors. If you expect ethical integrity of upcoming scientists, demoralizing them from the start is hardly a good idea. The abusive relations also attract psychological abusers into science, or turn honest students into people who seek status to get payback for the abuse they endured. This is sick.
I am an old man and I have found in life people often have formed their beliefs prior to doing research or any extensive study. Their desire is to prove what they assume to be true and often turn a blind eye to anything that disproves that and seek to prove their point. That's why blind studies are necessary, and not just one but several. We all have preconcepts than may be wrong. Takes a strong person to accept that.
Experiment registration and complete public data access after publication could be a first step. Elimination of publishers that only leech money from publicly funded research while limiting access is another step.
If you want free access I suggest SCI-HUB run by people who believe knowledge should be freely available to everyone. You'll find free access to just about everything published hundreds of thousands of papers.
I highly suspect that the focus of mis-directed Alzheimer's research on amyloid plaque and tau tangles for many years may have been affected by scientific fraud. Having lost my mother and mother-in-law to the disease, this is very personal!
Very sorry, and yeah, read earlier today, these drugs do nothing to stop the disease/illness.
@@John-uh8kl Big pharma spent many years going down a blind alley with drug development. Not to mention many millions spent and the lives lost in the meantime.
Pride of authorship can have horrible consequences not only to the science community, but the human race. And it’s difficult to let go once the material is out there, and published. Getting it wrong is one thing, knowing it’s wrong is another.
Well, now I’m even more confident than ever that I can trust my doctor and the media when they insist that all the medications and behaviors they promote are “safe and effective”.
safe and effective for getting to "carbon neutral", and we are the carbon to be neutralised. The darklords love their double entendres.
Ĺove it 😂
Looks like someone never learned to read the small print on medications , or listen to the endless warnings about side effects during commercials.
I'm glad someone said it.
you can tell how good a doctor is based on the gifts patients bring them. my doctor has like a thousand gifts on his walls. This is because people who a cured are generaly greatful.
I'm 77 & I figured out that science people are just as likely to be phonies as any other group of people about the same time I hit high school. Long story but I was disillusioned by people who I was told were people to look up to & finding out how petty & uninterested in the truth most of them were!
Michael Mann's famous hockey stick graph is about a consequential as it gets. He left Geosciences power House Pennsylvania state University for penn .
As an undergrad I had to take a statistics course. I ended up having to take one taught by a social scientist since it fit my schedule better than the ones in the math department. Most of the instructor's emphasis was on how to pick the best models to get the best results. Things like how much data you could discard and which curves it was easiest to make the data fit didn't really help me though and I dropped the course and took stats a semester later.
I failed math. I took remedial math classes all the way until I graduated. Don't get me wrong, I can do math . . . just I can't take the tests. Statistics was so easy, so relaxed compared to anything I had taken since middle school! The teacher was GREAT, we did a hybrid format where he recorded his lessons and then had open office hours " the videos were RECENT, not something he had made a decade prior." I aced that class, to the shock of my family. Why did I ace it? He presented course work and a pitch at the very beginning that hooked me in. He forewarned us that throughout the course we would be seeing how things can be manipulated and why ALL things you read should be scrutinized. He even had bunk research we had to analyze and it was so fun tearing things up and knowing exactly WHY. The whole semester was about ethics, how numbers actually work in research, and the dangers of taking things at face value. It was amazing. It was also my last class to graduate and it cemented my belief that I would NEVER go into academia . . . . It is sad that this was all allowed, the only fix for it is banning outside "investment" grants from corporations and special interests while properly funding schools. We need a 180 on education, we need to regress back 70+ years to the times when we actually had a significant amount of our GDP being put into these places so that the "publish or die" mentality that is necessary now to keep the lights on will become unnecessary.
Well, human behavior and cognition is very different than chemicals and other matter, and so some of it makes sense in trying to concretize something that's abstract. It would be nice for social sciences to have their own quantitative methods separate from stats, but alas.
@@Heyu7her3 i was just assuming they had to fudge the data because they weren't doing real science. 😁
My entire college statistics course centered on how to manipulate data to get a specific outcome. Very useful later in life as a government employee trying to get funding/support for projects.
@@hekili-machine3933 That's what the social science prof was teaching. I was still wanting there to be one right answer though. If we don't want AI to lie we shouldn't let it find out about statistics. Because, as the saying goes, there are liars, damned liars, and statisticians.
I don't understand how the reputation of Science and Nature don't seem to take a hit when so many papers they publish come out as false. I understand they can't be expected to replicate the study, but at this point are they even looking at the data or just the headline?
Science and Nature are in competition for the flashiest 'science'. That is their business model. The fact that the 'Emperors have no clothes' is beside the point - Science and Nature papers can be career makers. No one has an incentive to point out the scientific nudity, especially not once they have a paper or the hope of a paper there.
This is widespread - take a prestige journal in a more specific field - The Lancet - it has survived numerous obvious fraudulent studies, many of a political nature, and an editor-in-chief who bemoans the state of fraud in medical journals. Yet it is still 'respected'.
Don’t forget the Lancet.
The headlines are often picked up by AI to guesstimate stock options. For example recently South Korea stated it discovered LK-99 a room temperature super conductor. That is a bullshit attack upon the economy.
Obviously it's a boys club.
It it sell, copies, increases funding, all around best results.
Science is of course, secondary.
@@Libertariunif it involves pharmaceutical companies, research, you're in no man's land,...!!!
Generally speaking, the majority of scientific research and university research is contrived. Some of the research topics are absolutely Absurd and it baffles the mind that they are able to receive Financial grants based upon the ludicrous topics. Our Senator Rand Paul has frequently called out universities on their bizarre research.
In addition, research findings are so easily manipulated. They’re absolutely manipulated particularly if the end result was going to Disprove their initial theory. They will only receive research grant funding if it validates the individual agenda of the people providing the research grants. Always follow the money. Generally, people who fund their own research are in it for the better good. They want to better society. Those are the individuals that are usually un alived then shut down and discredited.
There's also "Publish what we want or perish" which seems to be how grant money in some fields is distributed. Much of this is related to the alliance between government and science which happened during WWII. The ties have grown even stronger ever since and often leaves one wondering if it's science or politics.
I want to thank you for all your comments. There are so many issues and ideas that people have raised here. I plan to make another video soon that addresses some of these.
WONDERFULLY insightful video!
The first time I ever went to use an affiliate link and it would let me change my country so I couldn't use it!! Thanks for the recommendation and intelligent discourse
Thank you so very much!!
In the US we are raised to have complete faith in teachers, scientists, and experts. For most of us, things we don't fully understand are like experiencing true magic. We see but don't understand so just accept it. When that faith is shattered, major damage occurs when truth gets thrown out with the lies. On the other end, when we cling to a view of scientist as being fully inerrant and objective, it causes damage because we stop thinking critically and just accept all.
Interesting data. I guess you always have to follow the money.
Well-- in your defense-- the US has the DUMBEST, MOST IGNORANT, LEAST EDUCATED, MOST PROPAGANDIZED, MOST INFANTILE population on the planet. What do you expect???
Why do you think "honor thy father and mother" was a commandment? Respecting your elders has always been a cornerstone of a functional society, and every functioning society imprints that characteristic on its youth. The problem is that our elders aren't trustworthy.
That's why I'm against the Scientificism . The totally blind faith that normal people have in Science, not knowing how this works. They need to be aware that sometimes they don't have all the answers and some people is supposed to fail or commit fraud .
Another example of (as Bret Weinstein suggested) the peer review process is little better than the rating companies ascribing AAA to worthless instruments resulting in the 2008 financial collapse. A lot of good science is fund on pre-print servers, but, if it challenges an orthodoxy, it will never get published.
If it's truly ground breaking it often gets picked up twenty years later by someone in a different field. That person can build a career on it, but the original researcher will have probably gone on to work in game design or something even further removed from their original research.
I abandoned the physiological research in biology largely because even in classes we were systematically drilled to fiddle with data. Increase some contrast, select some excerpt, redo readings that did not fit etc.That is a craft in itself, you always find ways to favour the results that you want or were told to come up with. And unless people rerun the exact same experiments and your results were bent too heavily it is very rare that you will ever be made responsible. It is thus only those frauds that, like burglars who become reckless, on the long run overstretch their credit and become suspicious who are eventually exposed. I concluded that most number based experimental sciences are quite futile and only the theory behind them (if any) worthy of scientific discussion. The numbers and diagrams should be treated as ornaments.
Fraud in science is encouraged when a scientist has to PAY for their work to be published.... instead of research journals creating a line for publishing, perhaps they should re-test the work to see if they can duplicate the results.
Expensive, sure, but we can weed out a level of stupidity .
I agree!
Journals charge scientists to publish...then they charge scientists to read them...and they charge the public even more to read them! What a grift.
@@connorperrett9559for further loss of faith in humanity, see: Aaron Schwartz
@@connorperrett9559 the great double-whammy!
@@connorperrett9559That's why you should use SCI-HUB to read and DL research papers and journals that are usually behind a paywall. There is a community of people around the 🌎 who believe in the free and open access to knowledge therefore they liberate the scientific papers.
This is disturbing, but from my own experiences in school and life, it hardly surprises me. The widespread perception of science and scientists as authorities on reality itself is concerning, especially when it takes a discerning and skeptical, as well as rather educated mind to be able to question those who assume the mantle of authority. No problem if those who are in that position are trustworthy, but indeed “why wouldn’t it happen in science too?” So long as there is an agenda, it’s realistic to expect there to be an incentive to fake results and extrapolate and manipulate data to fit a narrative.
The patrons of the sciences don't want the truth. They want the priestly sanction of scientists to support their agendas, since the institution of science has become the dominant modern religion. This is why you have political leftists trying to crush even the slightest question about certain topics I hesitate to mention on UA-cam, and why you also have right-wingers funding creationist or pro-fossil fuel studies that, while under better circumstances would be useful questioning of dominant scientific consensus, actually become useless because their patrons would withdraw funding if anything contrary to them were discovered by the studies.
The issues I keep seeing in almost every sector of work is three fold. Submission to authority even if that authority is wrong. Refusal of authority to accept questioning despite people offering legitimate concerns for safety an ethics. And finally external pressures to provide results or be replaced with no further recourse. I find it interesting that behavioral studies have had to investigate themselves and found a lot of false/misleading/non-replicated reasearch; but also how this falsified information them relates back to their some of their findings on human behaviour in that sphere of research. Not only that, it also has exposed questions about fraud, in hard sciences, that also relates back to the behavioural sciences research into human behaviour again. It is a very odd sort of situation to be watching from the outside.
Intellectual arrogance is a fair predictor of intellectual dishonesty.
I agree.
The bible is full of intellectual' arrogance and heresay. Which is is why it should be criticized.
@@evangelicalsnever-lie9792 Are you sure about that? Have you read the bible, or have all the misquotes, misattributions, and general abuse of the text made the bible the source of the fault?
@@enkephalin07 Yep, I'm sure. It's a real POS just like those who think it isn't. But hey, if you wanna be like a toddler and believe in things like; talking snakes, magic trees, talking burning bushes, talking donkeys, talking clouds, 900 year old men, Magical Boat in Magical Storm, Bakery Goods Falling From The Sky and Water-walkin' magical woo wizards who zap trees, part seas, and poof magical party wine into existence…
…then have at it and continue to prostlitize and try to convince the world to join you in your weak mindedness, religious sheeple herd mentality - knock yourself out.
Good we could use some more dishonesty in order to bypass Truism and find real Truth. Its a valuable tool to poison degeneracy and scalp that data forcibly. After all what does anyone care about the butt dialed opinions of one-liners anyway. If you are not capable of deceit, you are not smart but stupid. Prediction correct, yet it did nothing for you, try again at another Pyrrhic victory pounding sand with unfounded morals.
The colleagues of these fraudsters MUST have known about the fraud: they were listed as co-authors. So those colleagues are also guilty.
The "elite" is fooling and enslaving you with technology 👉 The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖
Its common practive to just slam your name on papers you cant even start checking. Manufactoring publications would slow down lot if all co authors had to check all data
@@Samirustem -- The supervisor works every day with colleagues and subordinates. He gets daily progress reports from them. Not only are their reputations at risk but so is his. That cheating is occurring in all of the sciences is an open secret. If a result seems too good to be true, it may not be true. Checking that is his responsibility. That's why he's the boss and they're not.
Here's a link to Stuart Ritchie's book on Scientific Fraud: amzn.to/3srjiW6
(an affiliate link).
If you're concerned about fraudulent research making its way into the literature and would like to support the work of a group focused on its detection, please consider supporting Data Colada's Legal Defense team at www.gofundme.com/f/uhbka-support-data-coladas-legal-defense?+share-sheet&
From the gofundme.com page: Leif Nelson, Joe Simmons, and Uri Simonsohn are professors who together publish the Data Colada blog. In June 2023, they published a series of blog posts raising concerns about the integrity of the data in four papers co-authored by Harvard Business School (HBS) Professor Francesca Gino. They waited to publish these blog posts until after the HBS’s investigation concluded, with HBS placing Professor Gino on leave and requesting retractions for the four papers. In early August 2023, Professor Gino filed a lawsuit for defamation against Harvard University, and against Leif, Joe, and Uri personally, claiming 25 million dollars in damages. Defending oneself in court is time-consuming and expensive regardless of the merits of the lawsuit - as First Amendment lawyer Ken White put it to Vox , “The process is the punishment.” Targets of scientific criticism can thus use the legal system to silence their critics.
What an excellent video. In seeing over the last few years the mis-, dis-, and mal-information promulgated by iconic public health agencies/organizations & big pharma, it’s important to understand the mindset of those involved. For example, I’d love to know if there is a link between hoarding behavior and those who commit fraud to amass sums of money that can’t be spent in many lifetimes, much less one.
When I was in the military I had to read a lot of medical papers and I came to the conclusion that a lot of that stuff is just subjective, and if it matches what theyre looking for, it's promoted. Some of the conclusions they purport makes no sense, but whatever man.
If only it was university leaders that were held criminally accountable for the work of their 'superstars', and whistleblowers were *really* protected. Would things change?
Or journal owners. Maybe they would even bother to pay peer reviewers
Chemist at a company in 1970’s. We were not allowed to send failing environmental tests. We had to retest until we passed, then send the reports in to the state. Me and a buddy quit asap and went into other pursuits.
This is great a coverage of a spicy scientific scandal! I notice that this video has grabbed a higher amount of views in a short amount of time compared to your other videos. Thank you for the upload.
Researchers found that curcumen caused the death of all, that's all, cancer cell lines in vitro...what the researchers then did, was make the simple conclusion that the concentrations used in viro, couldn't be achieved in the body ie.. in vivo.
This writer, faced with squamous cell carcinoma the size of a ping pong ball, and it was growing so fast that it had burst through the skin and was bleeding...took 10 minutes to find a way of getting the oil soluble curcumen into the blood stream, due to remembering the alpha-lipoic acid is almost equally miscible in oil as it is soluble in water.The molecule pick s up the curcumen making it, the combination, soluble in the blood.
My cancer? Completely gone in 10 days..
300mg curcumen with black pepper extract
300mg alpha-lipoic acid
1mg methylcobalamin daily.
The faster the cancer cells are dividing, the quicker the curcumen is able to act.
Listening to this I'm wondering how often this happens in private industry for internal studies where there's even less pressure for accountability than academia.
Currently I'm learning data analytics and this makes me curious about how often people at companies during the data cleaning phase unintentionally skew their results due to being uninformed. A lot of these individuals are not necessarily trained in the scientific method through academic rigor but learn on the job or DIY online. Compounding this their superiors may sometimes know even less about data analysis, yet they are making "data driven decisions" for the company... 🤔 This is kinda frightening considering millions of dollars can be on the line.
Difficult to say. My experience with private enterprise is that it's usually pretty badly run. However if your product is technology, you will be judged by how well your products perform, and how well you market them. About thirty years ago, a room-mate of mine spent several co-op semesters coding for IBM. He wasn't very impressed with how their product development was managed. How has IBM been doing in the last thirty years, in terms of product development and marketing?
It's not internal studies you should be worried about. These will likely be done with the utmost integrity, they just want to know the truth and then weigh it in their decision making to their advantage. It is the external studies that are suspect. The external "independent" party will be fully aware that producing a desired result will likely yield more jobs from the same company or a competitor. "If you need scientific support for your case, these are the guys to go to".
@@MartinMaat That's right. There was a study contracted out for the Covid Vaccine in Texas that I remember reading about. where the consulting firm really botched it. Of course internal studies could also be subject to pressure to get the desired result as well. You got a product coming to market and it needs to get the appropriate approval. People's jobs could be on the line. That might be one reason why they got to external studies.
@@MartinMaat I suppose it really depends on the intent of the people conducting the study and who's applying pressure. I don't think that external studies would be necessarily more prone to people trying to achieve a particular result. I seem to remember a lot of cases of outside independent studies uncovering some really important information in the government for instance that was either glossed over or practically covered up.
Also a lot of large companies may be incentived to make numbers look better for very particular stats for instance environmental pollution in order to avoid regulations and/or fines. I can imagine any other number of reasons as well.
I was less concerned about intentional malfeasance in my question and more so with unintentional error; people simply lacking the expertise to know they are making mistakes. A sort of Dunning Krueger effect I suppose. I know there was that whole replication crisis in psychology. You know what I mean.
The market is a complex set of variables and it's easy to attribute one thing or another to the success of a company or a product but we can't always be sure. Look at stock picking and how people have tried experiments such as having their cat pick stocks to see if they can beat the market.
The "elite" is fooling and enslaving you with technology 👉 The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖
worked with one of my professors in my first job. watched her fabricate every scrap of a study paid for by a benign food manufacturers trade association. invented out of thin air. $25k in her pocket plus a tax deductible trip abroad. instantly red pilled.
Sounds to me like we need to revise the incentives we impose on researchers.
And increase the punishment for fraud, to really disincentivize fraud.
14:27 oh...
I dont consider myself better than others. I dont like cheating because work feels meaningless and that is depressing. But i can see how if your goal is just reward like fame and money why not to cheats. I seriously would question even 14 percent. Much of cheating scients do they are not even admiting to themselves. I often wanna ask people around me and how is that not faking data. But i know if tou even hint that they will be very ofended and not plesent to dwal with that.
@@SamirustemNot a scientist, but a human that has on occasion “cheated”, and I can tell you it never goes away those times have stayed with me forever, even since as a child. So I always try to take the bullet now, and the pain may be greater, but it’s short term, and the relief is palpable. We all are flawed humans. But we can learn.
it's never possible to eliminate fraud and nefarious activities, but with a comprehensive system of responsibility, checks and balances in place, it is possible to make it very hard to get away with it for long. I'm thinking of the example of the accounting profession. embezzlement is almost impossible unless everyone from the bookkeeper on up is in on the scam.
I have a VERY hard time trusting social and psychological sciences and doctors due to a literal lifetime of dealing with them due to a borderline addict mother and other difficult family already, to know the literature is rife with fraud was hardly surprising to me. The ease with which diagnoses change from Dr to Dr can be jawdropping, and the actual benefits of 100% of the treatments are wishful thinking, if not criminal, in my experience and opinion. At 17yo I spent the summer driving my mom to Duke 3x week for electric shock treatment (they called it ECT electro cardio t something idr exactly never did) Long story short, every bit of it sucked and was traumatizing not just to mom, but to our entire family, and greedily I say myself. She died and was resuscitated the last time. They tried to hide it. It was horrible. This was summer of 1990. She killed herself just over a year ago.
I find scientific fraud fascinating perhaps because it explains a lot of what I have seen in my career. First, in grad school, there was a faculty member who routinely published (experimental) papers using human subjects in high-impact journals-yet we rarely saw her lab running subjects and her doctoral students were often twiddling their thumbs…and, in fact, she could not keep a student in her lab-and I have heard she was later quietly dismissed from her position. We all jokingly used to say she was fudging data…but I don’t think any of us actually thought a renowned scientist could be THAT unethical.
Then, at my post-doc institution, there was another highly-prolific faculty member who was very much like that…and I found that deeply perplexing-but, again, I didn’t think a famous scientist could engage in data fraud! But, boy, how the research world has changed in the recent years!!!
I actually read some of the retracted papers in the behavioral/social sciences. One thing I have noticed is that they all seem to report HUMONGOUSLY significant results, statistically speaking, based on VERY subtle manipulations (e.g., signing a document at the top vs. the bottom; holding cold drinks vs. warm; posing in a certain way vs. another, etc. etc.). We should ALL voice concerns if somebody obtains such huge effects yet nobody else can replicate it…and that becomes a pattern, like what we have seen with some prolific scholars who have yet to be reprimanded publicly...
Harvard and Stanford have ostensibly been good about handling these cases around research conduct, but others do not seem as proactive-because they are certainly aware of the allegations. I could only imagine how many of those scholars are enjoying cushy academic positions at world’s top institutions when their entire careers may have been established on fraud…